CN112159164A - Soft soil curing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soft soil curing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112159164A CN112159164A CN202011107387.2A CN202011107387A CN112159164A CN 112159164 A CN112159164 A CN 112159164A CN 202011107387 A CN202011107387 A CN 202011107387A CN 112159164 A CN112159164 A CN 112159164A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
- C04B7/42—Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process
- C04B7/421—Inorganic materials
- C04B7/424—Oxides, Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/44—Burning; Melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a soft soil curing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the soft soil curing agent comprises activated tailings, alcohol compounds, glass fibers, inorganic acid liquid, water, liquid resin and other components, wherein the activated tailings are obtained by calcining and activating tailings and an alkaline activation activator. The soft soil curing agent is applied to soil consolidation, reduces dust pollution, can obviously improve the compression resistance and the breaking strength of a consolidated body, ensures that the solidified soil is not easy to crack, has good heavy metal stabilization effect, is easy to construct, has low production cost, effectively realizes in-situ harmless digestion of industrial tailings, and meets the green production requirement of treating waste with waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soft soil curing agent, in particular to a soft soil curing agent which is prepared by taking tailings as a main raw material, performing high-temperature alkali fusion activation and then mixing the activated tailings with alcohols, glass fibers, acid, liquid resin, water and the like, and also relates to a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of environmental remediation.
Background
In recent years, the rapid development of Chinese economy benefits from the improvement of modern mining technology. However, the mining intensity of mine resources is increased, and a large amount of tailings are left while raw materials required by life and production of people are obtained. Among them, the silica-alumina tailings are typical of tailings, and the discharge quantity thereof is highest among all the tailings. The general characteristics of the silica-alumina tailings are that the components are complex, the granularity is fine, the discharge amount is large, and the silica-alumina tailings contain partial heavy metals and other elements. Due to the limitation of the technical level at the present stage, the effective consumption of high-consumption resource recycling by taking tailings as raw materials is limited, and a large amount of tailings are temporarily stored in a tailing pond in a pipeline discharge mode. Therefore, the tailings are subjected to on-site resource absorption and utilization, and the method has great practical significance for improving the mine environment and effectively protecting mineral resources.
At present, in the aspect of mine environment restoration, the use of a soft soil curing agent effectively solves the difficult problem of heavy metal pollution of mines. However, in the use process of the soft soil curing agent, because the granularity of the soft soil curing agent is fine, a certain degree of dust pollution is caused in the use process, and the soft soil curing agent poses great threats to the health of mine staff, especially to pneumoconiosis. At present, the soft soil curing agent is mainly powdery, the research on the soft soil curing agent is still in the starting stage, and the production cost of the soft soil curing agent is increased by using purified industrial raw materials. Therefore, the research and application of the soft soil curing agent are developed, the production cost is reduced, and the method has important significance for solving the defects of the current powdery soft soil curing agent.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of low utilization rate of the silicon-aluminum tailings and the like in the prior art and the defects of the existing soft soil curing agent in the use process, the invention has the first aim of providing the soft soil curing agent which has low cost, no dust pollution, obviously improved compression strength and bending strength of a solidified body, difficult crack generation of the solidified soil, better heavy metal stabilization effect and easy construction.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for preparing the soft soil curing agent, which has simple steps and low cost, takes the silica-alumina tailings as the raw material, effectively realizes the in-situ harmless digestion of industrial tailings, achieves the green production of treating wastes with wastes, greatly reduces the production cost, has excellent performance of the prepared soft soil curing agent, can effectively avoid the pollution of raised dust in the construction process, has excellent performances of compression resistance, breaking strength and the like of a solidified body, is not easy to crack solidified soil, and can realize the stabilization of heavy metals.
The invention provides a soft soil curing agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% -90% of activated tailings; 1 to 6 percent of alcohol compound; 0.001% -0.5% of glass fiber; 1 to 5 percent of inorganic acid liquid; 5 to 45 percent of water; 2-30% of liquid resin (measured by the total mass of 100%); the activated tailings are obtained by calcining and activating tailings and an alkaline activation excitant.
The preferable soft soil curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% -70% of activated tailings; 2 to 4 percent of alcohol compound; 0.005% -0.2% of glass fiber; 2 to 4 percent of inorganic acid liquid; 20 to 30 percent of water; 5 to 15 percent of liquid resin.
In the formula of the soft soil curing agent, the activated tailings mainly comprise the main components of a cementing material formed by hydration reaction of active ingredients such as sodium silicate and sodium aluminate with water; the alcohol mainly has the function of improving the gelling effect of the soft soil curing agent; the inorganic acid mainly has the function of adjusting the pH value of the soft soil curing agent; the liquid resin is mainly used for coating heavy metals, so that the effective leaching of the heavy metals in the consolidated tailings is reduced; the glass fiber has the main function of improving the breaking strength of the consolidation body.
As a preferable scheme, the tailings are silica-alumina-based tailings, and the total content of silica and alumina components, the content of iron components and the content of calcium components in the tailings are not less than 60%, not less than 5% and not more than 10%.
Preferably, the alkali activation activator is at least one of caustic soda, lime, and potassium hydroxide. The alkali activation stimulant is further preferably caustic soda.
As a preferable scheme, the mass ratio of the alkaline activation excitant to the tailings is 0.4-2: 1. The mass ratio of the alkaline activation excitant to the tailings is further preferably 0.6-1.5: 1.
As a preferable embodiment, the conditions of the calcination activation treatment are: the temperature is 400-1000 ℃ and the time is 1-5 hours. The temperature of the calcination activation treatment is more preferably 600 to 800 ℃. The time for the calcination activation treatment is more preferably 1 to 2 hours.
As a preferable mode, the alcohol compound is C1～C5The short-chain fatty alcohol of (1). Such as ethanol, propanol, etc.
As a preferable embodiment, the inorganic acid solution is nitric acid.
As a preferred embodiment, the liquid resin is SJ-30 liquid resin, liquid silicone, or liquid epoxy resin. Most preferably SJ-30 liquid resin.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the soft soil curing agent, which comprises the steps of mixing the tailings with the alkaline activation excitant to carry out calcination activation treatment to obtain activated tailings; and after the activated tailings and water are uniformly mixed, adding an alcohol compound and regulating the pH value to be stable to be alkaline under the stirring condition, and then adding liquid resin and glass fibers to obtain the activated tailings.
Preferably, the pH is adjusted to 7 to 11, and more preferably, 8 to 10.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the soft soil curing agent provided by the invention takes the silica-alumina tailings as a raw material, and can be used as a main raw material of the soft soil curing agent through simple activation treatment, so that the in-situ harmless digestion of industrial tailings is effectively realized, the green production of treating wastes with wastes is realized, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
2) The soft soil curing agent disclosed by the invention has the advantages of no dust pollution in the construction process, excellent consolidation performance, higher compression strength and breaking strength of a consolidated body, difficulty in cracking of the consolidated soil, better stabilization effect on heavy metals, easiness in construction and obvious advantages compared with the existing curing agent.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are intended to further illustrate the present disclosure, but not to limit the scope of the claims.
The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention:
the starting materials used in the following examples are all commercially available conventional chemical starting materials unless otherwise specified.
The following examples collect the tailings of the mineral separation of a certain tin ore field in the autonomous region of Guangxi Zhuang as a solidified raw material, and the chemical composition of the tailings of the mineral separation is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 tailings chemistry and content of mineral processing
| Chemical composition | SiO2 | Al2O3 | FeO | CaO | MgO | As2O3 | PbO | Others |
| Content/wt. -%) | 65.12 | 4.57 | 10.03 | 5.65 | 3.21 | 1.04 | 0.25 | 10.13 |
The foregoing embodiments and description have been provided only to illustrate the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention, which falls within the scope of the claimed invention.
Example 1
(1) Activation of tailings: uniformly mixing caustic soda and tailings in a ratio of 0.8:1 in the table 1, and calcining and activating at 600 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain activated tailings;
(2) according to the activated mineral aggregate: water: SJ-30 liquid resin: ethanol: nitric acid: the mass ratio of the glass fiber is 60: 13.8: 20: 3: 3: 0.2, uniformly mixing under the condition of continuous stirring to obtain a soft soil curing agent;
(3) the tailings in the table 1 are solidified by using the obtained soft soil solidifying agent, the ratio of the tailings to the soft soil solidifying agent is 96:4, the obtained mixed material is prepared into a 5 x 5 cylindrical test block, the test block is maintained for a period of time under the maintenance conditions that the temperature is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 92%, and the unconfined compressive strength test is carried out, wherein the test results are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2 unconfined compressive strength of test blocks obtained in different curing days
| Days/day of maintenance | 7 | 14 | 28 |
| Unconfined compressive strength/MPa | 4.3 | 5.8 | 6.9 |
The rupture strength reaches 3.2MPa in 28 days. The obtained consolidation body is subjected to a heavy metal leaching toxicity test (a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method, namely a sulfuric acid-nitric acid method HJ/T299-2007), As2O3The consolidation rate of (2) was 98.16%, and the consolidation rate of PbO was 95.48%.
Example 2
(1) Activation of tailings: uniformly mixing caustic soda and tailings in a ratio of 1:1.5 in Table 1, and calcining and activating at 600 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain activated tailings;
(2) according to the activated mineral aggregate: water: SJ-30 liquid resin: ethanol: nitric acid: glass fiber 70: 13.9: 10: 2: 4: 0.1, uniformly mixing under the condition of continuous stirring to obtain a soft soil curing agent;
(3) the tailings in the table 1 are cured by using the obtained soft soil curing agent, the ratio of the tailings to the soft soil curing agent is 97:3, the obtained mixed material is prepared into a 5 x 5 cylindrical test block, the test block is cured for a period of time under the curing conditions that the temperature is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 92%, and the unconfined compressive strength test is carried out, wherein the test results are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 3 unconfined compressive strength of test blocks obtained in different curing days
| Days/day of maintenance | 7 | 14 | 28 |
| Unconfined compressive strength/MPa | 4.5 | 5.6 | 6.5 |
The rupture strength reaches 2.8MPa in 28 days. The obtained consolidation body is subjected to a heavy metal leaching toxicity test (a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method, namely a sulfuric acid-nitric acid method HJ/T299-2007), As2O3The consolidation rate of (2) was 96.15%, and the consolidation rate of PbO was 97.32%.
Example 3
(1) Activation of tailings: uniformly mixing caustic soda and tailings in a ratio of 1.5:1 in the table 1, and calcining and activating at 600 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain activated tailings;
(2) according to the activated mineral aggregate: water: SJ-30 liquid resin: ethanol: nitric acid: the mass ratio of the glass fiber is 60: 30.9: 4: 3: 2: 0.1, uniformly mixing under the condition of continuous stirring to obtain a soft soil curing agent;
(3) the tailings in the table 1 are solidified by using the obtained soft soil solidifying agent, the ratio of the tailings to the soft soil solidifying agent is 96:4, the obtained mixed material is prepared into a 5 x 5 cylindrical test block, the test block is maintained for a period of time under the maintenance conditions that the temperature is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 92%, and the unconfined compressive strength test is carried out, wherein the test results are shown in the table 4:
TABLE 4 unconfined compressive strength of test blocks obtained in different curing days
| Days/day of maintenance | 7 | 14 | 28 |
| Unconfined compressive strength/MPa | 3.4 | 4.5 | 5.0 |
The rupture strength reaches 3.4MPa in 28 days. The obtained consolidation body is subjected to a heavy metal leaching toxicity test (a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method, namely a sulfuric acid-nitric acid method HJ/T299-2007), As2O3The consolidation rate of (2) was 70.54%, and the consolidation rate of PbO was 85.38%.
The foregoing embodiments and description have been presented only to illustrate the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A soft soil curing agent is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% -90% of activated tailings;
1 to 6 percent of alcohol compound;
0.001% -0.5% of glass fiber;
1 to 5 percent of inorganic acid liquid;
5 to 45 percent of water;
2% -30% of liquid resin;
the activated tailings are obtained by calcining and activating tailings and an alkaline activation excitant.
2. A soft soil curing agent according to claim 1, wherein:
the tailings are silicon-aluminum based tailings, wherein the total content of silicon-aluminum components in the tailings is not less than 60%, the content of iron components is not less than 5%, and the content of calcium components is not more than 10%;
the alkali activation excitant is at least one of caustic soda, lime and potassium hydroxide.
3. A soft soil curing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the alkaline activation excitant to the tailings is 0.4-2: 1.
4. A soft soil curing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the conditions of the calcination activation treatment are as follows: the temperature is 400-1000 ℃ and the time is 1-5 hours.
5. A soft soil curing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the alcohol compound is C1～C5The short-chain fatty alcohol of (1).
6. A soft soil curing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the inorganic acid solution is nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
7. A soft soil curing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid resin is SJ-30 liquid resin, liquid organic silicon or liquid epoxy resin.
8. A method of producing a soft soil solidifying agent according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that: mixing the tailings with an alkaline activation excitant to perform calcination activation treatment to obtain activated tailings; and after the activated tailings and water are uniformly mixed, adding an alcohol compound and regulating the pH value to be stable to be alkaline under the stirring condition, and then adding liquid resin and glass fibers to obtain the activated tailings.
9. A method of preparing a soft soil curing agent according to claim 8, wherein: adjusting the pH value to 7-11.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113136213A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-20 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Soil stabilizer prepared from bauxite tailings |
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2020
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113136213A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-20 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Soil stabilizer prepared from bauxite tailings |
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