CN113135770A - Ceramic sound-absorbing material with straight-through gradient pore structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ceramic sound-absorbing material with straight-through gradient pore structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113135770A
CN113135770A CN202110436316.5A CN202110436316A CN113135770A CN 113135770 A CN113135770 A CN 113135770A CN 202110436316 A CN202110436316 A CN 202110436316A CN 113135770 A CN113135770 A CN 113135770A
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absorbing material
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熊伟
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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure, which comprises the steps of dipping ceramic slurry on a plurality of organic templates with porous structures, coating carbon powder particles on the surfaces of the organic templates, laminating the organic templates, drying, removing glue, sintering and post-treating to obtain the ceramic sound-absorbing material; the invention also provides the ceramic sound-absorbing material with the straight-through gradient pore structure, which is prepared by the method, wherein the compressive strength is 5.8MPa to 7.5MPa, the porosity is 72 percent to 90 percent, and the noise reduction coefficient NRC is 0.55 to 0.85; the ceramic sound-absorbing material with the through gradient hole structure prepared by the method provided by the invention has the through hole structure in gradient distribution, and compared with the prior art, the ceramic sound-absorbing material has a better sound-absorbing effect, has high porosity and excellent mechanical properties, and in addition, the raw materials for preparing the ceramic sound-absorbing material with the through gradient hole structure are cheap and easy to obtain, the production process is simple, and the ceramic sound-absorbing material can be applied to mass production and has the advantage of easy popularization.

Description

Ceramic sound-absorbing material with straight-through gradient pore structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building boards, in particular to a ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient hole structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The porous ceramic sound-absorbing material has the characteristics of good electrical insulation, good chemical stability, low thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent dielectric property, good thermal shock resistance and the like, and is often used as a main material for heat preservation and heat insulation.
Aiming at porous ceramic materials, most of the existing products are closed-cell foamed ceramics or foamed glass, the heat insulation effect is good, but the sound absorption and noise reduction coefficient is low, and the application of the porous ceramic products in the field of sound barriers is restricted.
Content of application
The invention provides a ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient hole structure and a preparation method thereof, and the problem that the noise reduction coefficient of the existing product is not high enough is effectively solved by adjusting and controlling the raw material formula and the preparation process.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure, which comprises the steps of dipping ceramic slurry on a plurality of organic templates with porous structures, coating carbon powder particles on the surfaces of the organic templates, laminating the organic templates, drying, removing glue, sintering and carrying out post-treatment to obtain the ceramic sound-absorbing material.
The invention also provides a ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure, which is prepared by the preparation method, wherein the compressive strength of the material is 5.8MPa-7.5MPa, the porosity is 72% -90%, and the noise reduction coefficient NRC is 0.55-0.85.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the ceramic sound-absorbing material with the through gradient hole structure prepared by the method provided by the invention has the through hole structure in gradient distribution, and compared with a closed hole structure in the prior art, the ceramic sound-absorbing material has better sound-absorbing and noise-reducing effects, the noise reduction coefficient can reach as high as 0.85, the ceramic sound-absorbing material has high porosity and excellent mechanical properties, the compressive strength is 5.8MPa-7.5MPa, in addition, the raw materials for preparing the ceramic sound-absorbing material with the through gradient hole structure are cheap and easy to obtain, the production process is simple, the ceramic sound-absorbing material can be applied to mass production, and the ceramic sound-absorbing material has the advantage of easy popularization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ceramic sound absorbing material having a straight-through gradient pore structure prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a ceramic sound absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure, which comprises the steps of immersing a ceramic slurry in a plurality of organic templates having porous structures, applying carbon powder particles on the surfaces of the organic templates, laminating the plurality of organic templates, drying, binder removal, sintering, and post-processing.
Wherein, the particle size of the carbon powder particles is 1-9 microns, and on the surface of the organic template, the ratio of the surface area of the organic template to the coverage area of the carbon powder particles is 1: (0.4-0.6).
The ceramic slurry comprises raw materials of 96-98 parts by weight of mineral materials and 2-4 parts by weight of additives.
Wherein the mineral material comprises: one or more of diatomite mineral powder, kaolin mineral powder, quartz mineral powder and alumina powder;
42-64 parts of diatomite mineral powder, 25-34 parts of kaolin mineral powder, 0-20 parts of quartz mineral powder and 0-9 parts of alumina powder.
Wherein, the diatomite mineral powder is purified by adopting mixed acid, and the SiO of the purified diatomite mineral powder2The content is more than or equal to 85 percent, and the mixed acid is one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid.
Wherein, the additive comprises: one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and boron oxide;
according to the weight portion, the polyvinyl alcohol is 0.4 portion, the zinc oxide is 0.5 portion, the magnesium oxide is 0.5 portion, and the boron oxide is 0-0.2 portion.
Further, the formula of the ceramic slurry comprises the following components:
according to the first formula, 42 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 34 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 20 parts by weight of quartz mineral powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder and 2 parts by weight of boron oxide powder are added;
according to the second formula, 42 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 34 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 20 parts by weight of quartz mineral powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder and 2 parts by weight of boron oxide powder are added;
according to the third formula, 42 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 34 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 20 parts by weight of quartz mineral powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder and 2 parts by weight of boron oxide powder;
the formula IV comprises 64 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 25 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 9 parts by weight of alumina powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder and 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder;
the formula V comprises 64 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 25 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 9 parts by weight of alumina powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder and 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder.
The number of the organic templates is 10PPI-50PPI, the number of the organic templates is 3-5, the number of the organic templates is reduced in sequence after the organic templates are laminated, and the organic templates are specifically polyurethane foam.
When the polyurethane foam is used, it is subjected to pretreatment: putting polyurethane foam into NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating and soaking in water bath at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, cleaning with clear water, and drying in a drying oven at 60-110 ℃ for 8-12 hours.
The drying specifically comprises the step of placing the laminated organic template in an oven at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ to be dried for 8-12 hours to obtain a laminated blank.
Wherein the glue discharging specifically comprises the steps of placing the laminated blank into a glue discharging furnace, heating to 650 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours.
Wherein, the sintering is specifically that the temperature is raised to 1150-1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, then the temperature is preserved for 2 hours, and the temperature is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
Wherein the post-treatment is specifically to perform size cutting and surface processing on the sintered and cooled mature blank.
Example 1
A ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) pretreatment of raw materials: the diatomite ore is crushed and purified by a scrubbing-acid leaching method. Mechanically crushing diatomite ore, and mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 (material: ball: solution), diatomite mineral powder and 5 percent of dilute hydrochloric acid are weighed according to the proportion in a ball milling tank, the rotating speed is 100 r/min, the ball milling is carried out for 1 to 12 hours, the ball milling ceramic slurry is dried at the temperature of 80 to 110 ℃ after being settled and degritted, and the powder is sieved by a 80-mesh sieve;
2) organic template pretreatment: putting polyurethane foam into NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating and soaking in water bath at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, cleaning with clear water, and drying in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
3) Preparing ceramic slurry: weighing 42 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 34 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 20 parts by weight of quartz mineral powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder and 2 parts by weight of boron oxide powder according to the mass ratio of 3: 1, placing the powder into a nylon ball milling tank, and wet milling the powder for 1 hour in the ball milling tank at the rotating speed of 100 revolutions per minute.
4) Dipping and slurry hanging: the pretreated polyurethane foam (three polyurethane foams with the cell numbers of 50PPI, 45PPI and 40PPI in sequence) is put into ceramic slurry for dipping and sizing, and the redundant ceramic slurry is removed by a roller press.
5) And (3) laminating and drying: spreading and laminating the polyurethane foam dipped and hung with the slurry, and applying 0.1 part by weight of carbon powder particles with the particle size of 1 micron between layers, wherein the ratio of the surface area of the polyurethane foam to the coverage area of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the polyurethane foam is 1: 0.8, putting the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
6) rubber discharging: placing the laminated green body into a glue discharging furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1 hour;
7) and (3) sintering: and placing the blank after the glue discharging into a kiln, heating to 1150 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and then naturally cooling in a sintering furnace.
8) And (3) post-treatment: the sintered and cooled sintered blank is subjected to size cutting and surface processing to obtain the ceramic sound absorbing material A1 with a through gradient hole structure, and the structural schematic diagram of the ceramic sound absorbing material A1 is shown in figure 1.
Example 2
A ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) pretreatment of raw materials: the diatomite ore is crushed and purified by a scrubbing-acid leaching method. Mechanically crushing diatomite ore, and mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 (material: ball: solution), diatomite mineral powder and 5 percent of dilute hydrochloric acid are weighed according to the proportion in a ball milling tank, the rotating speed is 100 r/min, the ball milling is carried out for 1 to 12 hours, the ball milling ceramic slurry is dried at the temperature of 80 to 110 ℃ after being settled and degritted, and the powder is sieved by a 80-mesh sieve;
2) organic template pretreatment: putting polyurethane foam into NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating and soaking in water bath at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, cleaning with clear water, and drying in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
3) Preparing ceramic slurry: weighing 42 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 34 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 20 parts by weight of quartz mineral powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder and 2 parts by weight of boron oxide powder according to the mass ratio of 3: 1, placing the powder into a nylon ball milling tank, and wet milling the powder for 1 hour in the ball milling tank at the rotating speed of 100 revolutions per minute.
4) Dipping and slurry hanging: the pretreated polyurethane foam (three polyurethane foams with the cell number of 50PPI, 40PPI and 30PPI in sequence) is put into ceramic slurry for dipping and sizing, and the redundant ceramic slurry is removed by a roller press.
5) And (3) laminating and drying: spreading and laminating the polyurethane foam dipped and hung with the slurry, and applying 0.1 part by weight of carbon powder particles with the particle size of 5 microns between layers, wherein the ratio of the surface area of the polyurethane foam to the coverage area of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the polyurethane foam is 1: 0.5, putting the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
6) rubber discharging: placing the laminated green body into a glue discharging furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1 hour;
7) and (3) sintering: and placing the blank after the glue discharging into a kiln, heating to 1150 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and then naturally cooling in a sintering furnace.
8) And (3) post-treatment: and performing size cutting and surface processing on the sintered and cooled mature blank to obtain the ceramic sound absorbing material A2 with a through gradient hole structure.
Example 3
A ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) pretreatment of raw materials: the diatomite ore is crushed and purified by a scrubbing-acid leaching method. Mechanically crushing diatomite ore, and mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 (material: ball: solution), diatomite mineral powder and 5 percent of dilute hydrochloric acid are weighed according to the proportion in a ball milling tank, the rotating speed is 100 r/min, the ball milling is carried out for 1 to 12 hours, the ball milling ceramic slurry is dried at the temperature of 80 to 110 ℃ after being settled and degritted, and the powder is sieved by a 80-mesh sieve;
2) organic template pretreatment: putting polyurethane foam into NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating and soaking in water bath at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, cleaning with clear water, and drying in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
3) Preparing ceramic slurry: weighing 42 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 34 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder, 20 parts by weight of quartz mineral powder, 0.6 part by weight of waste carbon powder, 0.4 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol powder, 0.5 part by weight of zinc oxide powder, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium oxide powder and 2 parts by weight of boron oxide powder according to the mass ratio of 3: 1, placing the powder into a nylon ball milling tank, and wet milling the powder for 1 hour in the ball milling tank at the rotating speed of 100 revolutions per minute.
4) Dipping and slurry hanging: the pretreated polyurethane foam (four pieces of polyurethane foam with the cell number of 50PPI, 40PPI, 30PPI and 25PPI in sequence) is put into ceramic slurry for dipping and slurry coating, and redundant ceramic slurry is removed through a roll squeezer.
5) And (3) laminating and drying: spreading and laminating the polyurethane foam dipped and hung with the slurry, and applying 0.1 part by weight of carbon powder particles with the particle size of 9 microns between layers, wherein the ratio of the surface area of the polyurethane foam to the coverage area of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the polyurethane foam is 1: 0.4, putting the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃; (ii) a
6) Rubber discharging: placing the laminated blank into a glue discharging furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours;
7) and (3) sintering: placing the blank after the glue discharging into a kiln, heating to 1150 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and then naturally cooling in a sintering furnace;
8) and (3) post-treatment: and performing size cutting and surface processing on the sintered and cooled mature blank to obtain the ceramic sound absorbing material A3 with a through gradient hole structure.
Example 4
A ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) pretreatment of raw materials: the diatomite ore is crushed and purified by a scrubbing-acid leaching method. Mechanically crushing diatomite ore, and mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 (material: ball: solution), diatomite mineral powder and 5 percent of dilute hydrochloric acid are weighed according to the proportion in a ball milling tank, the rotating speed is 100 r/min, the ball milling is carried out for 1 to 12 hours, the ball milling slurry is dried at the temperature of 80 to 110 ℃ after being settled and degritted, and the powder is sieved by a sieve of 80 meshes;
2) organic template pretreatment: putting polyurethane foam into NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating and soaking in water bath at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, cleaning with clear water, and drying in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
3) Preparing ceramic slurry: weighing diatomite mineral powder (64 parts by weight), kaolin mineral powder (25 parts by weight), alumina powder (9 parts by weight), waste carbon powder (0.6 part by weight), polyvinyl alcohol powder (0.4 part by weight), zinc oxide powder (0.5 part by weight) and magnesium oxide powder (0.5 part by weight) according to the mass percentage, putting the powder into a nylon ball milling tank, weighing the powder according to the mass ratio of 3: 1 (ball: material: water), and putting the powder into the ball milling tank for wet milling for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 100 revolutions per minute.
4) Dipping and slurry hanging: the pretreated polyurethane foam (four polyurethane foams with the cell numbers of 50PPI, 40PPI, 30PPI, 20PPI and 10PPI in sequence) is put into ceramic slurry for dipping and sizing, and the redundant ceramic slurry is removed by a roll squeezer.
5) And (3) laminating and drying: spreading and laminating the polyurethane foam dipped and hung with the slurry, and applying 0.1 part by weight of carbon powder particles with the particle size of 1 micron between layers, wherein the ratio of the surface area of the polyurethane foam to the coverage area of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the polyurethane foam is 1: 0.8, putting the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
6) rubber discharging: placing the laminated blank into a glue discharging furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours;
7) and (3) sintering: placing the blank after the binder removal into a kiln, heating to 1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and then naturally cooling in a sintering furnace;
8) and (3) post-treatment: and performing size cutting and surface processing on the sintered and cooled mature blank to obtain the ceramic sound absorbing material A4 with a through gradient hole structure.
Example 5
A ceramic sound-absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) pretreatment of raw materials: the diatomite ore is crushed and purified by a scrubbing-acid leaching method. Mechanically crushing diatomite ore, and mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 (material: ball: solution), diatomite mineral powder and 5 percent of dilute hydrochloric acid are weighed according to the proportion in a ball milling tank, the rotating speed is 100 r/min, the ball milling is carried out for 1 to 12 hours, the ball milling slurry is dried at 80 to 110 ℃ after being settled and degritted, and the powder is sieved by a 80-mesh sieve;
2) organic template pretreatment: putting polyurethane foam into NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating and soaking in water bath at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, cleaning with clear water, and drying in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
3) Preparing ceramic slurry: weighing diatomite mineral powder (64 parts by weight), kaolin mineral powder (25 parts by weight), alumina powder (9 parts by weight), waste carbon powder (0.6 part by weight), polyvinyl alcohol powder (0.4 part by weight), zinc oxide powder (0.5 part by weight) and magnesium oxide powder (0.5 part by weight) according to the mass percentage, putting the powder into a nylon ball milling tank, weighing the powder according to the mass ratio of 3: 1 (ball: material: water), and putting the powder into the ball milling tank for wet milling for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 100 revolutions per minute.
4) Dipping and slurry hanging: respectively putting the pretreated polyurethane foam (five pieces of polyurethane foam with the cell numbers of 50PPI, 40PPI, 30PPI, 25PPI and 20PPI in sequence) into the ceramic slurry for dipping and sizing, and removing the redundant ceramic slurry through a roller press.
5) And (3) laminating and drying: spreading and laminating the polyurethane foam dipped and hung with the slurry, and applying 0.1 part by weight of carbon powder particles with the particle size of 1 micron between layers, wherein the ratio of the surface area of the polyurethane foam to the coverage area of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the polyurethane foam is 1: 0.8, putting the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
6) rubber discharging: placing the laminated blank into a glue discharging furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours;
7) and (3) sintering: and placing the blank after the glue is removed into a kiln, heating to 1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and then naturally cooling in a sintering furnace.
8) And (3) post-treatment: and performing size cutting and surface processing on the sintered and cooled mature blank to obtain the ceramic sound absorbing material A5 with a through gradient hole structure.
Comparative example 1
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that no carbon powder particles were added, and finally, a material D1 was obtained.
Comparative example 2
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that the particle size of the carbon powder particles was 0.5 μm, and finally, a material D2 was obtained.
Comparative example 3
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that the particle size of the carbon powder particles was 20 μm, and finally, a material D3 was obtained.
Comparative example 4
The other characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that 30 parts by weight of diatomite mineral powder, 41.5 parts by weight of kaolin mineral powder and 24.5 parts by weight of quartz mineral powder were added, and that a material D4 was finally obtained.
Comparative example 5
The other characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that the amount of the diatomite mineral powder added was 70 parts by weight, the amount of the kaolin mineral powder added was 16 parts by weight, and the amount of the quartz mineral powder added was 10 parts by weight, and finally, material D5 was obtained.
Comparative example 6
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that the diatomite mineral powder was not purified, and finally the material D6 was obtained.
Comparative example 7
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that no additives were added, and finally material D7 was obtained.
Comparative example 8
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that the cell numbers of the three polyurethane foams were 50PPI, 40PPI, and 45PPI in this order, and finally, a material D8 was obtained.
Comparative example 9
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that the maximum temperature during sintering was 1000 ℃ and that material D9 was finally obtained.
Comparative example 10
The remaining characteristics were the same as in example 1, except that the maximum temperature during sintering was 1400 ℃ and that material D10 was finally obtained.
Examples of the experiments
The compressive strength, porosity and noise reduction coefficient of the above A1-A5 and D1-D10 were measured by the following methods, and the data are shown in Table 1.
Compressive strength: refer to "Experimental method for compressive Strength of porous ceramics" GB/T1964-;
porosity: refer to "porous ceramic apparent porosity and volume test method" GB/T1966-;
noise reduction coefficient: referring to section 1 of measurement of sound absorption coefficient and acoustic impedance in acoustic impedance tubes: standing wave ratio method GB/T18696.1-2004.
TABLE 1 materials-related Properties
Figure BDA0003033220940000141
Figure BDA0003033220940000151
The results in table 1 show that the ceramic sound-absorbing material with the straight-through gradient pore structure prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has excellent mechanical properties and sound-absorbing effect, the production cost is greatly reduced by using geological minerals as raw materials, and meanwhile, the technical scheme is simple in process technology and can be produced in a large scale, and the ceramic sound-absorbing material has wide prospects in the vigorous development of the building material technical industry.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a ceramic sound absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure is characterized in that ceramic slurry is soaked on a plurality of organic templates with porous structures, carbon powder particles are applied to the surfaces of the organic templates, the organic templates are laminated, and the ceramic sound absorbing material is obtained through drying, binder removal, sintering and post-treatment.
2. The method for preparing a ceramic sound absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the carbon powder particles is 1-9 μm.
3. The method for preparing a ceramic sound absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the surface area of the organic template to the coverage area of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the organic template is 1: (0.4-0.6).
4. The method for preparing a ceramic sound absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the ceramic slurry comprise 96 parts to 98 parts of mineral materials and 2 parts to 4 parts of additives by weight.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the mineral material comprises: one or more of diatomite mineral powder, kaolin mineral powder, quartz mineral powder and alumina powder;
42-64 parts of diatomite mineral powder, 25-34 parts of kaolin mineral powder, 0-20 parts of quartz mineral powder and 0-9 parts of alumina powder.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the diatomite mineral powder is purified by using mixed acid, and the SiO of the purified diatomite mineral powder is2The content is more than or equal to 85 percent.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive comprises: one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and boron oxide;
according to the weight portion, the polyvinyl alcohol is 0.4 portion, the zinc oxide is 0.5 portion, the magnesium oxide is 0.5 portion, and the boron oxide is 0-0.2 portion.
8. The method of preparing a through gradient pore structure ceramic acoustical material of claim 1, wherein the number of pores of the organic template is 10PPI to 50PPI, and the number of the organic templates is 3 to 5.
9. The method for preparing a ceramic sound absorbing material of a straight-through gradient pore structure according to claim 1, wherein the temperature during sintering is set as follows: heating to 1150-1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
10. A ceramic sound absorbing material with a straight-through gradient pore structure, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that the compressive strength is 5.8MPa to 7.5MPa, the porosity is 72 percent to 90 percent, and the noise reduction coefficient NRC is 0.55 to 0.85.
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