CN113135005A - 一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料及生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料及生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN113135005A
CN113135005A CN202110589615.2A CN202110589615A CN113135005A CN 113135005 A CN113135005 A CN 113135005A CN 202110589615 A CN202110589615 A CN 202110589615A CN 113135005 A CN113135005 A CN 113135005A
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aramid fiber
shear thickening
aramid
polypropylene
thickening liquid
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施伟国
王鹏
王明俊
许大田
李路遥
胡彪
李俊
黄佳骏
唐利渊
魏玮
杨旻宸
袁士清
周宇海
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，包括硬质聚丙烯外层，和浸渍了剪切增稠液的芳纶织物芯层，所述芳纶织物芯层的芳纶织物与剪切增稠液通过挤压浸渍的方式进行结合。本发明的一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，具有良好的抗穿刺与抗冲击性能，同时该复合材料具备较好的可弯折性，适用于作为地下电缆管道的外保护层，降低了非破坏性开挖铺设时的难度，同时可应对各类外力破坏的情况以保护内部电缆线路的完整。

Description

一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料及生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于电缆材料领域的一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料。
背景技术
剪切增稠流体又称为膨胀型流体，属于非牛顿流体中的一种，其特点在于粘度随剪切频率的增加而增大。根据粒子簇机理解释，在受到快速外力冲击时，流体内部的微观颗粒会形成粒子簇，而粒子簇间的相互作用会引起表观粘度的急剧升高，流体在短时间内呈现类固体的状态，而当外力撤去后，粒子簇分离，类固体恢复流体状态。
CN110541299A公开了一种抗冲击的剪切增稠液体非织造布复合材料的制备方法，制得的剪切增稠液体非织造布复合材料其10J能量吸收率为46.65％。然而，单一的浸渍无法保证非织造布的长期使用性能，因为浸渍的液体会不断流失，需要对其进行合理地封装。
CN109666219A公开了一种提供一种聚丙烯/剪切增稠凝胶复合材料及其在保险杠中的应用，所提供的聚丙烯/剪切增稠凝胶复合材料，特别适用于作为保险杠的抗冲击材料，所使用的剪切增稠凝胶是另一种聚硼硅氧烷微凝胶所构成的，流动性好，但与织物的结合较为困难。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足，提供一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，其外层为聚丙烯外壳，中间芯层为多层剪切增稠流体浸渍芳纶以及热塑性聚氨酯，具有一定柔软度，适用于地下电缆管道的外保护层，相对于脆性纯塑料管材具有更好的韧性与可弯折能力，便于非破坏性条件下的开挖施工。
实现上述目的的一种技术方案是：一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，包括硬质聚丙烯外层，其特征在于，还包括浸渍了剪切增稠液的芳纶织物芯层。
进一步的，硬质聚丙烯外层厚度为2-5mm，芳纶织物芯层厚度为1-10mm。
进一步的，所述芳纶织物芯层的芳纶织物与剪切增稠液通过挤压浸渍的方式进行结合，浸渍时，将芳纶织物裁成等宽的长条状样品，在辊式开炼机中进行剪切增稠液的浸渍。
进一步的，挤压工艺的挤压辊挤压力控制为1-3bar，挤压浸渍时间为20min，浸渍后干燥时间为12h，干燥温度为25℃。
进一步的，所述剪切增稠液采用聚氨酯作为树脂基体，所述聚氨酯以聚四氢呋喃和聚二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯作为原料，按1:1摩尔比投料合成聚氨酯预聚物。
进一步的，聚氨酯预聚反应温度为70-80℃，反应时间为10-30min。
进一步的，浸渍芳纶织物与聚氨酯浸渍复合后，在热压机中进一步固化，固化温度为70-80℃。
进一步的，芳纶织物芯层的芳纶织物的间堆叠方式为90°正交堆叠或45°斜交堆叠，芳纶织物层数为2-10层。
进一步的，使用手糊法、模压法、真空罐成型或树脂转移成型方法中的一种或多种将聚氨酯树脂与芳纶织物进行复合。
本发明的一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，具有良好的抗穿刺与抗冲击性能，同时该复合材料具备较好的可弯折性，适用于作为地下电缆管道的外保护层，降低了非破坏性开挖铺设时的难度，同时可应对各类外力破坏的情况以保护内部电缆线路的完整。
具体实施方式
为了能更好地对本发明的技术方案进行理解，下面通过具体地实施例进行详细地说明：
本发明的一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，包括硬质聚丙烯外层以及浸渍了剪切增稠液的芳纶织物芯层。其生产工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤1，将芳纶织物按需求裁剪成合适的尺寸，在辊式开炼机上进行往复运动，织物运动时从上方向其缓慢倾倒配制的剪切增稠液，并利用开炼机两辊间的挤压力使剪切增稠液浸润于芳纶织物中。待芳纶织物表面均匀分布有剪切增稠液后，撤去挤压力并将芳纶于室温下自然干燥12h，称量芳纶在浸渍前后的质量并计算浸渍率。挤压工艺的挤压辊挤压力控制为1-3bar，挤压浸渍时间为20min，浸渍后干燥时间为12h，干燥温度为25℃。
步骤2，使用手糊法、模压法或真空罐成型、树脂转移成型方法中的一种或多种将聚氨酯树脂与芳纶织物进行复合，聚氨酯以聚四氢呋喃和聚二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯作为原料，按1:1摩尔比投料合成聚氨酯预聚物。聚氨酯预聚反应温度为70-80℃，反应时间为10-30min。芳纶织物芯层的芳纶织物层数为2-10层，浸渍芳纶织物的聚氨酯与芳纶织物的质量比为1:1-1:3。可将未固化的聚氨酯预聚物涂覆在单层芳纶织物布的两面，调整芳纶布的铺层方式为正交堆叠(呈90°)或斜交堆叠(呈45°)。将芳纶织物缠绕在内层的聚丙烯管上，再利用模具夹紧，升温固化。或将聚氨酯预聚物连同固化剂一同注入含多层芳纶织物的模具中再进行升温固化，固化温度为70-80℃。
步骤3，在芯层固化完全后，在外层浇注聚丙烯，冷却成型。最终形成复合材料中硬质聚丙烯外层厚度为2-5mm，芳纶织物芯层厚度为1-10mm。
本技术领域中的普通技术人员应当认识到，以上的实施例仅是用来说明本发明，而并非用作为对本发明的限定，只要在本发明的实质精神范围内，对以上所述实施例的变化、变型都将落在本发明的权利要求书范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，包括硬质聚丙烯外层，其特征在于，还包括浸渍了剪切增稠液的芳纶织物芯层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料，其特征在于，硬质聚丙烯外层厚度为2-5mm，芳纶织物芯层厚度为1-10mm。
3.生产上述聚丙烯、剪切增稠液浸渍芳纶复合材料的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述芳纶织物芯层的芳纶织物与剪切增稠液通过挤压浸渍的方式进行结合，浸渍时，将芳纶织物裁成等宽的长条状样品，在辊式开炼机中进行剪切增稠液的浸渍。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种生产工艺，其特征在于，挤压工艺的挤压辊挤压力控制为1-3bar，挤压浸渍时间为20min，浸渍后干燥时间为12h，干燥温度为25℃。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种生产工艺，其特征在于，所述剪切增稠液采用聚氨酯作为树脂基体，所述聚氨酯以聚四氢呋喃和聚二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯作为原料，按1:1摩尔比投料合成聚氨酯预聚物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种生产工艺，其特征在于，聚氨酯预聚反应温度为70-80℃，反应时间为10-30min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种生产工艺，其特征在于，浸渍芳纶织物与聚氨酯浸渍复合后，在热压机中进一步固化，固化温度为70-80℃。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种生产工艺，其特征在于，芳纶织物芯层的芳纶织物的间堆叠方式为90°正交堆叠或45°斜交堆叠，芳纶织物层数为2-10层。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种生产工艺，其特征在于，使用手糊法、模压法、真空罐成型或树脂转移成型方法中的一种或多种将聚氨酯树脂与芳纶织物进行复合。
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