CN1131295C - Special apparatus for preparing gasoline and diesel oil with waste plastics - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a special apparatus for preparing gasoline and diesel oil by waste plastics. The special apparatus comprises a reciprocating push type material feeding mechanism, wherein one end of the reciprocating push type material feeding mechanism is orderly provided with a material storage cylinder, a compression section in the shape of a conical cylinder, a sealing section, a melting chamber, a cracking vaporizing chamber and a reaction tower. Heating zones at the middle part and the lower part of the reciprocating push type material feeding mechanism are provided with heaters, and the lower end is provided with a grinding slag discharge mechanism. A partition board is arranged between the melting chamber and the cracking vaporizing chamber so that the melting chamber and the cracking vaporizing chamber are communicated and are also divided into two corresponding independent mould cavities, and the heating zones of the melting chamber and the cracking vaporizing chamber are respectively provided with heaters. The special apparatus has the advantages of conversion rate enhancement, high product grade, working condition improvement, technology simplification, cost reduction, etc., and is a preferred apparatus for preparing the production line of gasoline and diesel oil by waste plastics.

Description

The isolated plant for preparing vapour, diesel oil with waste plastic

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective equipment, particularly prepare the isolated plant of vapour, diesel oil with waste plastic.Be to be preferred unit in feedstock production vapour, the diesel production line with expanded plastic in plastic waste such as woven bag, packing bag, mulch film, disposable foamed plastic tableware and the filling and packing case etc.

Background technology

No matter plastics are in the industrial or agricultural in modern times and the people's daily life, have all brought into play its powerful vitality, and have become irreplaceable inexpensive product in some aspects.Yet Just because of this, its waste also just has been infested with, be full of the refuse tip such as disposable lunch-box, foaming plastic block, the plastics bag ballooning is seen everywhere, and what have also hangs over the end of the branch, and the mulch film relic in the farmland is scattered in the field and spreads all over the place, cause environmental pollution, big public hazards of society have been become, because environmental pollution that plastics can not natural degradation brings and havoc to soil, water source are the long-term puzzlement mankind's a great problems.Under the situation of having no way out, the treatment process of rudimentary forms such as people have adopted and buried, burning, but find can cause serious secondary pollution again in the burning process.For these reasons, how to turn waste into wealth, plastic refuse is carried out after the cracking repolymerization produce vapour, a little wet goods renewable energy resources, become the focus that each developed country's scientists of the world is in recent years paid close attention to.However, up to the present still find no the report that makes a breakthrough.Recognize that by the relevant personnel China and Korea S have obtained preliminary achievement in this respect, although have also at present that the rate of recovery is low, product grade is not high, technical process is complicated, loaded down with trivial details, many drawbacks such as production cost height.But this is to step a gratifying step towards developing direction after all.So there is described shortcoming according to one's analysis, be because people are subjected to be engaged in for a long time a certain field and produce, the force of habit of research and the constraint of traditional thought, therefore, although noticed the raw material composition, there is the variation in form and source thereof and causes respective change each equipment in its treatment process and the production line, but owing to the designer under the influence of described reason, just certain equipment in certain processing step in the conventional production lines is done local little improvement, basically do not break away from the principle of work and the structure configuration of conventional apparatus, still continue to use the pusher hinge dragon of tradition, and for example melting chamber as feeding, cracking room does not separate or the like to cause expose many parts that complies with one's wishes not to the utmost in production practice.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of characteristics that are suitable for the waste plastic material, improve operating mode and simplify technology, improve transformation efficiency, of high grade, reduce cost, the structure configuration rationally, install change part easy to maintenance prepare the isolated plant of vapour, diesel oil with waste plastic.

The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions, it comprises reciprocal pusher material feed mechanism, the one end is provided with the reaction tower that holding bin, cone barrel compression section, seal section, melting chamber, cracking vaporizing chamber and bottom are the inverted-cone shape cylindrical shell successively, in the reaction tower, the heating zone of bottom is provided with well heater, the lower end is provided with pulverizes slagging device; Be provided with dividing plate between described melting chamber and the cracking vaporizing chamber, both are not only communicated but also be divided into two relatively independent die cavities, be respectively equipped with well heater in the heating zone of melting chamber and cracking vaporizing chamber.

Described reciprocal pusher material feed mechanism is made up of hydro-cylinder and the pusher slide block of being located at tailpiece of the piston rod.

Be laid with zig-zag ring-type damping slot on the inwall of described seal section vertically, feed end radially is provided with one at least along circumference, and the working end has the screens hydro-cylinder of voussoir, is provided with watercooling jacket in the outside with the abutting end of melting chamber.

Make the bottom of described cracking vaporizing chamber has high spud angle, is the structure formation of long round section.

Described well heater is the separate assembling heating plate of gradable independent regulation and control.

The described slagging device that pulverizes comprises transmission rig, conical gear on its output terminal is meshed with large bevel gear on being packed in vertical shaft, eccentric platform awl dish is contained in the vertical shaft upper end, and the hydro-cylinder of control slag-drip opening is located at vertical shaft bottom, and the lower end is provided with the hydro-cylinder of the fan-shaped deslagging gate of control; Upper and lower bearing and broken section barrel outside at vertical shaft are equipped with watercooling jacket.

The present invention compared with prior art, because the planner had broken both at home and abroad in the similar in the past production line the composition of the legacy equipment in the production links such as raw material transmission, fusing, cracking, the limitation of structure, and design at the specified conditions that have morphological specificity and be in " rubbish " state of plastic refuse fully.Under the guidance of foregoing invention thought, adopt reciprocal pusher material feed mechanism, cone barrel compression section, seal section to realize sealing with compressed material self, prevent that cracked oil gas is oppositely excessive, melting chamber and cracking room separate with dividing plate but the well heater of the high spud angle that is beneficial to independent temperature control and cracking room bottom of communicating with each other, separate assembling that classification is independently regulated and control guaranteeing that the heating zone is in a series of technical measures such as optimum condition all the time, and through evidence have operation normal, simplified production technique improve operating mode, improved transformation efficiency.The product grade height, be significantly reduced to this, install and to change part, easy to maintenance and pollute advantages such as little, have remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit simultaneously.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a main sectional structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a charging PF cylinder pressure and the hydraulic scheme of screens hydro-cylinder radially.

Fig. 3 is the hydraulic scheme of the control hydro-cylinder of the control hydro-cylinder of slag-drip opening and fan-shaped deslagging gate.

Embodiment

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, pusher slide block 4 places a side of holding bin 2, one end of pusher slide block 4 links to each other with pusher hydro-cylinder 3, holding bin 2 tops are provided with vertically-guided tube, charging impeller 1, and the opposite side of holding bin 2 joins with cone barrel compression section 5, seal section 6, melting chamber 8, dividing plate 9, cracking vaporizing chamber 10 and reaction tower 13 successively; Be laid with zig-zag ring-type damping slot on the inwall of described seal section 6 vertically, feed end radially is provided with the screens hydro-cylinder 7 that a working end has voussoir at least along circumference, and be provided with watercooling jacket 21 with melting chamber 8 abutting ends, at melting chamber 8, be respectively equipped with well heater 11 in the heating zone scope of cracking vaporizing chamber 10 and reaction tower 13,12,19,20, described well heater 11,12,19, the 20th, the separate assembling heating plate that classification is independently regulated and control, described dividing plate 9 not only is divided into two relatively independent die cavities to melting chamber 8 and cracking vaporizing chamber 10 but also communicates with each other, this is beneficial to independent temperature control, the bottom of cracking vaporizing chamber 10 makes its cross section of high spud angle and is oblong structure formation, it is abundant that this both had been beneficial to cracking, is beneficial to the lime-ash of fusing after the cracking again and lets out to the bottom of reaction tower 13 down voluntarily.The upper end of reaction tower 13 links to each other with water distilling apparatus in the production line, the lower end is provided with pulverizes slagging device it comprises the transmission rig 15 that is made of electric motor, speed reduction unit, conical gear, conical gear is meshed with large bevel gear on being packed in vertical shaft, eccentric platform awl dish 14 is contained in the vertical shaft upper end, the hydro-cylinder 16 of control slag-drip opening is located at the vertical shaft lower end, bottom is provided with the hydro-cylinder 18 of the fan-shaped deslagging gate 17 of control, is equipped with water jacket 21 outside the barrel of the upper and lower bearing of vertical shaft and broken section.Each action interlock program of the present invention, HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM and each position temperature control all adopt PLC to implement programming Control and adaptive control.

When the present invention uses, after plastic refuse is removed metallic impurity, by rotary conveyor material, catalyzer are sent into charging impeller 1 in the vertically-guided tube enters holding bin 2,3 work of pusher hydro-cylinder, drive pusher slide block 4 in the 5 indentation sealing sections 6 of the process of the bulk materials in the holding bin 2 cone barrel compression section, radially screens hydro-cylinder 7 work when returning pusher slide block 4, the voussoir of its front end inwardly stretches out with the material bounce-back that prevents to be compacted from all around and withdraws from the opposite direction, realize the sealing of material inlet, it is oppositely excessive to stop oil gas.Its material enters melting chamber 8, cracking vaporizing chamber 10 successively, and cracking vaporization back enters the further cracking vaporization in bottom of reaction tower 13 along the inclined-plane as if the salvage stores that has fully cracking to vaporize, lime-ash etc.Hydro-cylinder 16 work of control cinder notch are stretched out when needing deslagging, the slag-drip opening of reaction tower 13 is closed the hydro-cylinder 18 of then controlling fan-shaped deslagging gate 17 and is regained, fan-shaped deslagging gate 17 is opened, the lime-ash entrucking, the finish hydro-cylinder 18 of the fan-shaped deslagging gate 17 of control of deslagging stretches out fan-shaped deslagging gate 17 and closes, the hydro-cylinder 16 of meanwhile controlling slag-drip opening withdraws from, the slag-drip opening of reaction tower 13 is opened, transmission rig 15 work, eccentric platform awl dish 14 rotates, if any bigger solid particle shape impurity, rotation change by eccentric platform awl dish 14 is pulverized solid particle impurity with its barrel gap, makes the certain thickness deposition slag blanket of the bottom deposit seal strip of reaction tower 13, to guarantee that reaction tower 13 is under air-proof condition, the solid lime-ash that the discharge of safety generates is successively finished a working cycle.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of isolated plant for preparing vapour, diesel oil with waste plastic, it is characterized in that it comprises reciprocal pusher material feed mechanism, the one end is provided with the reaction tower (13) that holding bin (2), cone barrel compression section (5), seal section (6), melting chamber (8), cracking vaporizing chamber (10) and bottom are the inverted-cone shape cylindrical shell successively, in the reaction tower (13), the heating zone of bottom is provided with well heater (19), (20), the lower end is provided with pulverizes slagging device; Be provided with dividing plate (9) between described melting chamber (8) and the cracking vaporizing chamber (10) both were both communicated, be divided into two relatively independent die cavities again, be respectively equipped with well heater (11), (12) in the heating zone of melting chamber (8) and cracking vaporizing chamber (10); Be laid with zig-zag ring-type damping slot on the inwall of described seal section (6) vertically, the feed end of seal section (6) radially is provided with the screens hydro-cylinder (7) that a working end has voussoir at least along circumference, and seal section (6) is provided with watercooling jacket (21) with the outside of the abutting end of melting chamber (8); The bottom of described cracking vaporizing chamber (10) is made the cross section with high spud angle and is oblong structure formation; The described slagging device that pulverizes comprises transmission rig (15), conical gear on its output terminal and the large bevel gear engagement that is packed on the vertical shaft, eccentric platform awl dish (14) is contained in the vertical shaft upper end, the hydro-cylinder (16) of control slag-drip opening is located at vertical shaft bottom, and the lower end is provided with the hydro-cylinder (18) of the fan-shaped deslagging gate of control (17); Upper and lower bearing and broken section barrel outside at vertical shaft are equipped with watercooling jacket.

2, isolated plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that described reciprocal pusher material feed mechanism is made up of hydro-cylinder (3) and the pusher slide block (4) of being located at tailpiece of the piston rod.

3, isolated plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that described well heater (11), (12), (19), (20) are the separate assembling heating plates of gradable independent regulation and control.

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