CN113123762A - Fracturing method for coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well - Google Patents
Fracturing method for coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN113123762A CN113123762A CN202010046295.1A CN202010046295A CN113123762A CN 113123762 A CN113123762 A CN 113123762A CN 202010046295 A CN202010046295 A CN 202010046295A CN 113123762 A CN113123762 A CN 113123762A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of coal bed gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well fracturing method. According to the method, the packer is used for sealing each branch well of the multi-branch horizontal well, the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well is opened before each branch well is fractured, and the current branch well is fractured after the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well is opened, so that the branch wells in the multi-branch horizontal well can be fractured one by one, multiple coal bed fractures can be formed in the branch wells, and the yield of the coal bed gas horizontal well can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of coal bed gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well fracturing method.
Background
China has rich coal bed gas resources, but the yield of a single coal bed gas well is low, the exploitation amount of the coal bed gas is far lower than the expected target, and the technical problem is one of important factors for restricting the actual production capacity of the coal bed gas.
The coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well is a well group with a plurality of horizontal branch well bores which are respectively sidetracked at different positions on two sides of a main well bore of the coal bed gas horizontal well. At present, in the related technology, a multi-branch horizontal well mostly adopts an open hole completion mode, but the mode easily causes branch well bores to collapse and coal dust to be produced, so that a seepage channel is not smooth, and the high yield target is not easy to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the application provides a fracturing method for a coal bed methane multi-branch horizontal well, so as to improve the yield of the coal bed methane multi-branch horizontal well. The technical scheme is as follows:
the fracturing method of the coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well is applied to the coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well and comprises the following steps:
utilizing a packer to seal each branch well hole of the multi-branch horizontal well;
before fracturing each branch well, opening a constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well;
and fracturing the current branch well after opening the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well.
In one possible implementation, prior to isolating each lateral wellbore of the multi-lateral horizontal well with a packer, the method further comprises:
carrying out pressure test on a ground pipeline, wherein the ground pipeline comprises a circulating pipeline and a blowout pipeline;
pumping high-pressure fluid into the sleeve after the ground pipeline is qualified in pressure test;
and when the pressure in the casing pipe reaches the pressure stabilizing requirement of the packer, the packer is used for packing each branch well hole of the multi-branch horizontal well.
In one possible implementation, the packer for packing each lateral borehole of the multi-lateral horizontal well comprises: packers are used in the casing to seal off each lateral borehole of a multilateral horizontal well.
In one possible implementation, the opening of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well bore comprises:
and opening the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole in a pressurizing mode into the casing.
In one possible implementation, the opening of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole by pressurizing the casing comprises:
firstly, a bat with the size corresponding to that of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve is thrown into the casing through a wellhead ball injector, and then the casing is pressurized to open the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well.
In one possible implementation, the opening of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current lateral borehole by pressurizing the casing further comprises:
and the ball bat is used for shearing the fracturing shear pin to open the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole in a manner of pressurizing the casing.
In one possible implementation, after fracturing all lateral wellbores of the multilateral horizontal well is completed, the method further comprises: and after the pump is stopped for a preset time, carrying out open flow operation.
In one possible implementation, after the blowing operation is completed, the method further includes:
and unsealing the corresponding packer of each branch well hole.
In one possible implementation, after fracturing all lateral wellbores of the multilateral horizontal well is completed, the method further comprises:
and (5) carrying out sand washing and well washing on each branch well hole which is fractured.
In one possible implementation, fracturing the current lateral wellbore comprises:
and filling consolidation propping agents into the coal seam fractures formed by fracturing so as to reinforce the well wall of the multi-branch horizontal well.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise: the packer is used for sealing each branch well of the multi-branch horizontal well, the constant pressure sliding sleeves corresponding to the current branch wells are opened before fracturing each branch well, after the constant pressure sliding sleeves corresponding to the current branch wells are opened, fracturing can be performed on the current branch wells one by one, multiple coal seam fractures can be formed in the branch wells, and therefore the yield of the coal seam gas multi-branch horizontal well can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of fracturing a coal bed methane multi-lateral horizontal well according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for fracturing a coal bed methane multi-branch horizontal well according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the related art, the multi-branch horizontal well mostly adopts an open hole completion mode, but the mode easily causes branch well bores to collapse and coal dust to be produced, so that a seepage channel is not smooth, and the high yield target is not easy to achieve. Therefore, a method for fracturing a coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well, which can improve the yield of the coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well, is needed at present.
A first embodiment of the present application provides a fracturing method for a coal bed methane multi-branch horizontal well, as shown in fig. 1, the method is applied to the coal bed methane multi-branch horizontal well, and the method includes:
and step S101, utilizing a packer to seal each branch well hole of the multi-branch horizontal well.
And S102, before fracturing each branch well, opening a constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well.
And S103, fracturing the current branch well after the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well is opened.
In one possible implementation, prior to isolating each lateral wellbore of the multi-lateral horizontal well with a packer, the method further comprises:
carrying out pressure test on a ground pipeline, wherein the ground pipeline comprises a circulating pipeline and a blowout pipeline;
pumping high-pressure fluid into the sleeve after the ground pipeline is qualified in pressure test;
and when the pressure in the casing pipe reaches the pressure stabilizing requirement of the packer, the packer is used for packing each branch well hole of the multi-branch horizontal well.
In one possible implementation, the packer for packing each lateral borehole of the multi-lateral horizontal well comprises: packers are used in the casing to seal off each lateral borehole of a multilateral horizontal well.
In one possible implementation, the opening of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well bore comprises:
and opening the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole in a pressurizing mode into the casing.
In one possible implementation, the opening of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole by pressurizing the casing comprises:
firstly, a bat with the size corresponding to that of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve is thrown into the casing through a wellhead ball injector, and then the casing is pressurized to open the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well.
In one possible implementation, the opening of the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current lateral borehole by pressurizing the casing further comprises:
and the ball bat is used for shearing the fracturing shear pin to open the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole in a manner of pressurizing the casing.
In one possible implementation, after fracturing all lateral wellbores of the multilateral horizontal well is completed, the method further comprises: and after the pump is stopped for a preset time, carrying out open flow operation.
In one possible implementation, after the blowing operation is completed, the method further includes:
and unsealing the corresponding packer of each branch well hole.
In one possible implementation, after fracturing all lateral wellbores of the multilateral horizontal well is completed, the method further comprises:
and (5) carrying out sand washing and well washing on each branch well hole which is fractured.
In one possible implementation, fracturing the current lateral wellbore comprises:
and filling consolidation propping agents into the coal seam fractures formed by fracturing so as to reinforce the well wall of the multi-branch horizontal well.
The fracturing method of the coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well comprises the steps of sealing each branch well of the multi-branch horizontal well by utilizing a packer, opening a constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well before fracturing each branch well, fracturing the current branch well after opening the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well, achieving one-by-one fracturing of each branch well in the multi-branch horizontal well, and forming a plurality of coal bed cracks in the branch well, so that the yield of the coal bed gas horizontal well can be improved.
A second embodiment of the present application provides a fracturing method for a coal bed methane multi-branch horizontal well, as shown in fig. 2, the method is applied to the coal bed methane multi-branch horizontal well, and the method includes:
and step S201, drifting, scraping and washing.
Before fracturing a horizontal well, in order to smoothly and underground enter various underground equipment, the horizontal well can be pretreated, namely, a drifting gauge is firstly utilized to drift the well, and whether a shaft of a multi-branch horizontal well can smoothly and underground enter an underground tool is detected; then, scraping the inner wall of the sleeve by using a pipe column with a scraper, and removing impurities such as cement, salt scale and the like on the inner wall of the sleeve, thereby removing obstacles for smoothly putting a downhole tool; and then, injecting a well flushing medium into the well bore of the multi-branch horizontal well by using a pumping device, and carrying impurities in the well bore to the ground by circulating well flushing. It should be noted that the drift size used for drifting, the scraper size used for scraping, and the specific type of well-flushing medium used for flushing can all be selected according to actual needs.
In addition, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, after the multi-branch horizontal well is pretreated, before the multi-branch horizontal well is fractured, preparation work such as installation and debugging of various fracturing equipment and tools is required to be completed.
In order to ensure that the fracturing construction can normally run and improve the fracturing efficiency, all procedures of the fracturing construction can continuously run in the fracturing construction process, namely all pipeline devices used in the fracturing construction continuously run all the time. In order to ensure that each pipeline device can stably run during fracturing construction and the problems of looseness, liquid leakage and the like can not occur, the ground pipelines can be firstly subjected to pressure testing on the ground before the multi-branch horizontal well is fractured, and the multi-branch horizontal well is fractured after the pressure testing of various ground pipelines is qualified. The surface pipeline can comprise a circulating pipeline, a blowout pipeline and the like.
And S202, utilizing a packer to seal each branch well of the multi-branch horizontal well.
After the pressure tests of all the surface pipelines are qualified, high-pressure liquid (clear water or oil-removing sewage and the like) can be slowly injected into the casing by using a pump truck, so that the pressure is generated in the multi-branch horizontal well. And when the pressure in the sleeve reaches the packer pressure stabilization requirement, performing pressure stabilization to complete setting of the packer. Because the depth of each branch well in the multi-branch horizontal well is different, when the packer is used for packing each branch well, the packer can be upwards set step by step from the bottom of the multi-branch horizontal well, so that each branch well is packed, namely each branch well hole can correspond to one packer, and a branch well hole can be packed between any two adjacent packers in the casing. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is possible to set the packer below the lateral wellbore, or alternatively, to set the packer above each lateral wellbore. In order to further ensure the construction safety, after the packer is set, whether the sealing performance of the packer meets the construction requirement can be checked, and the next operation is carried out on the premise that the sealing performance of the packer meets the construction requirement.
And S203, before fracturing each branch well, opening a constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well.
Since each branch wellbore is sealed in step S202, when each branch wellbore needs to be fractured, each branch wellbore can be sequentially fractured from top to bottom, that is, the branch wellbore closest to the wellhead can be fractured first, and then the next branch wellbore is fractured after the fracturing of the branch wellbore closest to the wellhead is completed.
When the packer is set above each branch well hole, when the branch well hole closest to the wellhead is fractured, the constant pressure sliding sleeve above the branch well hole can be opened firstly, and then the branch well hole is fractured. After fracturing the branch well hole is completed, the constant pressure sliding sleeve above the next branch well hole can be opened again, and then fracturing is carried out on the next branch well hole. When the packer is set below each lateral, the lateral closest to the wellhead can be fractured directly. After fracturing the branch well hole is completed, the constant pressure sliding sleeve below the branch well hole can be opened, and then the next branch well hole is fractured.
In a possible implementation manner, a constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to a branch well needing fracturing currently can be opened by pressurizing the casing. For example, the sliding sleeve ruler can be firstly put into the casing pipe through a wellhead ball injector and is subjected to constant pressureAnd (3) the corresponding bat is sized, and then the high-pressure fluid is pumped into the casing to pressurize the casing, so that the bat entering the casing shears the fracturing shear pin, and the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the branch well bore needing fracturing at present is opened. Wherein the specific manner of putting the bat into the casing through the wellhead ball injector may be to have fluid carry the bat into the casing. In addition, when putting the bat into the casing, 0.5m may be used to avoid the bat damaging the casing wall3/min～1.0m3The bat was slowly dropped into the sleeve at a speed of/min.
And S204, fracturing the current branch well after the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well is opened.
It should be noted that when the packer is set below each branch well, the branch well closest to the wellhead can be directly fractured, so that the branch well closest to the wellhead does not have a corresponding constant pressure sliding sleeve. And no matter the packer is set above each branch well hole or below each branch well hole, the constant pressure sliding sleeves corresponding to other branch well holes are the constant pressure sliding sleeves above the constant pressure sliding sleeves. After the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole is opened, the branch well hole can be fractured. Wherein, the current branch wellbore refers to a wellbore that currently needs to be fractured.
In one possible implementation, the specific method of fracturing each branch wellbore may be: after the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole is opened, the sand-carrying liquid is continuously pumped into the casing, so that the sand-carrying liquid extrudes the coal bed corresponding to the branch well hole, and the fracturing of the branch well hole is realized. The sand-carrying liquid can be prepared from a propping agent and clear water according to a certain volume ratio (such as 1:5 or 1: 4), and the propping agent can be ceramsite, quartz sand or consolidation propping agent. In addition, when the volume of the sand-carrying fluid pumped into the casing reaches a preset threshold value or the sand-carrying fluid is pumped into the casing according to a certain displacement for a preset time, the fracturing of the current multi-branch horizontal well can be considered to be completed.
After fracturing of all the well bores of the multi-branch horizontal well is completed, the pump can be stopped for a period of time to observe real-time change of underground pressure, and open flow operation is carried out after the coal seam fracture formed by fracturing is judged and determined not to be closed. The pump stopping time period can be preset, for example, 30min or 40min of pump stopping can be set in advance.
After the blowout operation is completed, the packer corresponding to each branch well bore can be unsealed, and then the next operation is carried out. After fracturing each lateral, a large amount of proppant may remain in the casing and lateral, and to prevent the proppant from plugging the lateral during production, each lateral that has completed fracturing may be sand washed to wash out the remaining proppant in the casing and lateral to the surface. In addition, after the casing and the propping agents remained in the branch well bores are filled into the coal seam cracks, the propping agents in the coal seam cracks can also play a certain supporting role on the coal seam cracks so as to reinforce the well wall of the multi-branch horizontal well and prevent the coal seam cracks from being closed.
In one possible implementation, the surface of the consolidated proppant may have a coating film made of organic matter (such as phenolic resin), and the coating film may make the consolidated proppant, after entering the coal seam fracture, consolidate the surfaces of the consolidated proppant to form a stable support strip in the liquid environment of the sand-carrying fluid, so as to prevent the coal seam fracture from closing and collapsing as much as possible. In addition, the surface of the consolidated propping agent can be used for cementing coal and rock fragments appearing in the coal seam cracks, so that the coal and rock fragments are prevented from being embedded into the gaps among the consolidated propping agents to block the coal seam cracks.
According to the fracturing method of the coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well, the packer is used for sealing each branch well of the multi-branch horizontal well, the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well is opened before each branch well is fractured, and after the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well is opened, the current branch well is fractured, so that the branch wells in the multi-branch horizontal well can be fractured one by one, multiple coal bed fractures can be formed in the branch wells, and the yield of the coal bed gas horizontal well can be improved.
In the fracturing process of all branch well bores of the multi-branch horizontal well, the consolidation propping agent is filled into the coal seam fractures formed by fracturing, so that the consolidation propping agent is consolidated in the coal seam fractures to form stable support strips, the coal seam fractures can be prevented from being closed and collapsed, coal rock fragments appearing in the coal seam fractures can be cemented on the surface of the consolidation propping agent, the coal rock fragments are prevented from being embedded into gaps among the consolidation propping agents to block the coal seam fractures, and the desorption area of the coal seam and the seepage capacity of the coal seam fractures are greatly increased.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A fracturing method of a coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well is characterized by being applied to the coal bed gas multi-branch horizontal well and comprising the following steps:
utilizing a packer to seal each branch well hole of the multi-branch horizontal well;
before fracturing each branch well, opening a constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well;
and fracturing the current branch well after the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well is opened.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said packer isolating each lateral wellbore of a multi-lateral horizontal well, the method further comprises:
carrying out pressure test on a ground pipeline, wherein the ground pipeline comprises a circulating pipeline and a blowout pipeline;
pumping high-pressure fluid into the sleeve after the ground pipeline is qualified in pressure test;
and when the pressure in the casing pipe reaches the packer pressure stabilizing requirement, using the packer to seal each branch well hole of the multi-branch horizontal well.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the packer for isolating each lateral wellbore of the multi-lateral horizontal well comprises:
and utilizing the packer to seal each branch borehole of the multi-branch horizontal well in a casing.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the opening of the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch wellbore comprises:
and opening the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole in a pressurizing mode into the casing.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the opening of the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well bore by pressurizing into the casing comprises:
firstly, a bat with the size corresponding to the size of the constant pressure sliding sleeve is thrown into the casing through a wellhead ball injector, and then the casing is pressurized to open the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the opening of the constant pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well bore by pressurizing into the casing further comprises:
and cutting the fracturing shear pin by the bat in a manner of pressurizing the casing so as to open the constant-pressure sliding sleeve corresponding to the current branch well hole.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein after fracturing all lateral wellbores of a multilateral horizontal well is complete, the method further comprises:
and after the pump is stopped for a preset time, carrying out open flow operation.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein after the blowout operation is completed, the method further comprises:
and unsealing the corresponding packer of each branch well hole.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein after fracturing all lateral wellbores of a multilateral horizontal well is complete, the method further comprises:
and (5) carrying out sand washing and well washing on each branch well hole which is fractured.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the fracturing the current lateral wellbore comprises:
and filling consolidation propping agents into the coal seam fractures formed by fracturing so as to reinforce the well wall of the multi-branch horizontal well.
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Cited By (1)
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