CN113123132A - 一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，包括将羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，超声搅拌溶解后，将无纺布浸入到该溶液中并升温至60～70℃浸泡4～8h，捞出晾干；将壳聚糖、万古霉素加入到体积比为1.5:1的无水乙醇和去离子水混合溶液中，搅拌10～15min后将步骤S1中的无纺布浸入到该溶液中，摇荡20～35min后静置1.5～3h，捞出晾干；将步骤S2中得到的无纺布再次浸泡入多巴胺的去离子水溶液中，然后滴加Tris‑HCl缓冲液，在无纺布表面形成包覆聚多巴胺层，得到聚多巴胺包覆的无纺布；将步骤S3中得到的无纺布加入到季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸的蒸馏水溶液中，摇荡3～6h使其表面进行酯化反应，捞出晾干得到所述无纺布。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无纺布制备技术领域，具体涉及一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布是柔性材料生产系统中的一个技术含量高，市场需求面广，涉及范围宽的现代材料产业，以惊人的速度在发展，被誉为纺织界的“朝阳产业”。尽管不同工艺生产出的无纺布在改善卫生环境，方便使用方面有优越的效果。但人类皮肤及衣服都是细菌滋生的场所，这些细菌以汗水中的尿素等人体排泄物为营养源，不断进行繁殖，同时排放出具有臭味很浓的氨，即影响人们的健康又不卫生。抗菌无纺布是卫生、医疗领域广泛应用的无纺布产品，通常采用涤纶、丙纶、锦纶、氨纶、腈纶等材料制备而成。
腈纶纤维的主要成分是聚丙烯腈，聚丙烯腈纤维具有许多优良的特性，凭借其纤维柔软，保暖性好的特征，享有“合成羊毛”之称；另外聚丙烯腈纤维具有优异的耐光性、耐腐蚀性、耐辐射性和耐有机溶剂性，适宜应用在无纺布生产领域。金属离子抗菌剂的抗菌机理是通过金属离子接触反应来实现的：当带正电荷的金属离子与微生物中带负电荷的细胞膜接触时，两者之间会产生库仑引力，金属离子可以穿透细胞膜进入到细菌内部与细菌体内蛋白质上的氨基或者巯基发生反应，破坏细胞蛋白质结构，造成微生物死亡或丧失分裂增殖能力。其中抗菌效果较好的是银离子抗菌剂。但是现有的负载银的抗菌无纺布耐洗性较差，在经过多次清洗后，银纳米颗粒会出现脱落，从而会导致该抗菌无纺布的抗菌性能大幅下降，大大限制了这种抗菌无纺布的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1：将羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，超声搅拌溶解后，将无纺布浸入到该溶液中并升温至60～70℃浸泡4～8h，捞出晾干。
S2：将壳聚糖、万古霉素加入到体积比为1.5:1的无水乙醇和去离子水混合溶液中，搅拌10～15min后将步骤S1中的无纺布浸入到该溶液中，摇荡20～35min后静置1.5～3h，捞出晾干。
S3：将步骤S2中得到的无纺布再次浸泡入多巴胺的去离子水溶液中，然后滴加Tris-HCl缓冲液，在无纺布表面形成包覆聚多巴胺层，得到聚多巴胺包覆的无纺布。
S4：将步骤S3中得到的无纺布加入到季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸的蒸馏水溶液中，摇荡3～6h使其表面进行接枝，捞出晾干得到所述无纺布。
进一步地，所述步骤S1中羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇和去离子水的质量比为(2.3～3.5):(4.2～5.4):(18～30)。
进一步地，所述步骤S2中壳聚糖、万古霉素和混合溶液的质量体积比为(2.5～4.2)g:(1.22～1.67)g:(16～28)mL。
进一步地，所述步骤S3中多巴胺的去离子水溶液的质量百分比溶度为22％～30％。
进一步地，所述步骤S4中季铵化壳聚糖、鞣花酸和蒸馏水的质量体积比为(1.86～2.43)g:(0.66～0.94)g:(20～34)mL。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：本发明中，首先采用聚乙二醇和羟丙基纤维素在一定温度下在无纺布表面进行造孔，使得无纺布表面纤维粗糙有孔，然后浸泡在壳聚糖、万古霉素溶液中，使得以上两种物质包覆在无纺布粗糙表面上，其中万古霉素具有优异的抗菌效果；进一步使用多巴胺包覆在无纺布表面，在截止局有抗菌效果的季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸，最后得到的无纺布具有优异长效的抗菌性能。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例作具体详细的说明，本实施例在本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1：将羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，超声搅拌溶解后，将无纺布浸入到该溶液中并升温至60℃浸泡4h，捞出晾干；其中羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇和去离子水的质量比为2.3:4.2:18。
S2：将壳聚糖、万古霉素加入到体积比为1.5:1的无水乙醇和去离子水混合溶液中，搅拌10min后将步骤S1中的无纺布浸入到该溶液中，摇荡20～35min后静置1.5h，捞出晾干；其中壳聚糖、万古霉素和混合溶液的质量体积比为2.5g:1.22g:16mL。
S3：将步骤S2中得到的无纺布再次浸泡入多巴胺的去离子水溶液中，然后滴加Tris-HCl缓冲液，在无纺布表面形成包覆聚多巴胺层，得到聚多巴胺包覆的无纺布；其中多巴胺的去离子水溶液的质量百分比溶度为22％。
S4：将步骤S3中得到的无纺布加入到季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸的蒸馏水溶液中，摇荡3h使其表面进行接枝，捞出晾干得到所述无纺布；其中季铵化壳聚糖、鞣花酸和蒸馏水的质量体积比为1.86g:0.66g:20mL。
实施例2
一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1：将羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，超声搅拌溶解后，将无纺布浸入到该溶液中并升温至70℃浸泡8h，捞出晾干；其中羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇和去离子水的质量比为3.5:5.4:30。
S2：将壳聚糖、万古霉素加入到体积比为1.5:1的无水乙醇和去离子水混合溶液中，搅拌10～15min后将步骤S1中的无纺布浸入到该溶液中，摇荡35min后静置1.5～3h，捞出晾干；其中壳聚糖、万古霉素和混合溶液的质量体积比为4.2g:1.67g:28mL。
S3：将步骤S2中得到的无纺布再次浸泡入多巴胺的去离子水溶液中，然后滴加Tris-HCl缓冲液，在无纺布表面形成包覆聚多巴胺层，得到聚多巴胺包覆的无纺布；其中多巴胺的去离子水溶液的质量百分比溶度为30％。
S4：将步骤S3中得到的无纺布加入到季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸的蒸馏水溶液中，摇荡6h使其表面进行接枝，捞出晾干得到所述无纺布；其中季铵化壳聚糖、鞣花酸和蒸馏水的质量体积比为2.43g:0.94g:34mL。
实施例3
一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1：将羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，超声搅拌溶解后，将无纺布浸入到该溶液中并升温至65℃浸泡6h，捞出晾干；其中羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇和去离子水的质量比为2.8:4.7:22。
S2：将壳聚糖、万古霉素加入到体积比为1.5:1的无水乙醇和去离子水混合溶液中，搅拌12min后将步骤S1中的无纺布浸入到该溶液中，摇荡25min后静置2h，捞出晾干；其中壳聚糖、万古霉素和混合溶液的质量体积比为2.9g:1.38g:22mL。
S3：将步骤S2中得到的无纺布再次浸泡入多巴胺的去离子水溶液中，然后滴加Tris-HCl缓冲液，在无纺布表面形成包覆聚多巴胺层，得到聚多巴胺包覆的无纺布；其中多巴胺的去离子水溶液的质量百分比溶度为25％。
S4：将步骤S3中得到的无纺布加入到季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸的蒸馏水溶液中，摇荡4h使其表面进行接枝，捞出晾干得到所述无纺布；其中季铵化壳聚糖、鞣花酸和蒸馏水的质量体积比为2.02g:0.77g:25mL。
实施例4
一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1：将羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，超声搅拌溶解后，将无纺布浸入到该溶液中并升温至68℃浸泡7h，捞出晾干；其中羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇和去离子水的质量比为3.2:5.1:28。
S2：将壳聚糖、万古霉素加入到体积比为1.5:1的无水乙醇和去离子水混合溶液中，搅拌14min后将步骤S1中的无纺布浸入到该溶液中，摇荡30min后静置2.5h，捞出晾干；其中壳聚糖、万古霉素和混合溶液的质量体积比为3.9g:1.62g:26mL。
S3：将步骤S2中得到的无纺布再次浸泡入多巴胺的去离子水溶液中，然后滴加Tris-HCl缓冲液，在无纺布表面形成包覆聚多巴胺层，得到聚多巴胺包覆的无纺布；其中多巴胺的去离子水溶液的质量百分比溶度为28％。
S4：将步骤S3中得到的无纺布加入到季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸的蒸馏水溶液中，摇荡5h使其表面进行接枝，捞出晾干得到所述无纺布；其中季铵化壳聚糖、鞣花酸和蒸馏水的质量体积比为2.32g:0.92g:32mL。
性能测试：按照标准GB-T/20944.3-2008纺织品抗菌性能的评价，分别对新制备的实施例1～4的无纺布和经过50次标准水洗后的实施例1～4的无纺布分别进行抗菌率的测试，结果如表1所示，
表1.测试结果：
从表1中可以看出，本发明实施例1～4制备的具有抗菌性能的无纺布材料，经过50次标准水洗后，对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌率依然高达99.80％以上，具有优异、持久的抗菌性能。
Claims (5)
1.一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1：将羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，超声搅拌溶解后，将无纺布浸入到该溶液中并升温至60～70℃浸泡4～8h，捞出晾干；
S2：将壳聚糖、万古霉素加入到体积比为1.5:1的无水乙醇和去离子水混合溶液中，搅拌10～15min后将步骤S1中的无纺布浸入到该溶液中，摇荡20～35min后静置1.5～3h，捞出晾干；
S3：将步骤S2中得到的无纺布再次浸泡入多巴胺的去离子水溶液中，然后滴加Tris-HCl缓冲液，在无纺布表面形成包覆聚多巴胺层，得到聚多巴胺包覆的无纺布；
S4：将步骤S3中得到的无纺布加入到季铵化壳聚糖和鞣花酸的蒸馏水溶液中，摇荡3～6h使其表面进行酯化反应，捞出晾干得到所述无纺布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1中羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇和去离子水的质量比为(2.3～3.5):(4.2～5.4):(18～30)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中壳聚糖、万古霉素和混合溶液的质量体积比为(2.5～4.2)g:(1.22～1.67)g:(16～28)mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中多巴胺的去离子水溶液的质量百分比溶度为22％～30％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌效果的无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中季铵化壳聚糖、鞣花酸和蒸馏水的质量体积比为(1.86～2.43)g:(0.66～0.94)g:(20～34)mL。
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