CN113122883A - Preheating method for aluminum oxide on upper part of aluminum electrolytic cell - Google Patents
Preheating method for aluminum oxide on upper part of aluminum electrolytic cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN113122883A CN113122883A CN202110289220.0A CN202110289220A CN113122883A CN 113122883 A CN113122883 A CN 113122883A CN 202110289220 A CN202110289220 A CN 202110289220A CN 113122883 A CN113122883 A CN 113122883A
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- preheating
- aluminum oxide
- aluminum
- alumina
- heat exchange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
Abstract
The invention relates to a preheating method of alumina, in particular to a method for preheating an alumina raw material in advance by utilizing the upper part of an aluminum electrolytic cell to dissipate heat. The preheating method comprises the steps that a preheating hopper is arranged at the tail end of an aluminum oxide blanking pipe above a fire hole of the aluminum electrolysis cell in an inclined mode to preheat aluminum oxide in advance, the preheating comprises the steps that the fire hole conducts radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper, a covering material conducts radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper, and heat exchange is conducted on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper through smoke discharged by the fire hole. The aluminum oxide preheating device has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability and obvious effect, the temperature of the discharged aluminum oxide is improved by preheating the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper and exchanging heat with the aluminum oxide in the aluminum oxide discharging pipe, the aluminum oxide enters the electrolyte to be dissolved rapidly, thermal shock of the discharging on normal production of the electrolytic cell is reduced, the current efficiency is improved, the heat dissipation of the electrolytic cell is effectively utilized, the energy utilization rate of the electrolytic cell is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preheating method of aluminum oxide, in particular to a method for preheating an aluminum oxide raw material in advance by utilizing the upper part of an aluminum electrolytic cell to dissipate heat, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis.
Background
Aluminum electrolysis is a typical high energy consuming industry, and alumina is a major raw material thereof with a huge consumption. Taking a 500kA cell as an example, each cell can consume about 7000kg of alumina per day, which requires a lot of energy to heat up to the electrolysis temperature (-950 ℃).
On the other hand, high-temperature carbon dioxide gas is generated in the electrolytic process, and the gas overflows through an alumina blanking opening, namely a fire hole, and the taken heat accounts for more than 30% of the heat dissipation capacity of the whole tank.
If the supply and demand characteristics of the two aspects can be organically combined, and the alumina is preheated in advance by the fire hole heat dissipation of the electrolytic cell and the flue gas waste heat, the heat required by dissolving the alumina can be greatly reduced, the dissolution performance of the alumina is effectively improved, and finally the purposes of reducing consumption and improving efficiency can be realized.
Patent CN102154663A proposes passing through the heat exchanger with the exhaust flue gas of electrolysis trough and preheating the aluminium oxide in chute and the chute, and this patent needs additionally to install the heat exchanger, and the chute cold wind volume is huge, and the effect is limited. Patent CN102628170A discloses an embedded alumina feeding device, which deposits alumina on the electrolyte surface, and hopefully heats the alumina by electrolyte contact and radiation. However, this method does not consider the denaturation of alumina at high temperature under a fluorine atmosphere, and alumina may be converted into poorly soluble alumina to form a precipitate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects, the invention provides a preheating method of aluminum oxide on the upper part of an aluminum electrolytic cell, which aims to greatly improve the temperature of an aluminum oxide raw material and the dissolving speed of the aluminum oxide raw material in an electrolyte, is favorable for reducing thermal shock of blanking on normal production of the electrolytic cell, improves the current efficiency, realizes effective utilization of heat dissipation of the electrolytic cell, improves the energy utilization rate of the electrolytic cell and reduces the energy consumption.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for preheating aluminum oxide on the upper part of an aluminum electrolytic cell, which is characterized in that a preheating hopper is arranged at the tail end of an aluminum oxide blanking pipe obliquely above a fire hole of the aluminum electrolytic cell to preheat aluminum oxide in advance, the preheating comprises the steps of carrying out radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper by the fire hole, carrying out radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper by a covering material and carrying out heat exchange on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper by smoke discharged by the fire hole.
The contact heat exchange area between the interior of the preheating hopper and the alumina is increased through a grid or a partition plate.
The preheating hopper can be used as a constant volume feeder.
The preheating hopper is made of stainless steel, copper or aluminum high-heat-conduction materials.
The fire hole top set up high temperature flue gas and collect the cover, high temperature flue gas is collected the cover and is passed through pipe connection aluminium oxide heat exchange tube, aluminium oxide heat exchange tube and aluminium oxide unloading pipe heat transfer.
The aluminum oxide heat exchange tube is sleeved outside the aluminum oxide blanking tube, and at least one aluminum oxide blanking tube is arranged in the aluminum oxide heat exchange tube.
The alumina blanking pipe is a sleeve, and an alumina heat exchange pipe is arranged between the sleeves.
The alumina blanking pipe is a double-layer or multilayer sleeve, and the alumina heat exchange pipe is a double-layer or multilayer heat exchange pipe.
The aluminum oxide discharging pipe and the aluminum oxide heat exchange pipe are arranged in a staggered mode, and a smoke outlet of the aluminum oxide heat exchange pipe is connected with a flue pipeline.
The alumina blanking pipe is a spiral pipeline or a step-shaped pipeline.
The invention has the advantages and effects that: the aluminum oxide preheating device has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability and obvious effect, the temperature of the discharged aluminum oxide is improved by carrying out heat exchange on the aluminum oxide in the aluminum oxide discharging pipe and carrying out heat exchange on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper, the aluminum oxide enters the electrolyte to be dissolved quickly, thermal shock of the discharging on normal production of the electrolytic cell is reduced, the current efficiency is improved, the heat dissipation of the electrolytic cell is effectively utilized, the energy utilization rate of the electrolytic cell is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of an alumina heat exchange tube and an alumina blanking tube in example 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of an alumina heat exchange tube and an alumina blanking tube in example 7 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. covering materials; 2. preheating a hopper; 3. an alumina blanking pipe; 4. a horizontal cover plate of the electrolytic bath; 5. an alumina feed box; 6. a hammer head; 7. a fire hole; 8. a high temperature flue gas collecting hood; 9. an alumina heat exchange tube; 10. a flue duct.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings, but the scope of protection of this patent is not limited to the embodiments in this patent.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the method for preheating the aluminum oxide on the upper part of the aluminum electrolytic cell comprises the steps that a fire hole 7 is formed in a covering material 1, a preheating hopper 2 is arranged at the tail end of an aluminum oxide blanking pipe 3 obliquely above the fire hole 7 of the aluminum electrolytic cell to preheat the aluminum oxide in advance, the preheating in advance comprises the steps that the fire hole 7 conducts radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper 2, the covering material 1 conducts radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper 2, and the flue gas discharged by the fire hole 7 conducts heat exchange on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper 2.
The preheating hopper 2 is dustpan-shaped, and the contact heat exchange area between the preheating hopper 2 and alumina is increased through a grid. The preheating hopper 2 is a constant volume blanking device, has a constant volume blanking function, and replaces the constant volume blanking device in the original alumina material box 5. The preheating hopper 2 is made of stainless steel, copper or aluminum high-heat-conductivity materials.
Alumina flows into the alumina blanking pipe 3 from the alumina feed box 5 and then enters the preheating hopper 2, and alumina blanking operation is carried out after the hammer 6 acts to crust through blanking interval preheating.
Example 2
The preheating hopper 2 in the embodiment 1 is only used as a preheating platform and does not have a constant volume function, and the other part is as in the embodiment 1, except that one alumina blanking pipe 3 is provided.
Example 3
The preheating hopper 2 in example 1 has a cylindrical shape as shown in fig. 2. A high-temperature flue gas collecting cover 8 is arranged above the fire hole 7, the high-temperature flue gas collecting cover 8 is connected with an alumina heat exchange tube 9 through a pipeline, and the alumina heat exchange tube 9 exchanges heat with the alumina blanking tube 3. The alumina heat exchange tube 9 is sleeved outside the alumina blanking tube 3. The flue gas outlet of the alumina heat exchange tube 9 is connected with a flue pipeline 10. The alumina blanking pipe 3 is a spiral pipeline or a step-shaped pipeline. Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 4
The alumina heat exchange tube 9 in the embodiment 3 is a straight sleeve, as shown in fig. 3, and the other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 3.
Example 5
The alumina heat exchange tube 9 and the alumina blanking tube 3 in the alumina heat exchange tube 9 in the embodiment 4 are double-layer sleeves, and the alumina blanking tube and the alumina heat exchange tube are arranged in a staggered mode, as shown in fig. 4, the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 6
In the alumina heat exchange tube 9 of the embodiment 4, 5 alumina blanking tubes 3 are arranged, as shown in fig. 5, the other parts are the same as the embodiment 4.
Example 7
The alumina blanking pipe 3 is a stepped pipeline. Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 8
The alumina heat exchange tube 9 and the alumina blanking tube 3 in the alumina heat exchange tube are three layers of sleeves, the alumina blanking tube and the alumina heat exchange tube are arranged in a staggered mode, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Claims (10)
1. The preheating method is characterized in that a preheating hopper is arranged at the tail end of an aluminum oxide blanking pipe obliquely above a fire hole of the aluminum electrolysis cell to preheat aluminum oxide in advance, wherein preheating in advance comprises the steps of carrying out radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper by the fire hole, carrying out radiation preheating on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper by a covering material and carrying out heat exchange on the aluminum oxide in the preheating hopper by smoke discharged by the fire hole.
2. The method for preheating the alumina at the upper part of the aluminum reduction cell according to claim 1, wherein the contact heat exchange area between the inside of the preheating hopper and the alumina is increased by a grid or a baffle plate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the preheating hopper can also be used as a constant volume feeder.
4. The method for preheating alumina at the upper part of an aluminum reduction cell as recited in claim 3, wherein the preheating hopper is made of stainless steel, copper or aluminum high heat conduction material.
5. The method for preheating the aluminum oxide on the upper part of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein a high-temperature flue gas collecting cover is arranged above the fire hole, the high-temperature flue gas collecting cover is connected with an aluminum oxide heat exchange tube through a pipeline, and the aluminum oxide heat exchange tube exchanges heat with an aluminum oxide blanking tube.
6. The method for preheating aluminum oxide on the upper part of an aluminum electrolytic cell as recited in claim 5, wherein the aluminum oxide heat exchange tube is sleeved outside the aluminum oxide blanking tube, and at least one aluminum oxide blanking tube is arranged in the aluminum oxide heat exchange tube.
7. The method for preheating alumina at the upper part of an aluminum reduction cell as recited in claim 5, wherein the alumina feeding tube is a sleeve tube, and an alumina heat exchange tube is arranged between the sleeve tubes.
8. The method for preheating the aluminum oxide at the upper part of the aluminum electrolytic cell as recited in claim 7, wherein the aluminum oxide feeding pipe is a double-layer or multi-layer sleeve pipe, and the aluminum oxide heat exchange pipe is a double-layer or multi-layer heat exchange pipe.
9. The method for preheating the aluminum oxide on the upper part of the aluminum electrolytic cell as recited in claim 8, wherein the aluminum oxide feeding pipe and the aluminum oxide heat exchange pipe are arranged in a staggered manner, and the flue gas outlet of the aluminum oxide heat exchange pipe is connected with a flue pipeline.
10. The method for preheating alumina at the upper part of an aluminum reduction cell according to claim 6, wherein the alumina feeding pipe is a spiral pipe or a stepped pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110289220.0A CN113122883A (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Preheating method for aluminum oxide on upper part of aluminum electrolytic cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110289220.0A CN113122883A (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Preheating method for aluminum oxide on upper part of aluminum electrolytic cell |
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| CN113122883A true CN113122883A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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| CN202110289220.0A Pending CN113122883A (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Preheating method for aluminum oxide on upper part of aluminum electrolytic cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114892217A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-12 | 中南大学 | System for high-temperature flue gas pre-thermal oxidation aluminum raw material of double-layer closed aluminum electrolysis cell |
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| CN202297807U (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-04 | 湖南创元铝业有限公司 | Raw material preheating device for electrolytic cell |
| CN202543349U (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2012-11-21 | 湖南晟通科技集团有限公司 | Bin for preheating aluminum oxide |
| CN107270725A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-10-20 | 东北大学 | Aluminium electrolytic equipment, aluminium electroloysis system and method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell |
| CN107687005A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-13 | 高德金 | A kind of new aluminum cell crust breaking feeding device |
| CN109055991A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of electrolytic bath feed box structure using high-temperature flue gas preheating material |
| WO2019041006A1 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-07 | Caete Engenharia Ltda | Apparatus for feeding and preheating the alumina |
| CN110359063A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-10-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of automatic controllable baiting apparatus of aluminium electroloysis |
| CN110438530A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 神华准能资源综合开发有限公司 | A kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus and method |
| CN110894614A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-20 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Device for preheating and conveying aluminum oxide by forced ventilation of electrolytic cell |
-
2021
- 2021-03-18 CN CN202110289220.0A patent/CN113122883A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202297807U (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-04 | 湖南创元铝业有限公司 | Raw material preheating device for electrolytic cell |
| CN202543349U (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2012-11-21 | 湖南晟通科技集团有限公司 | Bin for preheating aluminum oxide |
| CN107687005A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-13 | 高德金 | A kind of new aluminum cell crust breaking feeding device |
| CN107270725A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-10-20 | 东北大学 | Aluminium electrolytic equipment, aluminium electroloysis system and method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell |
| WO2019041006A1 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-07 | Caete Engenharia Ltda | Apparatus for feeding and preheating the alumina |
| CN109055991A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of electrolytic bath feed box structure using high-temperature flue gas preheating material |
| CN110894614A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-20 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Device for preheating and conveying aluminum oxide by forced ventilation of electrolytic cell |
| CN110438530A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 神华准能资源综合开发有限公司 | A kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus and method |
| CN110359063A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-10-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of automatic controllable baiting apparatus of aluminium electroloysis |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114892217A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-12 | 中南大学 | System for high-temperature flue gas pre-thermal oxidation aluminum raw material of double-layer closed aluminum electrolysis cell |
| CN114892217B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2024-03-12 | 中南大学 | System for preheating alumina raw material by high-temperature flue gas of double-layer airtight aluminum electrolysis cell |
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