CN110438530A - A kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110438530A CN110438530A CN201910798996.8A CN201910798996A CN110438530A CN 110438530 A CN110438530 A CN 110438530A CN 201910798996 A CN201910798996 A CN 201910798996A CN 110438530 A CN110438530 A CN 110438530A
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- blanking
- feed opening
- flue gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/14—Devices for feeding or crust breaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/22—Collecting emitted gases
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus and method, the inner cavity of the blanking tube of described device are separated at least two blanking chambers, and each blanking cavity bottom is equipped with feed opening；Hopper is set to above the blanking tube；Blanking chamber is set to the blanking chamber that below blanking tube and blanking chamber is adjacent and is connected to by feed opening with the blanking chamber, and blanking chamber bottom is equipped with feeding port；Transmission mechanism blanking tube can move up and down relatively, and can close or open each feed opening；Crust breaking end is installed on transmission mechanism bottom；Gas gathering mask is set to blanking chamber periphery, and blanking chamber side wall is equipped with the smoke inlet being connected to gas gathering mask；The top of the blanking chamber adjacent with the hopper is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, and smoke chamber is connected to exhanst gas outlet.The device of the invention combines the separation of the crust breaking of acid oxidation aluminium, blanking and flue gas together, simplifies device structure, and utilize the device, facilitates the uniform stabilization of blanking, and be conducive to the purification of flue gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aluminum electrolysis more particularly to a kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation one
Change device and method.
Background technique
Hall-H é roult fused salt electrolysis process is still the main method of industrial aluminium metallurgy at present.Aluminium oxide is as aluminium cell
The primary raw material of melt, the blanking device structure for optimizing it are conducive to the well stable production of aluminium electroloysis.Due to aluminium cell mesh
The mode that the preceding crust-breaking & baiting device used is separately carried out using crust breaking and blanking, first crust breaking, rear blanking, so that aluminium oxide
Fugitive dust is bigger, and equipment and operation are relatively complicated, and blanking positioning is not accurate enough, and partial oxidation aluminium can not accurately enter fire
Eye.
In aluminum electrolysis cell upper part, aluminium oxide can be accumulated to form shell surface, can keep the temperature and prevent fluorine to aluminium electroloysis
Compound etc. is largely discharged and pollutes environment.But the blanking hole namely acute conjunctivitis formed after crust breaking every time, gas can be made from blanking
Hole is overflowed, and then in externally discharged workshop condition, can not only damage the health of staff, but also pollute the environment, no
Meet the policy needs of current environment protection.
Currently, it according to the unique aluminium Industry in China, has investigated " a step acid extracting " flyash and extracts aluminium oxide
New process, the acid oxidation aluminium which obtains is in physico-chemical property, dissolution characteristics and to the side such as adsorption capacity of hydrogen fluoride gas
Face all has a certain difference with traditional alkaline process aluminium oxide, for these differences, needs to consider how to adjust existing factory
Equipment adapts to the characteristic of acid oxidation aluminium, to preferably play the characteristic of acid oxidation aluminium, optimizes electrolysis production.
Chinese invention patent CN107653460A discloses a kind of aluminum cell crust breaking baiting integral apparatus, and the device is real
Show the integration of crust breaker and cutting agency in aluminium cell, however the mechanism is designed not directed to acid oxidation aluminium,
And the flue gas that can not solve the problems, such as that acute conjunctivitis is discharged after crust breaking has larger endanger for environment and personnel.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus and method,
The device of the invention combines the separation of the crust breaking of acid oxidation aluminium, blanking and flue gas together, simplifies device structure, and in crust breaking
With the flue gas escaped during separation crust breaking can be collected in blanking process, reduce harm to environment and operator；And benefit
With the device, moreover it is possible to so that acid oxidation aluminium material and flue gas adverse current contact, not only facilitate the uniform stabilization of blanking, and
Conducive to the purification of flue gas.
The present invention is to reach its purpose, is provided the following technical solutions:
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, including hopper,
Blanking tube, blanking chamber, gas gathering mask, smoke chamber, transmission mechanism, power mechanism and crust breaking end, wherein
The inner cavity of the blanking tube is from top to bottom successively separated at least two blanking chambers, and each blanking cavity bottom is all provided with
There is feed opening, and the blanking chamber is connected by the feed opening blanking chamber adjacent with what is be disposed below of its bottom；
The hopper is set to above the blanking tube, and the hopper bottom is equipped with the blanking chamber adjacent with the hopper and is connected
Logical feed opening；The blanking chamber is set to blanking chamber adjacent with the blanking chamber below the blanking tube and passes through its bottom
Feed opening be connected to the blanking chamber, the blanking chamber bottom be equipped with feeding port；
The transmission mechanism runs through each feed opening, and transmission mechanism energy under the driving of the power mechanism
The relatively described blanking tube moves up and down, and during up and down motion, the transmission mechanism can close or open each blanking
Mouthful, and when one of two neighboring feed opening is closed or opened, another feed opening is opened or closed accordingly；The crust breaking
Head is installed on the transmission mechanism bottom and can move downward and move to the lower section of the feeding port with the transmission mechanism；
The gas gathering mask is set to the blanking chamber periphery, and the bottom of gas gathering mask is provided with flue gas collection port, and blanking chamber side wall is set
There is the smoke inlet being connected to gas gathering mask；The top of the blanking chamber adjacent with the hopper is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, the flue gas
Room is connected to the exhanst gas outlet.
By the up and down motion of transmission mechanism, to control the opening and closing of each feed opening setting up and down, acid oxidation aluminium object
Material and the contact of flue gas energy bilateral flow, so that blanking process is more uniform, stablizes, feed opening is not easy to block, greatly improve down
The smooth continuity of material process.Flue gas is mainly emerged from the acute conjunctivitis after crust breaking end crust breaking, collects acute conjunctivitis flue gas, In by gas gathering mask
During the up and down motion (crust breaking and blanking) of transmission mechanism and material carries out multiple-contact, and the two uniformly mixes and heat transmitting,
Acid oxidation aluminium material can adsorb the harmful substance in flue gas, purifying smoke, and flue gas can improve acid oxidation aluminium material
Temperature, dried material；Convection current both simultaneously enhances the mobility of material, is conducive to acid oxidation aluminium in a cell molten
Solution diffusion, improves the stability of electrolytic process.
In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes that drive rod and one group of feed opening being arranged on the transmission rod are adjusted
Part, one group of feed opening regulating part includes multiple feed opening regulating parts compatible with each feed opening respectively, described
Drive rod the blanking tube can move up and down relatively under power mechanism driving, and one group of feed opening regulating part is in institute
Each feed opening can be closed or opened by stating during drive rod moves up and down, and one of two neighboring feed opening is closed
When closing or opening, another feed opening is opened or closed accordingly.
In some embodiments, the opening of the feed opening is cylindrical, the feed opening regulating part include with it is described
The compatible cylindrical body of feed opening, the top end surface or bottom end face of the cylindrical body are equipped with rotary table.Using in this way
Structure, on the one hand can guarantee that the movement of drive rod is unimpeded, feed opening regulating part can agree with completely with feed opening；On the other hand,
When drive rod movement, it is mobile to have a slight lateral, and rotary table is variable-diameter structure, and the diameter of axle changes from small to big or from large to small, can
Blanking process Caton is not will lead to to guarantee that drive rod is slightly mobile, adjustable feed opening regulating part and feed opening agreed with
Journey.And cylindrical body is then conducive to guarantee that feed opening and feed opening regulating part agree with completely, it will not material leakage, buildup.
The blanking chamber adjacent with the hopper is provided under control acid oxidation aluminium single in some embodiments
The constant-volume blanking chamber of doses.
In some embodiments, the bottom of the hopper and/or other blankings other than the constant-volume blanking chamber
The bottom of chamber is respectively equipped with blanking cushioning fender, and the blanking cushioning fender is equipped with the opening as the feed opening, institute
Blanking cushioning fender is stated in ramped shaped, and the region that blanking cushioning fender is surrounded is gradually towards set on the blanking bumper
Feed opening constriction on plate.The blanking cushioning fender of ramped shaped has buffer function, by slope, so that alumina material speed
Slow down, dispersion more evenly, while being not easy to plug feed opening；It is additionally favorable for the discharge quantity of control feed opening simultaneously.
In some embodiments, the gradient of the blanking cushioning fender is 30-60 °.
In some embodiments, the top of the hopper is the up big and down small truncated cone-shaped of internal diameter, and the lower part of the hopper is
Cylinder facilitates the whereabouts of material.
In some embodiments, the smoke inlet is set to the top of the blanking chamber side wall.
In some embodiments, the feeding port of bottom of the lower part of the blanking chamber inner cavity to the blanking chamber is in gradually to contract
Narrow trend.Using such structure, so that alumina blanking range is more nearly crust breaking mouth (i.e. acute conjunctivitis), it is conducive to aluminium oxide
It direct plunges into the acute conjunctivitis formed after crust breaking, loss and the fugitive dust of aluminium oxide can be reduced.
The present invention also provides a kind of aluminium cell, the aluminium cell is equipped under acid oxidation aluminium crust breaking described above
Material and flue gas separation integrated apparatus.
Acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus described above are utilized the present invention also provides a kind of
The method for carrying out acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation, described method includes following steps:
The transmission mechanism relatively described blanking tube under the driving of the power mechanism moves downward, the crust breaking end with
The transmission mechanism moves downward and moves to the lower section of the feeding port, and in the aluminium cell for being electrolysed acid oxidation aluminium
It is punched on interior alumina crust, flue gas is formed by acute conjunctivitis from punching and escapes；
The gas gathering mask collects the flue gas, and smoke inlet of the flue gas through the blanking chamber side wall enters from gas gathering mask
The blanking chamber；
The transmission mechanism under the driving of the power mechanism relatively the blanking tube move up and down during, hopper and
The feed opening of each blanking chamber is opened or closed respectively, and when one of two neighboring feed opening is closed or opened,
Another feed opening is opened or closed accordingly, so that the acid oxidation aluminium material in hopper is with each feed opening
Open and gradually flow downward, and to flow to the indoor flue gas of blanking with the opening of each feed opening and gradually to
Upper flowing；When the feed opening between two adjacent blanking chambers is opened, wherein in underlying blanking chamber
The flue gas flowed up and the acid oxidation aluminium material counter current contacting to flow downward in the blanking chamber that is located above；
When flow of flue gas is to the blanking chamber adjacent with hopper, exhanst gas outlet that the top through the blanking chamber is equipped with into
Enter the smoke chamber；When acid oxidation aluminium Flow of Goods and Materials to the blanking chamber adjacent with blanking chamber, through under the blanking chamber
Material mouth flows into the blanking chamber, and carries out adverse current with the flue gas flowed up by blanking chamber through the feed opening of the blanking chamber and connect
Touching, after the feeding port through the blanking chamber drop down onto the aluminium cell.
Technical solution provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the present invention provides a kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baitings for being suitable for acid oxidation aluminium characteristic and flue gas to separate
Integrated apparatus has the characteristics that blanking velocity is steady, acid oxidation aluminium is easy to be uniformly dispersed using the device；In conjunction with constant volume
The design of blanking chamber is easy accurate discharge；Using the device can also purifying smoke, the device by the crust breaking of acid oxidation aluminium,
Blanking, flue gas isolation integral, simplify apparatus structure, optimize blanking process.
2, using the device of the invention, in crust breaking, blanking process, acid oxidation aluminium material and flue gas bidirectional convection current, both
Can purifying smoke, and dried material and temperature of charge can be improved, while liquidating by air-flow, enhance material fluidity, so that object
Material is dissolved with diffusion rate faster after entering electrolytic cell, improves the stability of electrolytic process.Blanking chamber is for material to be passed through
In electrolytic cell, while the effect of control amount of flue gas emission is also acted as, so as to more effectively control the flowing of flue gas and material and connect
Touch effect.
3, apparatus of the present invention, can be smaller using acid oxidation aluminium apparent density well, and particle is lighter, and mobility is better
Feature, by the movement of drive rod, acid oxidation aluminium material and flue gas bidirectional convection current, so that blanking process is more uniform, stablizes,
Feed opening is not easy to block, and greatly improves the smooth continuity of blanking process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be in a kind of embodiment acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus in crust breaking state
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 be in a kind of embodiment acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus in blanking state
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 be in a kind of embodiment acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus in aluminium cell
The scheme of installation in portion.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, below with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is further explained,
But the contents of the present invention are not limited only to following embodiment.
Such as occur "upper", "lower", " top ", " bottom ", " top ", " lower section " orientation word in text, is based on attached
The orientation of figure.
Acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus provided by the invention, it is main to wrap referring to attached drawing 1-2
Include hopper 2, blanking tube 32, blanking chamber 10, gas gathering mask 12, smoke chamber 15, transmission mechanism 33, power mechanism 1 and crust breaking end 13.
The inner cavity of blanking tube 32 is from top to bottom successively separated at least two blanking chambers (such as blanking chamber 6,8), example
Such as two blanking chambers, three blanking chambers or more blanking chamber.Each blanking cavity bottom is equipped with feed opening, such as
Feed opening 24,25, and in two neighboring blanking chamber, the blanking chamber 6 being located above passes through the feed opening 24 of its bottom
Blanking chamber 8 adjacent with what is be disposed below is connected.
Hopper 2 is set to the top of blanking tube 32, and 2 bottom of hopper is equipped with 23 mouthfuls of blanking, and by the feed opening 23 and is located at
2 lower section of hopper and adjacent thereto blanking chamber 6 (i.e. the blanking chamber of blanking tube top layer) is connected.Hopper 2 is used for
Externally input acid oxidation aluminium material is received, and supplies acid system aluminium oxide into blanking tube 32, these acid oxidation aluminium pass through
The feed opening 23 of 2 bottom of hopper is supplied downwards.In some preferred embodiments, the top of hopper 2 is the up big and down small circle of internal diameter
Platform shape is added convenient for material, and the lower part of hopper is cylinder, facilitates the whereabouts of material.
Blanking chamber 10 is set to 32 lower section of blanking tube, and the blanking chamber 8 adjacent thereto above the blanking chamber 10 (is ascended the throne
In the undermost blanking chamber of blanking tube), it is connected by the feed opening 25 of its bottom with the blanking chamber 10.In blanking chamber 10
Bottom be equipped with feeding port 27.
Transmission mechanism 33 is arranged through each feed opening 23,24,25.Transmission mechanism 33 is connected with power mechanism 1, power
Mechanism 1 works for drive transmission device 33, provides power for it, power mechanism 1 is, for example, this fields such as cylinder driving mechanism
Conventional power mechanism, this technology being well known to those skilled in the art do not repeat.Transmission mechanism 33 is in power mechanism 1
Driving under can opposite blanking tube 32 move up and down, and during up and down motion, transmission mechanism 33 can be closed or opened respectively
A feed opening 23,24,25.Specifically, transmission mechanism 33 includes that drive rod 3 and one group of feed opening on drive rod 3 are adjusted
Part.The number of blanking regulating part included by one group of feed opening regulating part and the number of feed opening match, and it is each under
Material mouth regulating part 4,7,9 is adapted with each feed opening 23,24,25 respectively.Specifically, corresponding to each feed opening, accordingly
Equipped with a feed opening regulating part.Specifically, drive rod 3 blanking tube 32 can move up and down relatively under the driving of power mechanism 1, and
Each feed opening regulating part 4,7,9 can close or open each feed opening 23,24,25 during drive rod 1 moves up and down.And
And one of two neighboring feed opening (such as feed opening 24) is by corresponding feed opening regulating part (such as feed opening regulating part 7)
When closing or opening, another feed opening (such as feed opening 25) quilt and the corresponding feed opening regulating part of the feed opening accordingly
(such as feed opening regulating part 9) opens or closes, that is, the open and-shut mode of two adjacent feed openings is staggered.Pass through transmission
Bar 3 moves up and down and each feed opening regulating part is driven to move up and down, so that each feed opening open or close (is closed
Close), have the function that control acid oxidation aluminium material downlink and control flue gas uplink, when a certain blanking chamber of blanking tube 32
When feed opening is closed, the blanking of the feed opening is prevented, while preventing flue gas upwardly through the feed opening；When the feed opening is opened
When, which starts blanking, while flue gas, upwardly through the feed opening, flue gas and acid oxidation aluminium material are inverse in this process
Stream contact.
Crust breaking end 13 is installed on the bottom of drive rod 3, and crust breaking end 13 can move downward with drive rod 3 and move to and feed intake
The lower section of mouth 27, specially moves to the underface of feeding port 27.Crust breaking end 13 is used in the aluminium cell of acid oxidation aluminium
Alumina crust on punch (also known as crust breaking).
Gas gathering mask 12 is set to the periphery of blanking chamber 10, that is, is set to the periphery of blanking chamber 10, the bottom of gas gathering mask 12 is provided with cigarette
Gas collection port 26, the side wall of blanking chamber 10 are equipped with the smoke inlet 11 being connected to gas gathering mask 12, thus by the smoke inlet 11,
The flue gas collected in gas gathering mask 12 can flow in blanking chamber 10.In some preferred embodiments, smoke inlet 11 is set to blanking
The top of 10 side wall of room.In some embodiments, gas gathering mask 12 is similar to inverted infundibulate, the inner wall of gas gathering mask 12 and
Spacing between 10 outer wall of blanking chamber is in the trend of reduction, such shape, so that lower part has bigger space from the bottom to top
Flue gas is collected, top is then easy by smoke inlet to import flue gas in blanking chamber.Circle where 12 bottom outer edge of gas gathering mask
All diameters can be 25-30cm, and however, it is not limited to this.Gas gathering mask 12 specifically can be welded on the side wall of blanking chamber 10 and consolidate
It is fixed, naturally it is also possible to use other fixed forms.
It is upper with the adjacent blanking chamber 6 of hopper 2 (the blanking chamber for being located at top layer in blanking tube) in blanking tube 32
Portion is equipped with exhanst gas outlet 31, and smoke chamber 15 is connected with exhanst gas outlet 31 by smoke collection pipe 14.Flue gas can be in smoke chamber 15
Or it continues to be fed into downstream links and further purifies or utilize.
In some preferred embodiments, the opening of feed opening 23,24,25 is cylindrical, feed opening regulating part 4,7,9
Including with the compatible cylindrical body 29 of feed opening 23,24,25, set in the top end surface or bottom end face of cylindrical body 29
There is rotary table 28.In some embodiments, cylindrical body 29 and rotary table 28 are coaxial to be installed on drive rod 3.Justified using being equipped with
The feed opening regulating part of cylindrical body 29 and rotary table 28, conducive to guaranteeing that it is unobstructed that drive rod 3 moves up and down, while cylindrical body 29
It can agree with completely with cylindrical feed opening, it will not material leakage and buildup；And when drive rod moves up and down, slight lateral is had
It is mobile, and rotary table 28 is variable-diameter structure, it is ensured that slightly movement not will lead to blanking process Caton to drive rod 3, adjustable
Blanking regulating part and feed opening agree with process.
In some preferred embodiments, having for quantitative each acid oxidation aluminium discharge quantity is equipped in blanking tube 32
The constant-volume blanking chamber of constant volume effect.Specifically, by (the i.e. blanking chamber adjacent with hopper 2 of blanking chamber 6 of blanking tube top layer
Room) it is set as constant-volume blanking chamber, for controlling acid oxidation aluminium single discharge quantity, i.e., can determine that according to determining capacity specifications
Single discharge quantity.
In some preferred embodiments, it is equipped with blanking cushioning fender 5 in the bottom of hopper 2, in the blanking chamber of blanking tube
In, the bottom of remaining blanking chamber (such as blanking chamber 8) other than as constant-volume blanking chamber 6 is also preferably provided with down
Expect cushioning fender 30.Blanking cushioning fender specifically can be embedded in hopper or the side wall of blanking tube, specifically, being with blanking chamber 8
Example, blanking cushioning fender 30 are not separately installed baffle, but are blanking bumper by blanking chamber bottom direct forming
Plate.Blanking cushioning fender is equipped with opening, and for the opening as feed opening, blanking cushioning fender 5,30 is in ramped shaped, the ramped shaped
Blanking cushioning fender be arranged so that region that blanking cushioning fender 5,30 is surrounded towards the direction of feed opening 23,25 be in by
Tapered narrow trend.Such as the situation of the circular in cross-section in the region that blanking cushioning fender is surrounded, the slope
The blanking cushioning fender of shape be arranged so that the internal diameter in the region that blanking cushioning fender is surrounded towards the direction of feed opening be in by
Decrescence small trend.It is preferred that the gradient of blanking cushioning fender 5,30 is 30-60 °, such as 30 °, 50 °, 60 ° etc..It is oblique by being arranged
The blanking cushioning fender of ramp shaped, so that the blanking velocity of acid oxidation aluminium material slows down, material dispersion is more evenly carried out with flue gas
It can more fully be contacted when counter current contacting, nor easily block feed opening；It is also convenient for control blanking simultaneously.
In some preferred embodiments, the lower part of its inner cavity is set to the discharging of the bottom of blanking chamber 10 by blanking chamber 10
Mouth 27 is in the trend of gradually constriction.So that the blanking range of acid oxidation aluminium is more nearly crust breaking mouth 18 (i.e. acute conjunctivitis), reduce oxygen
Change aluminium fugitive dust and loss.In some specific examples, by by gas gathering mask 12 part adjacent with 10 lower part of blanking chamber to blanking
10 inner cavity of room extends, to reach discharge port the becoming in gradually constriction for the bottom for making the lower part of blanking chamber inner cavity to blanking chamber
Gesture.The Combination Design of 10 structure of gas gathering mask 12 and blanking chamber can store up the flue gas received most after determining due to its volume of blanking chamber 10
Big volume also determines that, when the flue gas of blanking chamber 10 reaches maximum volume, will loss to 16 top of electrolytic cell, this sample hair
Bright device flue gas per treatment does not exceed this upper limit, and blanking chamber 10 has the effect of controlling amount of flue gas emission, so as to more
The effect of two-way flow and the contact of effective control flue gas and acid oxidation aluminium material, to ensure that the purification effect of flue gas
Fruit.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus 17 of the invention pass
The movement of lever 3 is divided into two processes: crust breaking process and blanking process.Fig. 1 show the schematic diagram of crust breaking state；Shown in Fig. 2
For the schematic diagram of blanking state.Below using Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as specific example, implement acid oxidation aluminium to using the device of the invention
It is introduced during carrying out practically when crust-breaking & baiting and the method for flue gas separation (referring to Fig. 1-3):
Referring to Fig. 1, when crust breaking, the opposite blanking tube 32 under the driving of power mechanism 1 of drive rod 3 is moved downward, crust breaking end
13 move downward and move to the lower section of feeding port 27, and the oxidation in the aluminium cell of acid oxidation aluminium 16 with drive rod 3
It is punched on aluminium crust 21, gets through to form blanking access, flue gas is formed by 18 evolution in acute conjunctivitis from punching.During being somebody's turn to do simultaneously,
Since drive rod 3 moves downward, the blanking regulating part 4 moved therewith closes the feed opening 23 of 2 bottom of hopper, blanking regulating part
7 open the feed opening 24 of 6 bottom of constant-volume blanking chamber, and the acid oxidation aluminium material in constant-volume blanking chamber 6 falls to blanking
Chamber 8, and the flue gas flowed in blanking chamber 8 flows up into constant-volume blanking chamber 6, in this process acid oxidation aluminium
Material and flue gas are in counter current contacting, form bilateral flow；Acid oxidation aluminium material absorbs the pernicious gases such as the fluoride in flue gas,
Flue gas then passes through contact and carries out hot transmitting, and heat is transmitted to material, so that dried material, improves acid oxidation aluminium in electrolytic cell 16
In dissolved efficiency.Flue gas through bilateral flow enters cigarette through smoke collection pipe 14 from the exhanst gas outlet 31 on 6 top of constant-volume blanking chamber
Gas chamber 15；And in crust breaking state, the feed opening 25 of 8 bottom of blanking chamber is closed by blanking regulating part 9, prevents acid oxidation aluminium object
Material falls, while the flue gas escaped in the slave acute conjunctivitis 18 collected in gas gathering mask 12 gathers in blanking chamber 10 through smoke inlet 11.
Referring to fig. 2, after crust breaking, into blanking process.The opposite blanking tube 32 under the effect of power mechanism 1 of drive rod 3
It moves upwards.Blanking regulating part 4 is separated with the feed opening 23 of 2 bottom of hopper, so that the feed opening 23 is opened, acid oxidation aluminium
Material enters constant-volume blanking chamber 6 from hopper 2.Blanking regulating part 7 and the feed opening 24 of 6 bottom of constant-volume blanking chamber are closed, under
Material regulating part 9 is separated with the feed opening 25 of 8 bottom of blanking chamber, opens the feed opening 25；Flue gas is under the entrance of blanking chamber 10
Material chamber 8 simultaneously starts to gather；And acid oxidation aluminium material then enters blanking chamber 10 from blanking chamber 8, and then passes through feeding port 27
Drop down onto the acute conjunctivitis 18 of electrolytic cell 16；In this process, acid oxidation aluminium material flows downward to be formed with flowing up for flue gas
Counter current contacting, flue gas are passed through the flowing for enhancing material, and material is finally made to remain higher just mild preferable flowing
Property enters electrolytic cell 16, and flue gas is then by acid oxidation aluminium material adsorption cleaning.
In above process, when crust breaking, flue gas is emerged from acute conjunctivitis, into gas gathering mask 12, then passes through 10 side wall of blanking chamber
Smoke inlet 11 enter and blanking chamber 10 and be gathered in top；When blanking, flue gas enters blanking chamber 8, when crust breaking next time
When, constant-volume blanking chamber 6 is entered back into, smoke chamber 15 is finally reached.
It can control the material total amount for entering electrolytic cell every time by constant-volume blanking chamber 6, blanking chamber 8 can provide gas-solid pair
Stream heat exchange and gas cleaning, allow material and flue gas bidirectional convection current, can purifying smoke and dried material, while passing through gas
Stream liquidates, and enhances material fluidity, so that material is dissolved with diffusion rate faster after entering electrolytic cell 16.Blanking chamber 10 is used for will
Material is passed through in electrolytic cell 16, while controlling amount of flue gas emission, to more effectively control the flowing and contact effect of flue gas and material
Fruit.
Since drive rod 3 is during opposite blanking tube 32 moves up and down, one of two neighboring feed opening is closed or beats
When opening, another feed opening is opened or closed accordingly, so that the acid oxidation aluminium material in hopper 2 is with each feed opening
Opening and gradually flow downward, and make the flue gas flowed in blanking chamber 10 with the opening of each feed opening and gradually to
Upper flowing, and with the acid oxidation aluminium material counter current contacting that flows downward；The number of this counter current contacting can be according to blanking chamber
Number increase and decrease and increase and decrease, such as when setting there are two blanking chamber 6,8, can achieve counter current contacting twice, and if desired more
Secondary counter current contacting can add blanking chamber accordingly.
Using example
Acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus are installed on the 350kA aluminium cell of factory's operation
(hereinafter referred to as crust-breaking & baiting device), the specific structure of aluminium cell be it is known in the art, do not repeat.Partial electrolysis slot 16
Schematic diagram is as shown in figure 3, the anode rod 19 on 16 top of electrolytic cell is connected to steel pawl 20, the fixed anode 22 of steel pawl 20, anode
Insulation material 21 namely alumina crust are covered between 22.Crust-breaking & baiting device 17 provided by the invention is located between anode 22,
21 top of insulation material, the hopper 2 of crust-breaking & baiting device 17 are communicated with the device for externally supplying material, and power mechanism 1 is driven using cylinder
Dynamic, blanking number is controlled at 2-3min/ times, and discharge quantity is controlled at 1.2-1.8kg/ times, and smoke chamber 15 is located at outside electrolytic cell 16,
Convenient for management.Acute conjunctivitis can constantly emerge flue gas, mainly CO, CO after crust-breaking & baiting device 17 completes crust breaking every time2With the gases such as HF,
These gases enter gas gathering mask 12, and enter blanking chamber 10 by smoke inlet 11；When crust breaking and blanking carry out, flue gas and object
Expect bilateral flow, adsorbed and exchanged heat, it is preheated after fluorine-containing acid system aluminium oxide, into the dissolution diffusion after electrolytic cell
More preferably, the stability of electrolytic cell significantly improves, and the precipitating of generation greatly reduces, while current efficiency also reaches 94%.
And traditional existing aluminium oxide crust-breaking & baiting device, without warm during alumina blanking；And due to
Electrolyte bath reaction temperature is very high, and up to 700 DEG C or more, the aluminium oxide temperature not preheated is lower, generation agglomeration easy to reunite, molten
It is slower to solve speed, heat absorption is more, it is easier to be deposited in bottom cathode carbon block, destroy the good operation of electrolytic cell.In contrast, adopting
With acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus of the invention, in acid oxidation aluminium blanking process can and flue gas
Contact preheating, the acid oxidation aluminium solubility property and diffusion after preheating are more preferable, and precipitating is reduced, the thermal balance of electrolytic cell
It is easier to maintain, so that the stability of electrolytic cell is obviously improved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that under the introduction of this specification, the present invention can be made some modifications or
Adjustment.These modifications or adjustment should also be as within the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, which is characterized in that including hopper, blanking tube,
Blanking chamber, gas gathering mask, smoke chamber, transmission mechanism, power mechanism and crust breaking end, wherein
The inner cavity of the blanking tube is from top to bottom successively separated at least two blanking chambers, and each blanking cavity bottom is equipped with down
Material mouth, and the blanking chamber is connected by the feed opening blanking chamber adjacent with what is be disposed below of its bottom；
The hopper is set to above the blanking tube, and the hopper bottom is equipped with what the blanking chamber adjacent with the hopper was connected
Feed opening；The blanking chamber is set to blanking chamber adjacent with the blanking chamber below the blanking tube and passes through under its bottom
Material mouth is connected to the blanking chamber, and the blanking chamber bottom is equipped with feeding port；
The transmission mechanism runs through each feed opening, and the transmission mechanism can be opposite under the driving of the power mechanism
The blanking tube moves up and down, and during up and down motion, the transmission mechanism can close or open each feed opening, and
When one of two neighboring feed opening is closed or opened, another feed opening is opened or closed accordingly；The crust breaking end peace
Loaded on the transmission mechanism bottom and the lower section of the feeding port can be moved downward and moved to the transmission mechanism；
The gas gathering mask is set to blanking chamber periphery, and the bottom of gas gathering mask is provided with flue gas collection port, blanking chamber side wall be equipped with and
The smoke inlet of gas gathering mask connection；The top of the blanking chamber adjacent with the hopper be equipped with exhanst gas outlet, the smoke chamber with
The exhanst gas outlet connection.
2. acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting according to claim 1 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, which is characterized in that institute
One group of feed opening regulating part that transmission mechanism includes drive rod He is arranged on the transmission rod is stated, one group of feed opening regulating part includes
Multiple feed opening regulating parts compatible with each feed opening respectively, drive rod energy under power mechanism driving
The relatively described blanking tube moves up and down, and one group of feed opening regulating part can close during the drive rod moves up and down
Or one of open each feed opening, and make two neighboring feed opening when being closed or opened, another feed opening is corresponding
Be opened or closed.
3. acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting according to claim 2 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, which is characterized in that institute
The opening for stating feed opening is cylindrical, and the feed opening regulating part includes cylindrical body compatible with the feed opening,
The top end surface or bottom end face of the cylindrical body are equipped with rotary table.
4. acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting according to claim 1-3 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, special
Sign is that the blanking chamber adjacent with the hopper is provided for the constant-volume blanking chamber of control acid oxidation aluminium single discharge quantity
Room.
5. acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting according to claim 4 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, which is characterized in that institute
The bottom of the bottom and/or other blanking chambers other than the constant-volume blanking chamber of stating hopper is respectively equipped with blanking buffering
Baffle, the blanking cushioning fender are equipped with the opening as the feed opening, and the blanking cushioning fender is in ramped shaped, and is made
The region that is surrounded of blanking cushioning fender gradually towards the feed opening constriction being set on the blanking cushioning fender.
6. acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting according to claim 5 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, which is characterized in that institute
The gradient for stating blanking cushioning fender is 30-60 °.
7. acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting according to claim 4 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, which is characterized in that institute
The top for stating hopper is the up big and down small truncated cone-shaped of internal diameter, and the lower part of the hopper is cylinder；
And/or the smoke inlet is set to the top of the blanking chamber side wall.
8. acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting according to claim 4 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus, which is characterized in that institute
The feeding port of lower part to the bottom of the blanking chamber of blanking chamber inner cavity is stated in the trend of gradually constriction.
9. a kind of aluminium cell, which is characterized in that the aluminium cell is equipped with the described in any item acid system oxygen of claim 1-8
Change aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation integrated apparatus.
10. a kind of utilize the described in any item acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baitings of claim 1-8 and flue gas separation integrated apparatus
The method for carrying out acid oxidation aluminium crust-breaking & baiting and flue gas separation, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
The transmission mechanism relatively described blanking tube under the driving of the power mechanism moves downward, and the crust breaking end is with described
Transmission mechanism moves downward and moves to the lower section of the feeding port, and in the aluminium cell for being electrolysed acid oxidation aluminium
It is punched on alumina crust, flue gas is formed by acute conjunctivitis from punching and escapes；
The gas gathering mask collects the flue gas, and smoke inlet of the flue gas through the blanking chamber side wall is from described in gas gathering mask entrance
Blanking chamber；
The transmission mechanism is during the blanking tube moves up and down relatively under the driving of the power mechanism, hopper and each
The feed opening of blanking chamber is opened or closed respectively, and when one of two neighboring feed opening is closed or opened, another
A feed opening is opened or closed accordingly, so that opening of the acid oxidation aluminium material in hopper with each feed opening
And it gradually flows downward, and to flow to the indoor flue gas of blanking with the opening of each feed opening and gradually to upstream
It is dynamic；When the feed opening between two adjacent blanking chambers is opened, wherein in underlying blanking chamber to
The acid oxidation aluminium material counter current contacting to flow downward in the flue gas of upper flowing and the blanking chamber being located above；
When flow of flue gas to the blanking chamber adjacent with hopper, the exhanst gas outlet that the top through the blanking chamber is equipped with enters institute
State smoke chamber；When acid oxidation aluminium Flow of Goods and Materials to the blanking chamber adjacent with blanking chamber, the feed opening through the blanking chamber
The blanking chamber is flowed into, and carries out counter current contacting with the flue gas flowed up by blanking chamber through the feed opening of the blanking chamber, it
The acute conjunctivitis is dropped down by the feeding port of the blanking chamber.
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| CN201910798996.8A CN110438530B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Acid-process alumina crust breaking, blanking and flue gas separation integrated device and method |
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| CN201910798996.8A CN110438530B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Acid-process alumina crust breaking, blanking and flue gas separation integrated device and method |
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| CN111926347A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-11-13 | 河南中孚铝业有限公司 | High-altitude automatic feeding device for electrolytic cell workshop |
| CN113122883A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-16 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Preheating method for aluminum oxide on upper part of aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN114059100A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-18 | 张天予 | Aluminum electrolysis device |
| CN114134540A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-04 | 邹平县宏正新材料科技有限公司 | Intelligent crust breaking device for electrolytic cell |
| CN114717610A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-07-08 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for reducing potassium content in aluminum electrolysis fluorine-carrying aluminum oxide |
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