CN113122039A - 一种抗菌弹性体配方 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗菌混凝剂溶液,其中所述抗菌混凝剂溶液为抗菌添加剂和混凝剂溶液的混合物。所述抗菌添加剂配方包括(i)天然成分,(ii)有机酸和(iii)水。所述混凝剂溶液包括(i)凝固剂、(ii)抗粘着剂,(iii)润湿剂,(iv)pH调节剂和(v)溶剂。此外,本发明公开了一种抗菌弹性体制品,其包含由所述抗菌混凝剂溶液制备的抗菌涂层。抗菌弹性体制品为一种抗菌手套。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗菌弹性体制品,其中所述抗菌弹性体制品包括抗菌涂层。抗菌涂层是由含有源自天然成分的抗菌添加剂的抗菌混凝剂溶液制备而成。
背景技术
微生物的生长和增殖通常是由于长期暴露在温暖潮湿的环境中。微生物很容易在与环境接触的物体上繁殖。因此,抗菌剂已被纳入许多不同的基质,以防止和控制微生物的生长。
此外,由于公众对致病性影响的健康意识日益增强,为了尽量减少甚至消除微生物在各种产品上的生长,特别是手套和个人护理用品,对产品的深入研究和开发已经推进。微生物污染是一个非常令人担忧的问题,主要表现为医院使用的手套作为个人防护用品。医院感染主要由多种物种引起,比如大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、化脓性链球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)。
因此,随着消费者越来越意识到某些微生物对个人卫生的影响和健康风险,对抗菌手套的需求量逐年增加。
在过去开发抗菌弹性体产品,特别是抗菌手套的尝试中,化学品作为抗菌添加剂。然而,长期使用化学品可能会产生无法预料的副作用。因此,需要用天然成分代替化学品,并且需要确定使用从天然成分中衍生的抗菌添加剂的配方,以克服上述挫折。
发明概要
本发明涉及一种抗菌混凝剂溶液。所述抗菌混凝剂溶液是抗菌添加剂和混凝剂溶液的混合物。所述抗菌添加剂包括(i)1.00%~2.00%(w/v)的天然成分,(ii)0.50%~2.00%(v/v)的有机酸,和(iii)用量使所述抗菌添加剂的重量达到100%的水。所述混凝剂溶液包括(i)8.00%~10.00%(w/w)的混凝剂,(ii)1.50%~2.00%(w/w)的抗粘着剂,(iii)0.08%至0.50%(w/w)的润湿剂,(iv)0.002%至0.006%(w/w)的pH调节剂,和(v)用量使所述混凝剂溶液的重量达到100%的溶剂。此外,本发明还公开了一种抗菌弹性体制品,包括由所述抗菌混凝剂溶液制备的抗菌涂层。抗菌弹性体制品为一种抗菌手套。
附图简要说明
从下面给出的详细描述和附图中可以充分理解本发明,附图仅作为说明,因此不限制本发明,其中:
在附图中:
图1显示根据本发明实施例生产抗菌手套的方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
本文公开了本发明的优选实施方案的详细描述。然而,应当理解的是,实施方案仅仅是本发明的示例,本发明可以以各种形式实施。因此,本文所公开的细节不应被解释为限制性的,而仅仅被解释为权利要求的基础和本发明领域的技术人员的教学基础。本规范中使用的数值数据或范围不应被解释为限制性的。下面将根据附图描述优选实施方案的详细说明。
本发明涉及一种抗菌弹性体制品,其中所述抗菌弹性体制品包括抗菌涂层。所述抗菌涂层是由含有源自天然成分的抗菌添加剂的抗菌混凝剂溶液制备而成。所述天然成分为壳聚糖。所述抗菌弹性体制品为一种抗菌手套。
在本发明中,术语“涂层”涉及在制造过程中的多个阶段在手套成型器上形成一层薄膜以获得手套成品。本发明的手套成品由一层以上的涂层组成,如混凝剂涂层、乳胶涂层等。
本发明的第一方面涉及一种抗菌混凝剂溶液,其中所述抗菌混凝剂溶液为抗菌添加剂和混凝剂溶液的混合物。
在本发明中,术语“抗菌添加剂”意指由能够杀死或抑制微生物生长的天然成分展示的抗菌性能。
所述抗菌添加剂包括(i)天然成分,(ii)有机酸和(iii)用量使所述抗菌添加剂的重量达到100%的水。所述天然成分为壳聚糖。所述天然成分的用量为1.00%~2.00%(w/v),优选为1.10%~1.50%(w/v),更优选为1.20%(w/v)。所述有机酸为乙酸和/或盐酸。所述有机酸的用量为0.50%~2.00%(v/v),优选为0.70%~1.90%(v/v),更优选为1.80%(v/v)。
表1显示了抗菌添加剂的配方。
表1:抗菌添加剂的配方
将根据表1制备的抗菌添加剂以0.10%~0.40%(w/w),优选0.15%~0.35%(w/w),更优选0.20%(w/w)的量添加到混凝剂溶液中,以制备抗菌混凝剂溶液。所述抗菌添加剂的用量是根据混凝剂溶液的量制备的,其中所述天然成分(w/v)与所述有机酸(v/v)的用量比为2:3。
所述混凝剂溶液包括(i)混凝剂,(ii)抗粘着剂,(iii)润湿剂,(iv)pH调节剂和(v)溶剂。
所述混凝剂为硝酸钙和/或氯化钙,优选为硝酸钙。所述混凝剂的用量为8.00%~10.00%(w/w),优选为8.10%~9.90%(w/w),更优选为8.90%(w/w)。
所述抗粘着剂为硬脂酸钾和/或硬脂酸钙,优选为硬脂酸钾。所述抗粘着剂的用量为1.50%~2.00%(w/w),优选为1.60%~1.90%(w/w),更优选为1.80%(w/w)。
所述润湿剂为非离子表面活性剂和/或阴离子表面活性剂。所述非离子表面活性剂为醇乙氧基化物(例如异十三烷醇乙氧基化物(isotridecanol ethoxylates)和/或环氧乙烷)。所述阴离子表面活性剂为N-十八烷基琥珀酰胺磺酸二钠(disodium N-octadecylsulphosuccinamate)、琥珀酸二己酯磺酸钠(sodium dihexylsulfosuccinate)、琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠(sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate)或其组合。所述润湿剂优选为异十三烷醇乙氧基化物。所述润湿剂的用量为0.08%~0.50%(w/w),优选0.10%~0.45%(w/w),更优选为0.12%(w/w)。所述润湿剂的作用是改善模具的均匀润湿,以使乳胶层更好地粘附在混凝剂涂层上。
所述pH调节剂为氨、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化铵或其组合,优选为氨。所述pH调节剂的用量为0.002%~0.006%(w/w),优选为0.003%~0.005%(w/w),更优选为0.004%(w/w)。所述pH调节剂的作用是调节混凝剂的碱度,使乳胶层在混凝剂涂层上的粘附均匀。
所述溶剂为自来水、蒸馏水、去离子水或其组合,优选为自来水。所述溶剂的用量为使所述混凝剂溶液的重量达到100%。
表2显示了混凝剂溶液的配方。
表2:混凝剂溶液的配方
本发明的第二方面讨论本发明的抗菌手套。本发明的抗菌手套包括至少一层涂层,其中所述涂层为抗菌涂层。所述抗菌涂层由上述抗菌混凝剂溶液制备而成。
本发明的抗菌手套是采用手套制造业中常用的方法制备的。本发明的抗菌手套包括但不限于氯化抗菌手套、聚合物涂层抗菌手套、粉末抗菌手套。
图1显示根据本发明示例性实施例的用于生产抗菌手套的方法的流程图。
一种制备抗菌手套(10)的方法,包括以下步骤:
(i)在55℃~65℃的温度下,将至少一层抗菌凝固剂溶液(如第一方面所述)施加在模具上,持续10秒~15秒,在所述模具上产生抗菌混凝剂涂层,其中所述涂层可通过将所述模具浸入含有所述抗菌混凝剂溶液的浸渍罐或将所述抗菌混凝剂溶液喷于所述模具上,所述涂层可离线和/或在线进行(101);
(ii)在130℃~140℃的烘箱中,将步骤(i)中获得的抗菌混凝剂涂层干燥2分钟~3分钟(102);
(iii)在50℃~65℃的温度下,将在步骤(ii)中获得的模具浸入至少一个含有乳胶配方的乳胶浸渍罐中,持续1分钟~2分钟,以产生涂覆在模具上的乳胶层,其中所述乳胶配方至少包含原料聚合物、分散剂、活化剂、pH调节剂、交联剂、促进剂、润湿剂和消泡剂(103);
(iv)在50℃~70℃的温度下,将步骤(iii)中获得的涂覆在模具上的乳胶层干燥1分钟~2分钟,以获得干燥的乳胶膜(104);
(v)在60℃~70℃的温度下,用热水将在步骤(iv)中获得的涂覆在模具上的干燥乳胶膜预浸渍1分钟~2分钟,以滤出多余的化学残留物,从而获得预浸渍乳胶膜(105);
(vi)在115℃~140℃的烘箱中,将步骤(v)中获得的涂覆在模具上的预浸渍乳胶膜固化12分钟~15分钟,以产生固化乳胶膜(106);
(vii)用热水在60℃~65℃的温度下将在步骤(vi)中获得的涂覆在模具上的固化乳胶膜后浸渍0.5分钟~1.5分钟,以滤出多余的化学残留物,从而获得后浸渍乳胶膜(107);
(viii)在100℃~115℃的烘箱中将在步骤(vii)中获得的涂覆在模具上的后浸渍乳胶膜干燥1分钟~2分钟,以制备抗菌手套(108);及
(ix)将步骤(ix)中获得的抗菌手套从模具上(109)上剥离。
上述方法论述了在线工艺制备抗菌手套的方法,其中在在线浸渍工艺中施加抗菌混凝剂溶液,但不限于此。
对对照手套和本发明的抗菌手套进行抗菌效能试验。研究了该手套对大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、化脓性链球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)7种细菌的抗菌性能。抗菌效果按ASTM D7907标准试验方法测定。所得结果见表3。
表3:对照手套和本发明的抗菌手套的抗菌效果
结果表明,本发明抗菌手套能杀灭大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、化脓性链球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)7种细菌。对照手套的抗菌效果显著低于本发明的抗菌手套。此外,当抗菌手套暴露于细菌的持续时间增加时,抗菌效果增加。
另外,通过测量接触角的方法,测试了不含抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液和含抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液的润湿性能。所得结果见表4。
表4:不含抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液和含有抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液的润湿性能
结果表明,与不含抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液相比,含抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液具有更低的接触角,这表明它比不含抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液具有更好的润湿性能。
本发明的抗菌手套可用于各种应用,例如但不限于洁净室、食品处理、化妆品、生物医学、半导体、电气和/或医疗保健。此外,本发明的教导不限于手套,因为本领域技术人员可以将本发明的教导用于展示类似弹性体特性的任何其他弹性体制品,例如牙科挡块、避孕套、手指套等。
总的来说,本发明的抗菌手套能够克服传统手套的缺点,因为本发明包含抗菌添加剂的抗菌手套能够利用天然成分作为抗菌添加剂。此外,使用本发明抗菌添加剂的混凝剂溶液的润湿性也表明,所述混凝剂溶液能够轻易且均匀地覆盖所述模具。因此,使用天然成分作为抗菌添加剂的本发明的抗菌混凝剂溶液能够消除化学品作为抗菌添加剂的使用。
本文中使用的术语仅用于描述特定示例实施例,但并不限于此。如本文所用,单数形式“a”、“an”和“the”也可以意为包括复数形式,除非上下文另有明确指示。术语“包括”、“包含”、“由……组成”和“具有”范围广泛,因此规定了所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在,但不排除由此存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或组。
本文所述的方法、步骤、过程和操作不应被解释为必须要求它们按照所讨论或说明的特定顺序来执行,除非特别标识为一种履行顺序。还应理解,可采用附加或替代步骤。“至少”或“至少一个”的表达使用建议使用一个或多个元素,因为在实施方案中的一个可以用于实现一个或多个期望的目标或结果。
Claims (16)
1.一种抗菌混凝剂溶液,其为抗菌添加剂和混凝剂溶液的混合物,其特征在于,所述抗菌添加剂包括(i)天然成分,(ii)有机酸,和(iii)用量使所述抗菌添加剂的重量达到100%的水,其中,所述天然成分为壳聚糖,所述有机酸为乙酸和/或盐酸,所述混凝剂溶液包括(i)凝固剂,(ii)抗粘着剂,(iii)润湿剂,(iv)pH调节剂,和(v)溶剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述天然成分的用量为1.00%w/v~2.00%w/v。
3.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述有机酸的用量为0.50%v/v~2.00%v/v。
4.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述混凝剂为硝酸钙和/或氯化钙。
5.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述混凝剂的用量为8.00%w/w~10.00%w/w。
6.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述抗粘着剂为硬脂酸钾和/或硬脂酸钙。
7.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,其中所述抗粘着剂的用量为1.50%w/w~2.00%w/w。
8.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述润湿剂为非离子表面活性剂和/或阴离子表面活性剂,其中,所述非离子表面活性剂为醇乙氧基化物,所述醇乙氧基化物为异十三烷醇乙氧基化物和/或环氧乙烷,所述阴离子表面活性剂为N-十八烷基琥珀酰胺磺酸二钠、琥珀酸二己酯磺酸钠、琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠或其组合。
9.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述润湿剂的用量为0.08%w/w~0.50%w/w。
10.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述pH调节剂为氨、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化铵或其组合。
11.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述pH调节剂的用量为0.002%w/w~0.006%w/w。
12.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述溶剂为自来水、蒸馏水、去离子水或其组合。
13.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述溶剂的用量为使所述混凝剂溶液的重量达到100%。
14.如权利要求1所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液,其特征在于,所述抗菌添加剂以0.1%w/w~0.4%w/w的量添加到所述混凝剂溶液中,以制备所述抗菌混凝剂溶液。
15.一种包括至少一层涂层的抗菌弹性体制品,其特征在于,所述涂层为抗菌涂层,其中,所述抗菌涂层由权利要求1~14所述的抗菌混凝剂溶液制备。
16.如权利要求15所述的抗菌弹性体制品,其特征在于,所述抗菌弹性体制品为一种抗菌手套。
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