CN113121487A - Method for extracting dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves - Google Patents
Method for extracting dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN113121487A CN113121487A CN202110436078.8A CN202110436078A CN113121487A CN 113121487 A CN113121487 A CN 113121487A CN 202110436078 A CN202110436078 A CN 202110436078A CN 113121487 A CN113121487 A CN 113121487A
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- ampelopsis grossedentata
- dihydromyricetin
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- KJXSIXMJHKAJOD-LSDHHAIUSA-N (+)-dihydromyricetin Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@H](C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)=O)O)=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 KJXSIXMJHKAJOD-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 241001018563 Nekemias grossedentata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- KQILIWXGGKGKNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydromyricetin Natural products OC1C(=C(Oc2cc(O)cc(O)c12)c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3)O KQILIWXGGKGKNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 60
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 3
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000563984 Ampelopsis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009388 Parthenocissus quinquefolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010812 external standard method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- YTJSFYQNRXLOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecylsilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[SiH3] YTJSFYQNRXLOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/22—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
- C07D311/26—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
- C07D311/28—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only
- C07D311/32—2,3-Dihydro derivatives, e.g. flavanones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/22—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
- C07D311/26—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
- C07D311/40—Separation, e.g. from natural material; Purification
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which comprises the following steps: taking Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves and water, and mixing the components in a material-liquid ratio of 1: (25-35) mixing; heating and refluxing the mixed system at 80-98 deg.c for 0.4-0.6 hr, and collecting the extracted liquid. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the inventor of the invention unexpectedly discovers that the extraction rate of the dihydromyricetin can be greatly improved by adopting a heating reflux mode and matching with adjustment of a material-liquid ratio and heating reflux conditions in the process of extracting the dihydromyricetin from the ampelopsis grossedentata leaves by adopting a traditional method, wherein the extraction rate is very low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extraction of effective components of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves.
Background
The Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves are derived from Ampelopsis grossedentata (hand-Mazz) W.T.Wang of Ampelopsis of Vitaceae (Vitaceae) Ampelopsis, have a plurality of production places, are mainly distributed in areas in the south of the Yangtze river such as Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi, Fujian and the like in China, and are one of the two-purpose traditional Chinese medicines for medicine and tea, which are researched more in recent years. After the tender stems and leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata are dried in the sun, the tea leaves are green and white, commonly called vine tea, after being brewed with boiled water, the vine tea has slightly bitter and sweet taste, has nearly thousand years of drinking history, and is commonly used for preventing and treating liver fire excess, sphagitis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the like. Wherein, dihydromyricetin is the most main active component, and the content can reach more than 30%. Modern scientific research shows that dihydromyricetin has various biological activities of scavenging free radicals, improving immunity of organisms, resisting tumors, protecting nerves, regulating blood fat, protecting liver and the like, and is a material basis of various health promotion functions of Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves. The dihydromyricetin has obvious pharmacological efficacy and unique action, and has good clinical application and product development prospects.
The traditional method for extracting dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves comprises the following steps:
a method for rapidly extracting high-purity dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: drying leaves, and crushing to 10-20 meshes; (2) soaking and washing: soaking in water at the material liquid mass volume ratio of 1:100(g/mL) at normal temperature for 6 hours; (3) extraction: adding water again, extracting at 95 deg.C for 60min, and separating the extractive solution while it is hot; (4) and (3) crystallization: cooling the extracting solution at room temperature or refrigeration, promoting crystallization at 4-10 ℃, and filtering to obtain a crude product; (5) and (3) recrystallization: adding boiling water until the crude product is completely dissolved, recrystallizing, and filtering mother liquor to obtain the product.
A method for improving yield of dihydromyricetin in ampelopsis grossedentata comprises the following steps: (1) picking fresh Chongqing unitary ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, and baking the ampelopsis grossedentata leaves for 1h at the temperature of 100 ℃;
(2) pulverizing oven-dried Ampelopsis grossedentata, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain Ampelopsis grossedentata powder;
(3) weighing 100g of Ampelopsis grossedentata powder, adding into 2000mL of 95% ethanol solution, performing ultrasonic extraction for 30min, and filtering to obtain dihydromyricetin extractive solution; (4) and (3) placing the dihydromyricetin extracting solution prepared in the step (3) in a rotary evaporator, concentrating under reduced pressure in a water bath at the temperature of 50 ℃, recovering ethanol until no alcohol smell exists, adding 1000mL of boiling water for dissolving, placing in a low-temperature environment at the temperature of 4 ℃ for cooling and crystallizing, filtering, and drying a filter cake at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the dihydromyricetin extract.
A method for separating and purifying dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves comprises the following steps: (1) crushing dry Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding an ethanol aqueous solution with the concentration of 40-80%, wherein the material-liquid ratio is that the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves (weight kg): extracting with ethanol water solution (volume L) of 1:20 at room temperature under stirring for 60min, and filtering to obtain extractive solution; (2) the extracting solution passes through a microfiltration primary membrane and an ultrafiltration secondary membrane in turn to obtain a purified extracting solution; (3) vacuum concentrating the purified extract obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 60 ℃, and recovering ethanol to obtain a concentrated solution; (4) regulating the pH of the concentrated solution obtained in the step (3) to 2-3 by hydrochloric acid, standing for 48 hours at room temperature, filtering and collecting precipitates; (5) heating and dissolving the precipitate obtained in the step (4) by using 95% ethanol, removing insoluble impurities by using a microfiltration primary membrane, adding 4-10 times volume of water into the filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 2-3 by using hydrochloric acid, standing for 48 hours at room temperature, filtering and collecting the precipitate; (6) and (3) fully stirring the precipitate obtained in the step (5) with hot water of 90 ℃, dissolving, keeping the temperature, standing for 2-4 h, conventionally filtering the supernatant, adjusting the pH to 2-3 with hydrochloric acid, standing for 48h at room temperature, filtering, collecting the precipitate, and drying to obtain the pure dihydromyricetin.
A method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata comprises the following steps: (1) taking Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves and stems as raw materials, extracting with water or ethanol water solution at the extraction temperature of 50-90 ℃, filtering while hot, and repeatedly extracting for 2-3 times to obtain a crude extract; concentrating the crude extract to 3-8 times of the weight of the raw materials, cooling to 0-20 ℃, standing, pouring out the solution, washing the lower layer solid with normal temperature water for 2-3 times, and dissolving the solid with ethanol water solution to obtain solution; (2) separation and purification: adjusting the pH value of the solution obtained in the step (1) to 5-7, loading the solution on a molecular sieve chromatographic column, adsorbing the solution at a flow rate of 0.5-1.0 mL/min, eluting the solution with water to remove water-soluble impurities such as saccharides and macromolecular components, eluting the molecular sieve chromatographic column with an ethanol aqueous solution, collecting the eluate with high content of dihydromyricetin, and concentrating to obtain the dihydromyricetin.
The extraction of dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves in the conventional manner as exemplified above is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is necessary to solve the problem of low extraction rate of dihydromyricetin, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which has high extraction rate of dihydromyricetin.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which comprises the following steps:
taking Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves and water, and mixing the components in a material-liquid ratio of 1: (25-35) mixing;
heating and refluxing the mixed system at 80-98 deg.c for 0.4-0.6 hr, and collecting the extracted liquid.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of concentrating the extracting solution, wherein the step of concentrating comprises performing microfiltration on the extracting solution, and performing vacuum concentration on the clear solution obtained by microfiltration.
In one embodiment, the pore size of the filter membrane used for microfiltration is 400 nm-600 nm, or/and the filter membrane used for microfiltration is a ceramic membrane.
In one embodiment, the flow rate for microfiltration is 1.2L/min to 1.5L/min, and the temperature of the extracting solution is controlled to be 60 ℃ to 75 ℃ in the microfiltration process.
In one embodiment, the conditions employed for vacuum concentration include: the temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa to-0.08 MPa.
In one embodiment, the solid content of the product obtained by vacuum concentration is 20-60 wt%.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of drying the product obtained by vacuum concentration.
In one embodiment, the drying is by spray drying or/and vacuum freeze drying.
In one embodiment, the number of times of the heat reflux extraction is not less than 2.
In one embodiment, the manner in which the extract is collected is centrifugation.
In one embodiment, the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 3500 r/min-6500 r/min.
In one embodiment, the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves are fresh or dried Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the extraction rate of dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves is very low (usually 8-31%) by adopting a traditional method. The inventor of the invention unexpectedly finds that the extraction rate of the dihydromyricetin can be greatly improved (the extraction rate can reach more than 95%) by adopting a heating reflux mode and matching with adjustment of a material-liquid ratio and heating reflux conditions in the process of extracting the dihydromyricetin from the ampelopsis grossedentata leaves. And a plurality of batches of tests prove that the process has good stability and reproducibility.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The "feed-liquid ratio" in the embodiments of the present invention refers to the ratio of the mass of the solid "feed" to the volume of the "liquid" as the leaching solution. The unit of "feed" is g, mg, etc., and the unit of "liquid" is L, mL, etc., so that the unit of "feed-liquid ratio" is g/L, mg/L, g/mL, mg/mL, etc. The technical scheme of the invention is explained in the following by taking the unit of the material-liquid ratio of the example as g/mL.
The "solid content" described in the embodiments of the present invention is a mass percentage of a residue of a certain substance dried under a predetermined condition to the total amount of the substance, and is also called "non-volatile content".
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which comprises the following steps:
taking Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves and water, and mixing the components in a material-liquid ratio of 1: (25-35) mixing;
heating and refluxing the mixed system at 80-98 deg.c for 0.4-0.6 hr, and collecting the extracted liquid.
In one example, the method further comprises a step of concentrating the extracting solution, wherein the step of concentrating comprises performing microfiltration on the extracting solution, and performing vacuum concentration on the clear solution obtained by microfiltration.
In one example, the pore size of the filter membrane used for microfiltration is 400nm to 600 nm.
In one example, the membrane used for microfiltration is a ceramic membrane.
In one example, the flow rate for microfiltration is 1.2L/min to 1.5L/min, and the temperature of the extracting solution is controlled to be 60 ℃ to 75 ℃ in the microfiltration process.
Based on the selection of the filter membrane and the requirement of the microfiltration flow rate control, the embodiment of the invention needs to correspondingly control the equipment pressure in the microfiltration process, and generally realizes the requirement conditions that the pressure of the feed pump needs to be controlled at 145kPa to 190kPa, and the pressure of the circulating pump needs to be controlled at 280kPa to 420 kPa.
In the microfiltration process of the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the extracting solution is preferably controlled to be 60-75 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 50 ℃, precipitation of the dihydromyricetin can be intercepted due to low temperature during microfiltration, the transfer rate of the dihydromyricetin is influenced, and when the temperature is higher than 100 ℃, the dihydromyricetin can generate irreversible oxidation reaction. In order to realize accurate control of the temperature of the extracting solution, the extracting solution can be monitored in real time, and the monitoring frequency can be controlled to be 1 detection time every 15min, for example.
In one example, the conditions employed for vacuum concentration include: the temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.07 to-0.08 MPa a.
In one example, the solid content of the product obtained by vacuum concentration is 20 wt% to 60 wt%.
In one example, the method further comprises the step of drying the product obtained by vacuum concentration.
In one example, the drying is by spray drying or/and vacuum freeze drying. The spray drying may be low-temperature spray drying or freeze spray drying. In the embodiment of the invention, the conditions of low-temperature spray drying comprise: the air inlet temperature is 40-100 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 40-60 ℃; conditions for freeze spray drying include: the freezing temperature is-15 ℃, the cold trap temperature is-70 ℃, and the cold air volume is 5.5m3And/min. The conditions of vacuum freeze-drying include: controlling the temperature by adopting degree: a first period: precooling at the temperature of minus 30 ℃ to minus 20 ℃ for 10h to 12 h; a second period of time: 24 to 48 hours at the temperature of minus 80 ℃.
The product obtained by vacuum concentration can be freeze spray dried under the condition that the solid content is 20-30 wt%, and the product obtained by vacuum concentration can be vacuum freeze dried under the condition that the solid content is 30-60 wt%.
In one example, the number of times of the heat reflux extraction is not less than 2. Preferably, the extraction can be performed 2 times for cost and yield reasons. Taking the number of times of heating reflux extraction as 2 as an example, the method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
taking Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves and water, and mixing the components in a material-liquid ratio of 1: (25-35), heating and refluxing the mixed system at the temperature of 80-98 ℃ for 0.4-0.6 h, and collecting an extracting solution I and extracting residues;
taking the extraction slag and water, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: (25-35), heating and refluxing the mixed system at the temperature of 80-98 ℃ for 0.4-0.6 h, and collecting an extracting solution II;
mixing the extract I and the extract II.
In one example, the manner in which the extract is collected is centrifugation.
In one example, the rotation speed of the centrifugal separator is 3500 r/min-6500 r/min. It will be appreciated that the centrifugation described in the examples of the present invention may be a continuous centrifugation process, and does not involve any time, and that the pilot plant and production scale is centrifugation with discharge.
In one example, the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves can be dried Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves or fresh Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves that have not been dried. It will be appreciated that for ease of extraction, the fine crushed pieces of Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves of the embodiments of the present invention may be selected, for example, fine crushed pieces passing through a high efficiency turbine crusher and passing through a 3mm screen.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: and (3) putting the dried ampelopsis grossedentata leaf raw material into a high-efficiency turbine type pulverizer provided with a 3mm screen mesh for pulverizing to obtain fine ampelopsis grossedentata leaf fragments.
(2) Extracting and centrifuging:
uniformly mixing the fine crushed Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves obtained in the step (1) with purified water according to a feed-liquid ratio (unit is g/mL) of 1:30, controlling the temperature at 80 ℃, performing hot reflux extraction for 0.5h, and centrifuging to obtain primary centrifugate and primary centrifugate residue;
mixing the primary centrifugal slag and purified water according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:30, heating and refluxing at 80 ℃ for 0.5h, and centrifuging to obtain secondary centrifugal liquid and secondary centrifugal slag.
Wherein the centrifugation is carried out in a three-leg and high-speed centrifuge at 4000r/min for 3 min.
(3) And (3) microfiltration: and (3) combining the primary centrifugate and the secondary centrifugate obtained in the step (2) (to obtain a centrifugate containing 102.26% of dihydromyricetin), carrying out ceramic membrane microfiltration (500nm) while the centrifugate is hot, controlling the flow rate to be 1.3L/min, controlling the pressure of a feed pump to be 170kPa, controlling the pressure of a circulating pump to be 360Kpa, monitoring the temperature of the microfiltration concentrated solution for 15 min/time, and controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃ to obtain a microfiltration clear solution.
(4) And (3) vacuum concentration: and (4) carrying out vacuum concentration on the microfiltration clear liquid obtained in the step (4), wherein the vacuum concentration temperature is 70 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa, and the solid content is controlled to be 20-60%, so as to obtain a concentrated solution.
(5) And (3) drying: freezing and spray-drying the concentrated solution obtained in the step (4) (the conditions comprise that the spray freezing temperature is-15 ℃, the cold trap temperature is-70 ℃, and the cold air volume is 5.5m3Min) to obtain a dry substance, wherein the content of dihydromyricetin is 95%.
The content determination process and the content calculation formula of the dihydromyricetin are as follows:
(1) selection of chromatographic conditions
Octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica is used as filler, and methanol-0.05% phosphoric acid (55: 45) is used as mobile phase; the flow rate of the mobile phase is 1 mL/min; the detection wavelength is 291 nm; the column temperature is 25 ℃;
(2) preparation of control solutions
Accurately weighing 20mg of dihydromyricetin reference substance, placing in a 25mL measuring flask, dissolving with methanol and diluting to scale, shaking, filtering with 0.45 μm filter membrane to obtain 0.8mg/mL stock solution, sucking 1.0mL to 10mL volumetric flask from the stock solution during measurement, diluting with methanol to scale, and making into 0.08mg/mL dihydromyricetin reference solution for use.
(3) Preparation of test solution
Taking 0.5g of powder of a sample to be detected (crushed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve) of dried Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, precisely weighing, placing in a 25mL volumetric flask, adding 20mL of methanol, performing ultrasonic treatment (frequency of 25KHz) for 30min, placing at room temperature, using the methanol to fix the volume to 25mL, shaking up, precisely weighing 1.0mL, placing in a 100mL volumetric flask, diluting to scale with the methanol, shaking up, and filtering through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane for later use.
(4) Measurement of
Precisely sucking 5 μ L of each of the sample solution and the reference solution, injecting into liquid chromatograph, and measuring.
(5) Calculation of results
The content of dihydromyricetin in the test solution is calculated by adopting an external standard method, and the calculation formula of the content W of dihydromyricetin in the sample is as follows:
a.no. a1 · C · 25mL · 100/(AS · 1000 · m): a1 · C · 250/(AS · m): a.
A1-peak area of dihydromyricetin in sample solution;
AS-peak area of dihydromyricetin in control solution;
c — mass concentration in control solution in milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL);
m-the mass of the sample in grams (g).
The content (%) of dihydromyricetin is the content of dihydromyricetin in the dried product/Wx 100%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: and (3) putting the dried ampelopsis grossedentata leaf raw material into a high-efficiency turbine type pulverizer provided with a 3mm screen mesh for pulverizing to obtain fine ampelopsis grossedentata leaf fragments.
(2) Extracting and centrifuging:
uniformly mixing the fine crushed Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves obtained in the step (1) with purified water according to a feed-liquid ratio (unit is g/mL) of 1:25, controlling the temperature at 80 ℃, performing hot reflux extraction for 0.4h, and centrifuging to obtain primary centrifugate and primary centrifugate residue;
mixing the primary centrifugal slag and purified water according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:25, heating and refluxing at 80 ℃ for 0.4h, and centrifuging to obtain secondary centrifugal liquid and secondary centrifugal slag.
Wherein the centrifugation is carried out in a three-foot and high-speed centrifuge at 3800r/min for 2.5 min.
(3) And (3) microfiltration: and (3) combining the primary centrifugate and the secondary centrifugate obtained in the step (2) (to obtain a centrifugate containing 100.3% of dihydromyricetin), carrying out ceramic membrane microfiltration (400nm) while the centrifugate is hot, controlling the flow rate to be 1.2L/min, controlling the pressure of a feed pump to be 145kPa, controlling the pressure of a circulating pump to be 280kPa, monitoring the temperature of the microfiltration concentrated solution for 15 min/time, and controlling the temperature to be 60 ℃ to obtain a microfiltration clear solution.
(4) And (3) vacuum concentration: and (4) carrying out vacuum concentration on the microfiltration clear liquid obtained in the step (4), wherein the vacuum concentration temperature is 55 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and the solid content is controlled to be 20-60%, so as to obtain a concentrated solution.
(5) And (3) drying: and (4) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the concentrated solution obtained in the step (4) (the conditions comprise a first time period of precooling at-25 ℃ for 10 hours and a second time period of precooling at-80 ℃ for 30 hours) to obtain a dried product, wherein the content of the dihydromyricetin is 92.5%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for extracting dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf raw material into a high-efficiency turbine type pulverizer provided with a 3mm screen mesh for pulverizing to obtain the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf fine crushed product.
(2) Extracting and centrifuging:
uniformly mixing the fine crushed Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves obtained in the step (1) with purified water according to a feed-liquid ratio (unit is g/mL) of 1:35, controlling the temperature at 98 ℃, performing hot reflux extraction for 0.6h, and centrifuging to obtain primary centrifugate and primary centrifugate residue;
mixing the primary centrifugal slag and purified water according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:35, heating and refluxing at 98 ℃ for 0.6h, and centrifuging to obtain secondary centrifugal liquid and secondary centrifugal slag.
Wherein the centrifugation is carried out in a three-foot and high-speed centrifuge at 6500r/min for 3.5min to obtain centrifugate and centrifugate residue containing dihydromyricetin 102.26%.
(3) And (3) microfiltration: and (3) combining the primary centrifugate and the secondary centrifugate obtained in the step (2) (to obtain a centrifugate containing 100.15% of dihydromyricetin), carrying out ceramic membrane microfiltration (600nm) while the centrifugate is hot, controlling the flow rate to be 1.5L/min, controlling the pressure of a feed pump to be 190kPa, controlling the pressure of a circulating pump to be 420kPa, monitoring the temperature of the microfiltration concentrated solution for 15 min/time, and controlling the temperature to be 75 ℃ to obtain a microfiltration clear solution.
(4) And (3) vacuum concentration: and (4) carrying out vacuum concentration on the microfiltration clear liquid obtained in the step (4), wherein the vacuum concentration temperature is 80 ℃, and the solid content is controlled to be 20-60%, so as to obtain a concentrated solution.
(5) And (3) drying: freeze spray drying the concentrated solution obtained in step (4) (conditions include spray freezing temperature of-15 deg.C, cold trap temperature of-70 deg.C, and cold air volume of 5.5m3Min) to obtain a dry product with a dihydromyricetin content of 96.2%.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is that of example 1, the main difference with respect to example 1 being the use of leaching instead of heat reflux extraction. Specifically, the method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which is provided by the comparative example, comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf raw material into a high-efficiency turbine type pulverizer provided with a 3mm screen mesh for pulverizing to obtain the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf fine crushed product.
(2) Extracting and centrifuging:
uniformly mixing the fine crushed Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves obtained in the step (1) with purified water according to a material-to-liquid ratio (unit is g/mL) of 1:30, controlling the temperature at 80 ℃, leaching for 1h, and centrifuging to obtain primary centrifugate and primary centrifugate residue;
mixing the primary centrifugal slag and purified water according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:30, leaching for 1h at 80 ℃, and centrifuging to obtain secondary centrifugal liquid and secondary centrifugal slag.
Wherein the centrifugation is carried out in a three-leg and high-speed centrifuge at 4000r/min for 3 min.
(3) And (3) microfiltration: and (3) combining the primary centrifugate and the secondary centrifugate obtained in the step (2) (to obtain a centrifugate containing 75.5% of dihydromyricetin), carrying out ceramic membrane microfiltration (500nm) while the centrifugate is hot, controlling the flow rate to be 1.3L/min, controlling the pressure of a feed pump to be 170kPa, controlling the pressure of a circulating pump to be 360Kpa, monitoring the temperature of the microfiltration concentrated solution for 15 min/time, and controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃ to obtain a microfiltration clear solution.
(4) And (3) vacuum concentration: and (4) carrying out vacuum concentration on the microfiltration clear liquid obtained in the step (4), wherein the vacuum concentration temperature is 70 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa, and the solid content is controlled to be 20-60%, so as to obtain a concentrated solution.
(5) And (3) drying: freezing and spray-drying the concentrated solution obtained in the step (4) (the conditions comprise that the spray freezing temperature is-15 ℃, the cold trap temperature is-70 ℃, and the cold air volume is 5.5m3Min) to obtain a dry product with a dihydromyricetin content of 65%.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is the comparative example of example 1, and the main difference relative to example 1 is the material-liquid ratio. Specifically, the method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which is provided by the comparative example, comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf raw material into a high-efficiency turbine type pulverizer provided with a 3mm screen mesh for pulverizing to obtain the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf fine crushed product.
(2) Extracting and centrifuging:
uniformly mixing the fine crushed Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves obtained in the step (1) with purified water according to a feed-liquid ratio (unit is g/mL) of 1: 50, controlling the temperature at 90 ℃, performing hot reflux extraction for 0.5h, and centrifuging to obtain primary centrifugate and primary centrifugate residue;
mixing the primary centrifugal slag and purified water at a material-liquid ratio of 1: 50, heating and refluxing at 90 deg.C for 0.5h, and centrifuging to obtain secondary centrifugate and secondary centrifugal slag.
Wherein the centrifugation is carried out in a three-leg and high-speed centrifuge at 4000r/min for 3 min.
(3) And (3) microfiltration: and (3) combining the primary centrifugate and the secondary centrifugate obtained in the step (2) (to obtain a centrifugate containing 79.5% of dihydromyricetin), carrying out ceramic membrane microfiltration (500nm) while the centrifugate is hot, controlling the flow rate to be 1.3L/min, controlling the pressure of a feed pump to be 170kPa, controlling the pressure of a circulating pump to be 360Kpa, monitoring the temperature of the microfiltration concentrated solution for 15 min/time, and controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃ to obtain a microfiltration clear solution.
(4) And (3) vacuum concentration: and (4) carrying out vacuum concentration on the microfiltration clear liquid obtained in the step (4), wherein the vacuum concentration temperature is 70 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa, and the solid content is controlled to be 20-60%, so as to obtain a concentrated solution.
(5) And (3) drying: freezing and spray-drying the concentrated solution obtained in the step (4) (the conditions comprise that the spray freezing temperature is-15 ℃, the cold trap temperature is-70 ℃, and the cold air volume is 5.5m3Min) to obtain a dry product with a dihydromyricetin content of 70%.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is that of example 1, the main differences with respect to example 1 being the extraction temperature and duration. Specifically, the method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves, which is provided by the comparative example, comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf raw material into a high-efficiency turbine type pulverizer provided with a 3mm screen mesh for pulverizing to obtain the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaf fine crushed product.
(2) Extracting and centrifuging:
uniformly mixing the fine fragments of the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves obtained in the step (1) with purified water according to a material-liquid ratio (unit is g/mL _) of 1:30, controlling the temperature at 75 ℃, performing hot reflux extraction for 0.7h, and centrifuging to obtain primary centrifugate and primary centrifugal slag;
mixing the primary centrifugal slag and purified water according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:30, heating and refluxing at 75 ℃ for 0.7h, and centrifuging to obtain secondary centrifugal liquid and secondary centrifugal slag.
Wherein the centrifugation is carried out in a three-leg and high-speed centrifuge at 4000r/min for 3 min.
(3) And (3) microfiltration: and (3) combining the primary centrifugate and the secondary centrifugate obtained in the step (2) (to obtain a centrifugate containing 60% of dihydromyricetin), carrying out ceramic membrane microfiltration (500nm) while the centrifugate is hot, controlling the flow rate to be 1.3L/min, controlling the pressure of a feed pump to be 170kPa, controlling the pressure of a circulating pump to be 360Kpa, monitoring the temperature of the microfiltration concentrated solution for 15 min/time, and controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃ to obtain a microfiltration clear solution.
(4) And (3) vacuum concentration: and (4) carrying out vacuum concentration on the microfiltration clear liquid obtained in the step (4), wherein the vacuum concentration temperature is 70 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa, and the solid content is controlled to be 20-60%, so as to obtain a concentrated solution.
(5) And (3) drying: freezing and spray-drying the concentrated solution obtained in the step (4) (the conditions comprise that the spray freezing temperature is-15 ℃, the cold trap temperature is-70 ℃, and the cold air volume is 5.5m3Min) to obtain a dry product, wherein the yield of the dihydromyricetin is 54 percent.
Multiple batch stability and repeatability tests: the extraction was repeated for 10 batches with a batch size of 100kg, according to the technical conditions obtained in example 1, and the average content of dihydromyricetin in the dried product was determined to be 94.8% and RSD 3.5%. The process conditions are stable and the repeatability is good.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves and water, and mixing the components in a material-liquid ratio of 1: (25-35) mixing;
heating and refluxing the mixed system at 80-98 deg.c for 0.4-0.6 hr, and collecting the extracted liquid.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of concentrating the extract, wherein the step of concentrating comprises microfiltration of the extract and vacuum concentration of the resulting microfiltration supernatant.
3. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pore size of the filter membrane used for microfiltration is 400nm to 600nm, or/and the filter membrane used for microfiltration is a ceramic membrane.
4. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flow rate for microfiltration is 1.2L/min to 1.5L/min, and the temperature of the extract is controlled to be 60 ℃ to 75 ℃ during microfiltration.
5. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the vacuum concentration is carried out under conditions comprising: the temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.07-0.08 MPa.
6. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the solid content of the product obtained by vacuum concentration is 20 wt% to 60 wt%.
7. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4, wherein said method further comprises the step of drying the product obtained by vacuum concentration.
8. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in claim 7, wherein the drying is spray drying or/and vacuum freeze drying.
9. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4 and 8, wherein the number of times of heat reflux extraction is not less than 2; or/and the mode adopted for collecting the extracting solution is centrifugation; or/and the Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves are fresh or dried Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves.
10. The method for extracting dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves as claimed in claim 9, wherein the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 3500 r/min-6500 r/min.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106518829A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-03-22 | 张清峰 | Method for separating and purifying dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves |
| CN109305954A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-05 | 中南民族大学 | A method of isolating and purifying dihydromyricetin from vine tea |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106518829A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-03-22 | 张清峰 | Method for separating and purifying dihydromyricetin from ampelopsis grossedentata leaves |
| CN109305954A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-05 | 中南民族大学 | A method of isolating and purifying dihydromyricetin from vine tea |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114099523A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-01 | 怀化学院 | Hypoglycemic drug and preparation method and application thereof |
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