CN113113646A - Power supply system using hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents

Power supply system using hydrogen fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113113646A
CN113113646A CN202110245048.9A CN202110245048A CN113113646A CN 113113646 A CN113113646 A CN 113113646A CN 202110245048 A CN202110245048 A CN 202110245048A CN 113113646 A CN113113646 A CN 113113646A
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen storage
storage tank
hydrogen
fuel cell
flow
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CN202110245048.9A
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CN113113646B (en
Inventor
任杰
李明新
杨志祎
郭亚卿
鲍连福
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Jiayu Hydrogen Energy Technology Liaoning Co ltd
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Jiayu Hydrogen Energy Technology Liaoning Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H01M8/04738—Temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to an use hydrogen fuel cell's power supply system, belong to the field of hydrogen fuel cell power supply, a relatively poor problem of operating stability of generating electricity continuously for the power supply system who uses hydrogen fuel cell among the solution correlation technique, it includes hydrogen storage tank, fuel cell, temperature control device, flow collection system and controller, the collection flow that flow collection system generated reflects the rate that adds hydrogen to fuel cell, temperature control device can control the ambient temperature of hydrogen storage tank place thermal environment. In the system, the controller controls the rate of adding hydrogen to the fuel cell by controlling the ambient temperature of the thermal environment where the hydrogen storage tank is located based on the rate of adding hydrogen to the fuel cell reflected by the collected flow, so that the hydrogen can be added to the fuel cell at a stable rate, and the system is favorable for continuous and stable power generation operation.

Description

Power supply system using hydrogen fuel cell
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell power supply, and more particularly, to a power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
A hydrogen fuel cell is a cell that uses hydrogen gas as fuel. In a power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell, a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank is generally used to store hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen storage tank is heated by the residual heat of the fuel cell to release the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank and supply the hydrogen gas to the fuel cell for power generation.
In the process of outputting the stable power supply by the fuel cell, the hydrogen consumption rate is constant, but the hydrogen output rate of the hydrogen storage tank under the residual heat of the fuel cell is not constant, namely the hydrogen adding rate to the fuel cell is not constant, so that the stability of the power supply system for continuously generating power is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the stability of a power supply system in continuous power generation operation, the present application provides a power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell.
The power supply system using the hydrogen fuel cell adopts the following technical scheme:
a power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising: the system comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell, a temperature control device, a flow acquisition device and a controller;
the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the feed inlet of the fuel cell; the air outlet of the fuel cell is communicated and connected with the thermal environment of the hydrogen storage tank;
the temperature control device is arranged in the hot environment of the hydrogen storage tank; the flow collecting device is arranged at a node where an air outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with a feed inlet of the fuel cell;
the controller is configured to: and pre-storing a flow threshold range, and controlling the temperature regulating device when the acquired flow of the flow acquiring device exceeds the flow threshold range so as to enable the acquired flow to be in the flow threshold range.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the volume of metal hydride is fixed, and its speed of releasing hydrogen is definite with the relation of temperature promptly, based on this principle, when gathering the flow and surpassing the flow threshold value scope, the steerable temperature control device of controller is in order to change the ambient temperature of hydrogen storage tank place thermal environment, and then changes the speed that the hydrogen storage tank exported hydrogen to make the collection flow be in the flow threshold value scope, realized the rate that stable control adds hydrogen to fuel cell promptly, be favorable to improving the stability that power supply system carries out continuous power generation work.
Optionally, the method further includes: a temperature acquisition device;
the temperature acquisition device is arranged in the thermal environment of the hydrogen storage tank;
the controller is further configured to:
acquiring the residual hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank;
determining the relation among the residual hydrogen amount, the collection temperature and the collection flow based on the collection temperature of the temperature collection device and the collection flow of the flow collection device;
and pre-controlling the temperature control device according to the change trend of the residual hydrogen quantity based on the relation so as to stabilize the collected flow and reach the flow threshold range.
Optionally, the temperature acquisition devices are multiple, and the acquisition temperature is an average value of the acquisition temperatures of the multiple temperature acquisition devices.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to:
prestoring the standard capacity of the hydrogen storage tank;
acquiring the replacement time of the hydrogen storage tank;
and determining the residual hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank based on the collected flow by taking the replacement time as a time starting point.
Optionally, two hydrogen storage tanks are arranged, and the temperature control device and the temperature acquisition device are correspondingly controlled by two groups;
the valve system is used for controlling the communication state of the gas outlets of the two hydrogen storage tanks and the feed inlet of the fuel cell and the communication state of the air outlet of the fuel cell and the thermal environment where the hydrogen storage tanks are located, so that only one hydrogen storage tank works, and the temperature control device and the temperature acquisition device corresponding to the hydrogen storage tank work.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to:
when one hydrogen storage tank works, if the residual hydrogen quantity of the hydrogen storage tank is smaller than the hydrogen quantity threshold value, the other hydrogen storage tank is automatically switched to work and a notification message is generated.
Optionally, the temperature control device comprises a heater and a refrigerator.
Optionally, the hydrogen storage tank comprises one or more metal hydride hydrogen storage tanks.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. in a power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell, on the basis of the rate of adding hydrogen to the fuel cell reflected by the collected flow, the rate of adding hydrogen to the fuel cell is controlled by controlling the ambient temperature of the thermal environment where a hydrogen storage tank is located, so that the hydrogen can be added to the fuel cell at a stable rate, and the continuous and stable power generation work of the power supply system is facilitated;
2. two sets of temperature control devices and temperature acquisition devices are correspondingly arranged on the two hydrogen storage tanks, and when the hydrogen stored in one hydrogen storage tank is used up, the other hydrogen storage tank can be switched to work, so that the uninterrupted power supply of the power supply system is realized;
3. based on the relation between the residual hydrogen amount, the collection temperature and the collection flow, the temperature control device is controlled in advance according to the change of the residual hydrogen amount, so that the defect of time lag of a feedback regulation system is overcome, the possibility that the collection flow exceeds the flow threshold range is reduced, and the stability of a power supply system is further improved.
It should be understood that what is described in this summary section is not intended to limit key or critical features of the embodiments of the application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the application. Other features of the present application will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
The above and other features, advantages and aspects of various embodiments of the present application will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like or similar reference characters designate like or similar elements, and wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system configuration of a power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a system configuration of a power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
In this application to the ambient temperature of the thermal environment of mode control hydrogen storage tank place of temperature compensation, realize the comparatively accurate control of hydrogen storage tank output hydrogen rate, realized then with stable rate to fuel cell supply hydrogen, be favorable to using hydrogen fuel cell's power supply system to last stable work.
The first embodiment is as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system configuration of a power supply system 100 using a hydrogen fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present application. In the figure, solid arrows indicate hydrogen flow paths, open arrows indicate heat flow paths, and dotted lines indicate signal connections.
Referring to fig. 1, the system 100 includes a hydrogen storage tank 110, a fuel cell 120, a temperature control device 130, a flow rate collection device 140, and a controller 150.
The hydrogen storage tank 110 is specifically selected as a hydrogen storage system formed by constructing one or more metal hydride hydrogen storage tanks, and the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage system is communicated with the feed inlet of the fuel cell 120, so that the hydrogen storage tank 110 can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 120.
The hydrogen storage tank 110 is installed in a separate thermal environment, and a technique of constructing a separate thermal environment with a heat insulating material is a conventional technique for those skilled in the art, and is not specifically disclosed herein. The thermal environment where the hydrogen storage tank 110 is located is communicated with the air outlet of the fuel cell 120, so that heat flow output by the fuel cell 120 can heat the hydrogen storage tank 110, the utilization of waste heat is realized, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are facilitated.
The temperature control device 130 is specifically selected to be a temperature controller formed by a heater and a refrigerator, and is disposed in the thermal environment of the hydrogen storage tank 110, and the control of the ambient temperature of the thermal environment of the hydrogen storage tank 110 can be realized by controlling the temperature control device 130. Since the rate at which hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage tank 110 is related to the temperature of heating, control of the rate (i.e., flow rate) at which hydrogen is output from the hydrogen storage tank 110 can also be achieved by controlling the temperature control device 130.
The flow collection device 140 may be specifically selected as a gas flow meter, and is disposed at the feed inlet of the fuel cell 120 to collect the rate of hydrogenation in the fuel cell 120. The flow collection device 140 generates collected flow information.
The controller 150 is respectively in communication connection with the temperature control device 130 and the flow collection device 140, the controller 150 can control the temperature control device 130 to change the ambient temperature of the thermal environment where the hydrogen storage tank 110 is located, and the controller 150 can also receive collected flow information output by the flow collection device 140 to monitor the hydrogenation rate.
A flow threshold range is pre-stored in the controller 150. During the period that the fuel cell 120 continues to output a steady power, it must consume hydrogen at a constant rate. Since the capacity of the fuel cell 120 is limited, if the rate of hydrogen addition to the fuel cell is small, the hydrogen gas in the fuel cell 120 is inevitably insufficient in the long run, and if the rate of hydrogen addition to the cell is large, the gas pressure in the fuel cell 130 increases in the long run. Based on the model of the fuel cell 120 and the size of the output power source thereof, a person skilled in the art can determine the rate of hydrogen consumption, and accordingly determine a flow threshold range, so that hydrogen is added into the fuel cell 120 at a flow rate within the flow threshold range, and the rate of hydrogen consumption in the power generation process of the fuel cell 120 can be met more accurately.
The controller 150 prestores the relationship between the ambient temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 110 and the hydrogen release rate thereof. When the collection flow is smaller than the lower limit of the flow threshold range, it indicates that the rate of outputting hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank 110 is slow, and at this time, the controller 150 controls the temperature control device 130 based on the relationship, so as to change the ambient temperature of the thermal environment in which the hydrogen storage tank 110 is located, and increase the rate of outputting hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank until the collection flow is within the flow threshold range. And similarly, the control logic of the acquired flow larger than the upper limit of the flow threshold range is restrained, and the detailed description is omitted.
The controller 150 controls the hydrogen output rate of the hydrogen storage tank 110 based on the feedback regulation logic, i.e., controls the hydrogen adding rate to the fuel cell 120, so that the hydrogen adding rate to the fuel cell 120 is accurately controlled within the flow threshold range, which is beneficial to the continuous and stable power supply of the system 100.
The system 100 further includes a temperature collection device 160, and the temperature collection device 160 is disposed in the thermal environment of the hydrogen storage tank 110 and is configured to collect an ambient temperature of the thermal environment of the hydrogen storage tank 110. The temperature acquisition device 160 may be specifically selected as a temperature sensor, the temperature acquisition devices 160 may be provided in plurality, and the plurality of temperature acquisition devices 160 all output acquired temperature information. The controller 150 is connected to the temperature acquisition device 160 and receives the acquired temperature information, and the controller 150 uses the average value of all the acquired temperature information as the acquisition temperature of the thermal environment in which the hydrogen storage tank 110 is located.
The rate at which hydrogen is released from hydrogen storage tank 110 is related to the amount of metal hydride remaining in hydrogen storage tank 110, i.e., the amount of hydrogen remaining in hydrogen storage tank 110, in addition to the ambient temperature at which it is located.
The controller 150 is further configured to obtain the remaining hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank 110, specifically, the hydrogen storage tank 110 selected in the system 100 is a hydrogen storage tank with a standard capacity, the controller 150 prestores the standard capacity of the hydrogen storage tank 110, and determines the replacement timing of the hydrogen storage tank 110, that is, when the hydrogen storage tank 110 starts to be used, based on the collected flow obtained by continuously collecting, the time when the hydrogen storage tank 110 starts to be used is taken as a time starting point, the consumption amount of the hydrogen storage tank 110 can be determined, and the remaining hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank can be obtained by subtracting the consumption amount from the standard capacity.
The controller 150 may be operated by a worker to determine the replacement timing of the hydrogen storage tank 110, or may be operated based on a connection detection device at the installation site of the hydrogen storage tank 110, which is a conventional means and is not specifically disclosed.
When the power generation operation is performed with the hydrogen storage tank 110 having the standard capacity, the controller 150 can also determine the relationship among the residual hydrogen amount, the collection temperature, and the collection flow rate, which is a functional relationship, from the residual hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank 110, the collected ambient temperature of the thermal environment in which the hydrogen storage tank 110 is located, and the rate of adding hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 120 (i.e., the collection flow rate), and the relationship can be plotted as continuous points to form a functional curve.
When the function curve is determined, any two of the residual hydrogen amount, the collection temperature and the collection flow are determined, and the other parameter can be determined correspondingly.
Based on the function curve, when the controller 150 obtains the remaining hydrogen amount, the variation trend of the remaining hydrogen amount can be determined based on the collected flow, assuming that the ambient temperature of the thermal environment where the hydrogen storage tank 110 is located is not changed, the rate of the output hydrogen of the hydrogen storage tank 110, that is, the variation of the collected flow, can be determined based on the function curve, and if it is predicted that the collected flow is about to exceed the collected flow range, the temperature control device 130 can be controlled in advance to change the collected flow in advance, so as to reduce the possibility that the collected flow exceeds the flow threshold range, and further ensure the stability of the rate of adding hydrogen to the fuel cell 120.
In addition, the controller 150 may also prestore threshold information of the hydrogen amount, and when the hydrogen amount is less than the remaining hydrogen amount, the controller 150 may send a notification message to a pre-connected user terminal 170 (e.g., a user's mobile phone) to notify the user that the hydrogen storage tank 110 is ready to be replaced.
During the replacement of the hydrogen storage tank 110, the hydrogen in the space of the fuel cell 120 can support the fuel cell 120 to continue to work for a period of time until the hydrogen storage tank 110 is replaced, and if the hydrogen remaining in the space of the fuel cell 120 is not enough to support the time for replacing the hydrogen storage tank 110, an intermediate hydrogen storage device can be arranged between the hydrogen storage tank 110 and the fuel cell 120 to ensure that the fuel cell 120 can work normally during the replacement of the hydrogen storage tank 110. In either case, after the hydrogen storage tank 110 is replaced, the controller 150 is manually controlled to add part of the hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 120 or to fill the intermediate hydrogen storage device with hydrogen gas.
In the working process of the system 100, the amount of hydrogen in the fuel cell 120 can be effectively ensured to be relatively stable, which is beneficial to ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the fuel cell 120 and the continuous and stable output of the stable power supply.
Example two:
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a system configuration of a power supply system 100 using a hydrogen fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present application. In the figure, solid arrows indicate hydrogen flow paths, open arrows indicate heat flow paths, and dotted lines indicate signal connections.
The number of the hydrogen storage tanks 110 is two, the gas outlets of the two hydrogen storage tanks 110 are communicated with the feed inlet of the fuel cell 120, the thermal environment where the two hydrogen storage tanks 110 are located is communicated with the gas outlet of the fuel cell 120, a valve is respectively arranged at a node where the gas outlets of the two hydrogen storage tanks 110 are communicated with the feed inlet of the fuel cell 120, and a valve is respectively arranged at a node where the thermal environment where the two hydrogen storage tanks 110 are located is communicated with the gas outlet of the fuel cell 120.
The valves are controlled by the controller 150, and the controller 150 simultaneously controls only one pair of valves corresponding to one hydrogen storage tank 110 to be opened and the other pair of valves to be closed, so that only one hydrogen storage tank 110 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell 120 (the residual heat of the fuel cell 120 supplies heat to the hydrogen storage tank) and the other hydrogen storage tank 110 does not work for standby when replacing the hydrogen storage tank.
The principle of each hydrogen storage tank 110 when working independently is the same as that of one hydrogen storage tank 110 when working independently, so that two groups of temperature control devices 130 and temperature acquisition devices 170 are correspondingly required to be arranged and are respectively matched with the two hydrogen storage tanks 110.
In the initial state, both hydrogen storage tanks 110 are full of standard capacity, and a pair of valves is manually controlled to open. The controller 150 can be controlled by the same principle as the first embodiment. When the remaining hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank 150 is less than the hydrogen amount threshold value, the controller 150 switches to another pair of valves to be opened, that is, another hydrogen storage tank operates, and sends a notification message to the user terminal 170 to notify the user of replacement of the hydrogen storage tank 110 that is used up.
The system 100 can also realize the continuous and stable uninterrupted output of the stable power source of the fuel cell 120 without depending on the space in the fuel cell 120 or the intermediate hydrogen storage device in the first embodiment.
Other functional principles similar to the embodiments are not described in detail in this embodiment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure herein is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other arrangements formed by any combination of the above features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A power supply system using a hydrogen fuel cell (120), characterized by comprising: a hydrogen storage tank (110), a fuel cell (120), a temperature control device (130), a flow acquisition device (140) and a controller (150);
the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (110) is communicated with the feed inlet of the fuel cell (120); an air outlet of the fuel cell (120) is communicated and connected with a hot environment where the hydrogen storage tank (110) is located;
the temperature control device (130) is arranged in the hot environment where the hydrogen storage tank (110) is located; the flow collecting device (140) is arranged at a node where an air outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (110) is communicated with a feed inlet of the fuel cell (120);
the controller (150) is configured to: and prestoring a flow threshold range, and controlling the temperature regulating device to enable the collected flow to be in the flow threshold range when the collected flow of the flow collecting device (140) exceeds the flow threshold range.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a temperature acquisition device (160);
the temperature acquisition device (160) is arranged in the hot environment where the hydrogen storage tank (110) is located;
the controller (150) is further configured to:
acquiring the residual hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank (110);
determining a relation among the residual hydrogen amount, the collection temperature and the collection flow rate based on the collection temperature of the temperature collection device (160) and the collection flow rate of the flow rate collection device (140);
and pre-controlling the temperature control device (130) according to the change trend of the residual hydrogen quantity based on the relation so as to stabilize the collected flow and reach the flow threshold range.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the temperature acquisition device (160) is provided in plurality, and the acquisition temperature is an average value of acquisition temperatures of the plurality of temperature acquisition devices (160).
4. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller (150) is further configured to:
prestoring the standard capacity of the hydrogen storage tank (110);
acquiring the replacement time of the hydrogen storage tank (110);
determining the residual hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank (110) based on the collected flow rate with the replacement timing as a time starting point.
5. The system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the hydrogen storage tanks (110) are provided in two, and the temperature control device (130) and the temperature acquisition device (160) are correspondingly controlled in two groups;
and controlling the communication state of the air outlets of the two hydrogen storage tanks (110) and the feed inlet of the fuel cell (120) and the communication state of the air outlet of the fuel cell (120) and the thermal environment where the hydrogen storage tank (110) is located by using a valve system so as to ensure that only one hydrogen storage tank (110) works simultaneously, and the temperature control device (130) and the temperature acquisition device (160) corresponding to the hydrogen storage tank (110) work.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the controller (150) is further configured to:
when one hydrogen storage tank (110) works, if the residual hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage tank (110) is smaller than a hydrogen amount threshold value, the other hydrogen storage tank (110) is automatically switched to work and a notification message is generated.
7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature control device (130) comprises a heater and a refrigerator.
8. The system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydrogen storage tank (110) comprises one or more metal hydride hydrogen storage tanks.
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