CN113109864A - Seismic exploration shot point observing changing method and device - Google Patents
Seismic exploration shot point observing changing method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seismic exploration shot point observing method and a seismic exploration shot point observing device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring observation system parameters, multiple groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data; determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system; selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance; and performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to the selected one or more groups of demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data. The method can quickly change the observation of the seismic exploration shot points, save manpower and material resources, improve the observation changing efficiency, ensure the uniform coverage times and avoid the waste of acquisition resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum seismic exploration, in particular to a shot point observing method and device for seismic exploration.
Background
In seismic exploration and acquisition, the position of a shot point needs to be designed. Normally, shot point positions are surveyed in the field in the early stage, then each shot point is observed indoors, and the influence of the shot points on the coverage times in the surface element is analyzed, so that the shot points are redesigned. The development of industrial and agricultural fields is accepted, the ground surface conditions of seismic exploration and construction are complex, and the number of obstacle areas such as villages, towns, factories, roads and the like is large. With the development of high-density exploration, the increasing density of the guns and the inspection points in recent years is severely restricted by complex surface obstacles, and the arrangement of the guns and the inspection points is more and more uneven. The existing seismic exploration shot point observation changing method adopts a near principle to automatically avoid obstacles, combines manual intervention adjustment and shot selection, consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, generally carries out large-area shot addition in order to make up the problems of covering times, openings and the like of an obstacle area, is not only complex and low in efficiency, but also has the phenomenon of uneven covering times, easily causes shot addition redundancy and causes the waste of acquisition resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a seismic exploration shot point observing method, which is used for quickly observing seismic exploration shot points, saving manpower and material resources, improving observing efficiency, ensuring uniform covering times and avoiding waste of acquisition resources, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring observation system parameters, multiple groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data;
determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system;
selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance;
and performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to the selected one or more groups of demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data.
The embodiment of the invention provides a seismic exploration shot point observing changing device, which is used for quickly changing an observation shot point of seismic exploration, saving manpower and material resources, improving observing changing efficiency, ensuring uniform covering times and avoiding waste of acquisition resources, and comprises the following components:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring observation system parameters, a plurality of groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data;
the offset determining module is used for determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the observation system parameters;
the data selection module is used for selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, corresponding surface element data, maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and maximum transverse shot-geophone distance;
and the shot point observing changing module is used for changing the shot point of the seismic exploration according to the selected one or more groups of the demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the seismic exploration shot point changing method.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the seismic exploration shot point changing method.
According to the embodiment of the invention, parameters of an observation system, a plurality of groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data are obtained; determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system; selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance; and performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to the selected one or more groups of demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data. According to the embodiment of the invention, one or more groups of wave detection point data and corresponding surface element data are selected from the multiple groups of wave detection point data and corresponding surface element data according to each group of wave detection point data, corresponding surface element data, maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and maximum transverse shot-geophone distance, so that the rapid observation seismic exploration shot point is realized according to the selected data, manual intervention and adjustment and shot selection are not needed, manpower and material resources are saved, the observation efficiency is improved, the uniform coverage times are ensured, and the waste of acquisition resources is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a seismic exploration shot point observing method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the range of detection point data in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical illustration of two-dimensional CMP bin data in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graphical illustration of three-dimensional CMP bin data in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a seismic exploration shot point observing device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
As mentioned above, the existing seismic exploration shot point observing method adopts a near principle to automatically avoid obstacles, combines with manual intervention adjustment and shot selection, consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, and generally carries out large-area shot addition to make up the problems of coverage times, openings and the like of an obstacle area, so that the existing seismic exploration shot point observing method is not only complex and low in efficiency, but also has the phenomenon of uneven coverage times, and is easy to cause shot addition redundancy and waste of acquisition resources. According to the geometric ray propagation theory of seismic waves, the seismic waves are transmitted from an excitation source (shot point) to the underground, meet a certain position (CMP surface element or line element) of a certain stratum (wave impedance interface), are symmetrically reflected back to the earth surface based on the normal line of the wave impedance surface, and are received by a detector (wave detection point). When the coverage frequency attribute of the conventional observation system is analyzed, the coverage frequency of the underground CMP surface element is obtained by knowing a shot point, a wave detection point and the observation system on the ground. According to the embodiment of the invention, the observation system, the ground obstacle information (surface element data), the wave detection point and the mass shot points around the obstacle after the reconnaissance are known, and the shot points are screened through the observation system, the wave detection point and the surface element data, so that the shot points can be quickly optimized and changed with uniform coverage times.
In order to quickly change the observation point of the seismic exploration, save manpower and material resources, improve observation efficiency, ensure uniform coverage times and avoid waste of acquisition resources, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for changing the observation point of the seismic exploration, which comprises the following steps:
101, acquiring parameters of an observation system, a plurality of groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data;
103, selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance;
and 104, performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to the selected one or more groups of demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining parameters of an observation system, multiple sets of detection point data and corresponding surface element data; determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system; selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance; and performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to the selected one or more groups of demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data. According to the embodiment of the invention, one or more groups of wave detection point data and corresponding surface element data are selected from the multiple groups of wave detection point data and corresponding surface element data according to each group of wave detection point data, corresponding surface element data, maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and maximum transverse shot-geophone distance, so that the rapid observation seismic exploration shot point is realized according to the selected data, manual intervention and adjustment and shot selection are not needed, manpower and material resources are saved, the observation efficiency is improved, the uniform coverage times are ensured, and the waste of acquisition resources is avoided.
In specific implementation, parameters of an observation system, a plurality of groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data are obtained.
In an embodiment, observing system parameters may include: line number m, shot number n, track number p, track spacing RI, shot spacing SI, and receive line spacing LRI. The detection point data can be expressed as R (R)x,ry) The bin data may be represented as B (B)x,by)。
And during specific implementation, determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system.
In an embodiment, determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum lateral offset according to the observation system parameters includes: determining the maximum longitudinal offset according to the number of tracks and the track spacing; and determining the maximum transverse offset distance according to the number of lines, the number of guns, the shot point distance and the receiving line distance.
In this embodiment, the maximum longitudinal offset may be determined according to the following formula:
Xmax-inline＝(p-1)×RI/2 (1)
wherein, Xmax-inlineAnd p is the maximum longitudinal offset, p is the number of tracks, and RI is the track spacing.
In this embodiment, the maximum longitudinal offset may be determined according to the following formula:
Xmax-xline＝(m-1)×LRI/2+(n-1)×SI/2 (2)
wherein, Xmax-xlineThe maximum transverse offset is m, the number of lines, n, SI, and LRI.
In specific implementation, one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data are selected from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance.
In an embodiment, one or more sets of detection point data and corresponding bin data are selected from the sets of detection point data and corresponding bin data according to a longitudinal difference between the detection point data and the corresponding bin data, a transverse difference between the detection point data and the corresponding bin data, and a maximum longitudinal offset and a maximum transverse offset.
In this embodiment, since the bin data points are CDP points of a shot pair, the distance from one bin to the farthest geophone point is half of the maximum shot distance, that is, the following formula:
wherein R (R)x,ry) For the data of the detection point, B (B)x,by) As bin data, XmaxThe maximum offset, and thus the range of the demodulator probe can be defined by both the lateral and longitudinal directions, as follows:
wherein R (R)x,ry) For the data of the detection point, B (B)x,by) For bin data, | B (B)x,by)-R(rx,ry)|inlineFor longitudinal difference of detection point data and corresponding bin data, Xmax-inlineIs the maximum longitudinal offset, p is the number of tracks, RI is the track spacing, | B (B)x,by)-R(rx,ry)|xlineFor transverse difference of detection point data and corresponding bin data, Xmax-xlineThe maximum transverse offset is m, the number of lines, n, SI, and LRI.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, one or more sets of detection point data and corresponding bin data satisfying the condition are selected according to the above formula.
During specific implementation, the shot point of seismic exploration is changed according to one or more groups of selected detection point data and corresponding surface element data.
In an embodiment, performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to one or more selected groups of demodulation point data and corresponding surface element data includes: and determining corresponding shot point data according to the selected one or more groups of wave detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, and performing seismic exploration shot point observing change according to the shot point data.
In this embodiment, under the condition that the initial coordinates of the observation system and the shot point are known, the first bin data, that is, the bin coordinates, can be calculated. Given the surface element data, the rolling times of the surface element relative to the first surface element can be known, and the shot point position related to the surface element can be calculated. FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of two-dimensional CMP bin data and three-dimensional CMP bin data, shot data S (S)x,sy) Data of demodulator probe R (R)x,ry) Then, the CMP bin data of the shot-check pair is obtained according to the following formula:
further, it is possible to obtain:
thus, according to the selected one or more sets of detection point data and corresponding surface element data, the corresponding shot point data can be determined according to the following formula:
S(sx,sy)＝2B(bx,by)-R(rx,ry) (9)
further, it is possible to obtain:
sx＝2bx-rx (10)
sy＝2by-ry (11)
note that when the shot point and the geophone point pile numbers are uniformly arranged, the x and y may be coordinates (east and north coordinates) or pile numbers (line and point numbers). For construction convenience, the output file is convenient for transplantation, and can be set as a stake number (line number, point number).
The embodiment of the invention selects the shot points by utilizing the thought of shot point repeatability maximization, thereby realizing the rapid and accurate observation change of the seismic exploration shot points. The shot points selected by the embodiment of the invention are more uniform and reasonable, the indoor operation is simple, and the repeated workload is reduced.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a seismic exploration shot point observing and changing device, which is described in the following embodiment. Since the principles of these solutions are similar to the seismic exploration shot point observing method, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated details are not repeated.
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a seismic exploration shot point observing device in an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the device comprises:
a data obtaining module 501, configured to obtain observation system parameters, multiple sets of detection point data, and corresponding surface element data;
a offset determining module 502, configured to determine a maximum longitudinal offset and a maximum transverse offset according to the observation system parameter;
a data selecting module 503, configured to select one or more sets of detection point data and corresponding bin data from the multiple sets of detection point data and corresponding bin data according to each set of detection point data, corresponding bin data, maximum longitudinal offset, and maximum transverse offset;
and a shot point observing changing module 504, configured to change the shot point of the seismic exploration according to the selected one or more sets of the demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data.
In one embodiment, the observation system parameters include: line number, shot number, track spacing, shot spacing and receiving line spacing;
the offset determination module 502 is further configured to: determining the maximum longitudinal offset according to the number of tracks and the track spacing; and determining the maximum transverse offset distance according to the number of lines, the number of guns, the shot point distance and the receiving line distance.
In one embodiment, the data selecting module 503 is further configured to: and selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to the longitudinal difference between the detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, the transverse difference between the detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance.
In one embodiment, the shot point observing module 504 is further configured to: and determining corresponding shot point data according to the selected one or more groups of wave detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, and performing seismic exploration shot point observing change according to the shot point data.
In summary, in the embodiments of the present invention, the parameters of the observation system, the multiple sets of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data are obtained; determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system; selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance; and performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to the selected one or more groups of demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data. According to the embodiment of the invention, one or more groups of wave detection point data and corresponding surface element data are selected from the multiple groups of wave detection point data and corresponding surface element data according to each group of wave detection point data, corresponding surface element data, maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and maximum transverse shot-geophone distance, so that the rapid observation seismic exploration shot point is realized according to the selected data, manual intervention and adjustment and shot selection are not needed, manpower and material resources are saved, the observation efficiency is improved, the uniform coverage times are ensured, and the waste of acquisition resources is avoided.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A seismic exploration shot point observing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring observation system parameters, multiple groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data;
determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system;
selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance;
and performing seismic exploration shot point observation according to the selected one or more groups of demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data.
2. The seismic survey shot point observing method of claim 1, wherein the observation system parameters comprise: line number, shot number, track spacing, shot spacing and receiving line spacing;
determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the parameters of the observation system, comprising the following steps of: determining the maximum longitudinal offset according to the number of tracks and the track spacing; and determining the maximum transverse offset distance according to the number of lines, the number of guns, the shot point distance and the receiving line distance.
3. The method of seismic survey shot point observation according to claim 1 wherein selecting one or more sets of shot point data and corresponding bin data from the plurality of sets of shot point data and corresponding bin data based on each set of shot point data, corresponding bin data, maximum longitudinal offset, and maximum lateral offset comprises: and selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to the longitudinal difference between the detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, the transverse difference between the detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein performing seismic exploration shot observation based on the selected one or more sets of pickup data and corresponding bin data comprises: and determining corresponding shot point data according to the selected one or more groups of wave detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, and performing seismic exploration shot point observing change according to the shot point data.
5. A seismic exploration shot point changing device, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring observation system parameters, a plurality of groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data;
the offset determining module is used for determining the maximum longitudinal offset and the maximum transverse offset according to the observation system parameters;
the data selection module is used for selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to each group of detection point data, corresponding surface element data, maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and maximum transverse shot-geophone distance;
and the shot point observing changing module is used for changing the shot point of the seismic exploration according to the selected one or more groups of the demodulation point data and the corresponding surface element data.
6. The seismic survey shot point observing device of claim 5, wherein the observation system parameters comprise: line number, shot number, track spacing, shot spacing and receiving line spacing;
the offset determination module is further configured to: determining the maximum longitudinal offset according to the number of tracks and the track spacing; and determining the maximum transverse offset distance according to the number of lines, the number of guns, the shot point distance and the receiving line distance.
7. The seismic survey shot point observing device of claim 5, wherein the data extraction module is further configured to: and selecting one or more groups of detection point data and corresponding surface element data from the multiple groups of detection point data and the corresponding surface element data according to the longitudinal difference between the detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, the transverse difference between the detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, the maximum longitudinal shot-geophone distance and the maximum transverse shot-geophone distance.
8. The seismic survey shot-to-view device of claim 5, wherein the shot-to-view module is further to: and determining corresponding shot point data according to the selected one or more groups of wave detection point data and the corresponding surface element data, and performing seismic exploration shot point observing change according to the shot point data.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| AU2488601A (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 2001-08-02 | Pgs Data Processing, Inc | Method of detecting seismic events and for detecting and correcting geometry and statics error in seismic data |
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