CN113107487B - Horizontal long drilling and along-mining along-filling ecological coal mining method and system for coal seam roof sleeve - Google Patents
Horizontal long drilling and along-mining along-filling ecological coal mining method and system for coal seam roof sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN113107487B CN113107487B CN202110423554.2A CN202110423554A CN113107487B CN 113107487 B CN113107487 B CN 113107487B CN 202110423554 A CN202110423554 A CN 202110423554A CN 113107487 B CN113107487 B CN 113107487B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 gangue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal seam roof sleeve horizontal long drilling along-with-mining ecological coal mining method and system, wherein a horizontal directional long drilling extending along the trend of a fully-mechanized coal mining working face is constructed in a direct roof rock stratum above the working face, and a sleeve is put into the horizontal directional long drilling to form a filling channel for filling paste; the stoping of the working face is started, the direct roof stratum collapses along with the stoping, and after the direct roof stratum collapses to expose the front end of a sleeve in the goaf, filling paste is injected into the goaf; the filling condition of the goaf and the position of the sleeve are monitored in real time, and when the front section of the sleeve is buried in the filling paste of the goaf, the sleeve is cut off, so that a slurry outlet of the front section of the sleeve is always exposed in the goaf; stopping filling when the filling quantity reaches the design requirement; the aim of reducing and controlling the subsidence of the overlying strata in the goaf is fulfilled, and the problems of earth surface subsidence, water resource loss, earth surface ecological environment damage, ground building damage and the like caused by coal mining are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a coal seam roof sleeve horizontal long-drilling along-mining along-with-filling ecological coal mining method and system.
Background
The conventional treatment mode of the roof after coal exploitation is natural collapse, and the collapse of the overlying strata in the mining area can cause problems of surface subsidence, groundwater resource damage, gas disaster, spontaneous combustion of coal and the like, thereby causing ecological environment damage and production safety risk; meanwhile, the stacking and treatment of the extracted gangue bring pressure to the environmental protection of the coal mine area. Filling mining is increasingly paid attention as a technical approach for solving the problem caused by mining area overburden rock settlement, but the current common filling mining mode is to stop mining after a working face is pushed to a preset distance, then start filling a goaf, commonly called series filling, start stoping after filling solidification, and repeatedly finish operation in sequence, so that the mining-filling replacement contradiction is outstanding, the working face efficiency is low, the raw coal yield is low, and the production requirement of a modern high-yield mine cannot be met. In addition, the method for mining and filling parallel non-settlement coal mining by using the directional long-drilling holes on the ground of the limited company of the western An institute of China coal industry group takes the horizontal comb holes on the ground as filling gradual channels, which is an effective way for filling goafs of fully mechanized mining face, but also faces the problems of larger density of branch wellholes on the comb side and higher construction cost. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of ecological environment destruction and mining and filling replacement contradiction caused by high-strength mining of the coal mine, and realize low-cost and timely filling of the high-efficiency mining working face of the coal mine, development of a new environment-friendly ecological mining method suitable for modern high-yield mine is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coal seam roof sleeve horizontal long-drilling along-with-mining ecological coal mining method and system, which are used for solving the problems of ecological damage and production safety risk caused by collapse of overlying strata in a goaf of a fully-mechanized mining face, difficult treatment of solid wastes (gangue and the like) in a coal mining area, low mining and filling efficiency and outstanding contradiction between mining and filling in the existing filling and mining mode.
The invention relates to a method for mining along with filling ecological coal mining by a horizontal long drilling frame of a coal seam roof sleeve, which comprises the following steps:
performing ground horizontal hole directional drilling or underground horizontal hole directional drilling in a direct top rock layer above a fully-mechanized coal face to be mined, forming a horizontal directional long drilling hole extending along the trend of the fully-mechanized coal face in the direct top rock layer, and putting a sleeve into the horizontal directional long drilling hole to form a filling channel for filling paste; in the stoping process of the working face, the rock stratum directly jacked up collapses along with the stoping, and filling paste is injected into the goaf through the filling channel; until the whole fully mechanized mining face operation is completed.
Specifically, in the working face stoping process, the direct roof stratum collapses along with the stoping, and after the front end of a sleeve in the direct roof stratum collapses to expose to a goaf, filling paste is injected into the goaf through the filling channel; the filling condition of the goaf and the position of the sleeve are monitored in real time, and when the front section of the sleeve is buried in the filling paste of the goaf, the sleeve is cut off, so that a slurry outlet of the front section of the sleeve is always exposed in the goaf; stopping filling when the filling amount reaches the design requirement.
Specifically, in the working face recovery process, when the direct roof strata is not easy to collapse, an air cannon or a hydraulic cutting mode is adopted in the horizontally oriented long drilling hole to cut the direct roof strata into the goaf.
Preferably, a blocking and protecting device for blocking the filling paste from flowing into the coal mining operation area is connected behind the hydraulic support for working face stoping, and the blocking and protecting device moves synchronously with the hydraulic support.
Preferably, a monitoring system is arranged behind the hydraulic support for working face stoping and is used for monitoring the exposed length of the sleeve and the filling condition of the goaf.
Preferably, a cutting device is arranged behind the hydraulic support for working face stoping and is used for cutting off the sleeve of the goaf.
The invention also discloses a fully mechanized mining face goaf filling system, which comprises: grouting channel, blocking and protecting device and cutting device;
the grouting channel comprises a horizontal directional long drilling hole and a sleeve, the horizontal directional long drilling hole is arranged in the direct roof stratum of the coal bed, and the sleeve is arranged in the horizontal directional long drilling hole, and the horizontal directional long drilling hole is arranged along the length direction of the fully mechanized mining face; the blocking and protecting device is arranged as a filler blocking and protecting structure close to one side of the goaf and is used for blocking filler from flowing to one side of the coal wall; the cutting device is used for cutting the sleeve of the goaf part.
Specifically, keep off and protect the connecting rod on device includes baffle and connection baffle, and the connecting rod is connected with hydraulic support.
Further, the filling system of the invention further comprises a monitoring device which is arranged on the rear top beam of the hydraulic support and is used for detecting goaf conditions.
The invention also discloses a coal seam roof sleeve horizontal long-drilling along-mining along-with-filling ecological coal mining system, which comprises a coal mining machine, a hydraulic support and the fully-mechanized coal face goaf filling system; the blocking and protecting device is arranged on one side of the hydraulic support, which is located in the goaf, and the cutting device is connected to the position, close to the rear top beam, of the hydraulic support.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention realizes the purpose of reducing and controlling the subsidence of the overlying rock layer of the goaf by timely filling the goaf part when the fully mechanized mining face is filled, thereby solving the problems of surface subsidence, water resource loss, surface ecological environment damage, ground building damage and the like caused by coal mining.
(2) The filling of filling materials is realized by utilizing the large-diameter horizontal long drilling holes, so that the problems of long paste conveying distance, low filling capacity, large number of drilling holes, large ground construction and the like in the conventional underground paste filling of the coal mine are effectively avoided.
(3) The filling paste of the invention mainly takes solid waste such as gangue, fly ash and the like as main materials, and is prepared by mixing the solid waste after treatment and is injected into a goaf, thereby playing a role in reducing and controlling sedimentation in the goaf on one hand, and solving the problems of environmental pollution and ecological damage caused by the solid waste in the ground on the other hand.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a ground oriented horizontal long borehole of example 3.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the caving of a direct roof layer at a distance from the recovery of a coal seam in example 3.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first filling of the goaf in example 3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic drawing of the cannula cutting of example 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second filling of the goaf of example 3.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the directional horizontal long borehole downhole in coal mine of example 4.
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the caving of a direct roof layer at a distance from the recovery of a coal seam in example 4.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the first filling of the goaf in example 4.
Fig. 9 is a schematic drawing of the cannula cutting of example 4.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the second filling of the goaf in example 4.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the construction of a goaf filling system for a working face in example 2.
FIG. 12 is a schematic of a horizontal well group layout shown in an embodiment.
The reference numerals in the drawings illustrate:
1-grouting channel, 2-blocking and protecting device, 3-cutting device, 4-hydraulic support, 5-goaf, 6-monitoring device, 7-pseudo-top rock stratum of coal bed, 8-direct top rock stratum and 9-old top rock stratum;
11-horizontally oriented long drilling holes and 12-casing pipes;
21-baffle plates and 22-connecting rods;
31-telescopic arm, 32-cutter.
The details of the invention are explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
The term "along with the goaf" in the invention means that along with the movement of the working surface, the roof strata above the goaf collapses to the goaf under the action of gravity or other external forces.
The roof strata of the coal seam generally comprise a pseudo-roof strata 7, a direct roof strata 8 and an old roof strata 9. The present invention provides for horizontally oriented long drilled holes 11 in the direct roof strata 8.
The filling paste of the invention mainly takes solid wastes including gangue, fly ash and the like as main materials, and can solve the problems of environmental pollution and ecological damage caused by ground solid wastes.
The invention provides a coal seam roof sleeve horizontal long-drilling along-with-mining ecological coal mining method based on the idea of partial filling or full filling along with-mining and goaf filling, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, performing ground horizontal directional drilling or underground horizontal directional drilling in a direct top rock stratum at the top of a fully mechanized mining face to be mined, as shown in fig. 1 and 6. And forming a horizontal directional long drilling hole extending along the trend of the fully mechanized mining face in the direct roof stratum, and putting a sleeve into the horizontal directional long drilling hole to form a paste filling channel.
According to the method, horizontal long drilling holes on the ground or directional horizontal long drilling holes below the holes are selected according to the burial depth of the coal seam, ground conditions and the like; according to the distribution of the direct roof strata above the fully mechanized mining face, the collapse condition of the direct roof strata in the stoping process, the characteristics of filling materials, the capacity of a filling system, the drilling capacity, the width and the length of the face, the horizontal directional long-drilling hole distribution layer position, the number of hole groups and the length of the horizontal section of the hole are designed.
The sleeve is preferably a nonmetallic sleeve made of easily-cut materials, such as PE materials, so that after the sleeve is directly jacked up and timely collapsed after stoping, the sleeve can be bent and moved downwards, exposed in a goaf, easily cut, play a role in protecting holes and facilitate paste conveying and flowing.
Step 2, working face stoping is started, when the working face stoping is carried out for a certain distance (3-4 m in the embodiment), a direct roof stratum of the goaf collapses due to gravity, after the direct roof stratum collapses, the sleeve is affected by the gravity, the sleeve is bent into an arc shape after exposure, the front end of the sleeve hangs on the goaf, filling paste is injected into the goaf through a filling channel, and the sleeve and rock blocks which are collapsed by the direct roof stratum are mixed and stacked in the goaf; along with the advancing of coal mining footage, the hydraulic support moves forward, and the filling operation is continuously carried out; until the whole fully mechanized mining face operation is completed.
According to the invention, the monitoring system is arranged behind the hydraulic support to monitor the exposure length of the sleeve, and the grouting system is started to grouting the goaf after judging that the exposure length of the sleeve is proper.
In the stoping process, the filling condition of the goaf, the position of a sleeve, the flowing condition of filling paste and the like are monitored in real time, and the filling paste generally expands in the goaf and flows to one side of a hydraulic support; the present invention generally employs a video monitoring system disposed above and behind the hydraulic mount to monitor this situation. When the front section of the sleeve is monitored to be buried into the filling paste in the goaf, the sleeve is cut off, so that a paste outlet of the front section of the sleeve is always exposed in the goaf, and filling in the subsequent stage is ensured; when the filling amount reaches the design requirement (partial filling or full filling is selected according to the requirement), stopping filling.
Because the filling paste flows to one side of the hydraulic support, the invention is connected with a blocking and protecting device behind the hydraulic support, and the blocking and protecting device is used for blocking and protecting the filling paste from flowing into a coal mining operation area and synchronously moves with the hydraulic support.
The intermittent partition sleeve is needed in the coal mining process, so that a cutting device is arranged behind the hydraulic support and is arranged right below the sleeve 1, and the whole cutting device is obliquely upwards arranged and is used for cutting off the sleeve of the goaf.
In the stoping process of the working face, weak direct rock strata such as mudstones, siltstone and the like can be set down in time along with stoping, so that the sleeve is ensured to be exposed in the goaf; for the hard fine sandstone, middle sandstone and even coarse sand which are not easy to collapse, the direct top rock stratum which is not easy to collapse is cut into the goaf by adopting an air cannon or hydraulic cutting mode in the horizontal directional long drilling hole, so that the casing can be exposed in the goaf.
In the following, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described, where directional terms, such as "upper, lower, bottom, and top," are used herein, unless otherwise indicated, generally refer to those terms as they are defined with reference to the drawings in which corresponding figures are shown, and "inner and outer" refer to those terms as they are defined with reference to the outlines of corresponding figures.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and the like should be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, for example; either direct or indirect connection, etc. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present technical solution can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
The present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and the respective specific technical features described in the following specific embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction as long as they do not deviate from the idea of the present invention and should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a fully mechanized mining face goaf filling system, which comprises a grouting channel 1, a blocking and protecting device 2 and a cutting device 3 as shown in fig. 11. The grouting channel 1 comprises a horizontal directional long drilling hole 11 arranged in a direct roof stratum of a coal bed and a sleeve 12 arranged in the horizontal directional long drilling hole, wherein the horizontal directional long drilling hole 11 is arranged along the length direction of a fully-mechanized mining face, the horizontal directional long drilling hole 11 is a ground horizontal directional long drilling hole or a coal mine underground horizontal directional long drilling hole, the ground horizontal directional long drilling hole is shown in fig. 1, and the coal mine underground horizontal directional long drilling hole is shown in fig. 6.
The blocking and protecting device 2 is arranged as a filler blocking and protecting structure near one side of the goaf 5 and is used for blocking the filler 6 from flowing to one side of the coal wall. The guard 2 of the present embodiment includes a baffle 21 and a connecting rod 22 connected to the baffle 21, the connecting rod 22 being connected to the hydraulic bracket 4. The baffle protection device 2 is driven to synchronously move by the hydraulic support 3, the baffle 21 is a vertical plate, and the connecting rod 22 can be arranged to be of a telescopic arm structure for adjusting the distance between the baffle 21 and the hydraulic support 3.
The cutting device 3 is used for cutting the casing 12 of the goaf 5 section. The cutting device 3 of the embodiment comprises a telescopic arm 31 and a cutting knife 32 or scissors connected to the telescopic arm 31, wherein the telescopic arm 31 is provided with a mechanical arm structure for adjusting the position of the cutting knife 32 to enable the cutting knife 32 to accurately contact the casing 12, and underground staff can adjust the position of the telescopic arm 31 according to the feedback condition of a monitoring system to enable the cutting knife 32 to correspond to the casing 12. The cutting device 3 of the present embodiment is installed right under the sleeve 1, and the cutting device 3 is disposed obliquely upward as a whole.
In this embodiment, multiple groups of horizontally oriented long drill holes are uniformly distributed along the width direction of the working surface, as shown in fig. 12, and the multiple groups of horizontally oriented long drill holes are distributed in parallel along the length direction of the working surface.
As a further preferable scheme of the embodiment, a monitoring device 6 is further arranged on the back top beam of the hydraulic support 5 and is used for detecting conditions of the goaf 5, such as roof collapse, sleeve exposure, sleeve cutting, paste filling amount, paste coagulation, paste flowing to one side of the hydraulic support and the like.
As another implementation of this example, on the basis of the above device, a ground filling material treatment system is further provided, and the ground filling material treatment system specifically includes a material storage bin including gangue, fly ash, water, additives, and the like; the aggregate treatment system is used for treating gangue, pulverized coal ash and the like; the paste preparation system is used for mixing aggregate, water and additives for pulping.
According to the embodiment, the grouting channel is arranged in the direct top rock stratum of the coal seam, so that the problems of long paste conveying distance, low filling capacity, large number of drilling holes, large ground construction and the like in the conventional underground paste filling of the coal mine are effectively avoided.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a coal seam roof sleeve horizontal long-drilling along-with-mining and along-filling ecological coal mining system, which comprises a coal mining machine, a hydraulic support and the fully-mechanized coal face goaf filling system described in embodiment 1. The blocking and protecting device 2 is arranged on one side of the hydraulic support 4, which is located on the goaf 5, and the cutting device 3 is connected to the position, close to the back top beam, of the hydraulic support 4.
The coal mining system of the embodiment realizes that the fully mechanized mining face is filled along with mining, and the goaf part is filled in time, so that the aim of reducing and controlling the subsidence of the overlying strata of the goaf is fulfilled; on the other hand, the problems of long paste conveying distance, low filling capacity, large number of drilled holes, large ground construction and the like in the conventional underground paste filling are effectively avoided.
Example 3
Taking a northwest coal mine as an example, the burial depth of the coal seam is 420-450m, the width of the working face is 300m, the length is 3000m, the thickness of the coal seam is 3m on average, the coal seam of the working face is fully mined at one time, mud rocks (silty mud rocks and sandy mud rocks) with the thickness of 3-5 m are distributed above the coal seam of the working face, a direct roof plate is directly put down along with mining in the process of mining, and a stable hard old roof is distributed above the direct roof plate; 3 shifts of coal mining operation, 2 shifts of coal mining and 1 shift of overhauling; the recovery rule is 16 meters every day, and the annual output of one working surface is about 400 ten thousand tons.
Selecting proper positions on the ground, and constructing a material storage system, a material preparation station and an orifice pumping system, wherein the material storage system comprises a filling material storage bin and an aggregate crushing bin; the pumping system comprises a material mixing bin, a grouting pump group and the like; the filling material comprises gangue, fly ash, water, accelerator, expanding agent and the like. The present embodiment is not particularly limited, and an existing paste may be used, but a paste having a short initial setting time is preferable, so that the time for waiting for the paste to be molded and set can be reduced, and the coal mining process can be improved.
3 hole groups are designed along the length direction of the working surface, namely a 1 st hole group, a 2 nd hole group and a 3 rd hole group, wherein each hole group comprises 10 horizontal directional long-drilled holes on the ground and is used as paste filling channels; the length of the horizontal hole is 1000m, and the horizontal section of the hole is distributed in the mudstone direct roof above the coal seam within 2m from the coal seam; the drill holes are distributed in parallel at equal intervals, and the interval between the holes is 30m;
the embodiment provides a method for realizing horizontal long drilling of a roof sleeve of a coal seam and along-mining along with filling ecological coal mining, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, and the specific implementation modes are as follows:
step 1, constructing a ground horizontal directional long drilling group above a working surface to be extracted, wherein horizontal sections are distributed in parallel along the length direction of the working surface, the horizontal sections are 1000m, and the hole-to-hole spacing is 30m; the horizontal section is positioned in a mudstone direct roof above the coal seam, and the distance from the horizontal section to the coal seam is within 2 m; and (3) a nonmetallic sleeve, such as PE material, is put into the drilling hole to form a grouting channel.
Step 2, after the working face coal mining equipment is installed, starting working face coal seam stoping; the guard 2 installed at the rear side of the hydraulic support 4 moves forward as the hydraulic support 4 moves, preventing the filling paste from flowing into the coal mining operation area. After the first coal mining team which starts to perform mining for 3-4 m, the direct roof stratum 8 collapses and falls on the bottom plate of the goaf 5; the sleeve 12 is exposed in the goaf 5, and the front end is bent and moves downwards under the influence of gravity;
step 3, after judging that the exposure length of the sleeve is proper through a monitoring system 6 arranged on the hydraulic support 4, setting the sleeve to be exposed for about 1m in the embodiment, starting a ground filling system, injecting filling paste into a goaf through a grouting channel, and mixing and accumulating the filling paste with rock blocks directly caving in a roof stratum in the goaf; as the coal mining footage advances and the hydraulic support moves forward, the filling operation is continuously carried out;
step 4, monitoring the goaf filling condition, the sleeve integrity and the filling paste flowing condition (expansion in the goaf and flowing to one side of the hydraulic support) through a monitoring system, and stopping filling when the filling quantity reaches the design requirement (in the embodiment, partial filling); when the front section of the sleeve is monitored to be buried in the filling paste in the goaf, the cutting device 3 is started to cut off the front end of the sleeve 12, so that the front end (namely a paste outlet) of the sleeve 12 is enabled to step by step follow the coal mining and advance, and the filling in the subsequent stage is guaranteed;
step 5, continuing to carry out stoping and filling operation, and gradually carrying out stoping and filling operation on the working face of the coverage area of the 1 st hole group; and after the mining and filling operation of the coverage area of the 1 st hole group is completed, the mining and filling operation of the coverage areas of the 2 nd hole group and the 3 rd hole group is sequentially completed as described above until the whole working surface operation is completed.
Example 4
Taking a certain northwest coal mine as an example, the embodiment takes the coal seam burial depth of 200-230m; the width of the working face is 300m, the length is 3000m, the thickness of the coal seam is 3.5m on average, the coal seam of the working face is fully mined once, the mud rock direct top plate with the thickness of 2-4 m is distributed above the coal seam of the working face, the direct top plate collapses along with mining in the process of stoping, and the sandstone hard old top is distributed above the direct top plate; 3 shifts of coal mining operation, 2 shifts of coal mining and 1 shift of overhauling; the stope is 14 meters per day, and the annual output of one working surface is about 400 ten thousand tons.
As in example 3, a material storage system, a material preparation station and an orifice pumping system were constructed at the ground where the material storage system comprised a filling material storage bin, an aggregate crushing bin; the pumping system comprises a material mixing bin, a grouting pump group and the like; the filling material comprises gangue, water, accelerator, expanding agent and the like.
Designing 5 hole groups in the length direction of the working face, wherein the 5 hole groups are a 1 st hole group, a 2 nd hole group, a 3 rd hole group, a 4 th hole group and a 5 th hole group, and each hole group comprises 15 underground horizontal long-drilled holes of the coal mine and is used as paste filling channels; the length of the horizontal hole is 600m; the horizontal segments of the holes are distributed in the mudstone direct roof layer above the coal seam and are within 2m from the coal seam; the holes are distributed in parallel at equal intervals, and the interval between the holes is 20m.
The embodiment provides a method for realizing horizontal long drilling of a roof sleeve of a coal seam and along-mining along with filling ecological coal mining, as shown in fig. 6 to 10, and the concrete implementation modes are as follows.
Step 1, constructing a coal mine underground horizontal directional long drilling group in a roadway of a working face to be extracted, wherein horizontal sections are distributed in parallel along the length direction of the working face, the horizontal sections are 600m, and the inter-hole spacing is 20m; the horizontal section is positioned in the mudstone direct roof stratum above the coal seam, and the distance from the horizontal section to the coal seam is within 2 m; and (5) a nonmetallic sleeve is put into the drilling hole to form a grouting channel.
Step 2, after the working face coal mining equipment is installed, starting working face coal seam stoping; the guard 2 mounted at the rear side of the hydraulic support moves forward as the hydraulic support 4 moves, preventing the filling paste from flowing into the coal mining operation area. After the first coal mining team which starts to perform stoping for 3-4 m, the direct roof stratum 8 immediately collapses and falls on the goaf bottom plate; the sleeve 12 is exposed in the goaf 5, and the front end of the sleeve 12 is bent and moved downwards under the influence of gravity.
Step 3, after judging that the exposure length of the sleeve 12 is proper through the monitoring system 6 arranged on the hydraulic support 4, setting the sleeve to be exposed for about 1m in the embodiment, starting a ground filling system, and injecting filling paste into a goaf through a grouting channel drill hole and mixing and accumulating the filling paste with rock blocks directly caving in a roof stratum in the goaf 5; along with the advancing of the coal mining footage and the forward movement of the hydraulic support, the filling operation is continuously carried out.
Step 4, monitoring the goaf filling condition, the sleeve integrity and the filling paste flowing condition (expansion in the goaf and flowing to one side of the hydraulic support) through a monitoring system, and stopping filling when the filling quantity reaches the design requirement (in the embodiment, partial filling); when the front section of the sleeve is monitored to be buried into the filling paste in the goaf, the cutting device 3 is started to cut off the front end of the sleeve 12, so that the front end (namely the grout outlet) of the sleeve 12 is enabled to follow the coal mining in stages to advance, and the filling in the subsequent stage is guaranteed.
Step 5, continuing to carry out stoping and filling operation, and gradually carrying out stoping and filling operation on the working face of the coverage area of the 1 st hole group; and after the mining and filling operation of the coverage area of the 1 st hole group is finished, the mining and filling operation of the coverage area of the 3 rd hole group, the 4 th hole group and the 5 th hole group of the 2 nd hole group is finished in sequence until the whole working surface operation is finished.
Claims (8)
1. The method for mining the coal seam roof sleeve horizontally long drilling along with mining along with filling is characterized by comprising the following steps: performing ground horizontal hole directional drilling or underground horizontal hole directional drilling in a direct top rock layer above a fully-mechanized coal face to be mined, forming a horizontal directional long drilling hole extending along the trend of the fully-mechanized coal face in the direct top rock layer, and putting a sleeve into the horizontal directional long drilling hole to form a filling channel for filling paste;
the direct roof stratum collapses along with the mining, and after the front end of a sleeve in the direct roof stratum collapses to expose out of the goaf, filling paste is injected into the goaf through the filling channel; the filling condition of the goaf and the position of the sleeve are monitored in real time, and when the front section of the sleeve is buried in the filling paste of the goaf, the sleeve is cut off, so that a slurry outlet of the front section of the sleeve is always exposed in the goaf; stopping filling when the filling quantity reaches the design requirement;
in the working face stoping process, when the direct roof strata is not easy to collapse, an air cannon or a hydraulic cutting mode is adopted in the horizontal directional long drilling hole to cut the direct roof strata into goaf.
2. The method of mining coal according to claim 1, characterized in that a blocking device for blocking the flow of filling paste into the coal mining area is connected behind the hydraulic support for working face extraction, said blocking device moving synchronously with the hydraulic support.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein a monitoring system is provided behind the hydraulic support for face extraction for monitoring the length of casing exposure and goaf filling.
4. The method of mining according to claim 1, wherein a cutting device is provided behind the hydraulic support for face extraction for cutting the sleeve of the goaf.
5. A fully mechanized coal face goaf filling system, comprising: a grouting channel (1), a blocking and protecting device (2) and a cutting device (3);
the grouting channel (1) comprises a horizontal directional long drilling hole (11) arranged in a direct top rock layer of a coal bed and a sleeve (12) arranged in the horizontal directional long drilling hole, wherein the horizontal directional long drilling hole (11) is arranged along the length direction of a fully mechanized mining face;
the blocking and protecting device (2) is arranged as a filler blocking and protecting structure close to one side of the goaf (5) and is used for blocking the filler (6) from flowing to one side of the coal wall; the cutting device (3) is used for cutting the sleeve (12) of the goaf (5).
6. The fully-mechanized mining face goaf filling system according to claim 5, wherein the blocking and protecting device (2) comprises a baffle plate (21) and a connecting rod (22) connected with the baffle plate (21), and the connecting rod (22) is connected with the hydraulic support (4).
7. The fully-mechanized mining face goaf filling system according to claim 5, further comprising a monitoring device (6), wherein the monitoring device (6) is mounted on a rear top beam of the hydraulic support (5) for detecting goaf (5) conditions.
8. A coal seam roof sleeve horizontal long-drilling along-mining along-with-filling ecological coal mining system, which comprises a coal mining machine and a hydraulic support (4), and is characterized by further comprising the fully-mechanized coal face goaf filling system according to any one of claims 5 to 7; the blocking and protecting device (2) is arranged on one side of the hydraulic support (4) located in the goaf (5), and the cutting device (3) is connected to the position, close to the back top beam, of the hydraulic support (4).
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| CN109899089A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-06-18 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Goaf grouting method based on pinniform horizontal branch directional drilling technique |
| CN111444620A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-24 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | Method for determining parameters of ortho-position grouting filling drilling |
| CN112360550A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for injecting and filling coal-based solid waste paste in low-position roof separation zone in gob-side entry retaining |
| CN112392431A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 陈存强 | Technology for preventing and treating water damage of coal seam roof by dynamic pressure-maintaining grouting and plugging of horizontal long drill hole in mining fracture zone |
| CN112593853A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-02 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | Construction method for coal mine waste filling and water-reducing mining |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109899089A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-06-18 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Goaf grouting method based on pinniform horizontal branch directional drilling technique |
| CN112392431A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 陈存强 | Technology for preventing and treating water damage of coal seam roof by dynamic pressure-maintaining grouting and plugging of horizontal long drill hole in mining fracture zone |
| CN111444620A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-24 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | Method for determining parameters of ortho-position grouting filling drilling |
| CN112360550A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for injecting and filling coal-based solid waste paste in low-position roof separation zone in gob-side entry retaining |
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