CN113107361A - Coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control device and method thereof - Google Patents
Coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention provides a coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control device and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises: the power supply device, the geological information detection device, the central processor, the drilling fluid shunting device and the guide execution mechanism are arranged on the measurement and control device body; the power supply device is used for supplying electric energy to the geological information detection device and the central processor; the geological information detection device is used for detecting and recording geological information around a 360-degree well; the central processor is used for processing the information measured by the geological information detection device, judging whether the advancing trend of the current well track is matched with the inclination angle/trend of the coal bed or not and further giving a directive drilling; the drilling fluid shunting device is used for receiving a guiding instruction given by the central processor and distributing the flow of the drilling fluid to provide hydraulic energy for the guiding actuating mechanism; and the guide execution mechanism is used for controlling the drilling direction according to the guide instruction of the central processor. The method greatly reduces the risk of drilling sticking of the coal seam, and safely and efficiently improves the drilling rate of the directional well section in the coal seam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal bed methane guiding well drilling, in particular to a coal bed methane guiding well drilling measurement and control device and a method thereof.
Background
The horizontal well/directional well is used for realizing the ground extraction of the coal bed gas, is an important means for preventing and controlling gas disasters, and can also realize the resource utilization of the coal bed gas. The key to obtaining the coal bed gas extraction benefit is to improve the drilling rate of the well track (horizontal section/directional section) in the coal bed. The geological occurrence states (buried depth, dip angle, layer thickness and the like) of the deep thin coal seam identified based on the ground geophysical prospecting technology have errors, so that a pre-designed well track before drilling deviates from an actual optimal track, even the target is completely missed, and the economic benefit and the vitality of the ground extraction of the coal bed gas are lost.
The geosteering well drilling is a development direction for improving the drilling rate of the thin coal seam, namely, the real-time track optimization is carried out on the basis of geological information measured while drilling and well track parameters, and the design of the well track before drilling based on the ground geophysical prospecting technology is replaced. Currently, the implementation of geosteering drilling techniques in thin coal seams faces three major problems: firstly, a bent screw is used as a guide execution mechanism, a drill column above the screw does not rotate during guide drilling, the coal rock strength is low, borehole instability is easy to occur in a horizontal section/directional section to cause a drill clamping accident, and the economic and technical risks are extremely high; secondly, the measurement while drilling sensor is far away from the drill bit (about 10m, the length of the bent screw), geological information measurement lag is superposed with the mechanical drilling speed of the coal bed, and the drill bit is taken out of the coal bed; and thirdly, whether the well track deviates from the coal bed or not can be judged by combining logging information through the difference of the signals measured while drilling between the coal bed and the surrounding rock, such as sound, electricity, magnetism, radioactivity and the like, but the coal bed is difficult to judge from the top plate or the bottom plate, so that the difficulty is brought to real-time and rapid adjustment of the well track. Therefore, a need exists for a near-bit measurement, full-rotation-enabled, guided-bore coal bed gas drilling technique and tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a coal bed methane guiding well drilling measurement and control device and a method thereof.
A coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control device comprises: the measurement and control device body and the drilling fluid shunting device rotate together along with the drill collar during guiding drilling; the lower part of the measurement and control device body is directly connected with a drill bit, and the upper part of the measurement and control device body is connected with a drill collar;
a groove is arranged at one end of the measurement and control device body close to the drill collar, and a power supply device, a geological information detection device and a central processor are arranged in the groove; one end close to the drill bit is provided with a guide actuating mechanism; one end of the drilling fluid shunting device is communicated with the interior of the drill collar, and the other end of the drilling fluid shunting device is communicated with the guide actuating mechanism;
the power supply device is used for supplying electric energy to the geological information detection device and the central processor;
the geological information detection device rotates along with the drill string and is used for detecting and recording geological information around the well at 360 degrees;
the central processor is used for processing the information measured by the geological information detection device, judging whether the advancing trend of the current well track is matched with the inclination angle/trend of the coal bed or not and further giving a guiding drilling instruction;
the drilling fluid shunting device is used for receiving a guiding instruction given by the central processor and distributing the flow of the drilling fluid to provide hydraulic energy for the guiding actuating mechanism;
and the guide execution mechanism is used for controlling the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the guide instruction of the central processor.
Furthermore, as for the coalbed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device, at least three sets of guiding execution mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill string, and each guiding execution mechanism is correspondingly provided with a matched drilling fluid shunting device.
Furthermore, the coal bed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device comprises a drilling fluid flow dividing device, a drilling fluid flow dividing channel and a drilling fluid accommodating cavity, wherein the drilling fluid flow dividing device comprises an electromagnetic valve, a drilling fluid flow dividing channel and a drilling fluid accommodating cavity which are in signal connection with a central processor; one end of the drilling fluid diversion channel is communicated with the interior of the drill collar, the electromagnetic valve is installed, and the other end of the drilling fluid diversion channel is communicated with the drilling fluid accommodating cavity;
the guide actuating mechanism is installed on the drilling fluid containing cavity.
Further, as above coal bed gas direction well drilling measurement and control device, the direction actuating mechanism includes: a telescopic mechanism and a limiting device; the telescopic mechanism is installed on the drilling fluid containing cavity through a limiting device.
Further, as above coal bed gas direction well drilling measurement and control device, telescopic machanism is scalable piston.
Furthermore, as above, the coal bed gas guiding drilling measurement and control device is provided with a sealing device between the telescopic mechanism and the limiting device.
Further, as above mentioned coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control device, the geological information detection device includes a formation radioactivity detection sensor and an acoustic wave detection sensor.
Further, as above coal bed gas direction well drilling measurement and control device, the power supply device is a whole device battery or a drilling fluid hydraulic generator.
Furthermore, as for the coalbed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device, the distance between the geological information detection device and the position of the access drill bit is 1 +/-0.3 m.
A coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the radioactivity, the porosity, the permeability and the inclination angle of the coal bed and the natural radioactivity of the top plate and the bottom plate rock strata according to the geological information detected by the geological information detection device;
(2) after the geological information is obtained by the central processor, optimizing and determining the depth of a vertical shaft section, the build slope of a build slope section and the start strategy and threshold value of the guide control of a steady slope section by a pre-programmed intelligent algorithm;
(3) at a preset well position, according to the well body structures of the straight well section and the deflecting section determined in the step (2), completing a drilling operation task before the deflecting section by using the coalbed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device;
(4) in the drilling process of the steady inclined section, because the thickness and the inclination angle of a coal bed and the natural radioactivity of coal rocks and upper and lower surrounding rocks are changed, a starting strategy and a threshold value of guiding control are further optimized according to measurement information while drilling, the process is automatically finished by an underground central processor by default, and can also be corrected by a ground engineer through a bidirectional communication system between the underground and the ground;
(5) the guiding strategy comprises at least the following three strategies: the first is that when the well hole advancing trend is matched with the coal seam trend, no guiding force is provided, and the current drilling well deviation and direction are maintained; one is that the well hole has a tendency to go out of the coal seam from the top plate, and a telescopic piston in the guiding mechanism should be extended out when rotating to the high side of the well hole so as to obtain a downward guiding force; one is that the well hole has a tendency to go out of the coal seam from the bottom plate, and a telescopic piston in the guiding mechanism should extend out when rotating to the lower side of the well hole so as to obtain an upward guiding force; when the well track is preset, the number of times of adjusting the well deviation direction of the deviation stabilizing section is reduced as much as possible by combining the geological information of the coal bed, the extension length of the deviation stabilizing section and the working principle of the guiding measurement and control device, and the smooth well is beneficial to cost reduction and efficiency improvement;
(6) the electromagnetic valve receives an instruction of the central processor, and adjusts the opening of the valve to control the flow of the drilling fluid and provide required guiding force for the guiding actuating mechanism;
(7) when the guiding operation is carried out, time lag exists between the time when the electromagnetic valve receives an instruction to be opened and the time when the drilling fluid enters the accommodating cavity to push against the telescopic piston, the telescopic piston dynamically rotates along with the measurement and control device, and the intelligent algorithm considers the factors and sets the lead when the electromagnetic valve is started.
Has the advantages that:
the near-bit measurement and control and the closed-loop intelligent decision are adopted, the position of the well outlet coal seam is effectively identified, the whole set of measurement and control device realizes guidance in the rotary drilling process, the coal seam drilling blocking risk is greatly reduced, and the drilling rate of the directional well section in the coal seam is safely and efficiently improved. Aiming accuracy and hitting speed are comprehensively planned, and automatic driving of coal seam well drilling is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement and control device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of wellbore guidance decision for a single horizontal/directional coal seam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wellbore guidance decision for a dipping coal seam;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a borehole steering decision for a thin coal seam with a detection while drilling range exceeding the thickness of the coal seam;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wellbore guidance decision for a five-segment coal seam.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control device, which comprises: the device comprises a measurement and control device body and a drilling fluid shunting device; the lower part of the measurement and control device body is directly connected with a drill bit, the upper part of the measurement and control device body is connected with a drill collar, and the measurement and control device body rotates along with the drill collar during guiding drilling;
a groove is arranged at one end of the measurement and control device body close to the drill collar, and a power supply device, a geological information detection device and a central processor are arranged in the groove; one end close to the drill bit is provided with a guide actuating mechanism; one end of the drilling fluid shunting device is communicated with the interior of the drill collar, and the other end of the drilling fluid shunting device is communicated with the guide actuating mechanism;
the power supply device is used for supplying electric energy to the geological information detection device and the central processor;
the geological information detection device rotates along with the drill string and is used for detecting and recording geological information around the well at 360 degrees;
specifically, the geological information includes: geological information such as formation porosity, permeability, gas saturation, gas state (free state and adsorption state), rock strength around a well, formation fluid distribution state and the like. Wherein, the information obtained by the radioactive (natural gamma) sensor is mainly used for identifying lithology (basis of guidance); the rest information needs to be measured by sensors such as acoustic wave, electromagnetism and resistivity, so that the geological information detection device comprises a plurality of sensors including a radioactivity detection sensor.
The central processor is used for processing the information measured by the geological information detection device, judging whether the advancing trend of the current well track is identical with the trend of the coal bed or not and further giving a guiding drilling instruction;
specifically, the central processor automatically makes a guiding decision according to information such as the radioactive intensity of each azimuth around the well, the quality index of a well track and the like according to a pre-programmed program, and converts the guiding decision into an 'on/off' electromagnetic signal to be transmitted to the drilling fluid shunting device. Because the borehole is obtained by breaking rock by a rigid drilling tool, the change of the borehole track is smooth and gradual (not broken line and too frequent), the borehole track quality can be evaluated by the three-dimensional coordinates of each point, the three-dimensional coordinates of the drill bit can be detected and recorded at specific time intervals during specific execution, and then the quality index of the borehole track is calculated by a pre-programmed algorithm/program.
The drilling fluid shunting device is used for receiving a guiding instruction given by the central processor and distributing the flow of the drilling fluid to provide hydraulic energy for the guiding actuating mechanism;
and the guide execution mechanism is used for controlling the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the guide instruction of the central processor.
The distance between the geological information detection device and the position where the geological information detection device is connected with the drill bit is 1 +/-0.3 m.
Specifically, the conventional guide drilling tool combination comprises a drill bit, a bent screw (guide mechanism), an MWD (measuring device) and a drill collar from bottom to top, the measuring and guide mechanisms are two tools, only the lower parts of the drill bit and the screw rotate during guide drilling, and the drill bit with the upper part of the screw, the measuring device and thousands of meters above the measuring device cannot rotate, so that drilling jamming accidents are easy to happen. The screw drill belongs to a directional non-rotary guide mechanism, and the length of the screw drill is generally 10-12 m. The invention adopts a push-pull type rotary guide mechanism (the length is only about 1 m), and the guide mechanism and the measuring mechanism are combined into a whole, so that the whole set of drilling tool rotates during the guide drilling, the safety performance is greatly improved, the rotation of the drilling tool causes difficulty in the measurement of geological information, and the problem is solved by an internal intelligent algorithm/program.
In addition, the existing guiding drilling is realized by a bent screw drilling tool, the upper part and the lower part of the bent screw are at a certain angle (not on a straight line), for example, when the drilling is planned to go east, the lower part of the bent screw is pointed to the east, the upper part of the bent screw does not rotate (otherwise, the advancing direction cannot be fixed) during the drilling, and the lower part drives a drill bit to rotate and advance. The development direction of the field is changed from non-rotary directional guide to full-rotary push-pull guide, and the difficulty mainly lies in geological information measurement under the rotary condition and reasonable design of a pushing mechanism (generally, 3-4 pushing mechanisms are designed on a drilling tool, for example, when the drilling tool drills in the east, the pushing mechanism needs to extend to the wall of a well to obtain a reaction force when rotating to the west side, the pushing mechanism needs to retract into the body when drilling in other directions, and the rotating speed of the drilling tool is generally 60-120 revolutions per minute when drilling). Therefore, the rotary guide drilling method is adopted for drilling, and the risk of coal seam drill sticking is obviously reduced.
In summary, the measurement and control device for guiding drilling based on the radioactivity measurement while drilling is provided based on the natural gamma radioactivity difference between the coal bed and the surrounding rock, the distance between the measurement and control device and the drill bit is about 1m, and the problem of lag between geological information measurement and drilling is effectively solved; drilling in a rotary guide mode, so that the risk of drill sticking of the coal seam is obviously reduced; the method has the advantages that the rotation measurement is carried out on the geological information around the well, the thickness, the inclination angle and the well hole position of the coal bed can be effectively identified by matching with an intelligent algorithm, and then whether the current well hole is used for outputting the coal bed or not and the position (from a top plate or a bottom plate) of the coal bed are judged, so that a reliable basis is provided for setting a guiding instruction.
Furthermore, as for the coalbed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device, at least three sets of guiding execution mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill string, and each guiding execution mechanism is correspondingly provided with a matched drilling fluid shunting device.
As shown in fig. 1, the measurement and control device provided by the present invention includes: the device comprises a measurement and control device body 1, a power supply device 2, a geological information detection sensor 3, a central processor 4, a signal channel 5, an electromagnetic valve 6, a sealing device 7, a telescopic mechanism 8 and a limiting device 9.
The lower part of the measuring and controlling device body 1 is directly connected with a drill bit, and the upper part is connected with a drill collar. The power supply device 2 supplies power to the geological information detection sensor 3 and the central processor 4. The geological information detection sensor 3 detects the geomechanical information of the surrounding rocks of the 360-degree well in the rotary drilling process along with the measurement and control device body 1; aiming at the coal bed, the geological information detection sensor 3 can detect the intensity of natural gamma rays of surrounding rocks in a certain area, convert the intensity into an electric signal and transmit the electric signal to the central processor 4; the central processor 4 automatically makes a guiding decision according to information such as radioactivity intensity of each direction around the well, quality index of a well track and the like according to a pre-programmed program, converts the guiding decision into an electromagnetic signal of 'on/off' and transmits the electromagnetic signal to the electromagnetic valve 6 through the signal channel 5; when the electromagnetic valve 6 is in an open state, drilling fluid enters the interior of the piston after passing through the electromagnetic valve 6, and then the drilling fluid pushes the telescopic mechanism 8 to extend out of the measurement and control device body 1 and push against the well wall to obtain reverse guiding force; when the electromagnetic valve 6 is in a closed state, the telescopic mechanism 8 retracts into the measurement and control device body 1 under the action of the well wall; stop device 9 installs on measurement and control device body 1, plays limiting displacement to telescopic machanism 8, installs sealing device 7 between stop device 9 and the telescopic machanism 8.
Compared with the conventional steering drilling using a bent screw drilling tool, the invention has the advantages that: the distance between the geological information detection sensor 3 and the drill bit is obviously shortened, and track regulation and control are facilitated to be carried out in time; the risk of sticking during sliding guide drilling is significantly reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, there is between the coal seam bottom boundary 12 and the coal seam top boundary 13: b, analyzing the thickness of effective extraction of a single horizontal/directional borehole by combining geological information such as formation porosity, permeability, gas saturation, gas state (free state and adsorption state), rock strength around a well, formation fluid distribution state and the like acquired by logging and measurement while drilling in a horizontal borehole 14, a borehole extraction region b 15, a horizontal borehole a 16 and a borehole extraction region a 17; for a very thick coal seam, two-branch/multi-branch well bores are designed to meet the requirements of subsequent coal mining safety or gas capacity construction, generally, a horizontal well bore 16 is drilled firstly, then a horizontal well bore 14 is drilled on the side, and a side drilling point 18 is recommended to be selected in a stable rock stratum (non-coal seam).
As shown in fig. 3: a directional well hole (the inclined angle is less than 90 degrees) 20 is arranged between the coal bed bottom boundary 12 and the coal bed top boundary 13, and for an inclined coal bed, the shallow and deep well hole tracks are preferably designed, so that the inclined angle is less than 90 degrees, which is favorable for the effective transmission of the drilling pressure, and further, the ideal mechanical drilling speed is obtained; generally, the kick-off point 19 is recommended to be selected in a stable formation (non-coal seam).
As shown in fig. 4: at the coal seam bottom boundary 12 and the coal seam top boundary 13 there are: a borehole trajectory 21 in the excessively tortuous non-threshold condition and a reasonable borehole trajectory 22 after the threshold value is set; a measurement and control device is arranged at the top of the coal seam top boundary 13 to detect an upper boundary 23, a local muck body 24 is arranged in the measurement and control device to detect the upper boundary 23, and a measurement and control device is arranged at the lower part of the coal seam bottom boundary 12 to detect a lower boundary 25. For thin coal seams with detection while drilling range exceeding the thickness of the coal seam, local changes of the lithology of the top plate and the bottom plate affect the detection intensity of radioactive signals, and a threshold value is set for the difference value of the gamma of the well azimuth (the value is determined by deep mining and analysis of a large amount of data in the area); when the difference value of the radioactive intensity of the high edge (corresponding to the top plate) and the low edge (corresponding to the bottom plate) of the well is smaller than the threshold value, track adjustment is not carried out, and the phenomenon that the well track is excessively bent, the well drilling safety is influenced and the influence on improving the gas productivity is small is avoided; and when the gamma intensity difference value of the well hole orientation reaches the threshold value, activating a guide mechanism to interfere the well hole advancing direction.
As shown in fig. 5: at the coal seam bottom boundary 12 and the coal seam top boundary 13 there are: a No. 1 straight well section 26, a No. 2 deflecting section 27, a No. 3 deflecting section 28, a No. 4 deflecting section 29, a No. 5 deflecting section 30 and a No. 6 deflecting section 31; the measurement and control device can record well deviation, azimuth and other data of a drilled well; setting threshold values for the times of large-amplitude adjustment of the curvature and the inclination angle of the well according to factors such as the size of the well, the rigidity of a drilling tool and the drilling technical level; when the actual well track curvature exceeds the threshold value, the azimuth is not continuously adjusted, and the phenomenon of overlarge dog leg degree is avoided; the current five-section horizontal well technology is basically mature, and after deflection is completed, large-range well deflection adjustment can be performed only once (namely, the current technical level in fig. 5 can realize 2# -5# section guide drilling, and the 6# section is realized after technical progress). And when the inclination angle of the coal seam is changed for many times, the well hole is considered to be increased and distributed to extract other coal seams.
Compared with the conventional steering drilling using a bent screw drilling tool, the invention has the advantages that: the distance between the formation detection sensor 3 and the drill bit is obviously shortened, and the track regulation and control are facilitated to be carried out in time; the risk of sticking during sliding guide drilling is significantly reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a coal bed gas direction well drilling measurement and control device which characterized in that includes: the measurement and control device body (1) and the drilling fluid shunt device rotate together with the drill collar during guiding drilling; the lower part of the measurement and control device body (1) is directly connected with a drill bit, and the upper part of the measurement and control device body is connected with a drill collar;
a groove is arranged at one end of the measurement and control device body (1) close to the drill collar, and a power supply device, a geological information detection device and a central processor are arranged in the groove; one end close to the drill bit is provided with a guide actuating mechanism; one end of the drilling fluid shunting device is communicated with the interior of the drill collar, and the other end of the drilling fluid shunting device is communicated with the guide actuating mechanism;
the power supply device is used for supplying electric energy to the geological information detection device and the central processor;
the geological information detection device rotates along with the drill string and is used for detecting and recording geological information around the well at 360 degrees;
the central processor is used for processing the information measured by the geological information detection device, judging whether the advancing trend of the current well track is matched with the inclination angle/trend of the coal bed or not and further giving a guiding drilling instruction;
the drilling fluid shunting device is used for receiving a guiding instruction given by the central processor and distributing the flow of the drilling fluid to provide hydraulic energy for the guiding actuating mechanism;
and the guide execution mechanism is used for controlling the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the guide instruction of the central processor.
2. The coal bed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device according to claim 1, wherein at least three sets of the guiding execution mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the measurement and control device body, and each guiding execution mechanism is correspondingly provided with a matched drilling fluid shunting device.
3. The coal bed gas guiding drilling measurement and control device according to claim 1, wherein the drilling fluid diversion device comprises an electromagnetic valve (6) in signal connection with a central processor, a drilling fluid diversion channel (10) and a drilling fluid containing cavity (11); one end of the drilling fluid diversion channel is communicated with the interior of the drill collar, the electromagnetic valve (6) is installed, and the other end of the drilling fluid diversion channel is communicated with the drilling fluid containing cavity (11);
the guide actuating mechanism is arranged on the drilling fluid containing cavity (11).
4. The coalbed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device of claim 3, wherein the guiding actuator comprises: a telescopic mechanism (8) and a limiting device (9); the telescopic mechanism (8) is installed on the drilling fluid containing cavity (11) through a limiting device (9).
5. The coal bed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device according to claim 4, wherein the telescoping mechanism (8) is a telescopic piston.
6. The coal bed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device according to claim 4, wherein a sealing device (7) is arranged between the telescoping mechanism (8) and the limiting device (9).
7. The measurement and control device for guiding coal bed methane drilling according to claim 1, wherein the geological information detection device comprises a formation radioactivity detection sensor and an acoustic wave detection sensor.
8. The coalbed methane directional drilling measurement and control device of claim 1, wherein the power supply device is a self-contained battery or a drilling fluid hydraulic generator.
9. The coal bed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device of claim 1, wherein the distance between the geological information detection device and the position where the drill bit is connected is 1 +/-0.3 m.
10. A coal bed gas guiding well drilling measurement and control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining the radioactivity, the porosity, the permeability and the inclination angle of the coal bed and the natural radioactivity of the top plate and the bottom plate rock strata according to the geological information detected by the geological information detection device;
(2) after the geological information is obtained by the central processor, optimizing and determining the depth of a vertical shaft section, the build slope of a build slope section and the start strategy and threshold value of the guide control of a steady slope section by a pre-programmed intelligent algorithm;
(3) at a preset well position, according to the well body structures of the straight well section and the deflecting section determined in the step (2), completing a drilling operation task before the deflecting section by using the coalbed methane guiding drilling measurement and control device;
(4) in the drilling process of the steady inclined section, because the thickness and the inclination angle of a coal bed and the natural radioactivity of coal rocks and upper and lower surrounding rocks are changed, a starting strategy and a threshold value of guiding control are further optimized according to measurement information while drilling, the process is automatically finished by an underground central processor by default, and can also be corrected by a ground engineer through a bidirectional communication system between the underground and the ground;
(5) the guiding strategy comprises at least the following three strategies: the first is that when the well hole advancing trend is matched with the coal seam trend, no guiding force is provided, and the current drilling well deviation and direction are maintained; one is that the well hole has a tendency to go out of the coal seam from the top plate, and a telescopic piston in the guiding mechanism should be extended out when rotating to the high side of the well hole so as to obtain a downward guiding force; one is that the well hole has a tendency to go out of the coal seam from the bottom plate, and a telescopic piston in the guiding mechanism should extend out when rotating to the lower side of the well hole so as to obtain an upward guiding force; when the well track is preset, the number of times of adjusting the well deviation direction of the deviation stabilizing section is reduced as much as possible by combining the geological information of the coal bed, the extension length of the deviation stabilizing section and the working principle of the guiding measurement and control device, and the smooth well is beneficial to cost reduction and efficiency improvement;
(6) the electromagnetic valve receives an instruction of the central processor, and adjusts the opening of the valve to control the flow of the drilling fluid and provide required guiding force for the guiding actuating mechanism;
(7) when the guiding operation is carried out, time lag exists between the time when the electromagnetic valve receives an instruction to be opened and the time when the drilling fluid enters the accommodating cavity to push against the telescopic piston, the telescopic piston dynamically rotates along with the measurement and control device, and the intelligent algorithm considers the factors and sets the lead when the electromagnetic valve is started.
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| CN115199257A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-10-18 | 山东科技大学 | Coal bed gas productivity prediction device based on measurement while drilling and use method thereof |
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