CN113105881A - Petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to an oil fracturing ceramsite proppant and a preparation method thereof, wherein the oil fracturing ceramsite proppant is a mixture composed of the following components: flue dust of power plant, kaolin, manganese mineral powder, corn starch and bentonite, through using the flue dust of power plant as the main component of oil fracturing ceramsite proppant, carry out the preliminary treatment to the flue dust of power plant before the preparation, reduce finished product porosity, increase yield behind the finished product, through granulation and crushing grinding many times when making, make the raw materials of each component mix more evenly, chemical composition is more stable, reduce the concentration of the carrying fluid of quiet fracturing in-process, and then reduce manufacturing cost, can reduce the reserves of flue dust of power plant simultaneously, reduce the pollution of flue dust of power plant to air and quality of water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The petroleum proppant is also called petroleum fracturing proppant. When the petroleum and natural gas deep well is exploited, after the high-closure-pressure low-permeability deposit is subjected to fracturing treatment, the petroleum-containing rock stratum is cracked, the petroleum and gas are collected from a channel formed by the cracks, at the moment, the fluid is required to be injected into the rock base layer so as to exceed the pressure of the fracture strength of the stratum, the rock stratum around the shaft is cracked, a channel with high laminar flow capacity is formed, and in order to keep the cracks formed after fracturing open, the petroleum and gas products can smoothly pass through the channel. The petroleum propping agent enters the stratum along with the high-pressure solution and is filled in the cracks of the rock stratum, so that the cracks are supported and are not closed due to stress release, high flow conductivity is kept, oil and gas are smooth, and the yield is increased.
The power plant flue dust is one of the power plant flue dust, the production cost can be reduced by using the power plant flue dust to prepare the petroleum fracturing propping agent, the existing power plant flue dust can be replaced, the waste is changed into valuable, the storage pressure of the power plant flue dust and the pollution to the air are reduced, and the utilization rate of the power plant flue dust is improved; the flue dust of the power plant forms tiny dust in the air due to small particle size, so that dust pollution is caused, the dust pollution needs to be collected and treated uniformly after being generated, the penetration can be caused by burying treatment, the soil quality is influenced, and the industrial application of the flue dust of the power plant is low, so that the increase of the amount of the flue dust of the power plant causes considerable pressure on the environment and waste treatment.
Flue ash of power plant is as the discarded object that produces along with power plant's production, and power plant's flue can cause serious environmental pollution because the particle diameter is little after the emission, and the excavation is buried and can be influenced geology, and the flue ash of recycling not only can avoid flue ash polluted environment but also can play the purpose of changing waste into valuables, and at present, adding flue ash when making oil fracturing proppant is an effective method, and the technique that other producers mastered at present is: 10-30% of flue dust of a power plant is added into the fracturing propping agent and used as one of auxiliary components, and as the flue dust has loose physical properties and is not easy to gather, the flue dust has poor plasticity and is not easy to form balls, the performance and effect of the petroleum fracturing propping agent can be seriously influenced when the using amount is increased, and the strength of the petroleum fracturing ceramsite propping agent is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems of treatment and reutilization of flue dust of the existing power plant and provides a formula for preparing a petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant by using a large amount of flue dust of the power plant and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant comprises the following components in parts by mass: 65-85% of flue dust of a power plant, 10-30% of kaolin, 2-4% of manganese ore powder, 0.5-1.5% of corn starch and 0.5-2.5% of bentonite.
Further, the power plant flue dust is pretreated before being added into the mixture, and the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
step S1: grinding, namely adding flue dust of a power plant into a Raymond machine for crushing and grinding, and screening by adopting a 200-mesh and 400-mesh screen after grinding;
step S2: granulating, namely adding the powdery material obtained in the step 1 into a granulating pot, and performing water spraying granulation to prepare coal ash particles with the diameter of 3-10 mm, wherein the rotating speed of the granulating pot is 20-60 r/min;
step S3: dehydrating, namely dehydrating the coal ash particles obtained in the step S2 at a high temperature;
step S4: and (4) crushing, namely grinding and crushing the dehydrated particles in the step (S3) and bagging for later use.
Further, the dehydration in the step S3 is performed by using a high temperature muffle furnace, the dehydration temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3-5h, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min.
Further, step 1: stirring the mixture, and uniformly stirring flue dust of a power plant, kaolin, manganese mineral powder, corn starch and bentonite to obtain a mixture A;
step 2: grinding, namely stirring and mixing the mixture A obtained in the step 1 with a grinding medium and water to obtain a mixture B;
and step 3: drying, namely adding a ball milling auxiliary agent into the mixture B for wet milling, putting the mixture B obtained after the wet milling into a slurry tray for ageing, and drying the aged mixture B until the water content is 1-3%;
and 4, step 4: crushing and preparing a blank, crushing the mixture B dried in the step 3, adding the crushed mixture C into a granulator to prepare spherical blank particles, putting the spherical blank particles into the crusher to be broken up again, and repeatedly breaking up for 3-5 times to obtain powder C;
and 5: performing spray granulation, namely transferring the scattered powdery material C into a granulator, granulating at a constant unidirectional rotating speed, simultaneously spraying a lignocellulose aqueous solution into the granulator, synchronously starting to add the powdery material C, stopping spraying the lignocellulose aqueous solution when the particle size of the particles reaches 0.3-1 mm, and continuously adding powder for polishing to obtain particles D;
step 6: and (5) drying and screening the particles D in the step (5), screening particles with the particle size of 850-425 micrometers from the particles D with different particle sizes, and then putting the particles into a corundum cup for sintering to obtain the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant.
Further, the mass ratio of the mixture A, the grinding medium and the water in the step 2 is 1: 1-6: 1-4.
Further, the ball-milling auxiliary agent in the step 2 is sodium tripolyphosphate, and the used mass of the ball-milling auxiliary agent is 0.1-5% of the total mass of the mixture.
Further, the wet grinding time in the step 2 is 10-30h, and the wet grinding is finished after the particle size of the mixture B reaches 5-15 μm.
Further, the concentration of the lignocellulose aqueous solution in the step 5 is 0.1-0.5%.
Further, the sintering in the step 6 adopts a resistance furnace, the temperature is raised to 1200-1500 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for sintering for 2-5h, and then the product is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through using the flue ash of power plant as the essential element of oil fracturing haydite proppant, carry out the preliminary treatment to the flue ash of power plant before the preparation, reduce finished product porosity, increase yield behind the finished product, through granulation and crushing grinding many times when the preparation, make the raw materials of each component mix more evenly, chemical composition is more stable, make product quality more stable good, simultaneously can reduce the concentration of quiet fracturing in-process carrier fluid again because its density is low, and then reduce manufacturing cost, can reduce the reserves of flue ash of power plant simultaneously, reduce the pollution of flue ash of power plant to air and quality of water.
Detailed Description
The flue dust of the power plant is fine dust collected from flue gas generated after coal combustion, and the flue dust of the power plant is main solid waste discharged by a coal-fired power plant. The main oxide composition of the flue dust of the power plant of the thermal power plant in China is SiO2、Al2O3、FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、TiO2And the like. Along with the development of the power industry, the discharge amount of flue ash in a power plant of a coal-fired power plant is increased year by year, and the flue ash becomes one of industrial waste residues with larger discharge amount in China.
Kaolin, a non-metallic mineral, is a clay and claystone based on clay minerals of the kaolinite family. It is also called dolomitic soil because it is white and fine. The name is obtained from Kaolin village in Jingdezhen of Jiangxi province. The pure kaolin is in a white, fine and soft soil shape and has good physical and chemical properties such as plasticity, fire resistance and the like. The mineral components of the mineral composition mainly comprise kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, quartz, feldspar and other minerals. Kaolin has wide application, is mainly used for paper making, ceramics and refractory materials, is used for coating, rubber filler, enamel glaze and white cement raw materials, and is used for industrial departments such as plastics, paint, pigment, grinding wheels, pencils, daily cosmetics, soap, pesticide, medicine, textile, petroleum, chemical industry, building materials, national defense and the like in a small amount.
Bentonite, also called bentonite, bentonite or bentonite. The bentonite has a long history of being developed and used in China, and is only used as a detergent originally. (in the life region of Sichuan, there are open-pit mines hundreds of years ago, and local people call bentonite as soil powder). Is really widely used but has a history of only a hundred years. The earliest discovery in the united states was that in ancient strata in wyoming, clay, which is yellow-green in color, expanded to a paste upon addition of water, and later, all clays of this nature were referred to collectively as bentonites. The main mineral component of bentonite is montmorillonite with content of 85-90%, and some properties of bentonite are determined by montmorillonite. Montmorillonite can be in various colors such as yellow-green, yellow-white, gray, white, and the like. Can be in compact block shape or loose soil shape, has smooth feeling when rubbed with fingers, expands several times to 20-30 times after adding water into small block, and is in suspension state in water and pasty state when water is little. The properties of montmorillonite are related to its chemical composition and internal structure.
Example 1
Preparing raw materials in parts by weight: 65% of flue dust of a power plant, 30% of kaolin, 3% of manganese ore powder, 0.5% of corn starch and 1.5% of bentonite;
pretreating flue dust of a power plant: putting power plant flue dust into a Raymond mill for grinding, screening according to a 320-target standard, putting the ground power plant flue dust into a granulating pot for granulation in a rotating mode at 36r/min, spraying water in the granulating process to obtain power plant flue dust particles with the diameter of 3-10 mm, then screening, removing powder and fine particles, ensuring that the strength of the power plant flue dust particles is more than 50g, putting the screened power plant flue dust particles into a muffle furnace for dehydration, heating to 1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for four hours, putting the dehydrated power plant flue dust particles into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, and bagging for later use after grinding for 3 hours; the pretreatment of the flue dust of the power plant can reduce the porosity of a finished product in the sintering process, so that the product is more stable, and the yield of the product is improved;
preparing a petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant: mixing and stirring the pretreated flue dust of the power plant, kaolin, manganese ore powder, corn starch and bentonite to obtain a mixture A, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture A to the weight ratio of the mixture A is as follows: grinding medium: mixing water =1:3.5:1.2 to obtain a mixture B, adding 0.12% of ball-milling auxiliary agent sodium tripolyphosphate to the mixture B, wet-milling for 10-30H, finishing when the granularity of the slurry is kept at 5-15 μm, placing the milled slurry in a slurry tray for ageing for 24 hours, uniformly mixing the raw materials of various components in the wet-milling process, increasing the stability of chemical components, improving the yield of products, drying the aged slurry in an oven until the moisture content is 1-3%, crushing by using a crusher, transferring the crushed material into a granulator for granulation to obtain large-ball blank particles, then placing the large-ball blank particles in the crusher for crushing, repeating the 3 times of crushing to obtain powder C, transferring the powder C into the granulator again, and granulating at a uniform speed of 26r/min, spraying a lignocellulose aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.15% in the granulation process, stopping spraying the lignocellulose aqueous solution when the particle size of the particles reaches 0.3-1 mm, continuously adding the powder C, polishing for 30 minutes to obtain a particulate matter D, placing the particulate matter D in a drying box, drying for 3 hours at 120 ℃, controlling the water content to be 1-3%, screening out the particulate matter D with the particle size of 425 plus 850 micrometers by using a sieve, placing the particulate matter D in a corundum cup, sintering in a resistance furnace, heating to 1320 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for sintering for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
Preparing raw materials in parts by weight: 85% of flue dust of a power plant, 10% of kaolin, 2% of manganese ore powder, 1.5% of corn starch and 1.5% of bentonite;
pretreating flue dust of a power plant: putting power plant flue dust into a Raymond mill for grinding, screening according to a 320-target standard, putting the ground power plant flue dust into a granulating pot for granulation in a rotating mode at 36r/min, spraying water in the granulating process to obtain power plant flue dust particles with the diameter of 3-10 mm, then screening, removing powder and fine particles, ensuring that the strength of the power plant flue dust particles is more than 50g, putting the screened power plant flue dust particles into a muffle furnace for dehydration, heating to 1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for four hours, putting the dehydrated power plant flue dust particles into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, and bagging for later use after grinding for 3 hours; the pretreatment of the flue dust of the power plant can reduce the porosity of a finished product in the sintering process, so that the product is more stable, and the yield of the product is improved;
preparing a petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant: mixing and stirring the pretreated flue dust of the power plant, kaolin, manganese ore powder, corn starch and bentonite to obtain a mixture A, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture A to the weight ratio of the mixture A is as follows: grinding medium: mixing water =1:3.5:1.2 to obtain a mixture B, adding 0.12% of ball-milling auxiliary agent sodium tripolyphosphate to the mixture B, wet-milling for 10-30H, finishing when the granularity of the slurry is kept at 5-15 μm, placing the milled slurry in a slurry tray for ageing for 24 hours, uniformly mixing the raw materials of various components in the wet-milling process, increasing the stability of chemical components, improving the yield of products, drying the aged slurry in an oven until the moisture content is 1-3%, crushing by using a crusher, transferring the crushed material into a granulator for granulation to obtain large-ball blank particles, then placing the large-ball blank particles in the crusher for crushing, repeating the 3 times of crushing to obtain powder C, transferring the powder C into the granulator again, and granulating at a uniform speed of 26r/min, spraying a lignocellulose aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.15% in the granulation process, stopping spraying the lignocellulose aqueous solution when the particle size of the particles reaches 0.3-1 mm, continuously adding the powder C, polishing for 30 minutes to obtain particles D, placing the particles D in a drying box, drying for 3 hours at 120 ℃, controlling the water content to be 1-3%, screening out the particles D with the particle size of 425 plus 850 micrometers by a sieve, placing the particles D in a corundum cup, sintering in a resistance furnace, heating to 1320 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for sintering for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 3
Preparing raw materials in parts by weight: 75% of flue dust of a power plant, 20% of kaolin, 3% of manganese ore powder, 0.8% of corn starch and 1.2% of bentonite;
pretreating flue dust of a power plant: putting power plant flue dust into a Raymond mill for grinding, screening according to a 320-target standard, putting the ground power plant flue dust into a granulating pot for granulation in a rotating mode at 36r/min, spraying water in the granulating process to obtain power plant flue dust particles with the diameter of 3-10 mm, then screening, removing powder and fine particles, ensuring that the strength of the power plant flue dust particles is more than 50g, putting the screened power plant flue dust particles into a muffle furnace for dehydration, heating to 1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for four hours, putting the dehydrated power plant flue dust particles into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, and bagging for later use after grinding for 3 hours; the pretreatment of the flue dust of the power plant can reduce the porosity of a finished product in the sintering process, so that the product is more stable, and the yield of the product is improved;
preparing a petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant: mixing and stirring the pretreated flue dust of the power plant, kaolin, manganese ore powder, corn starch and bentonite to obtain a mixture A, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture A to the weight ratio of the mixture A is as follows: grinding medium: mixing water =1:3.5:1.2 to obtain a mixture B, adding 0.12% of ball-milling auxiliary agent sodium tripolyphosphate to the mixture B, wet-milling for 10-30H, finishing when the granularity of the slurry is kept at 5-15 μm, placing the milled slurry in a slurry tray for ageing for 24 hours, uniformly mixing the raw materials of various components in the wet-milling process, increasing the stability of chemical components, improving the yield of products, drying the aged slurry in an oven until the moisture content is 1-3%, crushing by using a crusher, transferring the crushed material into a granulator for granulation to obtain large-ball blank particles, then placing the large-ball blank particles in the crusher for crushing, repeating the 3 times of crushing to obtain powder C, transferring the powder C into the granulator again, and granulating at a uniform speed of 26r/min, spraying a lignocellulose aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.15% in the granulation process, stopping spraying the lignocellulose aqueous solution when the particle size of the particles reaches 0.3-1 mm, continuously adding the powder C, polishing for 30 minutes to obtain particles D, placing the particles D in a drying box, drying for 3 hours at 120 ℃, controlling the water content to be 1-3%, screening out the particles D with the particle size of 425 plus 850 micrometers by a sieve, placing the particles D in a corundum cup, sintering in a resistance furnace, heating to 1320 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for sintering for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Experiment 1
The density of the products obtained in examples 1 to 3 was measured, the product types were 20/40, 30/50 and 40/70, and three different types were used to set different sintering temperatures for data comparison, and the results were as follows:
the water milling experimental data of 65% of flue dust of a power plant are as follows:
water mill experimental data of 85% flue dust of power plant:
75% of flue dust water mill experimental data of a power plant:
according to the comparison of the experimental data, the stone (additive) oil fracturing ceramsite proppant prepared by using 75% of flue dust of a power plant at the sintering temperature of 1320 ℃ has strong stability and low breakage rate, and is the optimal proportion of the invention.
Experiment 2: experiment of dry and wet grinding of mixture B, the experiment was carried out at the ratio in example 3:
dry milling experimental data for mixture B:
data from wet milling experiment for mixture B:
therefore, the product can increase the body density by using a wet grinding mode, so that the combination of all components is tighter, and the qualification rate (removal rate) of a crushing experiment is lower.
Experiment 3: whether the influence of the flue dust of the power plant on the finished product is pretreated is tested according to the proportion in the embodiment 3;
flue dust pretreatment experimental data of a power plant:
non-pretreatment experimental data of flue dust of a power plant:
according to the method, after the flue dust of the power plant is pretreated, the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant is prepared, the finished product is more stable, and the good (removal) rate of the fracture is lower.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 65-85% of flue dust of a power plant, 10-30% of kaolin, 2-4% of manganese ore powder, 0.5-1.5% of corn starch and 0.5-2.5% of bentonite.
2. The petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant of claim 1, wherein the power plant flue dust is pretreated before being added to the mixture, the pretreatment comprising the steps of:
step S1: grinding, namely adding flue dust of a power plant into a Raymond machine for crushing and grinding, and screening by adopting a 200-mesh and 400-mesh screen after grinding;
step S2: granulating, namely adding the powdery material obtained in the step 1 into a granulating pot, and performing water spraying granulation to prepare coal ash particles with the diameter of 3-10 mm, wherein the rotating speed of the granulating pot is 20-60 r/min;
step S3: dehydrating, namely dehydrating the coal ash particles obtained in the step S2 at a high temperature;
step S4: and (4) crushing, namely grinding and crushing the dehydrated particles in the step (S3) and bagging for later use.
3. The ceramsite proppant for petroleum fracturing as set forth in claim 2, wherein the dehydration in step S3 is carried out in a high temperature muffle furnace, the dehydration temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3-5h, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min.
4. The preparation method of the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that:
step 1: stirring the mixture, and uniformly stirring flue dust of a power plant, kaolin, manganese mineral powder, corn starch and bentonite to obtain a mixture A;
step 2: grinding, namely stirring and mixing the mixture A obtained in the step 1 with a grinding medium and water to obtain a mixture B;
and step 3: drying, namely adding a ball milling auxiliary agent into the mixture B for wet milling, putting the mixture B obtained after the wet milling into a slurry tray for ageing, and drying the aged mixture B until the water content is 1-3%;
and 4, step 4: crushing and preparing a blank, crushing the mixture B dried in the step 3, adding the crushed mixture C into a granulator to prepare spherical blank particles, putting the spherical blank particles into the crusher to be broken up again, and repeatedly breaking up for 3-5 times to obtain powder C;
and 5: performing spray granulation, namely transferring the scattered powdery material C into a granulator, granulating at a constant unidirectional rotating speed, simultaneously spraying a lignocellulose aqueous solution into the granulator, synchronously starting to add the powdery material C, stopping spraying the lignocellulose aqueous solution when the particle size of the particles reaches 0.3-1 mm, and continuously adding powder for polishing to obtain particles D;
step 6: and (5) drying and screening the particles D in the step (5), screening particles with the particle size of 850-425 micrometers from the particles D with different particle sizes, and then putting the particles into a corundum cup for sintering to obtain the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant.
5. The preparation method of the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the mixture A, the grinding medium and the water in the step 2 is 1: 1-6: 1-4.
6. The preparation method of the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that: the ball-milling auxiliary agent in the step 2 is sodium tripolyphosphate, and the mass of the ball-milling auxiliary agent is 0.1-5% of the total mass of the mixture.
7. The preparation method of the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that: the wet grinding time in the step 2 is 10-30h, and the wet grinding is finished when the particle size of the mixture B reaches 5-15 mu m.
8. The preparation method of the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that: the concentration of the lignocellulose aqueous solution in the step 5 is 0.1-0.5%.
9. The preparation method of the petroleum fracturing ceramsite proppant as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that: and (3) adopting a resistance furnace for sintering in the step 6, raising the temperature to 1200-1500 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for sintering for 2-5h, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
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| CN115125040A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 圣火能源科技(广东)有限公司 | Pentaneyl cutting fluid additive, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115125040B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-02-09 | 圣火能源科技(广东)有限公司 | Pentane-based cutting fluid additive and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210713 |