CN113102911B - Low-deformation vertical welding structure and process - Google Patents
Low-deformation vertical welding structure and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113102911B CN113102911B CN202110401206.5A CN202110401206A CN113102911B CN 113102911 B CN113102911 B CN 113102911B CN 202110401206 A CN202110401206 A CN 202110401206A CN 113102911 B CN113102911 B CN 113102911B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a low-deformation vertical welding structure, which comprises: a cylinder structure having a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface; the plate body structure is vertically connected with the end part of the cylinder body structure to form a flange type or cover body type structure and is provided with a third inclined plane, a fourth inclined plane and a third plane, and a heating structure protruding relative to the fourth inclined plane is formed after the third inclined plane is connected with the third plane; the structure forms a first welding area and a second welding area respectively; the heated structure is arranged on one side of the second welding area and used for being heated and transferring heat to the first welding area and the second welding area and being removed after welding is completed. The invention fully considers the instantaneous deformation and the welding residual deformation in the welding process, changes the original welding seam distribution form and the heating area in the preheating process, and thus effectively reduces the deformation amount and the internal stress of the final product. The invention also claims a low-deformation vertical welding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a low-deformation vertical welding structure and a process.
Background
The welded workpiece is subjected to the action of an uneven temperature field in the welding process, and shape and size changes, including instantaneous deformation generated when the welded workpiece changes along with temperature changes and welding residual deformation generated when the welded workpiece is completely cooled to the initial temperature, are inevitably generated.
At present, in the process of welding a vertical structure applied to a cylinder body or a valve body, in order to obtain a more stable and better-sealing welding structure, a welding form of two-side welding seams is commonly used. Before welding, the positions to be welded of the two vertical bodies to be welded are preheated in a flame heating mode, so that the two vertical bodies are welded after the temperatures of the two vertical bodies reach about 80-100 ℃. In the heating process, instantaneous deformation is inevitably generated due to instantaneous temperature rise, and welding residual deformation is difficult to reduce because the arrangement positions of two welding seams are relatively concentrated.
In view of the above problems, the present designer is based on the practical experience and professional knowledge that are abundant for many years in engineering application of such products, and is engaged in the application of theory to actively make research and innovation, so as to design a low-deformation vertical welding structure and process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-deformation vertical welding structure, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art, and simultaneously, the invention also requests to protect a low-deformation vertical welding process, and has the same technical effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a low-deformation vertical welded structure comprising:
the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the cylinder structure are gathered together through the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface respectively to form an annular convex structure at the end part;
the plate body structure is vertically connected with the end part of the cylinder body structure to form a flange type or cover body type structure, a first plane and a second plane which are parallel are gathered together through a third inclined plane and a fourth inclined plane respectively, the end parts of the third inclined plane and the fourth inclined plane are connected through the third plane, the third plane is parallel to the first plane and the second plane, and a heating structure which is convex relative to the fourth inclined plane is formed after the third inclined plane and the third plane are connected;
one side edge of the second plane is connected with the edge of the outer side wall or the edge of the inner side wall of the cylinder structure to form a right-angle structure, and the right-angle structure is a first welding area;
when the second plane is connected with the outer side wall, the fourth inclined surface is attached to the second inclined surface and extends outwards relative to the second inclined surface, and a groove body structure is formed together with the first inclined surface, wherein the groove body structure is a second welding area;
when the second plane is connected with the inner side wall, the fourth inclined surface is attached to the first inclined surface and extends outwards relative to the first inclined surface, and a groove body structure is formed together with the second inclined surface and is a second welding area;
the heating structure is arranged on one side of the second welding area and used for heating and transferring heat to the first welding area and the second welding area and removing the heat after welding is completed.
Further, the included angle between the surfaces of the two sides of the inclined surface of the second welding area formed by the end part of the cylinder structure is larger than 45 degrees.
Further, an annular concave area is arranged on the third inclined surface.
Further, the recessed area is of a curved surface structure.
Further, an included angle between the third inclined surface and the third plane is less than 45 °.
Further, after the positioning of the cylinder structure and the plate structure is completed, the edge of the fourth inclined plane is coplanar with the side wall of the cylinder structure.
Further, after the positioning of the cylinder structure and the plate structure is completed, the edge of the fourth inclined plane extends outwards relative to the side wall of the cylinder structure.
A low-deformation vertical welding process is used for welding the low-deformation vertical welding structure and comprises the following steps:
positioning the cylinder structure and the plate structure to form a first welding area and a second welding area;
heating the third inclined surface of the heated structure by open fire;
welding the first welding area and the second welding area which reach the set temperature range through heat transfer after heating;
carrying out heat treatment after welding;
and removing materials of the heated structure after the heat treatment is finished.
Further, in the welding process, the welding of the second welding area is performed first, and then the welding of the first welding area is performed.
Further, the cross-sectional dimension of the first weld zone weld is greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the second weld zone weld.
Through the technical scheme of the invention, the following technical effects can be realized:
the invention fully considers the instantaneous deformation and the welding residual deformation in the welding process, changes the original welding seam distribution form and the heating area in the preheating process, thereby effectively reducing the deformation and the internal stress of the final product and obtaining a more stable product structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a plate structure as a flange structure, with a welded connection to the plate structure;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a plate structure as a flange-like structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the barrel and plate structures of FIGS. 1 and 2 after positioning (including a partial display of the weld zone and the removal of the heated structural material);
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the distribution of the heating zone, the metal heat transfer zone and the air heat transfer zone;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of a background welding process and a welding process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a barrel structure welded to a plate structure as a cover structure;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a plate structure as a cover-like structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the barrel and plate structures of FIGS. 6 and 7 positioned (including a partial illustration of the weld zone and the removal of the heated structural material);
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the position of angle α;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the recessed regions;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a low deformation vertical welding process;
reference numerals:
1. a barrel structure; 11. an inner sidewall; 12. an outer sidewall; 13. a first inclined surface; 14. a second inclined surface; 2. a plate body structure; 21. a first plane; 22. a second plane; 23. a third inclined surface; 24. a fourth inclined surface; 25. a third plane; 26. a recessed region; 3. a first weld region; 4. a second weld region; 5. a metallic heat conductive region; 6. an air heat conduction region.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
A low-deformation vertical welded structure comprising: the cylinder structure 1 is characterized in that an inner side wall 11 and an outer side wall 12 are gathered through a first inclined surface 13 and a second inclined surface 14 respectively to form an annular convex structure at the end part; the plate body structure 2 is vertically connected with the end part of the cylinder body structure 1 to form a flange type or cover body type structure, the parallel first plane 21 and second plane 22 are gathered together through a third inclined plane 23 and a fourth inclined plane 24 respectively, the end parts of the third inclined plane 23 and the fourth inclined plane 24 are connected through a third plane 25, the third plane 25 is parallel to the first plane 21 and the second plane 22, and a heating structure protruding relative to the fourth inclined plane 24 is formed after the third inclined plane 23 and the third plane 25 are connected; the second plane 22 has an edge connected to the edge of the outer sidewall 12 or the inner sidewall 11 of the cylinder structure 1 and forms a right-angle structure, which is the first welding area 3.
When the second plane 22 is connected to the outer sidewall 12, the fourth inclined surface 24 is attached to the second inclined surface 14 and extends outward relative to the second inclined surface 14 to form a groove structure together with the first inclined surface 13, where the groove structure is the second welding region 4; when the second plane 22 is connected to the inner sidewall 11, the fourth inclined surface 24 is attached to the first inclined surface 13 and extends outward relative to the first inclined surface 13, so as to form a groove structure together with the second inclined surface 14, wherein the groove structure is the second welding region 4.
The heated structure is arranged on one side of the second welding area 4, is used for being heated and transferring heat to the first welding area 3 and the second welding area 4, and is removed after the welding is finished.
The invention fully considers the instantaneous deformation and the welding residual deformation in the welding process, changes the original welding seam distribution form and the heating area in the preheating process, thereby effectively reducing the deformation and the internal stress of the final product and obtaining a more stable product structure.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a specific embodiment when the plate body structure 2 is a flange-type structure is shown, and the first inclined surface 13 and the second inclined surface 14 in fig. 1 constitute an end form of the cylindrical body structure 1, and such a structural form can be obtained by turning, wherein the second inclined surface 14 is attached to the fourth inclined surface 24 in subsequent processing, and the first inclined surface 13 is in contact with the solder at a later stage, so that the processing precision of the second inclined surface 14 is better than that of the first inclined surface 13, on one hand, the sealing property at the surface attachment position can be ensured, and in addition, the processing cost can be reduced.
The third inclined surface 23, the fourth inclined surface 24 and the third flat surface 25 in fig. 2 can be obtained by the same processing method, wherein the heat receiving structure formed by connecting the third inclined surface 23 and the third flat surface 25 is not used as the structure of the product, and therefore, the lower processing precision can be satisfied, but the fourth inclined surface 24 is partially contacted with the second inclined surface 14 and partially contacted with the solder, and therefore, the processing precision is preferably kept to be the same as that of the second inclined surface 14. The extension of the fourth inclined surface 24 with respect to the second inclined surface 14 determines the welding range of the final second welding zone 4 and can be selected according to the actual product requirements.
Two welding area's after the welding distribution form is as step b in fig. 3, c and fig. 4 demonstrate, distribute respectively in the both sides of fourth inclined plane 24 and the 14 laminating positions on second inclined plane, as shown in fig. 5, this kind of distribution distance is for the effectual welding seam distance that has increased in both sides that originally is located 1 or 2 wall thickness directions of plate body structure, the centralization of being heated in the welding process has been alleviated to a certain extent, simultaneously through increasing the cooperation area between 1 and the plate body structure 2 of tube body structure, multiplicable heat-conduction, alleviate instantaneous deformation.
In the invention, the more important point is that the original mode that the areas to be welded of the cylinder structure 1 and the plate structure 2 are directly heated by flame is changed, the two welding areas are preheated in a heat conduction mode through the contact of the heating structure and the flame, the uniformity of heating can be effectively improved, referring to fig. 4, the oval area is the metal heat conduction area 5, the triangular area is the air heat conduction area 6, the two areas can rapidly enable the position to be welded to reach the set preheating temperature, in the above process, the arrangement of the heating structure blocks open fire on one hand and bears instantaneous deformation generated by flame heating on the other hand, and in the welding process, even if secondary heating exists in the secondary welding process, deformation quantity is relatively concentrated at the position, so that the structural influence on a final product is effectively reduced. After the welding is completed, the heated structure is subjected to material removal, so that a flat product surface and a more stable material form can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, a specific implementation manner when the plate structure 2 is a cover structure is shown, the specific structural features and the implementation manner are the same as those of the above embodiment, and the technical effects that can be achieved are also the same, which is not described herein again.
Preferably, in the above embodiment, the angle between the two sides of the inclined surface of the end of the tubular structure 1 constituting the second welding region 4 is greater than 45 °. When the plate body structure 2 is a flange-like structure, as shown in fig. 4, the surface constituting the second welding region 4 in the preferred embodiment is a first inclined surface 13, and the surfaces at both sides thereof are an inner side wall 11 and a second inclined surface 14 of the cylindrical body structure 1, respectively; when the plate structure 2 is a cover-type structure, as shown in fig. 9, the surface constituting the second welding region 4 in the preferred embodiment is a second inclined surface 14, and the surfaces on both sides thereof are an outer side wall 12 and a first inclined surface 13 of the tubular structure 1, respectively; the angle alpha between the faces on both sides is less than 45 deg., the reason for this arrangement is that this region is closer to the heated region, and the effect of transient deformation can be mitigated by the greater thickness. But in practice, the heat on one side is obtained through air heat conduction, so that the heat is more uniform and stable.
In order to further improve the structural stability of the product, the third inclined surface 23 is provided with an annular recessed area 26. Referring to fig. 10, the above-described arrangement is intended to change the manner of contact with the flame, to make the heating region more concentrated to some extent, and to change the heat radiation manner, to reduce the heat affected zone of the instantaneous deformation.
The recessed area 26 is a curved surface structure. Thereby avoid the heat to carry out the heat reflection from the direction of concentrating relatively, the curved surface structure is more even to thermal reflection to can further improve thermal concentration nature and homogeneity, realize being heated the reducing of structural deformation volume, thereby reduce the influence degree to material on every side.
As a preference of the above embodiment, the angle between the third inclined surface 23 and the third plane 25 is less than 45 °. By comparing the heated structure in step b in fig. 3 with that in step b in fig. 8, it is clear that the angle limitation in the preferred embodiment can relatively increase the area of the heated portion, and this increase in area can avoid the influence of open flame on the position to be welded on the one hand, and can make the instantaneous deformation further away from the final product structure to be retained on the other hand, and the improvement does not have an excessive influence on the solid and air conduction of heat in view of the faster heat conduction of the metal.
As a preference of the above embodiment, there are two preferred modes for the arrangement of the fourth inclined surface 24:
after the cylinder structure 1 and the plate structure 2 are positioned, the edge of the fourth inclined surface 24 is coplanar with the side wall of the cylinder structure 1; alternatively, after the positioning of the barrel structure 1 and the plate structure 2 is completed, the edge of the fourth inclined surface 24 extends outward relative to the side wall of the barrel structure 1.
Above-mentioned two kinds of setting up the mode and all can make the comparatively easy going on of welding operation, guarantee sufficient welding space, effectively promote welded stability, and the welding area of crescent is close to the heated structure gradually, and the deformation influence that causes it all can be solved through the mode that the material got rid of.
A low-deformation vertical welding process for welding the low-deformation vertical welding structure, as shown in fig. 11, comprises the following steps:
s1: positioning the cylinder structure 1 and the plate body structure 2 to form a first welding area 3 and a second welding area 4;
s2: heating the third inclined surface 23 of the heated structure by open fire;
s3: welding the first welding area 3 and the second welding area 4 which reach the set temperature range through heat transfer after being heated;
s4: carrying out heat treatment after welding;
s5: and removing the material of the heated structure after the heat treatment is finished.
In the process of open flame heating, the flame size needs to be ensured as much as possible, the open flame contact range is reduced as much as possible, and the first welding area 3 and the second welding area 4 are ensured to be heated in a heat transfer mode; in the positioning process, a specific tool needs to be adopted, the design of the tool is not taken as the protection content of the invention, but in order to ensure the heating effect, a rotatable tool structure can be designed, so that the uniform heating effect can be realized in the process of driving the workpiece to rotate by the tool through the fixed-point naked flame heating, the welding quality difference caused by the change of the flame action area is avoided, the rotation is easy to realize, the production cost cannot be influenced, and the method is mainly used for ensuring the stability of the flame relative to the distance between welding areas.
After the welding is completed, the heated structure and the final product structure to be reserved are subjected to heat treatment together, after the process, the structure and the size are stable, and then the stability of the product can be effectively guaranteed by removing the heated structure material.
The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of selecting the quantity of removed thermal structure materials according to actual requirements, obtaining a flat inner surface of a cylinder body or obtaining a slightly protruding outer surface of the cylinder body according to different application occasions of a flange structure and a cover body structure, and obtaining the selected size through machining.
In the welding process, the second welding area 4 is firstly welded, and then the first welding area 3 is welded, because the first welding area 3 is far away from the heated structure in the heating process, so the temperature rise is slower, and when the second welding area 4 reaches the set temperature, the temperature of the first welding area 3 may be slightly lower, so the heating of the second welding area 4 is firstly carried out in the invention, and the heat of welding in the process can be secondarily transferred to the first welding area 3, so the temperature stability of the final first welding area 3 is ensured.
Since the tubular structure 1 and the plate structure 2 both participate in the welding at the second welding zone 4 via the relatively weak point-shaped portion, the cross-sectional dimension of the weld of the first welding zone 3 is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the weld of the second welding zone 4 in order to avoid excessive deformation there, thereby minimizing the range of thermal influence on the second welding zone 4.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A low-deformation vertical welding structure, comprising:
the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the cylinder structure are gathered together through the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface respectively to form an annular convex structure at the end part;
the plate body structure is vertically connected with the end part of the cylinder body structure to form a flange type or cover body type structure, a first plane and a second plane which are parallel are gathered together through a third inclined plane and a fourth inclined plane respectively, the end parts of the third inclined plane and the fourth inclined plane are connected through the third plane, the third plane is parallel to the first plane and the second plane, and a heating structure which is convex relative to the fourth inclined plane is formed after the third inclined plane and the third plane are connected;
one side edge of the second plane is connected with the edge of the outer side wall or the edge of the inner side wall of the cylinder structure to form a right-angle structure, and the right-angle structure is a first welding area;
when the second plane is connected with the outer side wall, the fourth inclined surface is attached to the second inclined surface and extends outwards relative to the second inclined surface, and a groove body structure is formed together with the first inclined surface, wherein the groove body structure is a second welding area;
when the second plane is connected with the inner side wall, the fourth inclined surface is attached to the first inclined surface and extends outwards relative to the first inclined surface, and a groove body structure is formed together with the second inclined surface and is a second welding area;
the heating structure is arranged on one side of the second welding area and used for heating and transferring heat to the first welding area and the second welding area and removing the heat after welding is completed.
2. A low deformation vertical welded structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the angle between the faces on both sides of the inclined face of the cylindrical structure end portion constituting said second welded region is greater than 45 °.
3. A low-deformation vertical welded structure according to claim 1, wherein said third inclined surface is provided with an annular recessed region.
4. A low deformation vertical welded structure according to claim 3, wherein the recessed area is a curved surface structure.
5. A low deformation vertical welded structure according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the third inclined surface and the third plane is less than 45 °.
6. A low deformation vertical welded structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fourth beveled edge is coplanar with said side wall of said tubular structure after said tubular structure and said plate structure are positioned.
7. A low deformation vertical welded structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fourth beveled edge extends outwardly relative to said side wall of said tubular structure after said tubular structure and said plate structure are positioned.
8. A low-deformation vertical welding process for welding the low-deformation vertical welded structure of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
positioning the cylinder structure and the plate structure to form a first welding area and a second welding area;
heating the third inclined surface of the heated structure by open fire;
welding the first welding area and the second welding area which reach the set temperature range through heat transfer after heating;
carrying out heat treatment after welding;
and removing materials of the heated structure after the heat treatment is finished.
9. A low deformation vertical welding process as claimed in claim 8, wherein during welding, the second weld zone is welded first, followed by the first weld zone.
10. A low deformation vertical welding process as set forth in claim 8 wherein said first weld zone weld has a cross-sectional dimension greater than a cross-sectional dimension of said second weld zone weld.
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| CN202110401206.5A CN113102911B (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Low-deformation vertical welding structure and process |
| PCT/CN2021/108343 WO2022217777A1 (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-26 | Low deformation vertical welding structure and process |
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| CN202110401206.5A CN113102911B (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Low-deformation vertical welding structure and process |
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| CN103203558A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-07-17 | 长沙理工大学 | Novel method for decreasing welding deformation of oil inlet-outlet port of hydraulic cylinder |
| CN106838338A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of low temperature regulating valve and its welding procedure |
| CN112318052A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-05 | 十堰合威锻压工程技术股份有限公司 | F type welded connection plate structure |
| CN112536543A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-23 | 武汉重型机床集团有限公司 | Welding structure for releasing stress concentration |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2022217777A1 (en) | 2022-10-20 |
| CN113102911A (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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