CN113102669B - 20Cr13 upsetting heating device and upsetting heating process - Google Patents
20Cr13 upsetting heating device and upsetting heating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113102669B CN113102669B CN202110333232.9A CN202110333232A CN113102669B CN 113102669 B CN113102669 B CN 113102669B CN 202110333232 A CN202110333232 A CN 202110333232A CN 113102669 B CN113102669 B CN 113102669B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/02—Special design or construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/70—Furnaces for ingots, i.e. soaking pits
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 20Cr13 upsetting heating device and an upsetting heating process, wherein the upsetting heating process comprises the following steps: preheating, namely placing the round ingot of 20Cr13 into a heat treatment furnace for heating until the whole temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is raised to 1200 ℃; maintaining the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 at 1200 ℃ for 7 hours by using a heat treatment furnace; raising the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 to 1210-1220 ℃ by using a heat treatment furnace, and positioning the temperature for 2 hours; opening a furnace door unit at the side of the heat treatment furnace, clamping a round ingot of 20Cr13 onto a heat transfer unit, and conveying the round ingot to an upsetting seat through the heat transfer unit; upsetting the round ingot of 20Cr13 by using an upsetting limiting ring; and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the round ingot of 20Cr13 by using a heat preservation unit in the upsetting treatment process, and maintaining the upsetting temperature of 1200 ℃. In the upsetting procedure, the compaction center of the 20Cr13 stainless steel can be increased, the compaction effect is increased, the quality stability of the 20Cr13 after upsetting forging is ensured, and the qualified use standard can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 20Cr13 upsetting, in particular to a 20Cr13 upsetting heating device and an upsetting heating process.
Background
Because 20Cr13 stainless steel has strong heat sensibility and has the requirement on heating temperature, the general forging temperature is 1180-1200 ℃, compared with the general alloy steel forging temperature 1250-1270 ℃, the forging temperature of 20Cr13 stainless steel is relatively lower, in the existing upsetting heating treatment process, the center of 20Cr13 is not easy to compact after upsetting, the quality of 20Cr13 after upsetting forging is reduced, the qualified use standard cannot be met, the distance between the existing upsetting equipment and a heat treatment furnace is far, potential safety hazards exist in manual conveying of heated steel ingots, the upsetting equipment has low adjustment degree, and the rapid adjustment cannot be carried out according to the condition of the steel ingots.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the existing defects, provides a 20Cr13 upsetting heating device and an upsetting heating process, can compact a 20Cr13 stainless steel center in an upsetting procedure, increase a compacting effect, ensure that the quality of the 20Cr13 after upsetting forging is stable, can reach a qualified use standard, can avoid potential safety hazards caused by manual steel ingot conveying, can quickly adjust according to the condition of the steel ingot, improves the application range of upsetting equipment, and can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: 20Cr13 upsetting heating device, comprising:
a furnace door unit is arranged at the side opening of the heat treatment furnace;
a heat transfer unit installed at one side of the heat treatment furnace and provided corresponding to an opening of a side surface of the heat treatment furnace;
the upsetting seat is arranged at one end of the heat transfer unit, which is far away from the heat treatment furnace, and the heat preservation unit is arranged in the upsetting seat;
the upsetting limiting installation unit is installed on the upsetting seat, the upsetting limiting installation unit is connected with the height adjusting unit through the upsetting power unit, and the upsetting limiting installation unit also installs the upsetting blocks through the dismounting unit;
and the upsetting limiting ring fixing unit is arranged on the upsetting seat, and the upsetting limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the upsetting seat through the upsetting limiting ring fixing unit.
The heat treatment furnace is used for heating the round ingot of 20Cr13, the furnace door unit is used for closing the opening of the heat treatment furnace, the round ingot of 20Cr13 is conveniently opened and taken out, the heat transfer unit can replace manual conveying round ingot, potential safety hazards are reduced, the heat preservation unit can preserve heat of the round ingot of 20Cr13 on the upsetting seat, upsetting effect is prevented from being influenced by temperature reduction of the round ingot of 20Cr13 in the upsetting process, upsetting power unit provides upsetting power, upsetting limit installation unit can limit up-and-down movement of the upsetting round ingot, height adjustment unit can be used for adjusting according to the height of the round ingot, upsetting height of the upsetting round ingot in the beginning stage can be gradually adjusted through the height adjustment unit, disassembly unit can conveniently disassemble or install the upsetting round ingot, upsetting limit ring fixing unit is used for fixing the upsetting limit ring, and upsetting diameter of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is limited through the upsetting limit ring.
Further, the heat transfer unit includes conveying frame, conveying motor, transfer roller, conveying axle, sprocket and chain, the conveying frame internal rotation is connected with a plurality of transfer roller, the one end of conveying axle is connected to the one end of transfer roller, the other end of conveying axle passes the side of conveying frame and connect the sprocket, the sprocket passes through chain drive and connects, the output shaft of conveying motor is connected to one of them transfer roller's one end, the outside at the conveying frame is fixed to the conveying motor.
The conveying motor works to drive one conveying roller, the conveying roller can drive the corresponding chain wheel to rotate through the conveying shaft, and the chain wheel can enable all conveying rollers to rotate towards one direction through chain linkage, so that round ingots of 20Cr13 are conveyed, manual transportation is reduced, and potential safety hazards are avoided.
Further, the heat preservation unit includes upset saucer, heating cylinder, fender ring, heat preservation section of thick bamboo, vortex heating wire and supporting pad, round groove has been seted up on the upset seat, is equipped with the heating cylinder through the supporting pad in the bottom of round groove, the side spiral winding of heating cylinder has the vortex heating wire, and the inner wall of round groove has cup jointed the heat preservation section of thick bamboo, and the top inboard of round groove is equipped with keeps off the ring, be equipped with upset saucer on the fender ring, the top surface of upset saucer and the surface parallel and level of upset seat, the top of heating cylinder is connected with the bottom of upset saucer.
The eddy current can be generated on the heating cylinder made of metal through the eddy current heating wire, heat is transferred to the upsetting pallet through the top of the heating cylinder, then the round ingot of 20Cr13 placed on the upsetting pallet is heated and insulated, the heat insulation of the round ingot of 20Cr13 in the upsetting process is prevented from being kept near 1200 ℃, the smooth upsetting is ensured, and the upsetting quality is improved.
Further, the spacing installation unit of upsetting includes fixed block, stand, interior installation piece, traveller, sliding ring, side connecting rod and vertical movable cell body, the both sides of upsetting seat are equipped with the fixed block respectively, are equipped with the stand on two fixed blocks respectively, and the bottom inboard of two stands is equipped with interior installation piece respectively, is equipped with the traveller on two interior installation pieces respectively, the both sides of vertical movable cell body are connected with the side connecting rod respectively, and the one end that vertical movable cell body was kept away from to two side connecting rods is connected with the sliding ring respectively, sliding ring and the upper and lower sliding connection of traveller that corresponds.
The sliding column and the sliding ring can slide up and down to ensure that the vertical movable groove body can only vertically move up and down, and ensure that the upsetting round block can only move up and down to realize the upsetting process.
Further, upsetting power unit includes axle installation pole, pivot, inertia dish, fixing base, power motor, dwang, jackshaft, half axle bush, fixing bolt, connecting seat, power pole and rib pole, there is the axle installation pole at one side that the heat treatment furnace was kept away from at the top of two stands respectively, the bottom of axle installation pole is through the side reinforcing connection of rib pole and stand, the tip of two axle installation poles is rotated respectively and is connected with the pivot, the opposite one end of two pivots is connected with the dwang of perpendicular to pivot axis respectively, the tip of two dwang passes through the jackshaft and connects, two opposite semi-axis shoes have been cup jointed to the side of jackshaft, two semi-axis shoes pass through fixing bolt fixed connection, the semi-axis tile connecting seat of downside, the one end of connecting seat fixed connection power pole, the output shaft of one of them pivot end connection power motor, the power motor passes through the fixing base to be fixed at the top side of corresponding stand, and cup jointed the inertia dish respectively in two pivots.
The power motor works to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that a crankshaft formed by the rotary rod and the intermediate shaft rotates, the power rod can be driven to move up and down through the half bearing bush, the vertical movable groove body can be driven to move up and down through the power rod, the upsetting operation is driven to be carried out up and down by the upsetting block, and the inertia disc can improve the rotation inertia of the rotating shaft, so that the upsetting force is improved.
Further, the height adjusting unit comprises an adjusting screw, a movable seat, an adjusting block and end plates, wherein the end plates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the vertical movable groove body, the adjusting screw is rotationally connected between the two end plates, the adjusting block which is connected with the inner side in a sliding mode is arranged in the middle of the vertical movable groove body, a screw hole on the adjusting block is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw, the side face of the adjusting block is fixedly connected with the movable seat, and the movable seat is movably connected with the other end of the power rod.
The adjusting screw can be twisted to drive the adjusting block to move along the inside of the vertical movable groove body, so that the initial distance between the vertical movable groove body and the rotating shaft is changed, and the adjusting block can be adjusted according to the height of the round ingot of 20Cr 13.
Further, dismantle the unit and include connection pad, backing plate, joint piece, dismantle screw rod and nut, connection pad fixed connection is in the bottom of vertical movable cell body, the bottom center of connection pad is provided with the joint piece, the top of upset button is equipped with the blind groove with joint piece complex, the nut is installed to upset button's side through-hole tip, nut and dismantlement screw rod cooperation threaded connection, and dismantle the one end that the screw rod is located the side through-hole of thick button and the circular groove cooperation joint of joint piece side, the liner has the backing plate between connection pad and the upset button.
The screw is dismantled in the twist can make the screw thread of dismantling screw rod and nut break away from to make the screw rod of dismantling pull out the circular slot of joint piece side, can take out the joint piece from blind groove, thereby can change the upsetting log.
Further, upsetting limiting ring fixed unit includes movable block, bearing, rectangular channel and stopper, four rectangular channels have been seted up around upsetting limiting ring annular array to upsetting seat's surface, installs the bearing respectively at rectangular channel both ends, and two bearings rotation in every rectangular channel are connected with a spacing screw, and sliding connection has the movable block in the rectangular channel, the side screw and the spacing screw cooperation threaded connection of movable block, the stopper is connected through the connecting block at the top of movable block, the stopper is close to one side indent setting of upsetting limiting ring.
The movable block can be driven to move in the rectangular groove through the action of the threads by twisting the limiting screw, so that the position of the limiting block is changed, and the upsetting limiting ring can be fixed through annular array distribution of the limiting block.
An upsetting heating process of a 20Cr13 upsetting heating device comprises the following steps:
step one: preheating, namely placing the round ingot of 20Cr13 into a heat treatment furnace for heating until the whole temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is raised to 1200 ℃;
step two: maintaining the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 at 1200 ℃ for 7 hours by using a heat treatment furnace;
step three: raising the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 to 1210-1220 ℃ by using a heat treatment furnace, and positioning the temperature for 2 hours;
step four: opening a furnace door unit at the side of the heat treatment furnace, clamping a round ingot of 20Cr13 onto a heat transfer unit, and conveying the round ingot to an upsetting seat through the heat transfer unit;
step five: upsetting the round ingot of 20Cr13 by using an upsetting limiting ring;
step six: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the round ingot of 20Cr13 by using a heat preservation unit in the upsetting treatment process, and maintaining the upsetting temperature of 1200 ℃.
Further, in the second step, the temperature variation range of the heat preservation of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is controlled to be plus or minus five ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the 20Cr13 upsetting heating device and the upsetting heating process have the following advantages:
1. the heat treatment furnace heats the round ingot of 20Cr13, the furnace door unit is used for closing the opening of the heat treatment furnace, the round ingot of 20Cr13 is conveniently opened and taken out, and the heat transfer unit can replace manual conveying of the round ingot, so that potential safety hazards are reduced.
2. The heat preservation unit can preserve heat of the round ingot of 20Cr13 on the upsetting seat, the upsetting effect is prevented from being influenced by the temperature drop of the round ingot of 20Cr13 in the upsetting process, the upsetting power unit provides upsetting power, the upsetting limit installation unit can limit the upsetting round block to move up and down, the height adjustment unit can adjust according to the height of the round ingot, and the upsetting round block is prevented from falling too high in the beginning stage.
3. The upsetting height of the upsetting round blocks can be adjusted step by step through the height adjusting unit, the upsetting round blocks can be conveniently disassembled or assembled through the disassembling unit, the upsetting limiting ring is fixed through the upsetting limiting ring fixing unit, and the upsetting diameter of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is limited through the upsetting limiting ring
4. In the upsetting procedure, the compaction center of the 20Cr13 stainless steel can be used for increasing the compaction effect, ensuring the stability of the quality of the 20Cr13 after upsetting forging, meeting the qualified use standard, avoiding the potential safety hazard caused by manually conveying steel ingots, quickly adjusting according to the condition of the steel ingots and improving the application range of upsetting equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 at a partially enlarged scale;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partially enlarged structure of the present invention at B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a disassembling unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a height adjusting unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the heat preservation unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of an upsetting confinement ring fixing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the process steps of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 heat treatment furnace, 2 upsetting seat, 3 furnace door unit, 31 side rod, 32 motor seat, 33 switch motor, 34 screw hole block, 35 bidirectional screw, 36 heat insulation board, 37 switch door, 38 sliding hole block, 39 slide rod, 4 heat transmission unit, 41 transmission frame, 42 transmission motor, 43 transmission roller, 44 transmission shaft, 45 sprocket, 46 chain, 5 upsetting limit mounting unit, 51 fixed block, 52 column, 53 inner mounting block, 54 slide column, 55 slip ring, 56 side connecting rod, 57 vertical movable slot, 6 upsetting power unit, 61 shaft mounting rod, 62 rotating shaft, 63 inertia disc, 64 fixed seat, 65 power motor, 66 rotating rod, 67 intermediate shaft, 68 half bearing bush, 69 fixed bolt, 610 connecting seat, 611 power rod, 612 rib rod, 7 dismounting unit, connecting disc 71, 72 base plate, 73 clamping block, 74 dismounting screw rod, 75 nut, 8 height adjusting unit, 81 adjusting screw rod, 82 movable seat, 83 adjusting block, 84 end plate, 9 heat insulation unit, 91 upsetting pad disc, 92 heating cylinder, 93 baffle ring, 94 cylinder, 95 wire heat insulation pad, 96, 10 vortex supporting ring, 10 upsetting limit bearing block, 102, 11 upsetting limit rectangular bearing block, 11 and 12.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: 20Cr13 upsetting heating device, comprising:
a heat treatment furnace 1, a side opening of which is provided with a furnace door unit 3;
a heat transfer unit 4 installed on one side of the heat treatment furnace 1 and provided corresponding to an opening in a side surface of the heat treatment furnace 1;
an upsetting seat 2 installed at an end of the heat transfer unit 4 remote from the heat treatment furnace 1, and an insulation unit 9 installed inside the upsetting seat 2;
the upsetting limit mounting unit 5 is mounted on the upsetting seat 2, the upsetting limit mounting unit 5 is connected with the height adjusting unit 8 through the upsetting power unit 6, and the upsetting limit mounting unit 5 also mounts the upsetting round block 11 through the dismounting unit 7;
an upsetting confinement ring fixing unit 10 mounted on the upsetting seat 2, and an upsetting confinement ring 12 is fixedly mounted on the upsetting seat 2 by the upsetting confinement ring fixing unit 10.
The heat treatment furnace 1 heats the round ingot of 20Cr13, furnace gate unit 3 is used for closing the opening of heat treatment furnace 1, and conveniently open and take out the round ingot of 20Cr13, heat transfer unit 4 can replace the manual work and carry the round ingot, reduce the potential safety hazard, heat preservation unit 9 can be in keeping warm the round ingot of 20Cr13 on the upsetting seat 2, avoid the round ingot temperature decline of 20Cr13 to influence the upsetting effect in the upsetting process, upsetting power unit 6 provides the power of upsetting, upsetting spacing installation unit 5 can restrict the round ingot 11 and reciprocate, height adjustment unit 8 can adjust according to the height of round ingot, avoid the upset round ingot 11 to descend too high in the beginning stage, can progressively adjust the upset height of upset round ingot 11 through height adjustment unit 8, dismantle unit 7 can conveniently dismantle or install upset round ingot 11, upset limit ring fixing unit 10 is fixed upsetting limit the diameter of the round ingot of 20Cr13 through upset limit ring 12.
The heat transfer unit 4 includes a transfer frame 41, a transfer motor 42, transfer rollers 43, a transfer shaft 44, a sprocket 45 and a chain 46, wherein a plurality of transfer rollers 43 are rotatably connected to the transfer frame 41, one end of each transfer roller 43 is connected to one end of each transfer shaft 44, the other end of each transfer shaft 44 passes through the side surface of the transfer frame 41 and is connected to the sprocket 45, the sprocket 45 is in transmission connection with the chain 46, one end of one transfer roller 43 is connected to the output shaft of the transfer motor 42, and the transfer motor 42 is fixed to the outer side of the transfer frame 41.
The conveying motor 42 works to drive one conveying roller 43, the conveying roller 43 can drive the corresponding chain wheel 45 to rotate through the conveying shaft 44, and the chain wheel 45 can enable all the conveying rollers 43 to rotate towards one direction through chain 46 linkage, so that round ingots of 20Cr13 are conveyed, manual transportation is reduced, and potential safety hazards are avoided.
The heat preservation unit 9 includes upsetting tray 91, heating cylinder 92, baffle ring 93, heat preservation barrel 94, vortex heating wire 95 and supporting pad 96, round groove has been seted up on the upsetting seat 2, be equipped with heating cylinder 92 through supporting pad 96 in the bottom of round groove, the side spiral winding of heating cylinder 92 has vortex heating wire 95, and the inner wall of round groove has cup jointed heat preservation barrel 94, the top inboard of round groove is equipped with baffle ring 93, be equipped with upsetting tray 91 on the baffle ring 93, the top surface of upsetting tray 91 is connected with the surface parallel and level of upsetting seat 2, the top of heating cylinder 92 is connected with the bottom of upsetting tray 91, upsetting tray 91 adopts the copper, heating cylinder 92 can adopt the iron material.
The eddy current can be generated on the heating cylinder 92 made of metal through the eddy current heating wire 95 to heat, heat is transferred to the upsetting pallet 91 through the top of the heating cylinder 92, then the round ingot of 20Cr13 placed on the upsetting pallet 91 is heated and kept warm, the heat of the round ingot of 20Cr13 in the upsetting process is prevented from being kept at 1200 ℃, the smooth upsetting is ensured, and the upsetting quality is improved.
The upsetting limiting mounting unit 5 comprises fixed blocks 51, upright posts 52, inner mounting blocks 53, sliding columns 54, sliding rings 55, side connecting rods 56 and vertical movable groove bodies 57, wherein the fixed blocks 51 are respectively arranged on two sides of the upsetting seat 2, the upright posts 52 are respectively arranged on the two fixed blocks 51, the inner side of the bottoms of the two upright posts 52 is respectively provided with the inner mounting blocks 53, the sliding columns 54 are respectively arranged on the two inner mounting blocks 53, the side connecting rods 56 are respectively connected to two sides of the vertical movable groove bodies 57, one ends, far away from the vertical movable groove bodies 57, of the two side connecting rods 56 are respectively connected with the sliding rings 55, and the sliding rings 55 are in up-down sliding connection with the corresponding sliding columns 54.
The up-and-down sliding of the slide post 54 and the slide ring 55 can ensure that the vertically movable groove body 57 can only vertically move up and down, and ensure that the upsetting process can only be realized by the up-and-down movement of the upsetting round 11.
The upsetting power unit 6 comprises shaft mounting rods 61, rotating shafts 62, inertia discs 63, fixing seats 64, power motors 65, rotating rods 66, intermediate shafts 67, half-axle shoes 68, fixing bolts 69, connecting seats 610, power rods 611 and rib rods 612, wherein the shaft mounting rods 61 are respectively arranged on one sides of the tops of the two upright posts 52 far away from the heat treatment furnace 1, the bottoms of the shaft mounting rods 61 are in reinforced connection with the side faces of the upright posts 52 through the rib rods 612, the rotating shafts 62 are respectively connected to the end parts of the two shaft mounting rods 61 in a rotating manner, the rotating rods 66 perpendicular to the axes of the rotating shafts 62 are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the two rotating shafts 62, the end parts of the two rotating rods 66 are connected through the intermediate shafts 67, the two opposite half-axle shoes 68 are sleeved on the side faces of the intermediate shafts 67, the two half-axle shoes 68 are fixedly connected through the fixing bolts 69, the lower half-axle shoes 68 are connected with the connecting seats 610, one end part of one rotating shaft 62 is connected with the output shaft of the power motor 65, the power motor 65 is fixedly arranged on the top side face of the corresponding upright post 52 through the fixing seat 64, and the inertia discs 63 are respectively sleeved on the two rotating shafts 62.
The power motor 65 works to drive the rotating shaft 62 to rotate, so that a crankshaft formed by the rotating rod 66 and the intermediate shaft 67 can rotate, the power rod 611 can be driven to move up and down through the half-axle shoe 68, the vertical movable groove body 57 can be driven to move up and down through the power rod 611, the upsetting operation of the upsetting round block 11 is driven to be up and down, and the inertia disc 63 can improve the rotation inertia of the rotating shaft 62, so that the upsetting force is improved.
The height adjusting unit 8 comprises an adjusting screw 81, a movable seat 82, an adjusting block 83 and end plates 84, wherein the end plates 84 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the vertical movable groove body 57, the adjusting screw 81 is rotatably connected between the two end plates 84, the adjusting block 83 which is connected with the inner side in a sliding manner up and down is arranged in the middle of the vertical movable groove body 57, a screw hole on the adjusting block 83 is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw 81, the side surface of the adjusting block 83 is fixedly connected with the movable seat 82, and the movable seat 82 is movably connected with the other end of the power rod 611.
The adjusting screw 81 is twisted to drive the adjusting block 83 to move along the inside of the vertical movable groove 57, so that the initial distance between the vertical movable groove 57 and the rotating shaft 62 is changed, and the adjusting block can be adjusted according to the height of the round ingot of 20Cr 13.
The disassembling unit 7 comprises a connecting disc 71, a base plate 72, a clamping block 73, a disassembling screw 74 and a nut 75, wherein the connecting disc 71 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical movable groove body 57, the clamping block 73 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the connecting disc 71, a blind groove matched with the clamping block 73 is formed in the top of the upsetting round block 11, the nut 75 is installed at the end of a side through hole of the upsetting round block 11, the nut 75 is in threaded connection with the disassembling screw 74 in a matched mode, one end of the disassembling screw 74, which is located in the side through hole of the upsetting round block 11, is clamped with the round groove on the side of the clamping block 73 in a matched mode, and the base plate 72 is arranged between the connecting disc 71 and the upsetting round block 11 in a lining mode.
Twisting the removal screw 74 disengages the threads of the removal screw 74 and the nut 75, thereby allowing the removal screw 74 to pull out the round slot on the side of the clamping block 73, allowing the clamping block 73 to be removed from the blind slot, and allowing the upset 11 to be replaced.
The upsetting limiting ring fixing unit 10 comprises a movable block 101, bearings 102, rectangular grooves 103 and limiting blocks 104, wherein four rectangular grooves 103 are formed in the surface of an upsetting seat 2 around an annular array of upsetting limiting rings 12, the bearings 102 are respectively arranged at two ends of each rectangular groove 103, two bearings 102 in each rectangular groove 103 are rotatably connected with a limiting screw rod, the movable block 101 is slidably connected in each rectangular groove 103, side screw holes of the movable block 101 are in threaded connection with the limiting screw rods in a matched mode, the top of the movable block 101 is connected with the limiting blocks 104 through connecting blocks, and the limiting blocks 104 are arranged near one side of the upsetting limiting ring 12 in a concave mode.
The movable block 101 can be driven to move in the rectangular groove 103 through the action of the screw thread by twisting the limit screw, so that the position of the limit block 104 is changed, and the upsetting limit ring 12 can be fixed through the annular array distribution of the limit block 104.
An upsetting heating process of a 20Cr13 upsetting heating device comprises the following steps:
step one: preheating, namely placing the round ingot of 20Cr13 into a heat treatment furnace 1 for heating until the whole temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is raised to 1200 ℃;
step two: maintaining the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 at 1200 ℃ for 7 hours by using a heat treatment furnace 1;
step three: raising the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 to 1210-1220 ℃ by using a heat treatment furnace 1, and positioning the temperature for 2 hours;
step four: opening a furnace door unit 3 at the side of the heat treatment furnace 1, clamping a round ingot of 20Cr13 onto a heat transfer unit 4, and conveying the round ingot to an upsetting seat 2 through the heat transfer unit 4;
step five: upsetting the round ingot of 20Cr13 by using an upsetting limiting ring 12;
step six: in the upsetting process, the heat preservation unit 9 is used for carrying out heat preservation treatment on the round ingot of 20Cr13, and the upsetting temperature of 1200 ℃ is maintained.
In the second step, the temperature change range of the heat preservation of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is controlled to be plus or minus five ℃.
Because 20Cr13 stainless steel has strong heat sensibility and heating temperature has requirements, in order to compact the center in the upsetting procedure, the heating process during upsetting is improved, the heat preservation time is 7 hours at 1200 ℃, and the temperature is increased to 1210-1220 ℃ in the last 2 hours, so that the upsetting compaction effect is improved.
In a second embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: the 20Cr13 upsetting heating apparatus is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that: the furnace door unit 3 comprises side rods 31, motor bases 32, switch motors 33, screw hole blocks 34, bidirectional screw rods 35, heat insulation plates 36, switch doors 37, sliding hole blocks 38 and sliding rods 39, wherein the side rods 31 are respectively arranged on two sides of a side opening of the heat treatment furnace 1, the bidirectional screw rods 35 are rotatably connected between the tops of the two side rods 31, the screw directions of the two ends of the bidirectional screw rods 35 are opposite, sliding rods 39 are fixedly connected between the bottoms of the two side rods 31, the two switch doors 37 are provided with two screw hole blocks 34, the tops of the two switch doors 37 are respectively provided with screw hole blocks 34, the two screw hole blocks 34 are in threaded connection with the two ends of the bidirectional screw rods 35, the bottoms of the two switch doors 37 are respectively provided with sliding hole blocks 38, the two sliding hole blocks 38 are in sliding connection with the sliding rods 39, one side of the switch door 37 close to the heat treatment furnace 1 is provided with the heat insulation plates 36 corresponding to the opening, the switch motors 33 are fixedly connected to the output shafts of the switch motors 33 on the side surfaces of the heat treatment furnace 1, the bidirectional screw rods 35 can be driven to rotate through the motor bases 32, the bidirectional screw rods 35 can be driven to rotate through the work of the switch motors 33, the screw rods 35 can drive the two switch doors 37 to pass through the screw hole blocks 38 to move along the sliding hole blocks 39 to the side surfaces 39 or back to back, the heat insulation plates 37 can be opened, and the heat insulation plates 37 can be prevented from being influenced by the heat insulation plates 37.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the transmission motor 42, the eddy current heating wire 95, the power motor 65 and the switch motor 33 are connected with an external power source through a control switch group, the eddy current heating wire 95 is a wire in the eddy current heater, and needs to bear larger current, the transmission motor 42 and the switch motor 33 are servo motors, the power motor 65 can be a high-power three-phase asynchronous motor, the specific model of the above motor can be freely selected according to practical implementation, and the control switch group controls the operation of the transmission motor 42, the eddy current heating wire 95, the power motor 65 and the switch motor 33 by methods commonly used in the prior art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1.20cr13 upsetting heating device, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
a heat treatment furnace (1) with a side opening provided with a furnace door unit (3);
a heat transfer unit (4) which is mounted on one side of the heat treatment furnace (1) and is provided so as to correspond to an opening in the side surface of the heat treatment furnace (1);
an upsetting seat (2) which is arranged at one end of the heat transfer unit (4) far away from the heat treatment furnace (1), and a heat preservation unit (9) is arranged in the upsetting seat (2);
the upsetting limiting mounting unit (5) is mounted on the upsetting seat (2), the upsetting limiting mounting unit (5) is connected with the height adjusting unit (8) through the upsetting power unit (6), and the upsetting limiting mounting unit (5) also mounts the upsetting round block (11) through the dismounting unit (7);
an upsetting confinement ring fixing unit (10) mounted on the upsetting seat (2), and an upsetting confinement ring (12) is fixedly mounted on the upsetting seat (2) through the upsetting confinement ring fixing unit (10);
the upsetting limiting mounting unit (5) comprises fixed blocks (51), upright posts (52), inner mounting blocks (53), sliding columns (54), sliding rings (55), side connecting rods (56) and vertical movable groove bodies (57), wherein the fixed blocks (51) are respectively arranged on two sides of the upsetting base (2), the upright posts (52) are respectively arranged on the two fixed blocks (51), the inner mounting blocks (53) are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the bottoms of the two upright posts (52), the sliding columns (54) are respectively arranged on the two inner mounting blocks (53), the side connecting rods (56) are respectively connected on two sides of the vertical movable groove bodies (57), the sliding rings (55) are respectively connected on one ends, far away from the vertical movable groove bodies (57), of the two side connecting rods (56), and the sliding rings (55) are in up-down sliding connection with the corresponding sliding columns (54);
the upsetting power unit (6) comprises a shaft mounting rod (61), a rotating shaft (62), an inertia disc (63), a fixed seat (64), a power motor (65), rotating rods (66), an intermediate shaft (67), half-axle shoes (68), fixing bolts (69), a connecting seat (610), a power rod (611) and a rib rod (612), wherein the shaft mounting rod (61) is respectively arranged on one side, far away from the heat treatment furnace (1), of the tops of the two upright posts (52), the bottom of the shaft mounting rod (61) is in reinforced connection with the side surface of the upright posts (52) through the rib rod (612), the rotating shafts (62) are respectively connected to the end parts of the two shaft mounting rods (61), opposite ends of the two rotating shafts (62) are respectively connected with the rotating rod (66) perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (62), the end parts of the two rotating rods (66) are connected through the intermediate shaft (67), the side surfaces of the intermediate shaft (67) are sleeved with the two opposite half-axle shoes (68), the two half-axle shoes (68) are fixedly connected through the fixing bolts (69), the lower half-axle shoes (68) are connected with the connecting seat (610), one end part of the rotating shaft (62) is fixedly connected with the output shaft (65) of the motor (65), the power motor (65) is fixed on the top side surface of the corresponding upright post (52) through a fixed seat (64), and the two rotating shafts (62) are respectively sleeved with an inertia disc (63);
the height adjusting unit (8) comprises an adjusting screw (81), a movable seat (82), adjusting blocks (83) and end plates (84), wherein the end plates (84) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the vertical movable groove body (57), the adjusting screw (81) is rotationally connected between the two end plates (84), the adjusting blocks (83) which are connected with the inner side in a sliding mode are arranged in the middle of the vertical movable groove body (57), screw holes on the adjusting blocks (83) are in threaded connection with the adjusting screw (81), the side faces of the adjusting blocks (83) are fixedly connected with the movable seat (82), and the movable seat (82) is movably connected with the other end of the power rod (611).
2. The 20Cr13 upsetting heating device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the heat transfer unit (4) comprises a transfer frame (41), a transfer motor (42), transfer rollers (43), a transfer shaft (44), a sprocket (45) and a chain (46), wherein a plurality of transfer rollers (43) are rotationally connected to the transfer frame (41), one end of each transfer roller (43) is connected with one end of each transfer shaft (44), the other end of each transfer shaft (44) penetrates through the side face of the transfer frame (41) and is connected with the sprocket (45), the sprocket (45) is in transmission connection through the chain (46), one end of one transfer roller (43) is connected with an output shaft of the transfer motor (42), and the transfer motor (42) is fixed on the outer side of the transfer frame (41).
3. The 20Cr13 upsetting heating device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a heat preservation unit (9) including upset saucer (91), heating cylinder (92), baffle ring (93), heat preservation section of thick bamboo (94), vortex heating wire (95) and supporting pad (96), round groove has been seted up on upset seat (2), is equipped with heating cylinder (92) through supporting pad (96) in the bottom of round groove, the side spiral winding of heating cylinder (92) has vortex heating wire (95), and the inner wall of round groove has cup jointed heat preservation section of thick bamboo (94), and the top inboard of round groove is equipped with baffle ring (93), be equipped with upset saucer (91) on baffle ring (93), the top surface of upset saucer (91) and the surface parallel and level of upset seat (2), the top of heating cylinder (92) is connected with the bottom of upset saucer (91).
4. The 20Cr13 upsetting heating device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the disassembly unit (7) comprises a connecting disc (71), a base plate (72), a clamping block (73), a disassembly screw (74) and a nut (75), wherein the connecting disc (71) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a vertical movable groove body (57), the clamping block (73) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the connecting disc (71), blind grooves matched with the clamping block (73) are formed in the top of the upsetting round block (11), the nut (75) is installed at the end of a side through hole of the upsetting round block (11), the nut (75) is in threaded connection with the disassembly screw (74), one end of the disassembly screw (74) located in the side through hole of the upsetting round block (11) is in threaded connection with the round groove on the side of the clamping block (73), and the base plate (72) is arranged between the connecting disc (71) and the upsetting round block (11).
5. The 20Cr13 upsetting heating device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the upsetting limiting ring fixing unit (10) comprises a movable block (101), bearings (102), rectangular grooves (103) and limiting blocks (104), wherein the four rectangular grooves (103) are formed in the surface of the upsetting seat (2) around an annular array of the upsetting limiting ring (12), the bearings (102) are respectively arranged at two ends of each rectangular groove (103), two bearings (102) in each rectangular groove (103) are rotatably connected with a limiting screw rod, the movable block (101) is connected in the rectangular grooves (103) in a sliding mode, side screw holes of the movable block (101) are in threaded connection with the limiting screws in a matched mode, the top of the movable block (101) is connected with the limiting blocks (104) through connecting blocks, and the limiting blocks (104) are arranged near one side of the upsetting limiting ring (12) in a concave mode.
6. The upsetting heating process of the 20Cr13 upsetting heating device as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
step one: preheating, namely placing the round ingot of 20Cr13 into a heat treatment furnace (1) for heating until the whole temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is raised to 1200 ℃;
step two: maintaining the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 at 1200 ℃ for 7 hours by using a heat treatment furnace (1);
step three: raising the temperature of the round ingot of 20Cr13 to 1210-1220 ℃ by using a heat treatment furnace (1), and positioning the temperature for 2 hours;
step four: opening a furnace door unit (3) at the side of the heat treatment furnace (1), clamping a round ingot of 20Cr13 onto a heat transfer unit (4), and conveying the round ingot to an upsetting seat (2) through the heat transfer unit (4);
step five: upsetting the round ingot of 20Cr13 by using an upsetting limiting ring (12);
step six: in the upsetting process, a heat preservation unit (9) is used for carrying out heat preservation treatment on the round ingot of 20Cr13, and the upsetting temperature of 1200 ℃ is maintained.
7. The upsetting heating process of the 20Cr13 upsetting heating device as recited in claim 6, characterized in that: in the second step, the temperature change range of the heat preservation of the round ingot of 20Cr13 is controlled to be plus or minus five ℃.
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| CN202110333232.9A CN113102669B (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | 20Cr13 upsetting heating device and upsetting heating process |
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| CN202110333232.9A CN113102669B (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | 20Cr13 upsetting heating device and upsetting heating process |
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Address after: 311106 No.2 Road, industrial block, Tangqi Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Hangzhou Steam Turbine Casting and Forging Co.,Ltd. Address before: 311106 No.2 Road, industrial block, Tangqi Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: HANGZHOU STEAM TURBINE CASTING AND FORGING Co.,Ltd. |