JPH08229630A - Upsetting method of shaft member and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To form a head part to a shaft member by high frequency heating without generating buckling. CONSTITUTION: A shaft member 11 is held between a fixing side holding block 17 and moving side holding block 18. A part 11a to be formed of shaft member 11 is loose-fitted inside a high frequency coil 23, high frequency electric current is supplied from a high frequency oscillator 22 to the high frequency coil 23, by heat generation due to induction electric current of high frequency electric current, a temp. of the part to be formed 11a of shaft member 11 is rised. A part 11a to be formed of shaft member 11 is pressurized by a hydraulic cylinder through a punching member 52, the temp. rised part is deformed in the radial outward direction. By rotary-driving a ball screw 26 by an electric motor 28 and moving the high frequency coil 23 by a nut member 27, the part 11a to be formed of shaft member 11 is continuously deformed in the radial outward direction, thus, the head part is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shaft member upsetting method and apparatus for manufacturing a bolt, a shaft or the like by molding a part of a shaft member into a desired shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to manufacture bolts and shafts from a shaft member by upset molding, the shaft member is cut by a lathe, and the material for manufacturing the bolts and shafts is laterally placed between two molds. A method called upset forging is adopted in which the material is sandwiched and fixed, and a load is applied to the material in the axial direction to perform molding.

Conventionally, in the manufacture of bolts by upset forging,
The head 1 (see FIG. 10) is formed on the shaft member 3 by using the die 1 and the punch 2 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. The die 1 has a molding hole 4 for the shaft member 3. The forming hole 4 is an enlarged diameter portion 4a having an enlarged diameter which is substantially equal to the diameter of the shaft member 3 on one end side and equal to the diameter of the head portion 5 of the shaft member 3 from the middle to the other end side.
As shown in FIG. 9, the head forming corresponding portion 3a of the shaft member 3 is inserted into the molding hole 4 of the die 1 from the one end side to the enlarged diameter portion 4a. Then, with the shaft member 3 held by the holding member 6, the die 1 is inserted from the other end side of the molding hole 4 and the shaft member 3 is pressurized as indicated by an arrow A ₁ in FIG. 10. As a result, the head forming corresponding portion 3a of the shaft member 3 in the forming hole 4 is plastically deformed and formed by the expanded diameter portion 4a of the die 1, and the head portion 5 is formed on the shaft member 3.

[0004]

By the way, as described above, the head 5 is formed on the shaft member 3 by using the die 1 having the molding hole 4 having the enlarged diameter portion 4a whose diameter is enlarged from the middle. In this case, if the length of the head forming portion 3a of the shaft member 3 is longer than the diameter of the shaft member 3, when the shaft member 3 is pressed by the punch member 2, as shown in FIG. 1
There was a problem that the head portion 5 of the shaft member 3 could not be formed due to the buckling of the head forming portion 3a of the shaft member 3 at the expanded diameter portion 4a of the molding hole 4. There is also a problem that only the head portion 5 having a constant diameter can be formed on the shaft member 3.

Therefore, the object of the invention according to claim 1 is to
It is an object of the present invention to provide an upsetting method for a shaft member, which is capable of forming a part corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member without causing buckling of the shaft member.

The object of the invention according to claim 2 is that
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of upsetting a shaft member, in which a portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member is processed into an arbitrary shape by changing conditions of high-frequency heating of the shaft member.

The object of the invention according to claim 3 is that
It is an object of the present invention to provide an upsetting method for a shaft member, in which the size of a processing load applied to the shaft member is adjusted and a portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member is formed into an arbitrary shape.

An object of the invention according to claim 4 is to install a shaft member which can be easily formed into a desired shape by a high frequency heating without causing buckling, and a portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member. A molding device is provided.

The object of the invention according to claim 5 is that
It is an object of the present invention to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member, which partially heats a part of the shaft member corresponding to a forming process using a high frequency coil.

The object of the invention according to claim 6 is that
It is an object of the present invention to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member that applies a processing load to the shaft member with a hydraulic cylinder.

An object of the invention according to claim 7 is to further:
It is an object of the present invention to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member that holds and releases the shaft member using a hydraulic cylinder.

The object of the invention according to claim 8 is to automatically form a desired portion of a shaft member into a desired shape by buckling without causing buckling, by high-frequency heating, automatically based on previously input processing data. It is an object of the present invention to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member that can be manufactured.

The object of the invention according to claim 9 is that
It is an object of the present invention to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member, which partially heats the shaft member by high-frequency heating using a high-frequency coil, and molds a portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member into a desired shape.

An object of the invention according to claim 10 is to further provide an upsetting device for a shaft member, wherein a heating head is moved by an electric motor to continuously change a heating portion corresponding to a portion of the shaft member which is subjected to molding processing. It is to be.

An object of the invention according to claim 11 is to further provide an upsetting device for a shaft member, which applies a processing load to a portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member by using a hydraulic cylinder.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member which automatically holds and releases the shaft member by hydraulic pressure.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member, which controls the strength of high-frequency heating to control the shape of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process. .

It is a further object of the invention according to claim 14 to provide an upsetting device for a shaft member, which controls the position of a heating head to control the processing shape of a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the shaping process.

The object of the invention according to claim 15 is to further provide an upsetting device for a shaft member, which controls a processing load on a part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member to control a processing shape of the part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member. Is to provide.

[0020]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 holds a shaft member while leaving a portion corresponding to a molding process, and partially heats the portion corresponding to the molding process by high frequency. By applying a processing load in the axial direction to the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process, the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process that is subjected to high frequency heating and has a reduced yield stress is deformed radially outward, Is characterized in that a portion corresponding to the above-mentioned molding processing is molded.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the strength and time of the high frequency heating are set according to the processing shape for processing a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process. Further, the heating area of the portion corresponding to the molding process is changed.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
It is characterized in that the processing load applied to the shaft member is changed.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 4 is such that a holding means for holding the shaft member while leaving a portion corresponding to the forming process and a heating head portion partially forming the portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member. High-frequency heating means for high-frequency heating, moving means for moving the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means along the outer peripheral surface of the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process, and portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process. A processing load is applied in the axial direction to the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means, and the portion in which the yield stress of the portion corresponding to the molding processing becomes small is moved by the movement of the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means. And a machining load applying means for continuously deforming radially outward in the radial direction to mold the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 4, wherein the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means is loosely fitted inside the heating head portion of the shaft member. It is a high-frequency coil.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the processing load applying means comprises a punch member whose tip abuts on the end face of the end portion of the shaft member. The punching member is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to apply a processing load to the shaft member.

To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the holding means for the shaft member is fixed to a fixed side holding block. And a moving side holding block that moves relative to the fixed side holding block, and a hydraulic cylinder that urges the moving side holding block toward the fixed side holding block. The shaft member is held between the block and the block.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 8 has a holding means for holding the shaft member while leaving a portion corresponding to the forming process, and a heating head portion partially forming the portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member. High-frequency heating means for high-frequency heating, moving means for moving the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means along the outer peripheral surface of the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process, and portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process. A processing load is applied in the axial direction to the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means, and the portion in which the yield stress of the portion corresponding to the molding processing becomes small is moved by the movement of the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means. Processing load applying means for continuously deforming radially outward in the radial direction to form a portion corresponding to the forming processing of the shaft member, and processing for inputting processing data of the portion corresponding to the forming processing of the shaft member. Data input means and control means supplied with processing data from the processing data input means to control the high-frequency heating means, the heating head moving means, and the processing load applying means of the shaft member. .

To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 9 is the invention according to claim 8, wherein the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means has a portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member loosely fitted therein. It is characterized by being a high frequency coil.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 10 is the invention according to claim 8 or 9,
The heating head moving means includes an electric motor, a ball screw driven by the electric motor, and a nut member that is screwed onto the ball screw and is coupled to the heating head.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 11 is the invention according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the processing load applying means includes an end portion of a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming processing. Is provided with a punch member whose tip is in contact with the end face, and the punching member is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to apply a working load to the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the above-mentioned forming work.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 12 is the invention according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the holding means for the shaft member is fixed at a fixed position. And a moving side holding block that moves relative to the fixed side holding block, and a hydraulic cylinder that urges the moving side holding block toward the fixed side holding block. The shaft member is held between the block and the block.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 13 is the invention according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the control means controls the magnitude and time of the high frequency heating output of the high frequency heating means. It is characterized by controlling.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 14 is the invention according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the control means controls the position of the heating head of the high frequency heating means, It is characterized in that the heating position of the portion of the member corresponding to the molding process by the heating head is controlled.

To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 15 is the invention according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the control means controls the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder of the punch member to control the shaft member. The processing load of the punch member for the portion corresponding to the above-mentioned forming processing is controlled.

[0035]

In the invention according to claim 1, the high-frequency-heated portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process has a lower yield stress than the yield stress of the other non-heated portions, and is heated by the high-frequency wave by applying a processing load. The parts deform easily.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the strength of high frequency heating, the time, and the region of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process change depending on the shape of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process.

In the invention according to claim 3, the processing load applied to the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process changes depending on the processing shape of the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process.

In the invention according to claim 4, a processing load is applied to the shaft member in the axial direction in the portion corresponding to the molding process, and the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process heated by the heating head portion of the high frequency heating means is: The yield stress becomes smaller than the yield stress of other non-heated portions, and it continuously deforms as the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means moves.

In the invention according to claim 5, the induction current of the high-frequency current flowing through the high-frequency coil flows, and the loose fitting portion of the high-frequency coil corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member generates heat due to Joule heat and the temperature rises.

In the invention according to claim 6, the hydraulic cylinder presses the punch member to apply a processing load to a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process.

In the invention according to claim 7, the movable holding block is biased by the hydraulic cylinder to hold the shaft member between the movable holding block and the fixed holding block.

In the invention according to claim 8, the control means, according to the processing data set in the data input means,
The high-frequency heating means, the moving means of the heating head, and the machining load application means of the shaft member are controlled, and the machining load is applied in the axial direction to a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process, so that the high-frequency heating means of the portion corresponding to the molding process is heated. The yield stress of the portion heated by the head portion becomes small, and the portion is continuously deformed as the heating head portion moves.

In the invention according to claim 9, the induction current of the high-frequency current flowing through the high-frequency coil flows to the loose fitting portion of the high-frequency coil corresponding to the portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member, and the loose fitting portion generates heat to raise the temperature. .

In the tenth aspect of the invention, when the ball screw is driven by an electric motor to rotate, the nut member moves linearly to move the heating head along the outer periphery of the portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member.

In the invention according to claim 11, the punch member is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to apply a processing load to the shaft member.

In the invention according to claim 12, the movable holding block is biased by the hydraulic cylinder to hold the shaft member between the movable holding block and the fixed holding block.

In the thirteenth aspect of the invention, the control means controls the magnitude and time of the high frequency heating output of the high frequency heating means.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the control means controls the position of the heating head of the high frequency heating means, and the heating position of the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process by the heating head is controlled.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the control means controls the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder of the punch member and controls the pressing force of the shaft member of the punch member against the portion corresponding to the forming process.

[0050]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process is subjected to high frequency heating, the yield stress of the high frequency heated portion becomes smaller than the yield stress of other non-heated portions. Therefore, when a processing load is applied to the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process, the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process can be easily formed without buckling.

According to the invention of claim 2, further,
The intensity of high-frequency heating, the time, and the heating area of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process change according to the shape of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process. It can be processed.

According to the invention of claim 3, further,
Since the processing load applied to the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process changes according to the shape of the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process, the portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member can be formed into a desired shape. it can.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member heated by the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means has a temperature rise portion whose yield stress is higher than that of other non-heating portions. Since it becomes smaller and easier to deform, by applying a processing load in the axial direction to the portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member, the heating head of the high-frequency heating means can be used without using a die for restraining the outer periphery of the portion corresponding to the forming process. The part of the shaft member that is equivalent to the forming process can be continuously deformed as the part moves, and the part of the shaft member that corresponds to the forming process can be easily buckled without buckling. Parts can be formed.

According to the invention of claim 5, further,
The induction current of the high-frequency current flowing in the high-frequency coil flows through the portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member that is loosely fitted inside the high-frequency coil, heat is generated by Joule heat and the temperature rises, and the yield stress of that portion decreases, so the shaft The portion of the member corresponding to the forming process can be partially heated by the high-frequency coil having a simple structure, and the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process can be formed by a small processing load.

According to the invention of claim 6, further,
Since the punch member is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to pressurize the shaft member, the pressurizing mechanism for pressurizing the shaft member can be configured with a simple configuration using the hydraulic cylinder.

According to the invention of claim 7, further,
Since the moving side holding block is biased by the hydraulic cylinder and the shaft member is held between the moving side holding block and the fixed side holding block, the moving side holding block is moved by the hydraulic cylinder to easily hold and release the shaft member. It can be performed.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, the control means controls the high-frequency heating means, the heating head moving means, and the machining load applying means of the shaft member, and the shaft member has a shaft corresponding to a portion corresponding to the molding process. In the portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member heated by the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means in which the processing load is applied in the direction, the yield stress becomes small in the temperature rising portion, and the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means moves with the movement. Since it deforms continuously, without causing buckling,
It is possible to automatically form a portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member.

According to the invention of claim 9, further,
Corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member because the part corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member loosely fitted inside the high frequency coil receives electromagnetic energy from the high frequency coil to generate heat and the temperature rises, and the yield stress decreases and deformation becomes easy. The portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process can be easily formed without causing buckling in the part.

According to the invention of claim 10, when the ball screw is driven by an electric motor to rotate, the nut member linearly moves. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the ball screw, the shaft member It is possible to move the heating head along the outer periphery of the portion corresponding to the molding process and continuously move the heating portion of the portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member.

According to the invention of claim 11, since the punch member is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to pressurize the shaft member, a simple construction using the hydraulic cylinder provides:
It is possible to configure a pressing mechanism for applying a processing load to a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process.

According to the invention of claim 12, the moving side holding block is further biased by the hydraulic cylinder to hold the shaft member between the moving side holding block and the fixed side holding block. Therefore, the moving side holding block is held by the hydraulic cylinder. By moving the shaft member, the shaft member can be easily held and released.

Further, according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, since the magnitude and time of the high frequency heating output of the high frequency heating means is controlled by the control means, the high frequency heating portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process is controlled. The temperature can be arbitrarily controlled according to the shape to be molded, and the necessary molding can be easily performed on the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the position of the heating head of the high-frequency heating means is further controlled by the control means, and the heating position of the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the molding process is controlled by the heating head. The temperature of the part corresponding to the forming process of the member can be arbitrarily controlled according to the shape to be formed, and the necessary forming process can be easily performed on the part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the invention, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder of the punch member is further controlled by the control means, and the pressing force of the punch member against the shaft member is controlled. The portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process can be pressed by the processing load, and the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process can be easily formed into a required shape.

[0065]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. An embodiment of the upsetting apparatus for a shaft member according to the present invention is shown in FIG. This upsetting device for a shaft member forms a head on a shaft member made of a material such as iron, brass, stainless steel, copper, or aluminum.

In the upsetting device for a shaft member, an operator manually forms a head portion on the shaft member 11, and the shaft member 11 is left with the portion 11a corresponding to the head forming process left at the end. A holding portion 12 for holding, a high-frequency heating portion 13 for partially high-frequency heating the portion 11a of the shaft member 11 corresponding to the forming processing, and a heating head portion 14 of the high-frequency heating portion 13 for the portion corresponding to the forming processing 11a of the shaft member 11. Moving part 1 of heating head part 14 to be moved along the outer peripheral surface
5 and a pressurizing portion 16 that applies a processing load to the portion 11a of the shaft member 11 corresponding to the forming process to apply pressure to deform the shaft member 11.

The holding portion 12 of the shaft member 11 is a fixed side holding block 17 fixed at a fixed position, and a moving side holding block 1 that moves relative to the fixed side holding block 17.
8, a hydraulic cylinder 19 that reciprocates to move the movable holding block 18 in the direction toward the fixed holding block 17 and in the opposite direction, and the hydraulic cylinder 1.
And a hydraulic device 21 for driving the motor 9. In order to define the holding direction of the shaft member 11, the fixed holding block 17 is provided with a holding groove 17a in which the shaft member 11 is fitted on the surface facing the moving holding block 18, and the holding groove 1 is formed.
The moving side holding block 18 is also formed with a holding groove 18a in which the shaft member 11 is fitted, on the surface facing the fixed side holding block 17, facing the 7a. These holding grooves 17
a and 18a define the initial deformed shape of the portion 11a of the shaft member 11 corresponding to the forming process by high-frequency heating and pressurization. , 18b. The hydraulic cylinder 19 is supplied with oil from the hydraulic device 21 and urges the moving side holding block 18 toward the fixed side holding block 17. As a result, the shaft member 11 is held between the holding groove 17a of the fixed-side holding block 17 and the holding groove 18a of the moving-side holding block 18, leaving the portion 11a corresponding to the molding process.

The high-frequency heating unit 13 includes the high-frequency oscillator 2
2 and a high frequency coil 23 that constitutes the heating head portion 14 to which a high frequency current is supplied from the high frequency oscillator 22. In the high-frequency coil 23, the portion 11a corresponding to the above-mentioned forming process of the shaft member 11 is loosely fitted. An induction current of a high-frequency current supplied from the high-frequency oscillator 22 flows in a portion of the shaft member 11 near the high-frequency coil 23 in the portion corresponding to the forming process 11a, and the temperature rises due to Joule heat.
The yield stress of the adjacent portion is smaller than the yield stress of other portions of the shaft member 11. As a result, the loosely fitted portion of the high frequency coil 23 can be easily deformed by the processing load applied to the portion 11a of the shaft member 11 corresponding to the forming process.

The moving portion 15 of the high-frequency coil 23 is provided with a guide rail 24 arranged parallel to the axial direction of the shaft member 11 held by the holding portion 12 along the portion 11a corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member 11, A slide block 25 that supports the high-frequency coil 23 and slides on the guide rail 24, a ball screw 26 that is arranged parallel to the guide rail 24, a nut member 27 that is screwed into the ball screw 26, and a ball screw 26. An electric motor 28 for rotating the
The rotary encoder 44 detects the position of the high frequency coil 23 from the rotation amount of the ball screw 26, and the drive device 29 that drives the electric motor 28.

The slide block 25 is the connection terminal plate 3
1 and the connection terminal plate 31 has connection terminals 32, 33.
Is provided. The high frequency coil 23 has these connection terminals 3
2, 33 are supported by the slide block 25 and move integrally with the slide block 25. The connection terminals 32 and 33 are also connected by the conductors 34 and 35.
The output terminals 36 and 37 for high frequency current of the high frequency oscillator 22 are respectively connected. The ball screw 26 has one end rotatably supported by a bearing 38 and the other end rotatably supported by a bearing 39. The slide block 25 is joined to the nut member 27 by the joint member 41. One end of the ball screw 26 is coupled to the output shaft 28a of the electric motor 28 by the coupling 42. The other end of the ball screw 26 is connected to the rotary encoder 44 by a coupling 43.
The electric motor 28 is connected to the output terminals 47 and 48 of the drive device 29 of the drive motor 28 by the conductors 45 and 46.

The drive device 29 compares the position command signal of the high frequency coil 23 input from the operating device 51 with the position signal of the high frequency coil 23 input from the rotary encoder 44, and compares the position signal with the position command signal. The electric motor 28 is controlled so that As a result, the position of the high frequency coil 23 is arbitrarily controlled by the operator.

The pressurizing section 16 for applying a processing load to the shaft member 11 includes a punch member 52, a punch holder 53 for holding the punch member 52, a hydraulic cylinder 54 for reciprocating the punch holder 53, and a hydraulic cylinder 54 for driving the punch holder 53. Hydraulic cylinder 5
4, a hydraulic device 55 for driving 4, and the punch member 52.
The position sensor 56 detects the position of. The punch holder 53 uses the joint member 57 to allow the hydraulic cylinder 54 to move.
Is combined with The hydraulic device 55 controls the processing position of the punch member 52 based on the command signal corresponding to the operation from the operating device 51 and the position of the punch member 52 detected by the position sensor 56, and the oil flowing into the hydraulic cylinder 54 is controlled. The processing speed is controlled by controlling the flow rate of
The processing load of the punch member 52 is controlled by controlling the pressure of the oil flowing into the hydraulic cylinder 54.

Next, a method of upsetting the head of the shaft member 11 by the upsetting device for the shaft member 11 having the configuration of FIG. 1 will be described. First, the operating device 51 operates the hydraulic device 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 19 to move the moving-side holding block 18 with respect to the fixed-side holding block 17, and the shaft member 11 is inserted therebetween. In this state, the hydraulic cylinder 19 is operated to move the holding block 18 on the moving side.
Is moved toward the fixed-side holding block 17, and the shaft member 11 is held between the fixed-side holding block 17 and the moving-side holding block 18, leaving a portion 11a corresponding to the molding process, as shown in FIG.

Next, the driving device 29 is operated to rotationally drive the ball screw 26 by the electric motor 28 to move the slide block 25, and the portion 11a corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member 11 is loosely fitted in the high frequency coil 23. Then, the high frequency coil 23 is moved to near the fixed side holding block 17 and the moving side holding block 18. In this state, the operation device 51 outputs a command signal to the high frequency oscillator 22,
A high-frequency current is supplied from the high-frequency oscillator 22 to the high-frequency coil 23. The high-frequency current causes a large induction current to be generated in the loosely fitted portion of the high-frequency coil 23 in the portion 11a of the shaft member 11 corresponding to the forming process, and this induction current causes Joule heat. Thereby increasing the temperature of the loosely fitted portion.

Then, the hydraulic device 5 of the hydraulic cylinder of FIG.
5, the punch member 5 as shown by the arrow A ₁ in FIG.
2, the end surface of the portion 11a corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member 11 is biased in the axial direction of the shaft member 11, and a processing load is applied to the portion 11a corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member 11 to apply pressure. As a result of this pressurization, as shown in FIG. 3, the loose fitting portion of the high-frequency coil 23, in which the yield stress of the portion 11a corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member 11 is reduced, is easily deformed radially outward, and its initial shape is
Tapered surface 17 of holding groove 17a of fixed side holding block 17
b and the tapered surface 18b of the holding groove 18a of the moving-side holding block 18 are defined.

Following this initial deformation of the portion 11a of the shaft member 11 corresponding to the forming process, as shown by an arrow A ₂ in FIG. 3, the high-frequency coil 23 is moved substantially in the direction opposite to the pressing direction of the punch member 52. When moved at a constant speed, the portion heated by the high frequency coil 23 also moves at a substantially constant speed accordingly. Therefore, when the above-mentioned pressurization is continuously performed by the punch member 52 at a substantially constant pressure, as shown in FIG. 4, the diameter of the portion 11a corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member 11 becomes a substantially constant diameter outward in the radial direction. The parts are sequentially deformed, and finally, as shown in FIG. 5, a head portion 58 having a constant diameter is formed on the shaft member 11. As described above, by the high frequency heating, the portion 11a corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member 11 is formed.
It is possible to easily form the head portion 58 on the portion 11a corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member 11 without causing buckling by heating the steel sheet partially to reduce the yield stress of the heated portion.

After the head portion 58 is formed on the portion 11a corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member 11 as described above, the hydraulic device 21 described in FIG. 1 is operated to fix the moving side holding block 18 of the holding portion 12 to the fixed side. Separated from the holding block 17, the shaft member 11 is taken out from between the fixed side holding block 17 and the moving side holding block 18.

The portion 11 corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member 11
Following the above initial deformation of a, as shown in FIG. 6, when the high-frequency coil 23 is moved in the direction opposite to the pressing direction of the punch member 52 (the direction indicated by the arrow A ₂ ), ,
When the moving speed of the high-frequency coil 23 is slowed down, the high-frequency current flowing through the high-frequency coil 23 is increased, or the processing load of the shaft member 11 by the punch member 52 is increased on the way, The deformation is larger than the initial deformation. Therefore, by changing the moving speed of the high frequency coil 23, the magnitude of the high frequency current flowing through the high frequency coil 23, or the processing load of the shaft member 11 by the punch member 52, as shown in FIG.
The head 58 having a desired shape can be formed on the portion 11a of the shaft member 11 corresponding to the forming process without using a die without causing buckling.

Next, another embodiment of the upsetting apparatus for the shaft member 11 according to the present invention is shown in FIG. This shaft member upsetting apparatus is the same as the shaft member upsetting apparatus described in FIG.
1, a control device 6 for controlling the high-frequency oscillator 22 of the high-frequency heating unit 13, the drive device 29 of the electric motor 28 of the moving unit 15 of the heating head, and the hydraulic device 55 of the hydraulic cylinder 54.
1 is provided to automate the formation of the head portion 58 of the shaft member 11.

The structure of the holding portion 12 of the shaft member 11, the high-frequency heating portion 13, the moving portion 15 of the heating head, and the pressing portion 16 of the shaft member 11 are all the same as those described in FIG. . Therefore, the holding portion 12 of the shaft member 11, the high frequency heating portion 13, the moving portion 1 of the heating head
5 and the pressing portion 16 of the shaft member 11, the holding portion 12 of the shaft member 11 of the upsetting apparatus for the shaft member of FIG.
The respective components corresponding to the respective components of the high-frequency heating unit 13, the moving unit 15 of the heating head, and the pressing unit 16 of the shaft member 11 are denoted by the corresponding reference numerals, and the duplicate description will be omitted.

In the control device 61, the head 5 is attached to the shaft member 11 from the data input device 2 such as a keyboard.
8 for processing data signals, the rotary encoder 44 of the moving portion 15 of the heating head to the high-frequency coil 23.
Of the punch member 52 from the position sensor 56 of the punch member 52 driven by the hydraulic cylinder 54.
Position signals are supplied. Then, the control device 61
Is based on the processing data signal from the data input unit 62, the position signal of the high frequency coil 23 from the rotary encoder 44, and the position signal of the punch member 52 from the position sensor 56 of the punch member 52. The oscillator 22, the drive unit 29 of the electric motor 28 of the moving unit 15 of the high-frequency coil 23, and the pressing unit 16 of the shaft member 11.
Control the hydraulic devices 55 of the hydraulic cylinders 54,
The upsetting process described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7 is executed to automatically upset the shaft member 11. The control device 6
1 also controls the hydraulic device 21 of the holding part 12 of the shaft member 11.

According to the upsetting apparatus for the shaft member 11 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the head unit 5 is attached to the shaft member 11 by the controller 61.
8 can be formed automatically.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 8, as the sensor for detecting the position of the high frequency coil 23, a potentiometer, a differential transformer or the like may be used in addition to the rotary encoder 44.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 8,
In addition to the hydraulic cylinder 12, the shaft member 11 can be held by a holding mechanism using air pressure or a metal spring.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the high frequency coil 23 can be moved by using a hydraulic mechanism.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a shaft member upsetting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a process of an embodiment of a method of upsetting a shaft member according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a step that follows the step of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a step that follows the step of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a step that follows the step of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a step that follows the step of FIG. 3 of the upsetting method of the shaft member when forming the head portion of the shaft member having different diameters depending on the position.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a step that follows the step of FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of another embodiment of the upsetting method for a shaft member according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional shaft member upsetting method.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a step that follows the step of FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a problem of a conventional shaft member upsetting method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Shaft member 11a Molding processing equivalent part 12 Holding part 13 High frequency heating part 14 Heating head part 15 Moving part 16 Pressurizing part 17 Fixed side holding block 18 Moving side holding block 19 Hydraulic cylinder 21 Hydraulic device 22 High frequency oscillator 23 High frequency coil 26 Ball Screw 27 Nut member 28 Electric motor 29 Drive device 44 Rotary encoder 52 Punch member 54 Hydraulic cylinder 55 Hydraulic device 56 Position sensor 58 Head 61 Control device 62 Data input device

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A shaft member is retained while leaving a portion corresponding to the forming process, the portion corresponding to the forming process is partially heated by high frequency, and a processing load is applied to the portion corresponding to the forming process in the axial direction of the shaft member. Installation of a shaft member, characterized in that a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process, which is heated at high frequency and has a reduced yield stress, is deformed outward in the radial direction, and the part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member is formed. Molding method. 2. The strength and time of the high-frequency heating and the heating region of the portion corresponding to the shaping process are changed according to the processing shape of the portion corresponding to the shaping process of the shaft member. Upsetting method for shaft members. 3. The upsetting method for a shaft member according to claim 1, wherein the processing load applied to the shaft member is changed according to a processing shape for processing a portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process. . 4. A holding means for holding the shaft member while leaving a portion corresponding to the forming process, and a high-frequency heating means for heating the heating member to partly high-frequency heat the portion corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member.
Moving means of the heating head part for moving the heating head part of the high-frequency heating means along the outer peripheral surface of the part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member, and a processing load in the axial direction on the part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member. The portion where the yield stress of the portion corresponding to the forming process is reduced by being applied and heated by the heating head portion of the high frequency heating means is continuously radially outward with the movement of the heating head portion of the high frequency heating means. An upsetting device for a shaft member, comprising: a processing load applying means for deforming the shaft member to form a part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member. 5. The upsetting device for a shaft member according to claim 4, wherein the heating head portion of the high-frequency heating means is a high-frequency coil into which the portion corresponding to the molding process of the shaft member is loosely fitted. . 6. The machining load applying means comprises a punch member whose tip abuts on the end face of the end portion of the shaft member, and the punch member is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to apply the machining load to the shaft member. The upsetting device for a shaft member according to claim 4 or 5. 7. The holding means for the shaft member has a fixed side holding block fixed at a fixed position, a moving side holding block which moves relative to the fixed side holding block, and the moving side holding block. 7. A hydraulic cylinder for urging toward a holding block, wherein the shaft member is held between the fixed-side holding block and the moving-side holding block. The upsetting device for a shaft member according to one aspect. 8. A holding means for holding the shaft member while leaving a portion corresponding to the forming process, and a high-frequency heating means for heating the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process by a high frequency heating by a heating head portion.
Moving means of the heating head part for moving the heating head part of the high-frequency heating means along the outer peripheral surface of the part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member, and a processing load in the axial direction on the part corresponding to the forming process of the shaft member. The portion where the yield stress of the portion corresponding to the forming process is reduced by being applied and heated by the heating head portion of the high frequency heating means is continuously radially outward with the movement of the heating head portion of the high frequency heating means. Processing load applying means for deforming the shaft member into a portion corresponding to the above-mentioned forming processing, processing data input means for inputting processing data of the above-mentioned forming processing corresponding portion of the shaft member, and processing data from the processing data input means. And a control means for controlling the high-frequency heating means, the heating head moving means, and the machining load applying means for the shaft member. Apparatus. 9. The heating head portion of the high frequency heating means comprises:
The upsetting device for a shaft member according to claim 8, wherein the shaft member is a high-frequency coil in which a portion corresponding to the molding process is loosely fitted. 10. The heating head moving means includes an electric motor, a ball screw driven by the electric motor, and a nut member screwed to the ball screw and coupled to the heating head. The upsetting device for a shaft member according to claim 8 or 9. 11. The processing load applying means comprises a punch member whose tip abuts on the end face of the end portion of the portion corresponding to the forming work of the shaft member, and the punch member is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to form the shaft member. The upsetting device for a shaft member according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein a processing load is applied to a portion corresponding to the processing. 12. The holding means for the shaft member, a fixed side holding block fixed at a fixed position, a moving side holding block that moves relative to the fixed side holding block, and the moving side holding block, the fixed side holding block. 12. A hydraulic cylinder for urging toward a holding block, wherein the shaft member is held between the fixed-side holding block and the moving-side holding block. The upsetting device for a shaft member according to one aspect. 13. The upsetting apparatus for a shaft member according to claim 8, wherein the control means controls the magnitude and time of the high frequency heating output of the high frequency heating means. 14. The control means controls the position of the heating head of the high frequency heating means, and controls the heating position of the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming process by the heating head. An upsetting device for a shaft member according to any one of claims. 15. The control means controls the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder of the punch member to control the working load of the punch member on the portion of the shaft member corresponding to the forming work. The upsetting device for a shaft member as described above.