CN113102493A - Method for remedying contaminated soil by using organisms - Google Patents
Method for remedying contaminated soil by using organisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN113102493A CN113102493A CN202110522566.0A CN202110522566A CN113102493A CN 113102493 A CN113102493 A CN 113102493A CN 202110522566 A CN202110522566 A CN 202110522566A CN 113102493 A CN113102493 A CN 113102493A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for remedying contaminated soil by using organisms, which comprises the following steps of S1, planting the coniferous grass, the artemisia capillaris and the ciliate desert-grass in the contaminated soil; s2, accumulating the polluted soil; s3, mixing the acidic wastewater and the alkaline wastewater; s4, culturing microorganisms and mixing the microorganisms with the polluted soil; and S5, finally, adjusting the nutrition, humidity and pH value of the soil by fertilizing, irrigating and adding lime. According to the invention, the contaminated soil is inoculated with the vegetation such as the conifer, the artemisia capillaris, the ciliate desert-grass and the like, a small amount of heavy metal in the soil is absorbed, then the acid-base mixing treatment is carried out, more waste metal is removed through the acid-base neutralization, more water is generated, more microorganisms are cultured to carry out pollutant degradation, and the soil is fertilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a method for remediating polluted soil by using organisms.
Background
Soil remediation is a technical measure to restore normal function to contaminated soil. In the soil remediation industry, the existing soil remediation technologies can be more than one hundred, the common technologies can be more than ten, and the existing soil remediation technologies can be roughly divided into three methods, namely physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. Since the 80 s in the 20 th century, many countries in the world, especially developed countries, have established and developed contaminated soil remediation and remediation programs, thus forming an emerging soil remediation industry. Soil remediation refers to the physical, chemical and biological processes used to transfer, absorb, degrade and transform pollutants in soil to reduce their concentration to acceptable levels, or to transform toxic and harmful pollutants into harmless materials. Fundamentally, the technical principle of contaminated soil remediation includes: changing the existing form of the pollutants in the soil or the combination mode of the pollutants and the soil, and reducing the mobility and bioavailability of the pollutants in the environment; the concentration of harmful substances in the soil is reduced.
The existing polluted soil treatment effect and the regeneration capacity of the treated soil are poor, and more heavy metals and organic pollution cannot be thoroughly removed. For this reason, a corresponding technical scheme needs to be designed to solve the existing technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for remedying the polluted soil by using organisms, which solves the following problems: the existing polluted soil has poor treatment effect, the regeneration capacity of the treated soil is poor, and more heavy metals and organic pollutants cannot be thoroughly removed.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms, comprising the following method steps,
s1, planting the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass in the polluted soil, preparing a bacterial solution from the staphylococcus saprophyticus CP3, irrigating roots of the bacterial solution after the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass are planted for 10 days, inoculating the bacterial solution into rhizosphere soil of the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass, wherein 25-40mL of the bacterial solution is inoculated in each kilogram of the soil, and the inoculation is carried out for 2 times;
s2, accumulating the polluted soil, mixing the polluted soil with organic matters, and generating fungi by virtue of the organic matter composting process;
s3, mixing acidic wastewater with contaminated soil, spraying 70-120ml of acidic wastewater per kilogram of soil to react with soil contaminated compounds, mixing alkaline wastewater with contaminated soil, spraying 140ml of alkaline wastewater per kilogram of soil to neutralize and ensure the pH value of the soil;
s4, culturing microorganisms, mixing the microorganisms with polluted soil, and degrading organic pollutants by the catalysis of the microorganisms;
and S5, finally, adjusting the nutrition, humidity and pH value of the soil by fertilizing, irrigating and adding lime.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, rice straw, wheat straw, wood chips, bark, wheat hull, egg shell, and cotton stalk are sufficiently pulverized, the pulverized particles are controlled to 0.1cm or less, glucose with a concentration of 17% to 22% is disposed as a solvent, and then the mixture is sufficiently immersed for 2 to 4 hours, mixed and stirred, and the temperature is controlled to 26 ℃, and the time is controlled to 12 hours or less.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the alkaline waste water includes lime (CaO) and limestone (CaCO)3) Carbide slag, caustic soda (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na)2CO3) The acidic wastewater comprises phosphoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the microorganisms include ammonifier, nitrifier, azotobacter, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus mucilaginosus, cellulobacter and bacillus megaterium.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the culture medium of the microorganism is tryptone, yeast extract powder, glucose, sodium chloride, L-cystine, agar and water at a ratio of 1:0.3:0.25:1.2:1.4: 0.6: 0.4:20.
As a further preferred mode of the present invention, step S4 further comprises adding the microorganisms into sterile water containing glass beads under aseptic conditions,shaking with vortex oscillator, and diluting to 10% concentration-5、10-6、10-7Then, respectively taking culture media with the concentration of 97%, setting three times for each gradient, and culturing in an incubator at 34 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain primary screening bacteria; inoculating the primary-screened bacteria into a culture medium, culturing for 8h at 34 ℃ and 165rpm, centrifuging by using a sterilized centrifuge tube at 8000rpm, pouring out supernatant, and draining to obtain thalli.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, 40 to 60mL of the inoculum solution per kg of soil is inoculated 3 to 5 times.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the fertilizer includes a phosphate residue fertilizer, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, a defluorinated phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, potassium epsom salt, monopotassium phosphate, and sodium nitrate (NaNO)3) Calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for remedying contaminated soil by using organisms. The method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the vegetation such as the conifer, the artemisia capillaris, the ciliate desert-grass and the like is inoculated to the polluted soil, so that a small amount of heavy metal in the soil can be absorbed, then the acid-base mixing treatment is carried out, more waste metal can be removed through acid-base neutralization, more water is generated, more microorganisms are cultured for degradation, and the soil is fertilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms, comprising the following method steps,
s1, planting the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass in the polluted soil, preparing a bacterial solution from the staphylococcus saprophyticus CP3, irrigating roots of the bacterial solution after the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass are planted for 10 days, inoculating the bacterial solution into rhizosphere soil of the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass, wherein 25-40mL of the bacterial solution is inoculated in each kilogram of the soil, and the inoculation is carried out for 2 times;
s2, accumulating the polluted soil, mixing the polluted soil with organic matters, and generating fungi by virtue of the organic matter composting process;
s3, mixing acidic wastewater with contaminated soil, spraying 70-120ml of acidic wastewater per kilogram of soil to react with soil contaminated compounds, mixing alkaline wastewater with contaminated soil, spraying 140ml of alkaline wastewater per kilogram of soil to neutralize and ensure the pH value of the soil;
s4, culturing microorganisms, mixing the microorganisms with polluted soil, and degrading organic pollutants by the catalysis of the microorganisms;
and S5, finally, adjusting the nutrition, humidity and pH value of the soil by fertilizing, irrigating and adding lime.
In step S2, straw, wheat straw, wood chips, bark, wheat hull, egg shell and cotton stalk are crushed sufficiently, the crushed particles are controlled to be below 0.1cm, glucose with the concentration of 17% -22% is prepared as a solvent, then the mixture is fully soaked for 2-4 hours and then mixed and stirred, the temperature is controlled to be 26 ℃, and the time is controlled to be within 12 hours.
In step S3, the alkaline wastewater includes lime (CaO) and limestone (CaCO)3) Carbide slag, caustic soda (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na)2CO3) The acidic wastewater comprises phosphoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
In step S4, the microorganisms include ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, azotobacter, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus mucilaginosus, cellulose bacteria, and bacillus megaterium.
In the step S4, in the culture process of the microorganism, a culture medium is tryptone, yeast extract powder, glucose, sodium chloride, L-cystine, agar and water, wherein the proportion of the tryptone, the yeast extract powder, the glucose, the sodium chloride, the L-cystine, the agar and the water is 1:0.3:0.25:1.2:1.4: 0.6: 0.4:20.
Step S4, adding the microorganisms into sterile water containing glass beads under aseptic condition, shaking with vortex oscillator, and diluting to 10%-5、10-6、10-7Then, respectively taking culture media with the concentration of 97%, setting three times for each gradient, and culturing in an incubator at 34 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain primary screening bacteria; inoculating the primary-screened bacteria into a culture medium, culturing for 8h at 34 ℃ and 165rpm, centrifuging by using a sterilized centrifuge tube at 8000rpm, pouring out supernatant, and draining to obtain thalli.
In step S4, 40-60mL of bacterial liquid is inoculated to each kilogram of soil, and inoculation is carried out for 3-5 times.
In step S5, the fertilizer includes a phosphate residue fertilizer, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, a defluorinated phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, potassium epsom salt, monopotassium phosphate and sodium nitrate (NaNO)3) Calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate.
Example one
50kg of polluted soil, planting the needle grass, the south wormwood and the ciliate desert-grass in the polluted soil, preparing the staphylococcus saprophyticus CP3 into a bacterial solution, irrigating roots of the bacterial solution after the needle grass, the south wormwood and the ciliate desert-grass are planted for 10 days, and inoculating the bacterial solution into rhizosphere soil of the needle grass, the south wormwood and the ciliate desert-grass, wherein 25mL of the bacterial solution is inoculated in each kilogram of the soil, and the inoculation is carried out for 2 times;
fully crushing rice straws, wheat straws, crushed wood chips, barks, wheat husks, eggshells and cotton stalks, controlling crushed particles to be 0.1, preparing glucose with the concentration of 18 percent as a solvent, fully soaking for 2 hours, mixing and stirring, controlling the temperature to be 26 ℃, controlling the time to be within 12 hours, and then adding the mixture into soil;
removing stoneAsh (CaO), limestone (CaCO)3) Carbide slag, caustic soda (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na)2CO3) Respectively adding phosphoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid into the polluted soil for mixing;
a medium was prepared by mixing 1:0.3:0.25:1.2:1.4: 0.6: 0.4, mixing 20 tryptose peptone, yeast extract powder, glucose, sodium chloride, L-cystine, agar and water, and respectively culturing ammoniation bacteria, nitrobacteria, azotobacter, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus mucilaginosus, cellulose bacteria and bacillus megaterium; specifically, under aseptic condition, adding microorganism into sterile water containing glass beads, shaking with vortex oscillator, and diluting to 10% concentration-5、10-6、10-7Then, respectively taking culture media with the concentration of 97%, setting three times for each gradient, and culturing in an incubator at 34 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain primary screening bacteria; inoculating the primary-screened bacteria into a culture medium, culturing at 34 ℃, 165rpm for 8h, centrifuging at 8000rpm of a sterilized centrifuge tube, pouring out supernatant, draining water to obtain thalli, inoculating 60mL of bacterial liquid per kilogram of soil, inoculating for 5 times, finally performing fertilization treatment, and sequentially adding a slag phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, potassium epsom, monopotassium phosphate, calcium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
Example two
20kg of polluted soil, planting the needle grass, the south wormwood and the ciliate desert-grass in the polluted soil, preparing the saprophytic staphylococcus CP3 into a bacterial solution, irrigating roots of the bacterial solution after the needle grass, the south wormwood and the ciliate desert-grass are planted for 10 days, and inoculating the bacterial solution into rhizosphere soil of the needle grass, the south wormwood and the ciliate desert-grass, wherein 40mL of the bacterial solution is inoculated in each kilogram of the soil, and the inoculation is carried out for 2 times;
fully crushing rice straws, wheat straws, crushed wood chips, barks, wheat husks, eggshells and cotton stalks, controlling crushed particles to be 0.1, preparing glucose with the concentration of 18 percent as a solvent, fully soaking for 2 hours, mixing and stirring, controlling the temperature to be 26 ℃, controlling the time to be within 12 hours, and then adding the mixture into soil;
adding lime (CaO) and limestone (CaCO)3) Carbide slag, caustic soda (NaOH), carbonSodium acid (Na)2CO3) Respectively adding phosphoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid into the polluted soil for mixing;
a medium was prepared by mixing 1:0.3:0.25:1.2:1.4: 0.6: 0.4, mixing 20 tryptose peptone, yeast extract powder, glucose, sodium chloride, L-cystine, agar and water, and respectively culturing ammoniation bacteria, nitrobacteria, azotobacter, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus mucilaginosus, cellulose bacteria and bacillus megaterium; specifically, under aseptic condition, adding microorganism into sterile water containing glass beads, shaking with vortex oscillator, and diluting to 10% concentration-5、10-6、10-7Then, respectively taking culture media with the concentration of 97%, setting three times for each gradient, and culturing in an incubator at 34 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain primary screening bacteria; inoculating the primary-screened bacteria into a culture medium, culturing at 34 ℃, 165rpm for 8h, centrifuging at 8000rpm of a sterilized centrifuge tube, pouring out supernatant, draining water to obtain thalli, inoculating 40mL of bacterial liquid per kilogram of soil, inoculating for 3 times, finally performing fertilization treatment, and sequentially adding a slag phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, potassium epsom, monopotassium phosphate, calcium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. The specific parameters are as follows:
while there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A method for remediating contaminated soil by using organisms is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprising the following method steps of the method,
s1, planting the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass in the polluted soil, preparing a bacterial solution from the staphylococcus saprophyticus CP3, irrigating roots of the bacterial solution after the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass are planted for 10 days, inoculating the bacterial solution into rhizosphere soil of the conifer, the artemisia selengensis and the ciliate desert-grass, wherein 25-40mL of the bacterial solution is inoculated in each kilogram of the soil, and the inoculation is carried out for 2 times;
s2, accumulating the polluted soil, mixing the polluted soil with organic matters, and generating fungi by virtue of the organic matter composting process;
s3, mixing acidic wastewater with contaminated soil, spraying 70-120mL of the acidic wastewater per kilogram of soil to react with soil contaminated compounds, mixing alkaline wastewater with the contaminated soil, spraying 140mL of the alkaline wastewater per kilogram of soil to neutralize and ensure the pH value of the soil;
s4, culturing microorganisms, mixing the microorganisms with polluted soil, and degrading organic pollutants by the catalysis of the microorganisms;
and S5, finally, adjusting the nutrition, humidity and pH value of the soil by fertilizing, irrigating and adding lime.
2. The method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, straw, wheat straw, wood chips, bark, wheat hull, egg shell and cotton stalk are crushed sufficiently, the crushed particles are controlled to be below 0.1cm, glucose with the concentration of 17% -22% is prepared as a solvent, then the mixture is fully soaked for 2-4 hours and then mixed and stirred, the temperature is controlled to be 26 ℃, and the time is controlled to be within 12 hours.
3. The method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the alkaline wastewater includes lime (CaO) and limestone (CaCO)3) Carbide slag, caustic soda (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na)2CO3) The acidic wastewater comprises phosphoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
4. The method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the microorganisms include ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, azotobacter, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus mucilaginosus, cellulose bacteria, and bacillus megaterium.
5. The method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, in the culture process of the microorganism, a culture medium is tryptone, yeast extract powder, glucose, sodium chloride, L-cystine, agar and water, wherein the proportion of the tryptone, the yeast extract powder, the glucose, the sodium chloride, the L-cystine, the agar and the water is 1:0.3:0.25:1.2:1.4: 0.6: 0.4:20.
6. The method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms according to claim 1, wherein: step S4, adding the microorganisms into sterile water containing glass beads under aseptic condition, shaking with vortex oscillator, and diluting to 10%-5、10-6、10-7Then, respectively taking culture media with the concentration of 97%, setting three times for each gradient, and culturing in an incubator at 34 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain primary screening bacteria; inoculating the primary-screened bacteria into a culture medium, culturing for 8h at 34 ℃ and 165rpm, centrifuging by using a sterilized centrifuge tube at 8000rpm, pouring out supernatant, and draining to obtain thalli.
7. The method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, 40-60mL of bacterial liquid is inoculated to each kilogram of soil, and inoculation is carried out for 3-5 times.
8. The method for remediating contaminated soil using organisms according to claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the fertilizer includes a phosphate residue fertilizer, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, a defluorinated phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, potassium epsom salt, monopotassium phosphate and sodium nitrate (NaNO)3) Calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate.
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