CN106336094A - Heavy metal stabilization and reduction treatment method of domestic sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

A treatment method for stabilizing and reducing heavy metals in domestic sludge comprises the following steps: 1, adding ferrous salt, calcium oxide, sodium hypochlorite, attapulgite, meerschaum and apatite to the sludge, and uniformly stirring above materials to obtain heavy metal stabilized sludge; 2, taking 3-5 parts of the heavy metal stabilized sludge, and mixing the heavy metal stabilized sludge with 1 part of agricultural organic wastes according to a certain ratio to make the C/N ratio of the obtained sludge mixture reach 27-33, the pH value reach 6.0-7.5 and the water content reach 60-70%; 3, fully and uniformly stirring the sludge mixture, sending the fully stirred mixture to a stockpiling tank through using a forklift, forming a pile, forcedly introducing wind to the stockpiling tank, keeping the temperature of the pile in a range of 55-65 DEG C under aerobic fermentation conditions, and fermenting for 7-10 d; and 4, sending the high temperature treated sludge mixture to cultivated land to make the stacking thickness reach 50-60 cm, and planting heavy metal enrichment crops in the sludge mixture until the heavy meals are absorbed by the crops.

Description

A kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing

Technical field

The present invention relates to the processing method of domestic sludge, steady in particular to a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal Fixedization, the processing method of minimizing.

Background technology

Municipal sludge is the discarded object of city domestic sewage treatment plant, containing abundant n, p, k and Organic matter, is good organic fertilizer resource.Agriculturally rationally utilize mud to reduce chemical fertilizer production pressure, Reduce energy resource consumption, reduce agriculture production cost, reduce pollution by chemical fertilizer, increase organic fertilizer resource, retentively Power, to realize sustainable development significant.Because mud contains many pollutants, such as heavy metal, poisonous have Machine thing and harmful organism, the production of impact crops, yield, quality, can accumulate in soil, pollute Underground water or crop, hence into food chain, are detrimental to health.Therefore, the mud of Sewage Plant is necessary Deal carefully with, carry out just making full use of after harmless treatment according to mud situation simultaneously.

Increase year by year now with China's city domestic sewage discharge capacity, national year quantity of wastewater effluent reach 297 Hundred million tons, year 17820000 tons of mud yield.Drastically increasing of municipal sludge is increasingly strict with environmental protection legislation, The appropriate disposal making mud becomes the task of the task of top priority.The method of disposal of mud has agricultural use, defends Raw landfill, burning etc..In these methods, agricultural sludge has proved to be the most economically viable, processes and holds Amount is big, and is the good method of resource reutilization, is deeply paid attention to by various countries.But chemical pollutants content present in mud Especially content of beary metal is generally exceeded, limits agricultural and directly utilizes, it is total that utilization rate is typically less than mud The half of amount.The agriculture industrialization that China also cannot realize mud at present utilizes, and this large amount of mud is only Can be disposed by additive method, both pollute environment, waste of resource, expend substantial amounts of disposal costs again.

Content of the invention

The present invention is to provide a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing, its master Aim to overcome that the problems referred to above that prior art exists.

The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that and is achieved:

A kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing, sequentially include the following steps: 1) Add ferrous salt, calcium oxide, sodium hypochlorite, attapulgite, sepiolite and apatite in mud, and Stir, obtain heavy metal stabilization mud, and heavy metal stabilization mud is placed 2～4 days；2) 1 part of 3～5 parts of heavy metal stabilization mud and agricultural organic waste is taken to mix by a certain percentage so that two The c/n of the mud mixture obtaining after person's mixing is 27～33, ph value=6.0～7.5, and moisture content is 60%～70%；3) above-mentioned mud mixture is stirred, and be sent to heap hopper with forklift and build Heap；Then to forced ventilation in heap hopper, and make under aerobic fermentation condition windrow temperature be maintained at 60 ± 5 DEG C, fermentation time keeps 7～10 days；4) mud mixture after high-temperature process is delivered in arable land, Stacking thickness is 50～60cm, plants heavy metal accumulation crop on mud mixture, until heavy metal quilt After Crop, after its content is down to the quality standard of organic fertilizer, as organic fertilizer production raw material Using.

Further, described ferrous salt is selected from any one of frerrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate Or arbitrarily multiple mixtures.

Further, described ferrous salt, calcium oxide, sodium hypochlorite, attapulgite, sepiolite and phosphorus ash The mass ratio of stone is 1:1～2:0.2～0.5:3～5:4～8:2～4.

Further, described apatite is that asparagolite, fluor-apatite, wlkeite or chlorine phosphorus are grey Any one or arbitrarily multiple mixtures of stone.

Further, described agricultural organic waste is stalk, straw slag, husk or animal wastes.

Further, described heavy metal accumulation crop is vetiver, ciliate desert-grass, squama sedge or Indian mustard.

Further, the material order adding in described mud is followed successively by ferrous salt, sodium hypochlorite, concavo-convex Excellent stone, sepiolite, apatite and calcium oxide.

From above-mentioned, the present invention must be described, compared to the prior art, the present invention has the advantage that

1st, the present invention passes through to add ferrous salt, calcium oxide, sodium hypochlorite, attapulgite, sea in mud Afrodite and apatite are it is achieved that the stabilisation of heavy metal.Then mud is passed through a hot fermentation to process Realize that health is innoxious, and the physicochemical character of reformative sludge, it is allowed to be suitable for plant growth.Finally, in dirt On mud, plantation has the crop to exceeded heavy metal element accumulation ability, makes the heavy metal of mud transfer to plant In thing, so that Heavy Metal Level In Sludge significantly reduces, until it reaches the quality standard of organic fertilizer, And utilized as the raw materials for production of fertilizer, the present invention program is native to promoting city to solve domestic sludge Ground safety recycles has positive effect.

2nd, the present invention is easy and simple to handle, high treating effect, the mud Heavy Metals content after process all up to National standard to agricultural sludge.Meanwhile, heavy metal is reclaimed using the method for plantation heavy metal accumulation crop, It is a kind of environment amenable processing method, be a kind of to be enriched with various heavy or the property of multivalence heavy metal The good biodegradable processing method of energy.And, can using the plant after the sludge seeding of the present invention Feed selectively as animal husbandry uses, and also can be combined with additive method simultaneously, such as chemical extraction with The conventional methods such as microorganism leaching are combined and integrated.

Specific embodiment

A kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing, sequentially include the following steps:

1) take mud 500kg, be first added thereto to ferrous salt, be then added sequentially sodium hypochlorite, concavo-convex Excellent stone, sepiolite and wlkeite, are eventually adding calcium oxide, and addition total amount is 20kg.Wherein, institute The ferrous salt of addition, calcium oxide, sodium hypochlorite, the quality of attapulgite, sepiolite and wlkeite Than for 1:2:0.4:5:6:3.After addition, it is sufficiently stirred for using large-scale mixer, be allowed to mix completely Close uniformly, then place 3 days.Afterwards, the Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration before and after conventionally carrying out is surveyed Examination, test result is as follows:

Type Zinc Copper Lead Chromium Pick Before stabilisation (mg/kg) 2963 1129 2392 1238 93 After stabilisation (mg/kg) 231 96 104 114 32

Wherein, described ferrous salt is selected from any one of frerrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate or appoints The multiple mixtures of meaning.Described apatite is asparagolite, fluor-apatite, wlkeite or chlorine phosphorus Any one or arbitrarily multiple mixtures of lime stone.

2) above-mentioned prepared heavy metal stabilization mud is entered by weight 4:1 with agricultural organic waste Row mixing, added agricultural organic waste can be remaining stalk, straw slag, husk after the results of rural area Or animal wastes etc., the c/n making mud mixture is 26～33, ph value 6.0～7.5, and moisture content is 60%～70%.

3), after then mud mixture and thermophilic actinomycete, aerobic bacteria stirring, sent with forklift Build heap to heap hopper, then application forced ventilation makes windrow keep certain oxygen concentration, is thermophilic actinomycete Create fast-growth condition, aerobic bacteria reproductive process decomposing organic matter simultaneously releases energy and so that windrow is constantly heated up, And making windrow keep 60 ± 5 DEG C under ventilation condition, hot fermentation about 7～10 days, is aerobic microbiological Create favourable growth conditions, so that the organic flocculants such as the poly- third phthalein amine of mud mixture is decomposed by the microorganisms, Losing viscosity, thus improving the physical behavior of mud, being conducive to plant growth.Meanwhile, protect within 7～10 days Hold 60 ± 5 DEG C of material high temperature, also favorably kill pathogen and disease pest ovum in mud, realize health harmless Change.

4) mud mixture after high-temperature process is delivered to arable land, stacking 50～60cm about, in mud The enrichment crop of heavy metal is planted on mud mixture, until content of beary metal is down to the quality of organic fertilizer After standard, as organic fertilizer production raw material utilize, described heavy metal accumulation crop be vetiver, ciliate desert-grass, Squama sedge or Indian mustard.

In sum, the production technology of the present invention has convenient enforcement, can effectively stabilize in mud Harmful heavy metal, thus the stabilisation that have effectively achieved heavy metal seals the environment it is achieved that good up for safekeeping Protection.

Above are only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention be not limited thereto, All changes that using this design, the present invention is carried out with unsubstantiality, all should belong to the infringement scope of the present invention Behavior.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, minimizing processing method it is characterised in that: by following step Suddenly carry out: in mud, 1) add ferrous salt, calcium oxide, sodium hypochlorite, attapulgite, Hai Pao Stone and apatite, and stir, obtain heavy metal stabilization mud, and heavy metal stabilization is dirty Mud is placed 2～4 days；2) 3～5 parts of heavy metal stabilization mud and 1 part of agricultural organic waste are taken Mixing by a certain percentage is so that the c/n of the mud mixture obtaining after both mixing is 27～33, ph Value=6.0～7.5, moisture content is 60%～70%；3) above-mentioned mud mixture is sufficiently stirred for all Even, and be sent to heap hopper with forklift and build heap；Then to forced ventilation in heap hopper, and aerobic Windrow temperature is made to be maintained at 60 ± 5 DEG C under fermentation condition, fermentation time keeps 7～10 days；4) will Mud mixture after high-temperature process is delivered in arable land, and stacking thickness is 50～60cm, mixes in mud Heavy metal accumulation crop is planted, until after heavy metal is absorbed by crops, its content is down to organic on compound After the quality standard of fertilizer, utilize as organic fertilizer production raw material.

2. a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing as claimed in claim 1, its Be characterised by: described ferrous salt be selected from any one of frerrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate or Arbitrarily multiple mixtures.

3. a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterised by: described ferrous salt, calcium oxide, sodium hypochlorite, attapulgite, sepiolite and apatite Mass ratio be 1:1～2:0.2～0.5:3～5:4～8:2～4.

4. a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterised by: described apatite is asparagolite, fluor-apatite, wlkeite or chlorapatite Any one or arbitrarily multiple mixtures.

5. a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterised by: described agricultural organic waste is stalk, straw slag, husk or animal wastes.

6. a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterised by: described heavy metal accumulation crop is vetiver, ciliate desert-grass, squama sedge or Indian mustard.

7. a kind of domestic sludge heavy metal stabilization, the processing method of minimizing as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterised by: the material order adding in described mud is followed successively by ferrous salt, sodium hypochlorite, concave convex rod Stone, sepiolite, apatite and calcium oxide.