CN113098241B - Closed-loop active driving circuit, driving method and switching power supply - Google Patents
Closed-loop active driving circuit, driving method and switching power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN113098241B CN113098241B CN202110391553.4A CN202110391553A CN113098241B CN 113098241 B CN113098241 B CN 113098241B CN 202110391553 A CN202110391553 A CN 202110391553A CN 113098241 B CN113098241 B CN 113098241B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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Abstract
The invention discloses a closed-loop active driving circuit, a driving method and a switching power supply, wherein the circuit comprises: the main control unit is used for acquiring the steady-state values of the direct-current bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switch tube, generating a driving signal and calculating the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources; the slave control unit is used for generating control signals of the two controllable current sources according to the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources and the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal and outputting the control signals to the driving circuit; the driving circuit comprises a driving input end, a first control input end, a second control input end and a driving output end, is used for receiving the driving signal output by the main control unit and the control signals of the two controllable current sources output by the slave control unit, and outputs the driving signal to the power switch tube within a selected time period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switch tube control, in particular to a closed-loop active driving circuit, a driving method and a switch power supply for driving a power switch tube.
Background
The existing switch tube driving circuit comprises a main controller, an isolation driver and an amplifying circuit, wherein a PWM signal of a switch tube of a main power loop is generated by the main controller, and the PWM signal is output to a gate pole of a power switch tube through the isolation driver and the amplifying circuit. The method can not control the driving speed of each stage of the switching process of the switching tube, and for high-speed switching chips such as SiC and GaN, the driving signal can cause large voltage overshoot and current overshoot in the switching process of the switching tube. In order to cope with the overshoot, the conventional method is to increase the driving resistance of the gate loop in the driving circuit, but the increase of the gate resistance significantly increases the switching tube loss.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a closed-loop active driving circuit, a driving method and a switching power supply for driving a power switching tube.
A first aspect of the invention provides a closed loop active drive circuit, the drive circuit comprising:
the main control unit is used for acquiring the steady-state values of the direct-current bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switch tube, generating a driving signal, outputting the driving signal to the driving circuit, calculating the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources, and outputting the obtained on-off time information to the slave control unit;
the slave control unit is used for receiving the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources output by the master control unit, acquiring the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal, generating control signals of the two controllable current sources according to the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources and the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal, and outputting the control signals to the driving circuit;
the driving circuit comprises a driving input end, a first control input end, a second control input end and a driving output end, and the driving input end of the driving circuit is connected with the output end of the main control unit and used for receiving a driving signal output by the main control unit; and the driving output end of the amplifying circuit is connected with the power switch tube and is used for outputting a driving signal to the power switch tube within a selected time period.
The amplifying circuit is also connected with two current sources in parallel, and certain links in the gate charging and discharging process can be selectively slowed down according to the current working voltage and current of the power switch tube, so that the voltage and current overshoot in the switching process is reduced, the loss of the power switch tube is not obviously increased, the driving speed of the power switch tube is controlled, and the optimization target of the power switch tube is optimized. The control input ends of the two current sources are respectively connected with the slave control unit and used for receiving the control signals of the two controllable current sources output by the slave control unit.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a closed-loop active driving method, which is implemented based on the closed-loop active driving circuit as described above, and which includes the following steps:
the master control unit collects the steady-state values of the direct-current bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switch tube, generates a driving signal, outputs the driving signal to the driving circuit through the isolation driving unit, calculates the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources at the same time, and outputs the obtained on-off time information to the slave control unit through the isolation communication unit;
the slave control unit receives the on-off time information output by the master control unit, collects the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal, generates control signals of the two controllable current sources according to the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources and the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal, and outputs the control signals to the driving circuit;
and the driving circuit receives the driving signal output by the main control unit and the control signals of the two controllable current sources output by the slave control unit and outputs the driving signal to the power switch tube in a selected time period.
A third aspect of the invention provides a switching power supply comprising a closed loop active drive circuit as described above.
According to the closed-loop active driving circuit and the driving method, the two current sources are connected in parallel on the driving circuit, and certain links in the gate charging and discharging process can be selectively slowed down according to the current working voltage and current of the power switching tube, so that the overshoot of the voltage and the current in the switching process is reduced, the loss of the power switching tube is not obviously increased, the driving speed of the power switching tube is controlled, and the optimization target of optimizing the power switching tube is realized.
Drawings
For purposes of illustration and not limitation, the present invention will now be described in accordance with its preferred embodiments, particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop active driving circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram corresponding to a signal for controlling a current source;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the closed-loop active driving method disclosed in the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than a complete embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example one
In the conventional power switch tube driving circuit, a control signal of a switch tube is a square wave voltage signal Vg. In the switching process, Vg charges and discharges the gate electrode capacitor of the switching tube to obtain the corresponding gate electrode voltage VGS. For high speed switching chips such as SiC and GaN, the switching process is very fast, resulting in large voltage and current overshoots. If this overshoot is to be reduced, the conventional method can only increase the drive resistance of the gate loop, but increasing the gate resistance can significantly increase the switching losses.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop active driving circuit for driving a power switching tube according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The rightmost side in fig. 1 is a power switch bridge arm, which comprises an upper power switch tube and a lower power switch tube. The control circuits of the two power switching tubes are the same, and the following description will be given only by way of example of the power switching tubes.
The closed-loop active driving circuit 100 comprises a main control unit 101, an isolation driving unit 102, an isolation communication unit 103, a slave control unit 104 and a driving circuit 105, wherein two controllable current sources A are added in the driving circuit 105IAnd AOThe current source A is generated by the master control unit 101, the isolation communication unit 103 and the slave control unit 104IAnd AOThereby realizing the control of the switch tube.
Wherein, the input end of the main control unit 101 is connected with a power switch tube Q1The output end of the main power loop is respectively connected with the isolation driving unit 102 and the isolation communication unit 103 and used for collecting the power switch tube Q1Generates a PWM driving signal and outputs the PWM driving signal to the isolation driving unit 102, and calculates two controllable current sources a in the driving circuit 105IAnd AOAnd will drive two controllable current sources a in circuit 105IAnd AOThe on/off time information of (a) is output to the isolated communication unit 103.
The input end of the isolation driving unit 102 is connected to the main control unit 101, and the output end is connected to the driving circuit 105, and is configured to receive the PWM driving signal output by the main control unit 101, electrically isolate the PWM driving signal, and convert the PWM driving signal into a driving voltage signal VgAnd outputs a driving voltage signal VgTo the drive circuit 105.
Wherein, the input end of the isolation communication unit 103 is connected with the main control unit 101, the output end is connected with the slave control unit 104, and the two controllable current sources A in the driving circuit 105 for receiving the output of the main control unit 101IAnd AOAnd transmitted to the slave control unit 104.
Wherein, the input end of the slave control unit 104 is respectively connected with the isolation driving unit 102 and the isolation communication unit 103, the output end is connected with the driving circuit 105, and the slave control unit is used for receiving two controllable current sources A in the driving circuit 105 transmitted by the isolation communication unit 103IAnd AOAnd collects the driving voltage signal V output by the isolation driving unit 102gAccording to two controllable current sources AIAnd AOOn-off time information and driving voltage signal VgGenerates two controllable current sources a in the driving circuit 105IAnd AOControl signal v ofg_AIAnd vg_AOAnd transmitted to the driving circuits 105, respectively.
The driving circuit 105 includes a driving input terminal, a first control input terminal, a second control input terminal, and a driving output terminal, the driving input terminal of the driving circuit 105 is connected to the isolation driving unit 102, and is configured to receive the driving voltage signal V output by the isolation driving unit 102gA first control input terminal and a second control input terminal of the driving circuit 105 are respectively connected with the slave control unit 104, and are used for receiving two controllable current sources a output by the slave control unit 104IAnd AOControl signal v ofg_AIAnd vg_AOControlling two controllable current sources AIAnd AO(ii) a The driving output end of the driving circuit 105 is connected with the power switch tube Q1For outputting a drive current signal i during a selected time periodgPower supply switch tube Q1Realize the power switch tube Q1The on-off control of (2).
In the closed-loop active driving circuit, two controllable current sources a are added to the driving circuit 105IAnd AOThe main control unit 101 collects the bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switch tube to calculate two controllable current sources AIAnd AOAnd turning on and off the two controllable current sources AIAnd AOThe on-off time information of the current source is transmitted to the slave control unit 104 through the isolation communication unit 103, and the slave control unit 104 receives two controllable current sources AIAnd AOBy collecting the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving voltage output by the isolation driving unit 103, two controllable current sources a are generatedIAnd AOAnd the control signal is output to the driving circuit 105, and the switching process of the power switching tube is controlled by the driving circuit 105.
In the present embodiment, the power switch tube is collected by the main control unit 101The main control unit 101 not only outputs the PWM driving signal of the power switch tube, but also calculates two controllable current sources A by outputting the PWM driving signal to the power switch tube through the isolation driving unit 102 and the driving circuit 105IAnd AOAnd the on-off time information of the current source is transmitted to the slave control unit 104 through the isolation communication unit 103, so that the slave control unit 104 can generate control signals of the two current sources, and thus, a time period can be selected to slow down the switching process of the power switch tube, thereby reducing the voltage and current overshoot of the switching process without obviously increasing the loss of the power switch tube.
Wherein, two controllable current sources AIAnd AOThe on-off time information of (A) includesIOn delay of a period and pulse width b period, AOA turn-on delay c period and a pulse width d period.
In one embodiment, the main control unit 101 employs a main controller, and the main controller samples the bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switching tube through a sensor to calculate two controllable current sources aIAnd AOAnd transmitting the on-off time information of the two current sources to the slave control unit.
In one embodiment, the isolation driving unit 102 employs an isolation driver, and the isolation driver electrically isolates the driving signal generated by the main controller and outputs the driving signal to the driving circuit 105.
In this embodiment, the slave unit 104 is a slave controller, which receives two controllable current sources aIAnd AOAnd sampling the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving voltage to generate two controllable current sources AIAnd AOOf the two controllable current sources AIAnd AOThe control signal of (2) corresponds to a waveform as shown in FIG. 2, wherein VgTo the driving voltage, vGSFor the gate-source voltage, v, of the corresponding power switch tubeg_AIFor controlling the current source AIV is a signal ofg_AOFor controlling the current source AOOf the signal of (1).
In the present embodiment, the driving circuit 105 includes a first driving output circuit, a second driving output circuit, a first controllable circuit, and a second controllable circuit.
Wherein, the input end of the first driving output circuit is connected to the output end of the isolation driving unit 102, and the output end of the first driving output circuit is connected to the power switch tube for receiving the driving voltage signal V output by the isolation driving unit 102gAnd for the received driving voltage signal VgConverting to output a drive current signal igAnd controlling the power switch tube to be switched on.
The first drive output circuit comprises a first resistor R1A first switch tube QNAnd a third resistor R3First resistance R1Is connected with the output end of the isolation driving unit 102, and the other end is connected with the first switching tube QNBase electrode of, first switching tube QNThe collector of the first switch tube Q is connected with a power supplyNIs connected with a third resistor R3One terminal of (1), a third resistor R3The other end of the switch is connected with a power switch tube Q1Sequentially passes through a first resistor R1A first switch tube QNAnd a third resistor R3Driving voltage signal VgConversion into a drive current signal igAnd output to the power switch tube Q1。
Wherein, one end of the first controllable circuit is connected to the output end of the first driving output circuit, the other end is connected to the output end of the first driving output circuit, the control end is connected to the first output end of the slave control unit 104, and is used for receiving the control first current source a output from the slave control unit 104ITo reduce the drive current output by the first drive output circuit during the selected time period.
The first controllable circuit comprises a first current source AIA first current source AIOne end of the first resistor is connected with a third resistor R in the first drive output circuit3The other end is also grounded, and the control end is connected with the output end of the slave control unit 104. A first current source AIIs turned on under the control of the control signal output from the control unit 104 to reduce the first driving output circuit at a selected timeAnd the driving current is output to the power switch tube in the section.
The input end of the second driving output circuit is connected to the output end of the isolation driving unit 102, and the output end of the second driving output circuit is connected to the power switch tube for receiving the driving voltage signal V output by the isolation driving unit 102gAnd for the received driving voltage signal VgConverting to output a drive current signal igAnd controlling the power switch tube to be switched on.
The second drive output circuit comprises a second resistor R2A second switch tube QpAnd a fourth resistor R4A second resistance R2Is connected to the output terminal of the isolation driving unit 102, and a second resistor R2The other end of the first switch tube Q is connected with a second switch tube QpBase electrode of, the second switching tube QpThe collector of the first switch tube Q is connected with a power supplypIs connected with a fourth resistor R4One terminal of (1), a fourth resistor R4The other end of the switch is connected with a power switch tube Q1Sequentially passes through a second resistor R2A second switch tube QpAnd a fourth resistor R4Driving voltage signal VgConversion into a drive current signal igAnd output to the power switch tube Q1。
Wherein, one end of the second controllable circuit is connected to the output end of the second driving output circuit, the other end is connected to the power supply VCC, the control end is connected to the output end of the slave control unit 104, and is used for receiving the control second current source a output by the slave control unit 104oTo reduce the drive current output by the second drive output circuit during the selected time period.
The second controllable circuit comprises a second current source AoA second current source AoOne end of the first resistor is connected with a fourth resistor R in the second drive output circuit4The other end of the output terminal is connected to the power source VCC, and the control terminal is connected to the second output terminal of the slave control unit 104. A second current source AoThe second driving output circuit is controlled to be turned on by the control signal output from the control unit 104 to control the second driving output circuit to reduce the output driving current to the power switch tube in the selected time period.
In this embodimentIn the first resistor R1And a second resistor R2Respectively a filter resistor and a third resistor R3And a third resistor R4Respectively output resistors.
The application adds A to the drive circuitIAnd AoThe two controllable current sources can select a time period to slow down the switching process of the power switch tube, so that the voltage and current overshoot of the switching process is reduced, and the loss of the power switch tube is not obviously increased. In this embodiment, the first switch tube QNAnd a second switching tube QpRespectively, an NPN type triode.
In the embodiment, the power switch tube may be a SiC MOSFET, a MOS switch tube, or a Si IGBT.
According to the closed-loop active driving circuit, the two current sources are connected in parallel on the driving circuit, and certain links in the gate charging and discharging process can be selectively slowed down according to the current working voltage and current of the power switch tube, so that the overshoot of the voltage and the current in the switching process is reduced, the loss of the power switch tube is not obviously increased, the driving speed of the power switch tube is controlled, and the optimization target of optimizing the power switch tube is realized.
The closed-loop active driving circuit can select the time period to slow down the switching process of the power switching tube according to the current working voltage and current of the power switching tube, thereby reducing the voltage and current overshoot of the switching process and simultaneously not obviously increasing the loss of the power switching tube.
Example two
Fig. 3 is a closed-loop active driving method for driving a power switching tube, which is disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application. The driving method is realized based on the closed-loop active circuit. The driving method includes the steps of:
s1, main control unit 101 collection power switch tube Q1Generates a PWM driving signal and outputs the PWM driving signal to the isolation driving unit 102, and calculates two controllable current sources a in the driving circuit 105IAnd AOAnd will drive two controllable current sources a in circuit 105IAnd AOOn and off ofThe inter information is output to the isolated communication unit 103.
S2, the isolation driving unit 102 receives the PWM driving signal outputted from the main control unit 101, electrically isolates the PWM driving signal, and converts the PWM driving signal into a driving voltage signal VgAnd outputs a driving voltage signal VgTo the drive circuit 105.
S3, isolating the two controllable current sources A in the driving circuit 105 of which the communication unit 103 receives the output of the main control unit 101IAnd AOAnd transmitted to the slave control unit 104.
S4, receiving two controllable current sources A in the driving circuit 105 transmitted by the isolation communication unit 103 from the control unit 104IAnd AOAnd collects the driving voltage signal V output by the isolation driving unit 102gAccording to two controllable current sources AIAnd AOOn-off time information and driving voltage signal V ofgGenerates two controllable current sources a in the driving circuit 105IAnd AOControl signal v ofg_AIAnd vg_AOAnd transmitted to the driving circuits 105, respectively.
S5, the driving circuit 105 receives two controllable current sources A output from the control unit 104IAnd AOControl signal v ofg_AIAnd vg_AOControlling two controllable current sources AIAnd AOAnd outputs a driving current signal i in a selected time periodgPower supply switch tube Q1Realize the power switch tube Q1The on-off control of (2).
In the closed-loop active driving method, the bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switching tube are collected by the main control unit 101, and two controllable current sources A are calculatedIAnd AOAnd turning on and off the two controllable current sources AIAnd AOThe on-off time information of the current source is transmitted to the slave control unit 104 through the isolation communication unit 103, and the slave control unit 104 receives two controllable current sources AIAnd AOBy collecting the driving output from the isolation driving unit 103Rising and falling edges of the voltage, generating two controllable current sources AIAnd AOAnd outputs the control signal to the driving circuit 105, and the driving circuit 105 controls the switching of the power switching tube in a selected time period.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides a switching power supply, which includes the closed-loop active driving circuit as described above, and drives a power switch tube through the closed-loop active driving circuit.
For the closed-loop active driving circuit, please refer to the above embodiments, and the details are not repeated in this application again.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can occur, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A closed loop active drive circuit, comprising:
the main control unit is used for acquiring the steady-state values of the direct-current bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switch tube, generating a driving signal and calculating the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources;
the isolation driving unit is used for receiving the driving signal output by the main control unit, electrically isolating the driving signal and outputting a driving voltage signal to the driving circuit;
the isolation communication unit is used for transmitting the on-off time information output by the master control unit to the slave control unit;
the slave control unit is used for receiving the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources transmitted by the isolation communication unit, acquiring the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal output by the isolation driving unit, generating control signals of the two controllable current sources according to the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources and the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal, and outputting the control signals to the driving circuit;
the driving circuit comprises a driving input end, a first control input end, a second control input end and a driving output end, wherein the driving input end of the driving circuit is connected with the isolation driving unit and used for receiving a driving voltage signal output by the isolation driving unit; the first control input end and the second control input end of the driving circuit are respectively connected with the slave control unit and used for receiving control signals of the two controllable current sources output by the slave control unit; the driving output end of the driving circuit is connected with the power switch tube and is used for controlling the on and off of the power switch tube; the driving circuit is used for controlling the two controllable current sources according to the control signals of the two controllable current sources and outputting driving current signals to the power switch tube in a selected time period so as to realize the on-off control of the power switch tube.
2. The closed-loop active driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the on-off time information calculated by the main control unit comprises on-delay time periods and pulse width time periods of the two controllable current sources.
3. The closed-loop active drive circuit of claim 1, wherein the drive circuit comprises a first drive output circuit, a second drive output circuit, a first controllable circuit, and a second controllable circuit;
the input end of the first driving output circuit is connected with the output end of the isolation driving unit, and the output end of the first driving output circuit is connected with the power switch tube and used for outputting a driving current signal to control the power switch tube to be switched on;
one end of the first controllable circuit is connected with the output end of the first driving output circuit, the other end of the first controllable circuit is connected with the ground, the control end of the first controllable circuit is connected with the first output end of the slave control unit and used for receiving the control signal output by the slave control unit and controlling the driving current output by the first driving output circuit in a selected time period;
the input end of the second driving output circuit is connected with the output end of the isolation driving unit, and the output end of the second driving output circuit is connected with the power switch tube and used for outputting a driving current signal to control the turn-off of the power switch tube;
one end of the second controllable circuit is connected with the output end of the second driving output circuit, the other end of the second controllable circuit is connected with a power supply VCC, and the control end of the second controllable circuit is connected with the second output end of the slave control unit and used for receiving the control signal output by the slave control unit and controlling the driving current output by the second driving output circuit in a selected time period.
4. The closed loop active drive circuit of claim 3, wherein the first drive output circuit and the second drive output circuit respectively comprise an input resistor, a switch tube and an output resistor, one end of the input resistor is connected to the output end of the isolation drive unit, the other end of the input resistor is connected to the base of the switch tube, the emitter of the switch tube is connected to one end of the output resistor, and the other end of the output resistor is connected to the power switch tube.
5. The closed-loop active drive circuit of claim 4, wherein the first controllable circuit and the second controllable circuit each comprise a controllable current source connected to an output resistor and a slave unit, respectively.
6. A closed-loop active driving method, which is implemented based on the closed-loop active driving circuit of any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the master control unit collects the steady-state values of the direct-current bus voltage and the inductive current of the power switch tube, generates a driving signal, outputs the driving signal to the driving circuit through the isolation driving unit, calculates the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources at the same time, and outputs the obtained on-off time information to the slave control unit through the isolation communication unit;
the slave control unit receives the on-off time information output by the master control unit, collects the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal, generates control signals of the two controllable current sources according to the on-off time information of the two controllable current sources and the rising edge and the falling edge of the driving signal, and outputs the control signals to the driving circuit;
the driving circuit receives the driving signal output by the main control unit and the control signals of the two controllable current sources output by the slave control unit, and outputs the driving signal to the power switch tube in a selected time period.
7. A switching power supply comprising a closed loop active drive circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
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