CN113097726B - Dual-frequency dual-circular polarization microstrip antenna - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microstrip antennas, and discloses a dual-frequency dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna which comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch, a feed point, a metal floor, a first resonator and a second resonator, wherein the radiation patch and the metal floor are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch is a rectangular patch, the feed point is positioned on a diagonal line of the radiation patch, the first resonator and the second resonator are positioned outside the radiation patch and are respectively positioned on two adjacent sides of the radiation patch, the centers of the first resonator and the radiation patch are positioned on the same straight line, the centers of the second resonator and the radiation patch are not equal to each other, the resonant frequencies of the first resonator and the second resonator are similar to each other, the antenna can work in two frequency bands and has dual circular polarization, and has the advantages of low profile, low cost, simplicity in manufacture and the like, and the isolation degree of the two frequency bands is high, and the impedance characteristic is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microstrip antennas, in particular to a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization microstrip antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication systems, in order to meet better communication quality and higher communication capacity, circular polarization and dual-frequency or multi-frequency technologies have become research hotspots in the antenna field in recent years, and a combination of circular polarization and multi-frequency technologies has become a research and design trend. The microstrip antenna has the advantages of being convenient to obtain circular polarization, easy to realize dual-band and dual-polarization and the like. Although the most common polarization mode for wireless communication is still linear polarization, the circularly polarized wave has many advantages of anti-interference, anti-rain-fog, anti-attenuation, etc., so that the circularly polarized antenna becomes a new development trend and research hotspot. How to combine circular polarization and dual-band or multi-band into a microstrip antenna has also become a popular research field in recent years. Currently, circularly polarized antennas are widely used in various fields, such as satellite navigation, satellite communication, and the like. In these fields, application and innovation of circularly polarized antennas are indispensable. In addition, with the rapid increase of wireless communication users, the communication system is also continuously updated with the capacity, which puts higher requirements on the design of the antenna. In order to further reduce interference and meet the requirements of various fields on antennas, it is necessary to design an antenna capable of implementing dual-band dual-circular polarization, which means that the circular polarization directions of the antenna in two operating frequency bands are opposite. Compared with a multi-feed dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized antenna, the single-feed dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized antenna is more popular.
At present, there are two main methods for realizing a single-feed dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized antenna, one is a stacking method, but this method usually introduces multiple media and multiple air layers, and is inconvenient to process. Another method is to use a slot method, which can greatly reduce the size of the antenna, but has negative effects of narrowing the impedance bandwidth, deteriorating the high-frequency pattern, and reducing the gain.
Chinese utility model patent CN211957920U (the publication date is 2020, 11, 17) discloses a receiving and dispatching integrative dual-band double-circular polarization single-feed antenna, include the upper antenna includes upper radiation paster, upper medium and upper strata layer and from the top sets gradually into the upper radiation paster the upper medium with upper strata layer, lower floor's antenna are located the below of upper antenna and with the upper antenna is hugged closely, the antenna of lower floor includes lower floor's radiation paster, lower floor's medium and lower floor's ground plane. This patent adopts upper radiation paster, upper medium, upper strata stratum, lower floor radiation paster, lower floor medium and lower floor ground plane from top to bottom set gradually and form upper antenna and lower floor antenna, what adopt is the mode that the multilayer overlaps, the section is high, the input impedance characteristic of antenna will be obviously changed to the clearance that exists between the medium, the impedance characteristic of clearance is great when especially high frequency, and require highly to the bonding material between the stromatolite, if bonding material is lossy and lie in the narrow slit next door, then will reduce the efficiency of antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization microstrip antenna which has the advantages of small impedance characteristic, low profile, simple processing and stable directional diagram.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna, including a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch, a feeding point, a metal floor, a first resonator and a second resonator, where the radiation patch and the metal floor are respectively located on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch is a rectangular patch, the feeding point is located on a diagonal line of the radiation patch, the first resonator and the second resonator are located outside the radiation patch and respectively located on two adjacent sides of the radiation patch, the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) are not connected to the radiation patch (2), centers of the first resonator and the radiation patch are located on the same straight line, centers of the second resonator and the radiation patch are located on the same straight line, resonance frequencies of the first resonator and the second resonator are not equal, and a difference between the resonance frequencies of the first resonator and the second resonator is within 20% of the resonance frequency of the first resonator or the second resonator; the first resonator and the second resonator are coupled to the radiating patch to generate a radiating null.
Preferably, the radiation patch is square.
Preferably, the antenna further comprises a third resonator and a fourth resonator, the third resonator and the first resonator have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged about the center of the radiation patch, and the fourth resonator and the second resonator have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged about the center of the radiation patch.
Preferably, the first resonator and the second resonator are patch resonators.
Preferably, the first resonator and the second resonator are meander line resonators, and the lengths of the meander lines of the first resonator and the second resonator are not equal.
Preferably, each of the first resonator and the second resonator includes a first parallel section, a second parallel section, a third parallel section, a fourth parallel section, and a fifth parallel section parallel to a side of the radiation patch, the first parallel section is shorter than the second parallel section, the third parallel section, and the fifth parallel section have equal lengths, the fourth parallel section is shorter than the first parallel section, two ends of the second parallel section are respectively connected to two ends of the first parallel section and the third parallel section through a first vertical section perpendicular thereto, and two ends of the fourth parallel section are respectively connected to one end of the third parallel section and a midpoint of the fifth parallel section through a second vertical section perpendicular thereto.
Preferably, the feeding points are disposed near both ends of a diagonal line of the radiation patch.
Preferably, the metal floor board further comprises a feeding probe, the feeding probe comprises an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor is hollow, the inner conductor is arranged in the outer conductor in a penetrating mode, one end of the inner conductor penetrates through the dielectric substrate and is connected with the feeding point, and the outer conductor is connected with the metal floor board.
Preferably, a distance between the first resonator and the radiation patch is not equal to a distance between the second resonator and the radiation patch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the feed point of the invention is positioned on the diagonal line of the rectangular radiation patch, so that two orthogonal modes TM of the radiation patch 01 And TM 10 The modes are excited simultaneously, a first resonator and a second resonator which have similar resonant frequency to the rectangular radiation patch are arranged in the length direction and the width direction of the rectangular radiation patch, the first resonator and the second resonator are respectively coupled with the radiation patch, so that two pairs of resonant modes are respectively arranged in two orthogonal directions, and the resonators can be adjustedThe coupling with the radiation patch enables two pairs of resonance modes in two orthogonal directions to be located at two close frequency bands, so that a small frequency ratio is achieved, and the even mode of the resonator is utilized, the resonator is coupled with the radiation patch to generate a radiation zero point, so that the isolation of the two frequency bands is improved, and the interference between the two frequency bands is reduced. In addition, the first resonator and the second resonator are arranged in an orthogonal mode, two different resonant modes are added, the phase difference is 90 degrees or 270 degrees, so that the two orthogonal resonant modes in each frequency band form circularly polarized radiation with different polarizations, and double circular polarization is realized. The invention only has three layers of the radiation patch, the medium substrate and the metal floor without slotting, and has simple structure, low section, small impedance characteristic and stable directional diagram.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a dual-band dual-circular polarization microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the input reflection coefficient of the dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the directly-above axial ratio response of the dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to the embodiment of the invention along with the frequency change.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the direct upward gain response of the dual-band dual-circular polarization microstrip antenna according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 1-dielectric substrate; 2-radiation patch; 3-a feeding point; 4-metal floor; 5-a first resonator; 6-a second resonator; 7-a third resonator; 8-a fourth resonator; 9-feed probe; 901-an outer conductor; 902-inner conductor.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred apparatus or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a dielectric substrate 1, a radiation patch 2, a feed point 3, a metal floor 4, a first resonator 5 and a second resonator 6, where the radiation patch 2 and the metal floor 4 are respectively located on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1, the radiation patch 2 is a rectangular patch, the feed point 3 is located on a diagonal line of the radiation patch 2, the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are located outside the radiation patch 2 and on two adjacent sides of the radiation patch 2, respectively, the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are not connected to the radiation patch 2, centers of the first resonator 5 and the radiation patch 2 are located on the same straight line, centers of the second resonator 6 and the radiation patch 2 are located on the same straight line, resonance frequencies of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are not equal, resonance frequencies of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 and the radiation patch 2 are close to each other, and a difference between resonance frequencies of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 is within 20% of the resonance frequency of the first resonator 5 or the second resonator 6; the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are coupled to the radiating patch 2 to generate a radiation zero. The feed point 3 of this embodiment is located on the diagonal of the rectangular radiation patch 2, so that two orthogonal modes TM01 and TM10 of the radiation patch 2 are excited at the same time, and the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6, which have similar resonant frequencies to those of the rectangular radiation patch 2, are arranged in the length and width directions of the rectangular radiation patch 2, the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are coupled to the radiation patch 2, so that two pairs of resonant modes are provided in the two orthogonal directions, respectively, and the two pairs of resonant modes in the two orthogonal directions are located in two similar frequency bands by adjusting the coupling between the resonators and the radiation patch 2, so as to realize a small frequency ratio, and by using the even mode of the resonators, the resonators and the radiation patch 2 are coupled to generate a radiation zero point, so that the isolation between the two frequency bands is improved, and the interference between the two frequency bands is reduced. In addition, the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are arranged in an orthogonal mode, two different resonant modes are added, the phase difference is 90 degrees or 270 degrees, so that the two orthogonal resonant modes in each frequency band form circularly polarized radiation with different polarizations, and double circular polarization is realized. In the embodiment, only the radiation patch 2, the dielectric substrate 1 and the metal floor 4 are arranged in three layers without slotting, so that the structure is simple, the section is low, the impedance characteristic is small, and the directional diagram is stable.
In the present embodiment, the radiation patch 2 is a square, and the radiation patch 2 is a metal patch. The microstrip antenna of the present embodiment further includes a third resonator 7 and a fourth resonator 8, the third resonator 7 and the first resonator 5 having the same structure and being symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the radiation patch 2, and the fourth resonator 8 and the second resonator 6 having the same structure and being symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the radiation patch 2. The third resonator 7 and the first resonator 5, and the fourth resonator 8 and the second resonator 6 are distributed in a central symmetry mode, and cross polarization of the antenna can be reduced. Moreover, the first resonator 5, the third resonator 7 and the radiation patch 2 form an even-symmetric excitation mode, and the second resonator 6, the fourth resonator 8 and the radiation patch 2 also form an even-symmetric excitation mode, so that parasitic radiation of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 is cancelled, and a directional diagram of the antenna is more stable.
The first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 of the present embodiment are patch resonators, which are convenient for connection to the dielectric substrate 1 and can further reduce the profile height. The first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are broken line resonators, and the lengths of the broken lines of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are not equal, so that the resonant frequencies of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are different. The first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are in a zigzag shape, so that parasitic radiation of the resonators can be reduced. Further, each of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 includes a first parallel section, a second parallel section, a third parallel section, a fourth parallel section, and a fifth parallel section parallel to the side of the radiation patch 2, the first parallel section is shorter than the second parallel section, the third parallel section, and the fifth parallel section have the same length, the fourth parallel section is shorter than the first parallel section, both ends of the second parallel section are respectively connected to both ends of the first parallel section and the third parallel section through a first vertical section perpendicular thereto, and both ends of the fourth parallel section are respectively connected to one end of the third parallel section and a midpoint of the fifth parallel section through a second vertical section perpendicular thereto. Alternatively, the resonance frequencies of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are different within 20% of the resonance frequency of the first resonator 5 or the second resonator 6, so that the resonance frequencies of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are close. The resonant frequencies of the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 of the present embodiment are within 20% of the resonant frequency of the radiation patch 2 from the resonant frequency of the radiation patch 2.
Further, the feeding point 3 of the present embodiment is provided near both ends of the diagonal line of the radiation patch 2. The feeding point 2 ensures symmetric excitation on the diagonal of the radiating patch 2, and simultaneously excites two orthogonal modes TM01 and TM10 of the antenna. The feed point 3 is moved along the diagonal of the radiation patch 2, the input matching can be adjusted, and the end of the feed point 3 close to the diagonal of the radiation patch 2 can be well input matched.
The antenna of the embodiment further comprises a feeding probe 9, the feeding probe 9 comprises an outer conductor 901 and an inner conductor 902, the outer conductor 901 is hollow, the inner conductor 902 is arranged in the outer conductor 901 in a penetrating manner, one end of the inner conductor 902 penetrates through the dielectric substrate 1 to be connected with the feeding point 3, the outer conductor 901 is connected with the metal floor 4 to realize coaxial feeding, so that a feeding network is separated from a radiating part through a ground plane, and the characteristic enables the feeding probe to be optimized for each layer; and the feed mechanism is in direct contact with the antenna and most of the feed network is isolated from the radiating patch 2, thereby minimizing spurious radiation.
In addition, the distance between the first resonator 5 and the radiation patch 2 is not equal to the distance between the second resonator 6 and the radiation patch 2, so that the coupling distance between the first resonator 5 and the radiation patch 2 and the coupling distance between the second resonator 6 and the radiation patch 2 are not equal. The antenna of this embodiment works in two independent frequency bands, and the proportional relation of the central frequency point of two frequency bands is influenced by the resonant frequency of first resonator 5, second resonator 6, radiation paster 2 and mutual coupling interval, consequently, sets up the distance inequality of two resonators and radiation paster 2, can increase the control range of central frequency point.
As shown in fig. 4, the antenna is well matched in both 2.4 GHz and 2.68GHz bands, and the reflection coefficient is lower than-10 dB. It should be noted that the antenna is not limited to operate in the above two frequency bands, and the antenna may operate in other frequency bands by adjusting the radiation patch 2, the first resonator 5, and the second resonator 6 as needed.
As shown in fig. 5, the antenna realizes good circularly polarized radiation in both the 2.4 GHz and 2.68GHz bands, and the axial ratio is lower than 3dB.
As shown in fig. 6, it can be seen that the antenna is left-handed circularly polarized radiation at the low band of 2.4 GHz and right-handed circularly polarized radiation at the high band of 2.68 GHz. Therefore, the antenna realizes dual-frequency dual-circular polarization radiation. And moreover, a radiation zero point appears between the two frequency bands, so that the isolation of the two frequency bands is improved.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna, wherein a feeding point 3 is located on a diagonal line of a rectangular radiation patch 2, so that two orthogonal modes TM01 and TM10 of the radiation patch 2 are excited simultaneously, a first resonator 5 and a second resonator 6 having a resonant frequency close to the resonant frequency are disposed in the length and width directions of the rectangular radiation patch 2, the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are coupled to the radiation patch 2, so that two pairs of resonant modes are disposed in the two orthogonal directions, respectively, and the two pairs of resonant modes in the two orthogonal directions are located in two close frequency bands by adjusting the coupling between the resonators and the radiation patch 2, thereby achieving a small frequency ratio, and using the even mode of the resonators, the resonators are coupled to the radiation patch 2 to generate a radiation zero point, thereby improving the isolation between the two frequency bands and reducing the interference between the two frequency bands. In addition, the first resonator 5 and the second resonator 6 are arranged in an orthogonal mode, two different resonant modes are added, the phase difference is 90 degrees or 270 degrees, so that the two orthogonal resonant modes in each frequency band form circularly polarized radiation with different polarizations, and double circular polarization is realized. In the embodiment, only the radiation patch 2, the dielectric substrate 1 and the metal floor 4 are arranged in three layers without slotting, so that the structure is simple, the section is low, the impedance characteristic is small, and the directional diagram is stable.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A dual-frequency dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate (1), a radiation patch (2), a feeding point (3), a metal floor (4), a first resonator (5) and a second resonator (6), wherein the radiation patch (2) and the metal floor (4) are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1), the radiation patch (2) is a rectangular patch, the feeding point (3) is positioned on a diagonal line of the radiation patch (2), the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) are positioned outside the radiation patch (2) and respectively positioned on two adjacent sides of the radiation patch (2), the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) are not connected with the radiation patch (2), the centers of the first resonator (5) and the radiation patch (2) are positioned on the same straight line, the centers of the second resonator (6) and the radiation patch (2) are positioned on the same straight line, the difference between the resonant frequencies of the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) is within 20% of the resonant frequency of the second resonator (6); the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) are coupled to the radiating patch (2) to generate a radiation null.
2. The dual-band dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein said radiating patch (2) is square.
3. The dual-band dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a third resonator (7) and a fourth resonator (8), said third resonator (7) and said first resonator (5) having the same structure and being symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of said radiating patch (2), said fourth resonator (8) and said second resonator (6) having the same structure and being symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of said radiating patch (2).
4. The dual-band dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said first resonator (5) and said second resonator (6) are patch resonators.
5. The dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to claim 4, wherein the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) are meander-line resonators, the meander-line lengths of the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) being unequal.
6. The dual-band dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to claim 5, wherein each of the first resonator (5) and the second resonator (6) comprises a first parallel section, a second parallel section, a third parallel section, a fourth parallel section and a fifth parallel section parallel to the side of the radiation patch (2), the first parallel section is shorter than the second parallel section, the third parallel section and the fifth parallel section have the same length, the fourth parallel section is shorter than the first parallel section, both ends of the second parallel section are connected to both ends of the first parallel section and the third parallel section through a first vertical section perpendicular thereto, respectively, and both ends of the fourth parallel section are connected to one end of the third parallel section and a midpoint of the fifth parallel section through a second vertical section perpendicular thereto, respectively.
7. The dual-band dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein said feeding point (3) is located close to both ends of the diagonal of said radiating patch (2).
8. The dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a feeding probe (9), wherein the feeding probe (9) comprises an outer conductor (901) and an inner conductor (902), the outer conductor (901) is hollow inside, the inner conductor (902) is inserted into the outer conductor (901), one end of the inner conductor (902) passes through the dielectric substrate (1) and is connected to the feeding point (3), and the outer conductor (901) is connected to the metal floor (4).
9. The dual-band dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the first resonator (5) and the radiating patch (2) is not equal to the distance between the second resonator (6) and the radiating patch (2).
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| CN114865328A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-05 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Low-profile circularly polarized stealth phased-array antenna |
| CN117766989A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-03-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna unit, antenna array and communication device |
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| A Single-Layer Dual-Band Dual-Sense Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna Array With Small Frequency Ratio;Qiong-Sen Wu et al.;《IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation》;20211110;第2668-2675页 * |
| Dual-Band and Dual-Circularly Polarized Single-Layer Microstrip Array Based on Multiresonant Modes;Jin-Dong Zhang et al.;《IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation》;20170604;第1428-1433页 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113097726A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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