CN113089716A - Underground building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground building which comprises a top layer structure, a bottom layer structure, a supporting structure and a drainage structure, wherein the supporting structure comprises a first enclosure wall and a second enclosure wall, the first enclosure wall is enclosed at the peripheries of the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall is arranged between the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall is positioned in the first enclosure wall, and the second enclosure wall and the first enclosure wall are arranged at intervals to form a first gap; the drainage structure includes a drain pipe for draining the body of water in the first gap. The first gap can collect water bodies leaked by the first enclosure wall, water bodies leaked by the top layer structure and the like, and the water bodies can be discharged by the drain pipe; on one hand, the waterproof effect is realized, on the other hand, the water leakage is actively dredged, the anti-floating water head is greatly reduced after the water is drained, the underground water level is prevented from rising due to excessive convergence, and the normal underground water level is ensured; and a large number of measures are not needed to be taken to carry out anti-floating design, and the section of the integral structural member is optimized.

Description

Underground building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground construction engineering, in particular to an underground building.

Background

Because there is groundwater to flow scheduling problem in the underground space, consequently, underground structure (like underground station) usually need carry out water repellent to avoid groundwater infiltration to lead to underground structure to appear damaged, bring unpredictable's risk.

The traditional underground building usually adopts measures of taking 'passive water proofing' as a main measure, particularly takes concrete structure water proofing as a main measure and takes joint water proofing as an important measure, and assists a waterproof layer to strengthen water proofing. However, some underground buildings in China have water leakage conditions of different degrees; the influence on the condition of water leakage of public buildings such as subway stations is large, the problem of water leakage cannot be well solved due to passive water prevention, once the condition of water leakage occurs, the leakage stoppage maintenance not only can increase the operation cost of the subway, but also can generate adverse effect on the normal operation of the subway.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, there is a need to provide an underground building; this underground building passes through the setting in first clearance, can gather the water of seepage on the one hand, and on the other hand can discharge through the drain pipe again, realizes hydrophobic and waterproof combined effect, avoids the seepage to influence the normal operation of subway.

The technical scheme is as follows:

one embodiment provides an underground building comprising:

a top layer structure;

a substructure;

the supporting structure comprises a first enclosure wall and a second enclosure wall, the first enclosure wall is enclosed at the peripheries of the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall is arranged between the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall is positioned in the first enclosure wall, and the second enclosure wall and the first enclosure wall are arranged at intervals to form a first gap;

a drainage structure comprising a drain for draining the body of water in the first gap.

In the underground building, the first enclosure wall is equivalent to a diaphragm wall and is contacted with an underground outer side soil body, the second enclosure wall is positioned in the first enclosure wall, the inner side of the second enclosure wall forms a building utilization space, a first gap is formed between the outer side of the second enclosure wall and the inner side of the first enclosure wall in a matched mode, the first gap can collect water bodies leaked from the first enclosure wall and water bodies leaked from a top layer structure, and the water bodies can be discharged by the water discharge pipe; on one hand, the waterproof effect is realized, on the other hand, the water leakage is actively dredged, the anti-floating water head is greatly reduced after the water is drained, the underground water level is prevented from rising due to excessive convergence, and the normal underground water level is ensured; and a large number of measures are not needed to be taken to carry out anti-floating design, and the section of the integral structural member is optimized.

The technical solution is further explained below:

in one embodiment, the drainage structure further comprises a water collecting well, the water collecting well is positioned below the bottom layer structure, the position of the water collecting well corresponds to the position below the first gap, the water collecting well can gather the water in the first gap, and the lower end of the drainage pipe is positioned in the water collecting well and is used for draining the water in the water collecting well.

In one embodiment, at least two water collecting wells are arranged at intervals, and at least two water discharging pipes are arranged and correspond to the water collecting wells one by one;

the drain pipe is vertically established in the first clearance, drainage structure still includes the suction pump, the suction pump with the drain pipe intercommunication.

In one embodiment, the drainage structure further comprises a drainage ditch and a water filtering layer, wherein the drainage ditch is located below the bottom layer structure, the drainage ditch is higher than the bottom of the water collecting well, the drainage ditch is communicated with the water collecting well, and the water filtering layer is located between the bottom layer structure and the drainage ditch and used for filtering water entering the drainage ditch.

In one embodiment, the drainage structure further comprises a water stop steel plate, the water stop steel plate is longitudinally arranged in the second enclosure wall, and the water stop steel plate is arranged at the connecting position of the second enclosure wall and the bottom layer structure.

In one embodiment, the second enclosure wall includes a first prefabricated panel, a second prefabricated panel spaced apart from the first prefabricated panel, and a first filler interposed between the first prefabricated panel and the second prefabricated panel.

In one embodiment, the top layer structure comprises a ribbed composite slab and an overhead pipe gallery, wherein the overhead pipe gallery and the ribbed composite slab are both located underground, and the overhead pipe gallery is located above the ribbed composite slab.

In one embodiment, the substructure includes a floor panel connected to a lower end of the second enclosure wall;

the bottom plate comprises a cast-in-place layer, a prefabricated layer, a waterproof layer and a prefabricated cushion layer, wherein the waterproof layer is located between the cast-in-place layer and the prefabricated cushion layer.

In one embodiment, the support structure further includes a first middle precast panel positioned between the top and bottom constructions, and a first frame post for supporting the first middle precast panel.

In one embodiment, the support structure further comprises a second middle precast slab positioned between the first middle precast slab and the substructure, and a second frame pillar for supporting the second middle precast slab;

the upper end of the first enclosure wall is level with the ground, and the lower end of the first enclosure wall extends to the lower part of the bottom layer structure;

the underground building further comprises a prefabricated platform, wherein the prefabricated platform is arranged on the substructure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Furthermore, the drawings are not drawn to a 1:1 scale, and the relative sizes of the various elements in the drawings are drawn only by way of example, and not necessarily to true scale.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of an underground structure in one embodiment;

fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the overall structure of the second enclosure wall in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which:

110. a ribbed composite slab; 210. a base plate; 310. a drain pipe; 320. a water collecting well; 401. a first gap; 410. a first enclosure wall; 420. a second enclosure wall; 421. a first prefabricated panel; 422. a second prefabricated panel; 423. a first filler; 431. a first middle-layer prefabricated plate; 432. a first frame post; 441. a second middle layer prefabricated plate; 442. a second frame post; 510. prefabricating a platform; 520. and (5) prefabricating an air duct.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Referring to fig. 1, one embodiment provides a subterranean building including a roof structure, a substructure, a support structure, and a drainage structure. Wherein:

the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure are both located underground, the supporting structure is located between the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure to support and form a building utilization space (such as a subway station), and the drainage structure is used for draining underground water.

Referring to fig. 1, the supporting structure includes a first enclosure wall 410 and a second enclosure wall 420, the first enclosure wall 410 is enclosed around the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall 420 is arranged between the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall 420 is located in the first enclosure wall 410, and the second enclosure wall 420 and the first enclosure wall 410 are arranged at an interval to form a first gap 401.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first enclosure wall 410 may be a cast-in-place continuous wall, the outer side of the first enclosure wall 410 is closely attached to the underground soil, and there is a gap between the inner side of the first enclosure wall 410 and the outer side of the second enclosure wall 420 to form a first gap 401, and the first gap 401 is equivalent to a seepage channel and can collect the water leaked through the first enclosure wall 410 and the water leaked through the top structure and finally be discharged through the drainage pipe 310.

Alternatively, the width of the first gap 401 may be such that a person can pass through, for example, the width of the first gap 401 may be 0.6m to 1.5m, so that a person can perform maintenance or overhaul or perform corresponding construction, etc.

Referring to fig. 1, the drainage structure includes a drainage pipe 310, and the drainage pipe 310 is used for draining the water in the first gap 401.

Alternatively, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the drain 310 may be partially positioned within the first gap 401, with one end of the drain 310 being capable of directly or indirectly draining the body of water from the first gap 401.

In the underground building, the first enclosure wall 410 is equivalent to a diaphragm wall and is contacted with an underground outer side soil body, the second enclosure wall 420 is positioned in the first enclosure wall 410, a building utilization space is formed at the inner side of the second enclosure wall 420, a first gap 401 is formed between the outer side of the second enclosure wall 420 and the inner side of the first enclosure wall 410 in a matching manner, the first gap 401 can collect water bodies leaked from the first enclosure wall 410 and water bodies leaked from a top layer structure, and the water bodies can be discharged by the water discharge pipe 310; on one hand, the waterproof effect is realized, on the other hand, the water leakage is actively dredged, the anti-floating water head is greatly reduced after the water is drained, the underground water level is prevented from rising due to excessive convergence, and the normal underground water level is ensured; and no great measures are needed to be taken to carry out anti-floating design, and the section of the integral structural member is optimized; meanwhile, a recharge system can be established according to the abundance of underground water.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the drainage structure further includes a water collection well 320, the water collection well 320 is located below the substructure, and the position of the water collection well 320 corresponds to the lower position of the first gap 401, the water collection well 320 is capable of collecting the water in the first gap 401, and the lower end of the drainage pipe 310 is located in the water collection well 320 and is used for draining the water in the water collection well 320.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the water collecting well 320 is located below the first gap 401, and the water collecting well 320 can collect the leakage water in the first gap 401 and discharge the leakage water through the drainage pipe 310, so as to achieve the effect of actively dredging the leakage water.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the water collection well 320 is located under the substructure, and the water collection well 320 collects the leakage water and maintains a normal ground water level, and is discharged through the drainage pipe 310 to control the ground water level when the ground water level is excessively high.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, at least two water collecting wells 320 are provided and spaced apart from each other, and at least two water discharging pipes 310 are provided and correspond to the water collecting wells 320 one by one.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, it can be seen that there is one water collecting well 320 on each of the left and right sides in the cross-sectional view, and correspondingly, there are two water discharging pipes 310 to match with the left and right water collecting wells 320.

It can be understood that, since the first enclosure wall 410 and the second enclosure wall 420 are both annular structures, the first gap 401 is also an annular gap, and when a plurality of water collecting wells 320 are provided, the water collecting wells 320 can be arranged at intervals along the lower part of the annular first gap 401, and the water discharging pipes 310 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the water collecting wells 320, so as to achieve a better water collecting and dredging effect.

In one embodiment, the drainage pipe 310 is longitudinally disposed in the first gap 401, and the drainage structure further includes a water pump, and the water pump is communicated with the drainage pipe 310.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the drainage pipe 310 is disposed in the first gap 401 in a longitudinal direction, and the suction pump may be disposed above the drainage pipe 310 or disposed in the water collection well 320 (i.e., below the drainage pipe 310), so that when the suction pump is activated, a vacuum environment is formed in the drainage pipe 310 to discharge the water in the water collection well 320 under the action of atmospheric pressure.

In one embodiment, the drainage structure further comprises a drainage ditch and a water filtering layer, the drainage ditch is located below the bottom structure, the height of the drainage ditch is higher than the bottom of the water collecting well 320, the drainage ditch is communicated with the water collecting well 320, and the water filtering layer is located between the bottom structure and the drainage ditch for filtering the water body entering the drainage ditch.

The water filtering layer filters the underground leaked water body, and can be a laid gravel layer; the drainage ditch is used for collecting and dredging the filtered water body and finally draining the filtered water body into the water collecting well 320.

In one embodiment, the drainage structure further comprises a water stop steel plate, the water stop steel plate is longitudinally arranged in the second enclosure wall 420, and the water stop steel plate is arranged at the connecting position of the second enclosure wall 420 and the bottom layer structure.

The water body leakage problem at the connecting position between the second enclosure wall 420 and the bottom layer structure is avoided due to the arrangement of the water stop steel plate.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the second enclosure wall 420 includes a first prefabricated panel 421, a second prefabricated panel 422, and a first filler 423, the first prefabricated panel 421 and the second prefabricated panel 422 are spaced apart from each other, and the first filler 423 is disposed between the first prefabricated panel 421 and the second prefabricated panel 422.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the second enclosure wall 420 is a laminated wall.

Specifically, the second enclosure wall 420 includes first and second prefabricated panels 421 and 422, which are longitudinally disposed and spaced apart from each other, and a filler is disposed between the first and second prefabricated panels 421 and 422 to perform a waterproof function.

The groundwater leaks into the first gap 401 through the first enclosure wall 410, and the water in the first gap 401 enters the sump 320 again and is discharged through the drain pipe 310; because second enclosure wall 420 is the coincide wall, can play better waterproof effect, avoided the water in the first clearance 401 to the at utmost to get into the problem that the building utilized the space through second enclosure wall 420. So set up, on the one hand dredge the discharge to the water through first enclosure wall 410 seepage income, on the other hand prevents again that the water from further utilizing the interior seepage of space towards the building through second enclosure wall 420, realizes hydrophobic and waterproof scientific combination.

In one embodiment, the top layer structure includes a ribbed composite slab 110 and an overhead pipe rack, both the overhead pipe rack and the ribbed composite slab 110 being located underground, the overhead pipe rack being located above the ribbed composite slab 110.

Alternatively, the ribbed composite slab 110 employs a pre-stressed ribbed composite slab 110, the ribbed composite slab 110 being located below the overhead pipe gallery and forming a ceiling of the underground building.

Optionally, the underground has buried built in aerial pipe gallery, and aerial pipe gallery is located ribbed superimposed sheet 110's top to be used for satisfying the line demand of walking of cable run, communication line and natural gas line etc..

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the bottom structure includes a bottom plate 210, and the bottom plate 210 is connected to the lower end of the second enclosure wall 420.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, sump 320 is located below floor 210. In specific implementation, the bottom plate 210 can be located on a designed underground water level line to ensure that the underground water cannot overflow to the position above the bottom plate 210, so that the conditions of water seepage, water leakage and the like cannot occur in an underground building space above the bottom plate 210, and normal commercial operation is guaranteed.

In one embodiment, the base plate 210 includes a cast-in-place layer, a prefabricated layer, a waterproof layer, and a prefabricated cushion layer, the waterproof layer being between the cast-in-place layer and the prefabricated cushion layer.

The waterproof layer is arranged between the cast-in-place layer and the prefabricated cushion layer to play a waterproof role, and underground water is prevented from entering the underground building space through the bottom plate 210.

Optionally, the cast-in-place layer, the prefabricated layer, the waterproof layer and the prefabricated cushion layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the water filtering layer is arranged below the prefabricated cushion layer, and the drainage ditch is arranged below the water filtering layer.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the support structure further includes a first middle layer prefabricated panel 431 and a first frame column 432, the first middle layer prefabricated panel 431 is positioned between the top and bottom layer structures, and the first frame column 432 is used for supporting the first middle layer prefabricated panel 431.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, the support structure further includes a second middle precast panel 441 and a second frame post 442, the second middle precast panel 441 being positioned between the first middle precast panel 431 and the substructure, and the second frame post 442 supporting the second middle precast panel 441.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the underground building is divided into three floors, and the first middle floor slab 431 and the second middle floor slab 441 are each of a prefabricated structure. So set up, in the construction that introduces subway station with prefabricated assembly technique, not only saved construction cost, but also avoided building material's waste, environmental pollution and the huge consumption of manpower that dust etc. caused in the construction.

Optionally, cast-in-place construction is adopted for the nodes of the first middle-layer prefabricated slab 431; the nodes of the second middle-layer precast slab 441 are also constructed in a cast-in-place manner, and are not described in detail.

Optionally, the first middle precast slab 431 and the second middle precast slab 441 are connected and supported by a precast superposed beam.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the upper end of the first enclosure wall 410 is flush with the ground, and the lower end of the first enclosure wall 410 extends below the substructure.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the lower end of the first enclosure wall 410 extends to a depth below the bottom plate 210 for better leakage prevention.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the underground building further includes a prefabricated platform 510, and the prefabricated platform 510 is disposed on the substructure.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the prefabricated platform 510 is a platform of a subway, and the prefabricated platform 510 is a prefabricated member, so that the prefabrication is completed in advance, the construction time is saved, and the construction period is shortened.

In one embodiment, a prefabricated air duct 520 is also disposed above the substructure to provide ventilation of the underground structure.

The prefabricated platform 510 is a subway platform, after construction is completed, subway rails are laid on two sides of the prefabricated platform 510, and prefabricated air ducts 520 are correspondingly arranged above the subway rails. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the prefabricated air ducts 520 are correspondingly disposed on the left and right sides.

The underground building provided by the embodiment is particularly suitable for the construction of subway stations in a water-rich environment, and when the underground water quantity is too high, the water is pumped through the drain pipe 310 to adjust the underground water level; when the groundwater volume is moderate, rely on normal drawing water can to guarantee normal groundwater level and ensure that groundwater level is below the substructure, realize the drainage of finiteness, planning, and realize the monitoring to groundwater level.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An underground building, comprising:

a top layer structure;

a substructure;

the supporting structure comprises a first enclosure wall and a second enclosure wall, the first enclosure wall is enclosed at the peripheries of the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall is arranged between the top layer structure and the bottom layer structure, the second enclosure wall is positioned in the first enclosure wall, and the second enclosure wall and the first enclosure wall are arranged at intervals to form a first gap;

a drainage structure comprising a drain for draining the body of water in the first gap.

2. An underground building according to claim 1 wherein the drainage structure further comprises a water collection well located below the substructure and corresponding in position to the first gap, the water collection well being capable of pooling of water in the first gap, the drain being located within the water collection well at a lower end thereof for draining water from the water collection well.

3. An underground building according to claim 2, wherein the water collecting wells are provided with at least two and are arranged at intervals, and the water discharging pipes are provided with at least two and are in one-to-one correspondence with the water collecting wells;

the drain pipe is vertically established in the first clearance, drainage structure still includes the suction pump, the suction pump with the drain pipe intercommunication.

4. The underground building of claim 3, wherein the drainage structure further comprises a drainage ditch located below the substructure, the drainage ditch having a height greater than the bottom of the water collection well and being in communication with the water collection well, and a water filtration layer located between the substructure and the drainage ditch for filtering water entering the drainage ditch.

5. An underground building according to claim 1, wherein the drainage structure further comprises a water stop steel plate, the water stop steel plate is longitudinally provided in the second enclosure wall, and the water stop steel plate is provided at a connecting position of the second enclosure wall and the substructure.

6. An underground building according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the second enclosure wall includes a first prefabricated panel, a second prefabricated panel and a first filler, the first and second prefabricated panels being arranged at a spacing, the first filler being provided between the first and second prefabricated panels.

7. A subterranean building according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the top layer structure comprises a ribbed composite slab and a pipe rack, the pipe rack and the ribbed composite slab both being located underground, the pipe rack being located above the ribbed composite slab.

8. An underground building according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in which the substructure includes a floor connected to the lower end of the second enclosure wall;

the bottom plate comprises a cast-in-place layer, a prefabricated layer, a waterproof layer and a prefabricated cushion layer, wherein the waterproof layer is located between the cast-in-place layer and the prefabricated cushion layer.

9. An underground building according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the support structure further includes a first middle precast slab located between the top and bottom floor structures and a first frame post for supporting the first middle precast slab.

10. An underground building according to claim 9, wherein the support structure further comprises a second middle prefabricated slab and a second frame post, the second middle prefabricated slab being positioned between the first middle prefabricated slab and the substructure, the second frame post being used to support the second middle prefabricated slab;

the upper end of the first enclosure wall is level with the ground, and the lower end of the first enclosure wall extends to the lower part of the bottom layer structure;

the underground building further comprises a prefabricated platform, wherein the prefabricated platform is arranged on the substructure.

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