CN113089597A - Rotational flow flood discharging tunnel capable of improving flow state of water flow - Google Patents
Rotational flow flood discharging tunnel capable of improving flow state of water flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN113089597A CN113089597A CN202110253378.2A CN202110253378A CN113089597A CN 113089597 A CN113089597 A CN 113089597A CN 202110253378 A CN202110253378 A CN 202110253378A CN 113089597 A CN113089597 A CN 113089597A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
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- E02B9/02—Water-ways
- E02B9/04—Free-flow canals or flumes; Intakes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention provides a rotational flow flood discharging tunnel for improving the flow state of water flow, which comprises a diversion tunnel, a transition section, a volute chamber, a vertical shaft, a stilling pool, a water-stop sheet and a diversion tunnel, wherein the upstream of the transition section is connected with the diversion tunnel, and the upstream of the diversion tunnel is connected with a water discharging lock chamber; the lower stream of the transition section is connected with a volute chamber, the lower end of the volute chamber is connected with a vertical shaft through a vertical shaft connecting section, the stilling pool is positioned at the bottom end of the vertical shaft, the diameter of the volute chamber is larger than that of the vertical shaft, and the diameter of the vertical shaft is larger than that of the stilling pool; the lower part of the vertical shaft is communicated with the diversion tunnel through a connecting section, and one end of the diversion tunnel is plugged; the water-stop sheet is arranged at the tail end of the connecting section. In the invention, the transition section from the water diversion tunnel to the volute chamber forms a slope, which can cause the flow velocity of water flow entering the volute chamber to increase. According to the invention, the flow state is changed through the water-stop plate at the tail end of the connecting section, so that water flow regularly flows into the diversion tunnel, the inner wall of the diversion tunnel is ensured not to be eroded by excessive water flow, and the service life of the diversion tunnel is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rotational flow energy dissipation of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, and particularly relates to a rotational flow flood discharging tunnel for improving the flow state of water flow.
Background
The high rockfill dam generally adopts tunnel diversion during construction, so a diversion tunnel with a large cross section is often required to be built, the construction cost of the diversion tunnel is often higher, how to reasonably utilize the later stage of the diversion tunnel to be reconstructed into a permanent flood discharge tunnel achieves the aim of one tunnel for multiple purposes, and the method is a development direction for reducing the construction cost and solving the problem of difficult hub arrangement. According to the dual-purpose example of 116 diversion tunnels collected in the compilation of the dual-purpose example of diversion tunnels of world dams, more than 50 percent of diversion tunnels are reconstructed into flood discharging tunnels, 20 percent of diversion tunnels are reconstructed into power generation diversion tunnels or tailgates, and the diversion tunnels are reconstructed into irrigation tunnels, emptying tunnels or other multipurpose tunnels. In the case of the reconstruction as a spillway tunnel, more than about 70% of the spillway tunnel is utilized in combination with a diversion tunnel in a "longhead" fashion. The 'longhead' flood discharge tunnel has the problems of large-section tunnel chamber construction at a cross section, high flow rate, easy cavitation damage, low tunnel outlet elevation, high downstream water level, certain difficulty in energy dissipation, large erosion change of a downstream energy dissipation area, flood discharge atomization, large engineering investment and the like.
When the topographic and geological conditions of the hub area and the arrangement of the diversion tunnels are appropriate, the diversion tunnels can be reconstructed into rotational flow flood discharging tunnels. The rotational flow energy dissipation working principle is that most of water energy is consumed inside a flow channel by utilizing the rotational motion of water flow, only part of energy is transferred to downstream, and the rotational flow energy dissipation working principle has the advantages of high energy dissipation rate, simple structure, flexible arrangement, easiness in ventilation and aeration and the like. The shaft type rotational flow flood discharging tunnel has the characteristics of simple structure, wide applicable water head range, high energy dissipation rate and the like, and is a key type of domestic and foreign research in nearly 30 years. However, according to engineering practical experience and research progress, the conventional vertical shaft rotational flow flood discharging tunnel is often prone to form an irregular flow state at the bottom of the vertical shaft due to the centrifugal force and gravity of rotating water flow, and is not favorable for stabilizing the diversion tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the vortex chamber water flow rising height of the existing vertical shaft rotational flow flood discharging tunnel is large and the water flow form is not facilitated, the invention provides the rotational flow flood discharging tunnel for improving the water flow form.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rotational flow flood discharging tunnel for improving the flow state of water flow comprises a diversion tunnel, a transition section, a volute chamber, a vertical shaft, a stilling pool, a water-stop sheet and a diversion tunnel, wherein the upstream of the transition section is connected with the diversion tunnel, and the upstream of the diversion tunnel is connected with a water discharging lock chamber; the lower stream of the transition section is connected with a volute chamber, the lower end of the volute chamber is connected with a vertical shaft through a vertical shaft connecting section, the stilling pool is positioned at the bottom end of the vertical shaft, the diameter of the volute chamber is larger than that of the vertical shaft, and the diameter of the vertical shaft is larger than that of the stilling pool; the lower part of the vertical shaft is communicated with the diversion tunnel through a connecting section, and one end of the diversion tunnel is plugged; the water-stop sheet is arranged at the tail end of the connecting section.
And a water separation partition wall is arranged in the transition section.
The transition section comprises a bottom plate, a first side wall, a second side wall and a top arch, wherein the first side wall and the second side wall are vertically arranged between the bottom plate and the top arch, the bottom plate is obliquely arranged, the first side wall is arranged on the side far away from the vortex chamber, the second side wall is arranged on the side close to the vortex chamber, and the height of the second side wall is changed from the height of the vortex chamber by the side wall of the diversion tunnel; the side wall I and the side wall II respectively comprise a straight line section and an arc section along the water flow direction, and the arc sections of the side wall I and the side wall II are connected with the side wall of the vortex chamber; the slope ratio of the bottom plate is 1: n1, wherein n1 is 1-10, the distance between the slope starting point and the central line of the vortex chamber is L1, and L1 is 2-7 times of the diameter of the vortex chamber; the top arch comprises a straight line section and a slope section, wherein the slope ratio of the slope section is 1: n2, wherein n2 is 0.5-5; the width of the bottom plate is the same as that of the diversion tunnel; the water diversion partition wall is arranged on the bottom plate of the transition section and is arranged close to the second side wall of the transition section.
The cross section of the water division partition wall is triangular; the water diversion partition wall comprises a water-facing surface, a water-backing surface, a first side surface and a second side surface, wherein the water-facing surface is composed of circular arcs, the radius R1 is (1/30-1/10) D, and the angle of a circular ring is 0-90 degrees; the back water surface consists of straight line segments, the width of each straight line segment is a2, a distance a1 is formed between each straight line segment and a side wall of the transition section is (1/5-1/2), and a distance D between each straight line segment and the side wall of the transition section is (1/3-4/5); the side face I is close to the side wall I of the transition section, the side face II is close to the side wall II of the transition section, the starting points of the side face I and the side face II are respectively two tail ends of an upstream face circular arc, and the end points are respectively two end points of a back face straight line section; the distance between the water back surface of the water diversion partition wall and the vortex chamber is L3, and L3 is (0.5-5) R, wherein R is the radius of the vortex chamber; the length of the water diversion partition wall along the water flow is L2, and the L2 is 0.5-5D; d is the width of the diversion tunnel.
The water-stop plate is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes.
The connecting section comprises a vertical section, an arc section and a slope section, and the vertical section is connected with the slope section through the arc section; the upper end of the vertical section is connected with the lower part of the vertical shaft, and the tail end of the slope section is connected with the diversion tunnel; the vertical section length b1 is (1-3) D1, the arc length of the arc section is b2, the angle of the arc length is 60-90 degrees, and the arc radius R2 of the arc section is (0.5-2) D1; the length b3 of the slope section is (0.1-5) D1, the slope ratio of the slope section is 1: n and n are 1-20, and D1 is the width of the diversion tunnel.
The water-stop plate is of a concrete or steel-lined concrete structure, the width of the water-stop plate is the same as the width of the diversion tunnel, and the height h1 of the water-stop plate is 0.2-0.8 times of the height of the diversion tunnel.
The depth of the stilling pool is 0.05-0.5 times of the width of the diversion tunnel.
The vertical shaft connecting section is of a hollow cylinder structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the inner diameter of the upper end of the vertical shaft connecting section is the same as the diameter of the volute chamber, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the vertical shaft connecting section is the same as the diameter of the vertical shaft.
The volute chamber is provided with a vent hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, water flows pass through the transition section and the water dividing partition wall, the thickness of rotating water flow in the volute chamber is increased, the water surface climbing height is greatly reduced, the water surface height difference of the rotating water flow in the volute chamber is also reduced, the water flow state can be improved, the diameters of the water flow from the volute chamber to the stilling pool are sequentially reduced, the water flow speed is increased, the water flow state is disordered, the water flow state is changed through the water-stop plate at the tail end of the connecting section, the water flow regularly flows into the diversion tunnel, the inner wall of the diversion tunnel is ensured not to be eroded by excessive water flow, and the service life of the diversion tunnel.
The following will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 1.
In the figures, the reference numbers are: 1. a diversion tunnel; 2. a volute chamber; 3. a transition section; 4. a water diversion partition wall; 5. a base plate; 6. a top arch; 7. a first side wall; 8. a second side wall; 9. a vent hole; 10. a shaft; 11. a shaft connecting section; 12. a stilling pool; 13. a connecting section; 14. a diversion tunnel; 15. a water-stop sheet; 16. water distribution holes; 17. a sluice chamber.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
in order to solve the problem that the vortex chamber water flow rising height of the existing vertical shaft rotational flow flood discharging tunnel is large and is not beneficial to the water flow form, the invention provides the rotational flow flood discharging tunnel for improving the water flow form as shown in the figures 1-3.
A rotational flow flood discharging tunnel for improving water flow state comprises a diversion tunnel 1, a transition section 3, a volute chamber 2, a vertical shaft 10, a stilling pool 12, a water-stop sheet 15 and a diversion tunnel 14, wherein the upstream of the transition section 3 is connected with the diversion tunnel 1, and the upstream of the diversion tunnel 1 is connected with a water discharging gate chamber 17; the downstream of the transition section 3 is connected with a volute chamber 2, the lower end of the volute chamber 2 is connected with a vertical shaft 10 through a vertical shaft connecting section 11, the stilling pool 12 is positioned at the bottom end of the vertical shaft 10, the diameter of the volute chamber 2 is larger than that of the vertical shaft 10, and the diameter of the vertical shaft 10 is larger than that of the stilling pool 12; the lower part of the shaft 10 is communicated with a diversion tunnel 14 through a connecting section 13, and one end of the diversion tunnel 14 is blocked; the water-stop sheet 15 is arranged at the tail end of the connecting section 13.
As shown in figure 1, the upper end of a diversion tunnel 1 is connected with a drainage lock chamber 17, the drainage lock chamber 17 is opened to drain water, water flow enters a volute chamber 2 after being accelerated and shunted through the diversion tunnel 1 and a transition section 3, energy is dissipated downwards along a shaft 10 in a stilling basin 12, then the water flow passes through a connecting section 13, and regular water outlet is carried out to a diversion tunnel 14 through a water-stop plate 15 arranged at the tail end of the connecting section 13. The sluice gate chamber 17 at least comprises a flood discharge gate, a flat gate and a radial gate, wherein the radial gate is arranged below the flood discharge gate, and the flat gate is arranged on one side of the radial gate. The sluicing lock chamber 17 is prior art and will not be described in detail in this description.
In the invention, water flows pass through the transition section 3 and the water diversion partition wall 4, the thickness of the rotating water flow in the volute chamber 2 is increased, the water surface climbing height is greatly reduced, the water surface height difference of the rotating water flow in the volute chamber 2 is also reduced, the water flow state can be improved, the diameters of the water flow from the volute chamber 2 to the stilling basin 12 are sequentially reduced, the water flow speed is increased, the water flow state is disordered, the water stop sheet 15 at the tail end of the connecting section 13 is used for changing the flow state, the water flow regularly flows into the diversion tunnel 14, the inner wall of the diversion tunnel 14 is ensured not to be eroded by excessive water flow, and the service life of the diversion tunnel.
Example 2:
based on embodiment 1, in this embodiment, it is preferable that a water dividing partition wall 4 is provided in the transition section 3.
Preferably, the transition section 3 comprises a bottom plate 5, a first side wall 7, a second side wall 8 and a top arch 6, wherein the first side wall 7 and the second side wall 8 are vertically arranged between the bottom plate 5 and the top arch 6 from outside to inside, the bottom plate 5 is obliquely arranged, the first side wall 7 is arranged at the side far away from the volute chamber 2, the second side wall 8 is arranged at the side close to the volute chamber 2, and the heights of the first side wall and the second side wall are respectively the wall height from the diversion tunnel 1 to the volute chamber 2; the side wall I7 and the side wall II 8 respectively comprise a straight line section and an arc section along the water flow direction, the arc section of the side wall I7 is connected with the volute chamber 2, and the arc section of the side wall II 8 is connected with the side wall of the vertical shaft connecting section 11 below the volute chamber 2; the slope ratio of the bottom plate 5 is 1: n1, wherein n1 is 1-10, the distance between the slope starting point and the central line of the vortex chamber 2 is L1, and L1 is 2-7 times of the diameter of the vortex chamber 2; the top arch 6 comprises a straight line section and a slope section, wherein the slope ratio of the slope section is 1: n2, wherein n2 is 0.5-5; the width of the bottom plate 5 is the same as that of the diversion tunnel 1; the water dividing partition wall 4 is arranged on a bottom plate 5 of the transition section 3 and is close to a second side wall 8 of the transition section 3.
Preferably, the cross section of the water dividing partition wall 4 is triangular; the water diversion partition wall 4 comprises a water-facing surface, a water-backing surface, a first side surface and a second side surface, wherein the water-facing surface is composed of circular arcs, the radius R1 is 1/30-1/10D, and the angle of a circular ring is 0-90 degrees; the back water surface consists of straight line segments, the width of each straight line segment is a2, 1/5-1/2D is taken, a distance a1 is reserved between each straight line segment and the side wall of the transition section 3, and 1/3-4/5D is taken; the first side face is close to the first side wall 7 of the transition section 3, the second side face is close to the second side wall 8 of the transition section 3, the initial points of the first side face and the second side face are two tail ends of an upstream face circular arc respectively, and the end points are two end points of a back face straight line segment respectively; the distance between the back surface of the water division partition wall 4 and the vortex chamber 2 is L3, and L3 is 0.5-5R, wherein R is the radius of the vortex chamber 1; the length of the water diversion partition wall 4 along the water flow is L2, and the L2 is 0.5-5D; d is the width of the diversion tunnel 1.
Preferably, the shaft connecting section 11 is a hollow cylinder structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the inner diameter of the upper end is the same as the diameter of the volute chamber 2, and the inner diameter of the lower end is the same as the diameter of the shaft 10.
According to the invention, the transition section 3 and the water dividing partition wall 4 are arranged, water flows pass through the transition section 3 and the water dividing partition wall 4, the thickness of the rotating water flow in the volute chamber 2 is increased, the water surface climbing height is greatly reduced, the water surface height difference of the rotating water flow in the volute chamber 2 is also reduced, and the flow state of the water flow can be improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the water dividing partition wall 4 of the present invention is located near the vortex chamber 2 side in order to divide the water flow into two unequal side flows to form a main flow and an auxiliary flow. The main flow far away from the side of the vortex chamber 2 adopts small-angle contraction, so that the main flow far away from the side of the vortex chamber 2 and entering the vortex chamber 2 can be accelerated to impact the water blocking effect of the rotary flow of the vortex chamber 2; the large-angle contraction and guide mode is adopted near the vortex chamber 2, so that the secondary flow and the outer rotary flow can be staggered and collided, and the impact and back choking phenomena of the outer rotary main flow on the main flow entering the vortex chamber are relieved. The top of the volute chamber 2 is a spherical body, the vertical shaft 10 is a circular section, the top of the vertical shaft 10 is provided with an inclined slope, the section is contracted, the diameter of the vertical shaft 10 is smaller than that of the volute chamber 2, and the vertical shaft connecting section 11 is large in top and small in bottom and is used for communicating the volute chamber 2 with the vertical shaft 10.
Preferably, the water-stop sheet 15 is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes 16.
Preferably, the connecting section 13 includes a vertical section, an arc section and a slope section, and the vertical section is connected with the slope section through the arc section; the upper end of the vertical section is connected with the lower part of the vertical shaft 10, and the tail end of the slope section is connected with the diversion tunnel 1; the vertical section length b1 is 1-3D 1, the arc length of the circular arc section is b2, the angle of the arc length is 60-90 degrees, and the radius R2 of the circular arc section is 0.5-2D 1; the length b3 of the slope section is 0.1-5D 1, the slope ratio of the slope section is 1: n and n are 1-20, and D1 is the width of the diversion tunnel 1.
The bottom of the middle connecting section 13 is horizontally arranged, the top of the middle connecting section is integrally L-shaped, and the middle connecting section comprises a vertical section and an arc section slope section, wherein the length b1 of the vertical section is preferably 2D1, the arc length angle of the arc section length b2 is preferably 85 degrees, and the radius R1 is preferably 1.5D 1; the slope section length b3 is preferably 3D1, the slope ratio is preferably 1: 10. the section of the connecting section 13 is in a horseshoe shape, and the connecting section is simply connected with the diversion tunnel 1 and is convenient to construct.
Preferably, the water-stop sheet 15 is of a concrete or steel-lined concrete structure, the width of the water-stop sheet 15 is the same as the width of the 14-hole diversion tunnel, and the height h1 of the water-stop sheet 15 is 0.2-0.8 times of the height of the 14-hole diversion tunnel.
Preferably, the depth of the stilling pool 3 is 0.05-0.5 times of the width of the diversion tunnel 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the water distribution holes 16 on the water stop sheet 15 are flexibly arranged, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the water distribution holes 16 on the water stop sheet 15 is a, a = (0-1) h1 × D, and the water distribution holes are 16 round holes. The round holes are convenient to deal with, and the cross-sectional area is easy to calculate. The stilling pool 3 is arranged at the lowest end of the rotational flow vertical shaft 2, the section size of the stilling pool is the same as that of the vertical section of the transition section 3, and the depth of the stilling pool is preferably 0.25D.
The section of the connecting section 13 of the invention is suddenly reduced compared with the section of the vertical shaft 10, on one hand, the submerged depth of the bottom of the vertical shaft 10 can be increased, the water flow form can be improved, on the other hand, the energy dissipation rate of the bottom of the vertical shaft 10 can be increased, and in addition, the section of the connecting section 13 adopts the horseshoe shape, so that the connection with the original diversion tunnel 14 is simpler, and the excavation construction of the cavern is simpler. And a water-stop sheet 15 is added at the joint of the tail end of the connecting section 13 and the original diversion tunnel 1, so that the flow state of the water flow at the tail end of the cyclone vertical shaft 2 is more regular.
Relevant tests carried out by the invention show that the addition of the proper water division partition wall 4 in the hydraulic jump zone at the tail end of the diversion tunnel 1 is effective for reducing the water surface of the volute chamber 2, so that the influence of the revolving water flow on the main flow can be reduced, the water flow inside the partition pier can carry out top impact and inhibition on the revolving water flow of the volute chamber 2, and the water flow outside the partition pier can smoothly enter the volute chamber 2.
In the invention, the water flow is divided into two unequal side flows by the water dividing partition walls 4 (piers) to form a main flow and an auxiliary flow. The main flow far away from the side of the vortex chamber 2 adopts small-angle contraction, so that the main flow far away from the side of the vortex chamber 2 and entering the vortex chamber 2 can be accelerated to impact the water blocking effect of the rotary flow of the vortex chamber 2; the large-angle contraction and guide mode is adopted near the vortex chamber 2, so that the secondary flow and the outer rotary flow can be staggered and collided, and the impact and back choking phenomena of the outer rotary main flow on the main flow entering the vortex chamber 2 are relieved.
In the invention, the connecting section from the water diversion tunnel 1 to the volute chamber 2 forms a slope, which can cause the flow velocity of water flow entering the volute chamber 2 to increase. Rivers pass through changeover portion 3 and divide water partition wall 4, and 2 internal rotation rivers thickness in volute chamber increase, and the surface of water climbing height reduces by a wide margin, and the surface of water difference of 2 internal rotation rivers in volute chamber is also reduced moreover, can improve the rivers flow state.
In the invention, the section of the chamber structure connecting section 13 at the bottom of the vertical shaft 10 is suddenly reduced compared with the section of the vertical shaft 10, on one hand, the submerged depth at the bottom of the vertical shaft 10 can be increased, the water flow form can be improved, on the other hand, the energy dissipation rate at the bottom of the vertical shaft 10 can be increased, and in addition, the section of the connecting section 13 is in a horseshoe shape, so that the connection with the original diversion tunnel 14 is simpler, and the chamber excavation construction is simpler. And a water-stop sheet 15 is added at the joint of the tail end of the connecting section 13 and the original diversion tunnel 14, so that the flow state of the water flow at the tail end of the shaft 10 is more regular.
Preferably, the volute chamber 1 is provided with a vent hole 9. The vent holes 9 are arranged on the top arch of the volute chamber 2, the positions of the vent holes do not have special requirements, and 1% -10% of the cross section area of the vertical shaft 10 is considered according to the experience of the size.
Example 3:
based on the embodiment 1 or 2, in this embodiment, preferably, the thickness of the first side wall 7 is 50 cm; the width D of the bottom plate 5 is 720cm, the slope ratio of the bottom plate 5 is 1: 5, the slope ratio of the top arch 6 in the slope section is 1: 6, the radius R of the volute chamber 2 is 630cm, the distance a1 between the back water surface and the first side wall 7 of the transition section 3 is 360cm, the width a2 of the back water surface is 310cm, the radius R1 of the circular arc of the upstream surface is 150cm, the distance d1 between the first side surface of the upstream surface and the first side wall 7 is 440cm, the distance d2 between the second side surface of the upstream surface and the second side wall 8 is 230 cm, the distance d3 between the central axis of the upstream surface and the second side wall 8 is 240 cm, the distance L1 from the slope starting point of the bottom plate 5 to the central line of the volute chamber 2 is 4410cm, the downstream length L2 of the water diversion partition wall 4 is 1000cm, and the distance L3 from the back water surface of the water diversion partition wall 4 to the volute chamber 2 is 1500. The diameter D of the stilling pool 12 is 660cm, the diameter of the vertical shaft 10 is 930cm, and the diameter of the diversion tunnel 14 is 660 cm; the height is 875cm, the length b1 of the vertical section in the connecting section 13 is 800cm, the arc length angle of the circular arc section is 84.5 degrees, and the circular arc radius R1 of the circular arc section is 1000 cm; the length b3 of the slope section is 800cm, the slope ratio of the slope section is 1: 9.3, the height h1 of the water stop sheet 15 is 300 cm. The horizontal distance between the stilling pool 12 and the water-stop plate 15 is 1767 cm.
According to the rotational flow flood discharging tunnel capable of improving the flow state of water flow, when the rotational flow tunnel is actually used, the water flow on the inner side of the water diversion partition wall 4 pushes and inhibits the rotational flow of the volute chamber 2, so that the water flow on the outer side of the water diversion partition wall 4 can smoothly enter the volute chamber 2. The present invention provides an increase in the flow rate of water entering the vortex chamber 2. Rivers pass through changeover portion 3 and water diversion partition wall 4, and 2 internal rotation rivers thickness in volute chamber increase, and the surface of water climbing reduces by a wide margin, and the surface of water difference of 2 internal rotation rivers in volute chamber has also been reduced moreover, has improved the rivers flow state. Water flow enters the vertical shaft 10 after passing through the transition section 3, and the section of the transition section 3 is suddenly reduced compared with that of the vertical shaft 10, so that the submerged depth of the bottom of the rotational flow vertical shaft 10 is increased, the water flow form is improved, the energy dissipation rate of the bottom of the vertical shaft 10 is increased, and in addition, the section of the transition section 3 is in a horseshoe shape, and is simpler to link with the original diversion tunnel 14, so that the cavern excavation construction is simpler. The water separation plate 15 arranged at the tail end of the connecting section is distributed with water distribution holes 16, and water flows pass through the water distribution holes 16 to enable the flow state to be more regular.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. The device structure and the system method which are not described in detail in the invention are the prior art, and the further description is not provided in the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an improve whirl flood discharge hole of rivers flow state which characterized in that: the drainage tunnel comprises a diversion tunnel (1), a transition section (3), a volute chamber (2), a vertical shaft (10), a stilling pool (12), a water-stop sheet (15) and a diversion tunnel (14), wherein the upstream of the transition section (3) is connected with the diversion tunnel (1), and the upstream of the diversion tunnel (1) is connected with a drainage lock chamber (17); the downstream of the transition section (3) is connected with a volute chamber (2), the lower end of the volute chamber (2) is connected with a vertical shaft (10) through a vertical shaft connecting section (11), the stilling pool (12) is positioned at the bottom end of the vertical shaft (10), the diameter of the volute chamber (2) is larger than that of the vertical shaft (10), and the diameter of the vertical shaft (10) is larger than that of the stilling pool (12); the lower part of the vertical shaft (10) is communicated with a diversion tunnel (14) through a connecting section (13), and one end of the diversion tunnel (14) is blocked; the water-stop sheet (15) is arranged at the tail end of the connecting section (13).
2. A rotational flow spillway tunnel for improving flow pattern of water according to claim 1, wherein: and a water division partition wall (4) is arranged in the transition section (3).
3. A rotational flow spillway tunnel for improving flow pattern of water according to claim 1, wherein: the transition section (3) comprises a bottom plate (5), a first side wall (7), a second side wall (8) and a top arch (6), wherein the first side wall (7) and the second side wall (8) are vertically arranged between the bottom plate (5) and the top arch (6) from inside to outside, the bottom plate (5) is obliquely arranged, the first side wall (7) is arranged on the side far away from the volute chamber (2), the second side wall (8) is arranged on the side close to the volute chamber (2), and the height of the first side wall and the height of the second side wall are respectively transited from the side wall of the diversion tunnel (1) to the wall height of the volute chamber (2); the side wall I (7) and the side wall II (8) respectively comprise a straight line section and an arc section along the water flow direction, and the arc sections of the side wall I (7) and the side wall II (8) are connected with the side wall of the vortex chamber (2); the slope ratio of the bottom plate (5) is 1: n1, wherein n1 is 1-10, the distance between the slope starting point and the central line of the vortex chamber (2) is L1, and L1 is 2-7 times of the diameter of the vortex chamber (2); the top arch (6) comprises a straight line section and a slope section, wherein the slope ratio of the slope section is 1: n2, wherein n2 is 0.5-5; the width of the bottom plate (5) is the same as that of the diversion tunnel (1); the water division partition wall (4) is arranged on the bottom plate (5) of the transition section (3) and is close to the second side wall (8) of the transition section (3).
4. A rotational flow spillway tunnel for improving water flow pattern according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the section of the water division partition wall (4) is triangular; the water diversion partition wall (4) comprises a water-facing surface, a water-backing surface, a first side surface and a second side surface, wherein the water-facing surface consists of circular arcs, the radius R1 is (1/30-1/10) D, and the angle of the circular ring is 0-90 degrees; the back water surface consists of straight line segments, the width of the back water surface is a2, (1/5-1/2) D, (1/3-4/5) D, and the distance a1 between the back water surface and the side wall (7) of the transition section (3) is adopted; the first side face is close to a first side wall (7) of the transition section (3), the second side face is close to a second side wall (8) of the transition section (3), the initial points of the first side face and the second side face are two tail ends of an upstream surface circular arc respectively, and the end points are two end points of a back surface straight line section respectively; the distance between the back surface of the water division partition wall (4) and the vortex chamber (2) is L3, and L3 is 0.5-5R, wherein R is the radius of the vortex chamber (1); the length of the water diversion partition wall (4) along the water flow is L2, and the length of L2 is 0.5-5D; d is the width of the diversion tunnel (1).
5. A rotational flow spillway tunnel for improving flow pattern of water according to claim 1, wherein: the water-stop plate (15) is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes (16).
6. A rotational flow spillway tunnel for improving flow pattern of water according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting section (13) comprises a vertical section, an arc section and a slope section, and the vertical section is connected with the slope section through the arc section; the upper end of the vertical section is connected with the lower part of the vertical shaft (10), and the tail end of the slope section is connected with the diversion tunnel (1); the vertical section length b1 is (1-3) D1, the arc length of the arc section is b2, the angle of the arc length is 60-90 degrees, and the arc radius R2 of the arc section is (0.5-2) D1; the length b3 of the slope section is (0.1-5) D1, the slope ratio of the slope section is 1: n and n are 1-20, and D1 is the width of the diversion tunnel (1).
7. The connection structure for reducing the bottom flow velocity of the rotational flow spillway tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: the water-stop sheet (15) is of a concrete or steel-lined concrete structure, the width of the water-stop sheet (15) is the same as the width of the diversion tunnel (14), and the height h1 of the water-stop sheet (15) is 0.2-0.8 times of the height of the diversion tunnel (14).
8. The connection structure for reducing the bottom flow velocity of the rotational flow spillway tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the depth of the stilling pool (3) is 0.05-0.5 times of the width of the diversion tunnel (1).
9. The connection structure for reducing the bottom flow velocity of the rotational flow spillway tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical shaft connecting section (11) is of a hollow cylinder structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the inner diameter of the upper end of the vertical shaft connecting section is the same as the diameter of the volute chamber (2), and the inner diameter of the lower end of the vertical shaft connecting section is the same as the diameter of the vertical shaft (10).
10. The connection structure for reducing the bottom flow velocity of the rotational flow spillway tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the volute chamber (1) is provided with a vent hole (9).
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007177395A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-12 | Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The | Energy dissipation works of spillway water flow and energy dissipation method |
| CN102704448A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Deep-hole rotational flow vertical shaft flood discharging tunnel and design method |
| CN106930249A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-07 | 四川大学 | A kind of taper volute chamber rotational flow silo flood discharging tunnel system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007177395A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-12 | Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The | Energy dissipation works of spillway water flow and energy dissipation method |
| CN102704448A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Deep-hole rotational flow vertical shaft flood discharging tunnel and design method |
| CN106930249A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-07 | 四川大学 | A kind of taper volute chamber rotational flow silo flood discharging tunnel system |
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