CN113087473A - Baking-free brick and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Baking-free brick and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113087473A
CN113087473A CN202110341779.3A CN202110341779A CN113087473A CN 113087473 A CN113087473 A CN 113087473A CN 202110341779 A CN202110341779 A CN 202110341779A CN 113087473 A CN113087473 A CN 113087473A
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red mud
baking
ash
parts
biomass
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任常在
谢洪璋
赵保峰
王文龙
侯思雨
秦克轩
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Qilu University of Technology
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Qilu University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
    • C01B17/74—Preparation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
    • C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
    • C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
    • C04B7/21—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium sulfate containing activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of resources and environmental protection treatment, and particularly provides a baking-free brick and a preparation method and application thereof. The baking-free brick takes a red mud-based sulphoaluminate gelled material as a matrix, wherein biomass ash is wrapped in the matrix and has an adsorption effect. The preparation method comprises the following steps of firstly preparing red mud, dolomite, desulfurized gypsum and aluminum slag into a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material raw material through crushing, stirring and homogenizing, and calcining at high temperature to form the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material; screening biomass ash, mixing the screened biomass ash with the prepared red mud-based cementing material according to a specific proportion, adding tap water or industrial wastewater, fully stirring, pouring into a non-fired brick mold, fully compacting by a vibration table, pressing, demolding and maintaining to obtain the material. The problems that in the prior art, biomass ash is doped in building materials to cause the phenomena of white and efflorescent building materials, the utilization rate of the biomass ash is low, and pollutants exceed the standard when the baking-free bricks are prepared by adopting red mud and other building wastes are solved.

Description

Baking-free brick and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of resources and environmental protection treatment, and particularly provides a baking-free brick and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The biomass is used as a clean renewable resource and is widely applied to the power production industry, by 2020, the total generated energy of a biomass power plant in China reaches 1878 ten thousand kilowatts, which accounts for about 13% of the total biomass power generation in the world, the biomass power generation industry is rapidly developed under the support of the country, and the biomass power plant provides a large amount of energy for industry and agriculture by burning biomass and also generates a large amount of biomass ash. According to statistics, under the condition of the existing biomass power generation amount in China, 6.5-7 hundred million tons of various biomasses are consumed each year, according to the average production rate of biomass ash residues of 6.8%, nearly 5000 ten thousand tons of biomass ash residues are produced each year, and the stacking amount of the biomass ash residues is increased year by year. In the face of a large amount of biomass ash, if the biomass ash is not treated in time, serious environmental problems such as large-area soil pollution, underground water pollution, local area dust and the like are inevitably caused by long-term storage. How to carry out scientific treatment and large-scale utilization on the biomass ash and realize reduction, resource utilization and harmless utilization of the biomass ash and has become a major problem which must be solved in the sustainable development of biomass power plants.
Along with the limited exploitation of natural resources and the increase of the cost of raw materials such as building sand stones and the like, the building material utilization of industrial solid wastes gradually draws attention, biomass power plant ash is used as an industrial solid waste, and if the physical mechanical property and durability of the biomass ash can be maintained or improved by adding the biomass ash into a building material, a large amount of cementing materials can be saved, the carbon emission of the cementing materials in the production process can be reduced, the industrial waste residues can be consumed in a large scale, meanwhile, the building material utilization of the biomass ash can change the biomass power plant ash into valuable, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are good.
In order to realize the comprehensive utilization of the biomass ash, the biomass ash is tried to be used for preparing green building materials in the prior art, but the inventor finds that the biomass ash is not utilized in a large scale for preparing the green building materials at present, mainly the biomass ash is low in mixing amount in the building material formation process, a large amount of silicate cementing materials are required to be used, and the cost is high; meanwhile, a large amount of biomass ash is added, which easily causes the formation of white bloom and efflorescence phenomena on building materials, so that the durability of the prepared building materials is poor, and the large-scale application of the biomass ash in the building material formation process is limited.
On the other hand, in the prior art, the baking-free brick is prepared by adopting waste materials such as red mud, but the inventor finds that the prepared baking-free brick generally has an over-standard pollutant content because the waste materials such as the red mud contain a large amount of harmful substances.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, biomass ash is doped in building materials to cause the phenomena of white and efflorescent building materials, the utilization rate of the biomass ash is low, and pollutants exceed the standard when the baking-free bricks are prepared by adopting red mud and other wastes.
The invention provides a method for preparing a baking-free brick by using a red mud-based cementing material and biomass power plant ash, which can effectively utilize various industrial solid wastes, and particularly can realize large-scale harmless utilization of the biomass ash. The solid waste raw materials are wide in material source and low in price, the produced baking-free brick is light in weight and high in strength, can seal harmful substances in the solid waste raw materials, is suitable for large-scale production, and solves the environmental problem of resource utilization of biomass ash residues.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a baking-free brick is provided, which uses a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementitious material as a matrix, and biomass ash is wrapped in the matrix, and the biomass ash has an adsorption effect.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for preparing baking-free bricks is provided, which comprises the following steps,
crushing, stirring and homogenizing red mud, dolomite, desulfurized gypsum and aluminum slag to prepare a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material raw material, and calcining at high temperature to form a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material;
screening biomass ash, mixing the screened biomass ash with the prepared red mud-based cementing material according to a specific proportion, adding tap water or industrial wastewater, fully stirring, pouring into a non-fired brick mold, fully compacting by a vibration table, pressing, demolding and maintaining to obtain the material.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the baking-free brick or the baking-free brick prepared by the above method for preparing the baking-free brick in road paving or construction engineering.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for co-production of sulfuric acid from non-burnt bricks is provided, in which red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementitious material raw materials in the preparation method of non-burnt bricks are calcined by high-sulfur coal, and a decomposition kiln generates high-concentration SO-containing cementitious material raw materials2The kiln gas is prepared into sulfuric acid by an absorption and concentration device.
One or some of the above technical solutions have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1) the red mud-based cementing material can be utilized in a large scale, the raw materials used by the red mud-based cementing material are industrial solid wastes such as red mud, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum ash, carbide slag and the like, and a certain amount of the red mud-based cementing material is doped as a binder in the process of preparing the baking-free brick, so that the red mud, desulfurized gypsum and other industrial solid wastes can be indirectly consumed, and the industrial solid wastes are consumed.
2) The biomass power plant ash can be consumed in a large scale, the biomass power plant ash is physically sorted firstly, medium and large particle biomass slag and micro particle biomass ash containing glass bodies are sorted, the large particle biomass slag is used as aggregate, the micro particle biomass ash is used as filler of baking-free bricks, the use of primary energy and carbon emission can be reduced to the greatest extent by adopting baking-free preparation, the biomass power plant ash can be consumed in a large amount, and the product belongs to a green energy-saving new building material.
3) The baking-free brick prepared by the method has the characteristics of light weight, good water permeability, high strength, low cost and the like, and simultaneously, the baking-free process is adopted, the biomass ash contains a certain amount of residual carbon particles, so that harmful gases in the environment and heavy metals in rainwater can be effectively adsorbed and filtered, the recycling of the biomass ash is realized, the effect of further purifying the surrounding environment is realized, and the environmental protection, social and economic benefits of the biomass power plant ash are improved.
4) Based on the reasonable matching of the red mud-based cementing material and the biomass power plant ash, the produced low-carbon green baking-free brick can reach the standards of MU20 and MU30, the light baking-free brick prepared from all solid wastes is really realized, and the purposes of saving energy and resources and utilizing the solid wastes are realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of a clinker of the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cement prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a clinker product of the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cement prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the baking-free brick process in the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a coarse aggregate map of biomass ash screening of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a fine aggregate map of biomass ash screening of example 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a baking-free brick prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the disclosure without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, biomass ash is doped in building materials to cause the phenomena of white and efflorescent building materials, the utilization rate of the biomass ash is low, and pollutants exceed the standard when the baking-free bricks are prepared by adopting red mud and other building wastes.
The invention provides a method for preparing a baking-free brick by using a red mud-based cementing material and biomass power plant ash, which can effectively utilize various industrial solid wastes, and particularly can realize large-scale harmless utilization of the biomass ash. The solid waste raw materials are wide in material source and low in price, the produced baking-free brick is light in weight and high in strength, can seal harmful substances in the solid waste raw materials, is suitable for large-scale production, and solves the environmental problem of resource utilization of biomass ash residues.
The biomass power plant ash disclosed by the disclosure is solid waste mainly composed of slag and fly ash generated by power generation by using biomass, and mainly comprises silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and other components with volcanic rock active minerals.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a baking-free brick is provided, which uses a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementitious material as a matrix, and biomass ash is wrapped in the matrix, and the biomass ash has an adsorption effect.
Preferably, the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of red mud, 25-35 parts of dolomite, 30-35 parts of aluminum ash and 25-35 parts of desulfurized gypsum;
or the main mineral phases of the red mud-based cementing material are tetracalcium sulphoaluminate, dicalcium silicate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite and calcium sulfate,
preferably, the red mud-based sulphoaluminate clinker is calcium sulphoaluminate (3 CaO.3 (Al))2O3+Fe2O3)·CaSO4) The dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO2) and iron phases are main mineral phases, wherein aluminum in part of tetracalcium sulphoaluminate is replaced by iron, and the three main mineral phases respectively account for 40-60 parts, 15-35 parts and 5-15 parts;
or, the main component of the biomass ash comprises SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、MgO、CaO、K2O、Na2O，
Preferably, it contains SiO235 to 55 percent of Al2O35% -10%, CaO content 8% -20%, MgO content 2% -8%, and Fe content2O3The amount of (B) is 4-8%.
The red mud-based cementing material prepared by the method has the setting time of 15-60min, and the strength of 55-65MPa, 72-80MPa and 85-95MPa in 1 day, 3 days and 28 days respectively.
CaO and K in biomass ash2O、Na2The O, tetracalcium sulphoaluminate and dicalcium silicate in the red mud-based cementing material form an alkali excitation and hydration coupling effect, so that the strength of the baking-free brick prepared by the synergy of the prepared red mud-based cementing material and the biomass power plant ash is high;
the red mud used by the red mud-based cementing material is waste generated by an electrolytic aluminum plant, the dolomite tailings are waste generated by exploiting dolomite ores, the desulfurization gypsum is desulfurization waste generated by a coal-fired power plant, the aluminum ash is waste generated by a secondary aluminum recovery process, and the biomass ash is a mixture of fly ash and slag of a dust remover in the biomass power plant.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for preparing baking-free bricks is provided, which comprises the following steps,
crushing, stirring and homogenizing red mud, dolomite, desulfurized gypsum and aluminum slag to prepare a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material raw material, and calcining at high temperature to form a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material;
screening biomass ash, mixing the screened biomass ash with the prepared red mud-based cementing material according to a specific proportion, adding tap water or industrial wastewater, fully stirring, pouring into a non-fired brick mold, fully compacting by a vibration table, pressing, demolding and maintaining to obtain the material;
preferably, the weight ratio of red mud is 20-30 parts, dolomite is 25-35 parts, aluminum ash is 30-35 parts, and desulfurized gypsum is 25-35 parts;
preferably, the high-temperature calcination temperature is 1230-1280 ℃;
preferably, the calcination time is 20 to 40 minutes, preferably 30 minutes;
preferably, the values of the ground red mud-based cementing material raw material are as follows: coefficient of basicity Cm0.95-1.05, aluminum-silicon ratio: 2.8-3.3, aluminum-sulfur ratio: 3-4.
Preferably, the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material raw material is subjected to high-temperature calcination and then is quenched to form red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material clinker;
or, the method also comprises an aging step, wherein the dried red mud-based cementing material raw material is sent into a grinding mill for full grinding, when the particle size of the powder reaches 80um, the powder is aged for 18-28h, preferably 24 h;
or, the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material clinker and the desulfurized gypsum are matched and ground according to a certain proportion until the specific area is 300-400m2Per g, preferably 340m2/g。
Preferably, the biomass ash screening comprises the following steps: the biomass ash is sieved according to different particle sizes and then is divided into ash with the particle size of less than 200um and vitreous body slag with the medium particle size of 0.2-5 mm.
Preferably, the mixing process of the biomass ash and the red mud-based sulfate cementing material comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing ash with the particle size of less than 200 microns, 0.2-5mm of vitreous body slag with medium particle size, the red mud-based cementing material and a defoaming agent according to a certain proportion to form a baking-free brick stirring material;
preferably, the ash biomass ash with the particle size of less than 200um and the red mud-based cementing material are ground and uniformly mixed to obtain a primary mixed material;
taking medium-particle-size glass body slag, fully stirring and mixing the primary mixed material and the glass body slag to obtain a secondary mixed material, and adding tap water or industrial wastewater to obtain a mortar mixed material;
more preferably, the mass ratio of the ash with the particle size of less than 200um, the red mud-based cementing material, the vitreous body slag and the tap water is 10-20:10-20:50-60:15-30, and more preferably 12:15:55: 20.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps,
1) uniformly mixing 20-30 parts of red mud, 25-35 parts of dolomite, 30-35 parts of aluminum ash and 25-35 parts of desulfurized gypsum according to the mass ratio, and calcining at the high temperature of 1230-;
2) sieving biomass ash slag according to different particle sizes to form ash below 200um and medium-particle-size vitreous slag of 0.2-5 mm;
3) uniformly grinding and mixing ash biomass ash below 200um and a red mud-based cementing material to obtain a primary mixed material; taking medium-particle-size glass body slag, fully stirring and mixing the primary mixed material and the glass body slag to obtain a secondary mixed material, and adding tap water or industrial wastewater to obtain a mortar mixed material;
4) fully stirring 70 parts of the mixed mortar material and 30 parts of water in a homogenizing stirrer, adjusting into slurry, feeding into a baking-free brick grinding tool, placing the mould filled with the slurry on a vibrating table, and vibrating for 0.5-3 minutes to ensure that the slurry in the mould is vibrated and bubbles are eliminated;
5) pressing the compacted mould to solidify and form, curing for 2.5-5 hours at 25 +/-3 ℃ and relative humidity of over 75 percent, and demoulding;
preferably, the mould used for the baking-free brick is rectangular or hexagonal;
preferably, in step 4): if the material layer is sunken after vibration, adding the slurry and vibrating again.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the baking-free brick or the baking-free brick prepared by the above method for preparing the baking-free brick in road paving or construction engineering.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for co-production of sulfuric acid from non-burnt bricks is provided, in which red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementitious material raw materials in the preparation method of non-burnt bricks are calcined by high-sulfur coal, and a decomposition kiln generates high-concentration SO-containing cementitious material raw materials2The kiln gas is prepared into sulfuric acid by an absorption and concentration device.
Preferably, the calcination in the rotary kiln results in a product containing NOx, SO2Wherein the concentration of NOx is less than 30ppm, SO2The concentration of the sulfur dioxide is 7000-8000ppm, the flue gas containing the high-concentration sulfur dioxide enters an absorber after being dedusted by a deduster, and 9Absorbing by more than 8 percent to prepare sulfuric acid.
Preferably, a roller drying device is connected between the rotary kiln and the dust remover, high-temperature flue gas generated by calcining clinker is pumped into a roller dryer by an induced draft fan, the red mud, the desulfurized gypsum and the carbide slag containing certain moisture in the raw materials are dried, and the dried flue gas enters the dust remover for dust removal.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the red mud-based cementing material is used for preparing the light baking-free brick in cooperation with the biomass power plant ash, and raw materials used by the red mud-based cementing material are formed by calcining red mud, dolomite tailings, desulfurized gypsum and aluminum ash at the temperature of 1230-. The light baking-free brick is prepared from the following raw materials: after the biomass ash is sieved, 550g of biomass ash with medium and large particle sizes of 0.2-5mm, 120g of biomass ash with particle sizes less than 0.2mm, 150g of red mud-based cementing material and 200g of water are weighed according to parts by weight.
The baking-free brick prepared from the biomass ash is prepared by the following method:
1) firstly, matching the red mud, the dolomite tailings, the desulfurized gypsum and the aluminum ash according to the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementitious material raw material, drying and grinding.
2) The mixed red mud-based cementing material raw material is calcined in a calcining kiln at 1230-1280 ℃ for 30 minutes and then is quenched to form the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material clinker.
3) Quantitatively mixing the prepared red mud-based sulphoaluminate clinker with the desulfurized gypsum, and grinding the mixture into 300m by a ball mill2Powder of/kg.
4) The biomass ash is sieved into medium and large sized vitreous bodies and small sized ash.
5) Uniformly grinding and mixing 120g of biomass ash and 150g of red mud-based cementing material in parts by weight to obtain a primary mixed material;
6) taking 550g of medium and large-particle vitreous slag, fully stirring and mixing the primary mixed material and the biomass slag to obtain a secondary mixed material, and adding 200g of tap water to obtain a mortar mixed material;
7) the mortar stirred material is sent into a brick press to be pressed, and the size of the baking-free brick is 240 multiplied by 115 multiplied by 90 mm.
The performance indexes of the baking-free bricks prepared by the method are detected according to GB8239-97, and the results are shown in Table 2.
In the invention, the ingredients can be adjusted according to the strength grade of the baking-free brick, and the biomass ash and the slag are both from a biomass power plant. When the primary mixed material and the biomass slag are mixed in the preparation process, a stirring tank is adopted for slow stirring, and the stirring time is set to be 2-5 min. And molding the uniformly stirred mortar mixed material by a brick molding press to obtain a baking-free brick, directly removing the mold after 10-30min, curing the baking-free brick, and spraying water for 3 days for curing, so that the baking-free brick can be directly used for paving, building and other engineering applications.
Example 2
This example is the same as example 1 except for the different ratios of the raw materials.
The baking-free brick prepared from the biomass power plant ash is prepared from the following raw materials: 400g of biomass slag aggregate, 80g of biomass ash, 205g of red mud-based cementing material and 165g of water. The results of the tests on the performance indexes of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 2.
Example 3
This example is the same as example 1 except for the different ratios of the raw materials.
The baking-free brick prepared from the biomass power plant ash is prepared from the following raw materials: 320g of biomass slag aggregate, 80g of biomass ash, 215g of red mud-based cementing material and 148g of water. The results of the tests on the performance indexes of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 2.
Example 4
This example is the same as example 1 except for the different ratios of the raw materials.
The baking-free brick prepared from the biomass power plant ash is prepared from the following raw materials: 160g of biomass slag aggregate, 80g of biomass ash, 560g of cement and 224g of water; the results of the tests on the performance indexes of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 2.
The raw material mixing ratios of examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: examples 1 to 4 raw material mixing ratios
Examples Red mud-based cementing material/g Biomass ash/g Biomass slag/g Water/g
Example 1 150 120 550 200
Example 2 205 80 400 165
Example 3 215 80 320 148
Example 4 167 60 180 98
Table 2 solid waste baking-free brick performance index test results.
Figure BDA0002999338810000081
As can be seen from Table 2, the strength grades of the biomass ash baking-free bricks prepared by the embodiments 1-4 of the invention reach MU10, MU15, MU20 and MU30, and the quality is excellent.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a test for cadmium adsorption in sewage in a baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps of placing the baking-free brick in the cadmium-containing sewage, standing for 2 months, and detecting the cadmium content.
The results show that:
when the mixing amount of the biomass ash is 40 percent of the baking-free brick, the total cadmium in the sewage can be changed into 0.03mg/L after the sewage flows through;
when the doping amount of the biomass ash is 50 percent of the baking-free bricks, the total cadmium in the sewage can be changed into 0.02mg/L after the sewage flows through;
when the doping amount of the biomass ash is 60 percent of the baking-free bricks, the total cadmium in the sewage can be changed into 0.01mg/L after the sewage flows through;
when the biomass ash slag is doped into the baking-free brick with the doping amount of 70%, the total cadmium in the sewage can be changed into 0.009mg/L after the sewage flows through;
when the doping amount of the biomass ash is 80 percent of the baking-free brick, the total cadmium in the sewage can be changed into 0.008mg/L after the sewage flows through;
the disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but rather to the specific embodiments, the disclosure is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The baking-free brick is characterized in that the baking-free brick takes a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material as a matrix, and biomass ash is wrapped in the matrix and has an adsorption effect.
2. The baking-free brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cement material comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of red mud, 25-35 parts of dolomite, 30-35 parts of aluminum ash and 25-35 parts of desulfurized gypsum;
or the main mineral phases of the red mud-based cementing material are tetracalcium sulphoaluminate, dicalcium silicate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite and calcium sulfate,
preferably, the red mud-based sulphoaluminate clinker takes calcium sulphoaluminate, dicalcium silicate and iron phases as main mineral phases, wherein part of aluminum in the tetracalcium sulphoaluminate is replaced by iron, and the three main mineral phases respectively account for 40-60 parts, 15-35 parts and 5-15 parts;
or, the main component of the biomass ash comprises SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、MgO、CaO、K2O、Na2O，
Preferably, it contains SiO235 to 55 percent of Al2O35% -10%, CaO content 8% -20%, MgO content 2% -8%, and Fe content2O3The amount of (B) is 4-8%.
3. A preparation method of baking-free bricks is characterized by comprising the following steps,
crushing, stirring and homogenizing red mud, dolomite, desulfurized gypsum and aluminum slag to prepare a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material raw material, and calcining at high temperature to form a red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material;
screening biomass ash, mixing the screened biomass ash with the prepared red mud-based cementing material according to a specific proportion, adding tap water or industrial wastewater, fully stirring, pouring into a non-fired brick mold, fully compacting by a vibration table, pressing, demolding and maintaining to obtain the material;
preferably, the weight ratio of red mud is 20-30 parts, dolomite is 25-35 parts, aluminum ash is 30-35 parts, and desulfurized gypsum is 25-35 parts;
preferably, the high-temperature calcination temperature is 1230-1280 ℃;
preferably, the calcination time is 20 to 40 minutes, preferably 30 minutes;
preferably, the values of the ground red mud-based cementing material raw material are as follows: coefficient of basicity Cm0.95-1.05, aluminum-silicon ratio: 2.8-3.3, aluminum-sulfur ratio: 3-4.
4. The method for preparing the baking-free brick according to claim 3, wherein the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cement raw material is subjected to high-temperature calcination and then is quenched to form red mud-based sulphoaluminate cement clinker;
or, the method also comprises an aging step, wherein the dried red mud-based cementing material raw material is sent into a grinding mill for full grinding, when the particle size of the powder reaches 80um, the powder is aged for 18-28h, preferably 24 h;
or, the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cementing material clinker and the desulfurized gypsum are matched and ground according to a certain proportion until the specific area is 300-400m2Per g, preferably 340m2/g。
5. The method for preparing the baking-free brick as claimed in claim 3, wherein the screening of the biomass ash comprises the following steps: the biomass ash is sieved according to different particle sizes and then is divided into ash with the particle size of less than 200um and vitreous body slag with the medium particle size of 0.2-5 mm.
6. The preparation method of the baking-free brick as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mixing process of the biomass ash and the red mud-based sulfate cementing material comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing ash with the particle size of less than 200um, the vitreous slag with the medium particle size of 0.2-5mm, the red mud-based cementing material and the defoaming agent according to a certain proportion to form a stirring material of the baking-free brick;
preferably, the ash biomass ash with the particle size of less than 200um and the red mud-based cementing material are ground and uniformly mixed to obtain a primary mixed material;
taking medium-particle-size glass body slag, fully stirring and mixing the primary mixed material and the glass body slag to obtain a secondary mixed material, and adding tap water or industrial wastewater to obtain a mortar mixed material;
more preferably, the mass ratio of the ash with the particle size of less than 200um, the red mud-based cementing material, the vitreous body slag and the tap water is 10-20:10-20:50-60:15-30, and more preferably 12:15:55: 20.
7. A process for preparing a non-burnt brick as claimed in claim 3, which comprises the steps of,
1) uniformly mixing 20-30 parts of red mud, 25-35 parts of dolomite, 30-35 parts of aluminum ash and 25-35 parts of desulfurized gypsum according to the mass ratio, and calcining at the high temperature of 1230-;
2) sieving biomass ash slag according to different particle sizes to form ash below 200um and medium-particle-size vitreous slag of 0.2-5 mm;
3) uniformly grinding and mixing ash biomass ash below 200um and a red mud-based cementing material to obtain a primary mixed material; taking medium-particle-size glass body slag, fully stirring and mixing the primary mixed material and the glass body slag to obtain a secondary mixed material, and adding tap water or industrial wastewater to obtain a mortar mixed material;
4) fully stirring 70 parts of the mixed mortar material and 30 parts of water in a homogenizing stirrer, adjusting into slurry, feeding into a baking-free brick grinding tool, placing the mould filled with the slurry on a vibrating table, and vibrating for 0.5-3 minutes to ensure that the slurry in the mould is vibrated and bubbles are eliminated;
5) pressing the compacted mould to solidify and form, curing for 2.5-5 hours at 25 +/-3 ℃ and relative humidity of over 75 percent, and demoulding;
preferably, in step 4): if the material layer is sunken after vibration, adding the slurry and vibrating again.
8. Use of a baking-free brick obtained by the method of claim 1 or 2 or by the method of any one of claims 3 to 7 in road surfacing or in construction.
9. A method for co-producing sulfuric acid from baking-free bricks is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps that the red mud-based sulphoaluminate cement raw material in the preparation method of the baking-free brick of any one of claims 3 to 7 is calcined by high-sulfur coal, and SO is contained in higher concentration generated by a decomposition kiln2Preparing the kiln gas into sulfuric acid by an absorption concentration device;
preferably, the calcination in the rotary kiln results in a product containing NOx, SO2Wherein the concentration of NOx is less than 30ppm, SO2The concentration of the sulfur dioxide is 7000-8000ppm, the flue gas containing high-concentration sulfur dioxide enters an absorber after being dedusted by a deduster, and the sulfur dioxide is absorbed by more than 98 percent to prepare the sulfuric acid.
10. The method for co-producing sulfuric acid without baking bricks as claimed in claim 9, wherein: and a roller drying device is connected between the rotary kiln and the dust remover, high-temperature flue gas generated by calcining clinker is pumped into a roller dryer by an induced draft fan, the red mud, the desulfurized gypsum and the carbide slag containing certain moisture in the raw materials are dried, and the dried flue gas enters the dust remover for dust removal.
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