CN110922108A - Method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material - Google Patents
Method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110922108A CN110922108A CN201911247260.8A CN201911247260A CN110922108A CN 110922108 A CN110922108 A CN 110922108A CN 201911247260 A CN201911247260 A CN 201911247260A CN 110922108 A CN110922108 A CN 110922108A
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- solid waste
- fly ash
- red mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
Abstract
A method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material belongs to the fields of low-carbon cementing materials and solid waste environmental protection. The method comprises the steps of firstly uniformly mixing rice hull ash, sodium hydroxide and a proper amount of mixed water, placing the mixture in a high-temperature bath kettle for strengthening an excitation reaction, pouring the mixture into a stirring kettle after the mixture is cooled to room temperature, adding red mud until slurry is uniformly stirred, adding municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and continuously stirring for 2-5min to obtain uniform slurry, namely a solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash. The solidification technology of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash provided by the invention utilizes the high-alkali characteristics of the red mud, the excellent physical and chemical adsorption performance, cation exchange capacity and other performance characteristics of the rice hull ash and the red mud, greatly reduces the harm of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash to the ecological environment and the human health, and has the advantages of simple production process, waste treatment by waste, low cost, high efficiency and environmental protection, and remarkable economic and environmental protection significance and wide market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of novel low-carbon cementing materials and solid waste environment protection, provides a method for curing municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and particularly relates to a method for curing municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and improvement of living standard in China, the household garbage incineration technology becomes a mainstream mode of garbage disposal, the fly ash generated in a garbage incineration flue gas treatment system is rich in a large amount of heavy metals, a small amount of dioxin and other pollution poisons and is listed as HW18 dangerous waste, and the yield of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in the whole country in 2020 is expected to be up to 700 ten thousand tons.
The rice and red mud output of China is the first in the world all the year round, only rice hull ash is produced in thousands of tons every year, and the accumulated red mud stockpiling amount of China is up to 5000 thousands of tons. Most of the rice husk ash and the red mud are not recycled, so that a large amount of landfill space is occupied, and the light powder and high alkalinity of the rice husk ash bring serious environmental hidden troubles to atmospheric soil water resources. The red mud is a strong alkaline substance (the pH value is more than 12), main pollutants are alkali, fluoride, sodium, aluminum and the like, the content of the red mud is high and far exceeds the national discharge standard (the Standard for controlling pollution of solid wastes in nonferrous metals industry GB5058-85), the high-alkalinity red mud sewage permeates underground or enters surface water, the pH value of a water body is increased and seriously exceeds the corresponding national standard, and meanwhile, the toxicity of compounds in the water is influenced, and more serious water pollution is caused.
The recycling utilization rate of the rice hull ash, the red mud and the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is low, the stock quantity is increased day by day, the traditional landfill disposal mode of the solid waste and the hazardous waste not only occupies a large amount of land, the disposal cost is high, but also causes serious potential safety hazard to the ecological environment and the human health, and the method becomes an environmental problem to be solved urgently in China. Therefore, the solidification and stabilization safe disposal of dangerous wastes such as fly ash and the like is solved, and the development of an environment-friendly solid waste cooperative resource utilization technology is important for realizing an environment-friendly resource-saving society and practicing circular economy in China.
According to the method for curing the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on the rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, the rice hull ash is used as a silicon source, the red mud is used as an aluminum source, the advantages of high specific surface area, excellent ion exchange capacity, high alkalinity and adsorption property of the red mud and the like are fully utilized, the composite cementing material with stable performance and excellent structure is prepared, the high adsorption performance and excellent mechanical property of a cementing system are fully utilized, heavy metals and organic pollutants in the fly ash are effectively cured, the percolation of pollution poisons of the heavy metals and the organic pollutants is greatly reduced, the method is a novel green, novel and environment-friendly fly ash curing technology, and has a very wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for solidifying the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, which can realize the cooperative recycling of industrial and agricultural solid wastes such as rice hull ash, red mud and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, treat wastes with processes of wastes and realize the harmless treatment of fly ash, and has the advantages of simple technical operation method, rich raw materials, low carbon, environmental protection, economy, high efficiency, environmental protection, substantial saving of treatment cost and landfill space, and obvious technical advantages and economic and environmental protection significance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining the components and the contents of the raw materials as follows: 200-500 parts of rice hull ash, 50-300 parts of sodium hydroxide, 50-350 parts of red mud, 200-650 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and 350-600 parts of mixing water.
Further, the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide is 7: 6-4: 1.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is not less than 20 wt%.
And step two, uniformly mixing the rice hull ash, sodium hydroxide and water according to a certain proportion, placing the mixture in a high-temperature bath kettle, and carrying out an activation reaction under a high-temperature environment, wherein the reaction temperature is 85-150 ℃, and the reaction time is 3-6 hours.
And step three, after cooling to room temperature, pouring the mixture into a stirring pot, adding a certain proportion of red mud, and stirring until the slurry is uniformly stirred.
Fourthly, adding a certain amount of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, continuing stirring for 2-5min, injecting the uniformly stirred slurry into a test mold, filling the test mold, tamping, compacting and forming, and maintaining at a high temperature of 65 ℃; and removing the mould to obtain the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on the rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material. Further, the mold is removed and maintenance is continued, the maintenance temperature is controlled to be 20 +/-2 ℃, and correlation performance measurement is carried out after maintenance is carried out to a corresponding age.
The invention provides a method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, which utilizes rice hull ash as a silicon source and red mud as an aluminum source, and fully utilizes the advantages of high specific surface area, excellent ion exchange capacity, high alkalinity and adsorption property of the red mud and the like of the rice hull ash to prepare the composite cementing material with stable performance and structure. The material has a zeolite molecular sieve structure with high adsorption characteristic and good gelling property, can realize effective solidification of heavy metals and organic poisons in fly ash, and has mechanical property of solidified bodies and leaching toxicity which meet the domestic garbage landfill pollution control standard of China. Compared with the prior art, the matrix material for the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash solidification method provided by the invention belongs to the field of novel low-carbon cementing materials, can realize resource recycling of rice hull ash and red mud, treats waste with waste, is rich and economic in raw materials, simple in operation process, economic, environment-friendly, green and efficient, has remarkable economic and environment-friendly significance and innovation value, and has very wide market prospect.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the technical solutions.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, which comprises the following steps: 350 parts of rice hull ash; 120 parts of sodium hydroxide; 150 parts of red mud; 500 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; 450 parts of mixing water.
The preparation steps are as follows:
firstly, dissolving rice hull ash and sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing, placing in a high-temperature bath kettle at 105 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, pouring into a stirring kettle, adding red mud into the stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, adding municipal domestic waste incineration fly ash into the stirring kettle, continuously mechanically stirring for 5min, uniformly stirring, filling in a mold, vibrating, compacting and forming, demolding, continuously maintaining, controlling the maintenance temperature to be 20 +/-2 ℃, and performing correlation energy determination after maintaining to a corresponding age.
According to the method for solidifying the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on the rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, researches show that the rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material has excellent pore structure characteristics and mechanical properties, and the heavy metals and organic pollutants in the fly ash can be effectively cemented and fixedly sealed in a solidified body by the aid of higher adsorption characteristics and ion exchange capacity of the rice hull ash. Tests prove that the minimum compression strength of the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash prepared by the invention is 8.3MPa, the solidified body of the fly ash meets the strength requirement of China on the solidified body of the fly ash, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China's domestic waste landfill.
Example 2
The invention provides a method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, which comprises the following steps: 210 parts of rice hull ash; 160 parts of sodium hydroxide; 350 parts of red mud; 140 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; 340 parts of mixing water.
The preparation steps are as follows:
firstly, dissolving rice hull ash and sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing, placing in a high-temperature bath kettle at 85 ℃ for 6h, cooling to room temperature, pouring into a stirring kettle, adding red mud into the stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, adding municipal domestic waste incineration fly ash into the stirring kettle, continuously mechanically stirring for 2min, uniformly stirring, filling in a mold, vibrating, compacting and forming, demolding, continuously maintaining, controlling the maintenance temperature to be 20 +/-2 ℃, and performing correlation energy determination after maintaining to a corresponding age.
Tests prove that the compression strength of the solidified body prepared by the invention is 22.8MPa, the solidified body meets the strength requirement of China on the fly ash solidified body, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China household garbage landfill.
Example 3
The invention provides a method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, which comprises the following steps: 490 parts of rice hull ash; 260 parts of sodium hydroxide; 240 parts of red mud; 600 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; 580 parts of mixing water.
The preparation steps are as follows:
firstly, dissolving rice hull ash and sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing, placing in a high-temperature bath kettle at 135 ℃ for 5 hours, cooling to room temperature, pouring into a stirring kettle, adding red mud into the stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, adding municipal domestic waste incineration fly ash into the stirring kettle, continuously mechanically stirring for 3min, uniformly stirring, filling in a mold, vibrating, compacting and forming, demolding, continuously maintaining, controlling the maintenance temperature to be 20 +/-2 ℃, and performing correlation energy determination after maintaining to a corresponding age.
Tests prove that the compression strength of the solidified body prepared by the invention is 10.7MPa, the solidified body meets the strength requirement of China on the fly ash solidified body, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China household garbage landfill.
Example 4
The invention provides a method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material, which comprises the following steps: 400 parts of rice hull ash; 100 parts of sodium hydroxide; 320 parts of red mud; 360 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; 450 parts of mixing water.
The preparation steps are as follows:
firstly, dissolving rice hull ash and sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing, placing in a high-temperature bath kettle at 135 ℃ for 5 hours, cooling to room temperature, pouring into a stirring kettle, adding red mud into the stirring kettle, uniformly stirring, adding municipal domestic waste incineration fly ash into the stirring kettle, continuously mechanically stirring for 5 minutes, uniformly stirring, filling in a mold, vibrating, compacting and forming, demolding, continuously maintaining, controlling the maintenance temperature to be 20 +/-2 ℃, and performing correlation energy determination after maintaining to a corresponding age.
Tests prove that the compression strength of the solidified body prepared by the invention is 16.2MPa, the solidified body meets the strength requirement of China on the fly ash solidified body, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China household garbage landfill.
Table Each example shows leaching toxicity mg/L of heavy metals in the solidified body
| Heavy metals | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Control limits allowed to enter landfill |
| Lead ion | 0.0138 | 0.012 | 0.0115 | 0.0134 | 5 |
| Chromium ion | 0.0368 | 0.0578 | 0.0239 | 0.0467 | 15 |
| Cadmium ion | 0.0236 | 0.0337 | 0.0128 | 0.0346 | 1 |
| Zinc ion | 0.1043 | 0.0665 | 0.1219 | 0.0674 | 100 |
| Copper ion | 0.0215 | 0.126 | 0.0457 | 0.105 | 100 |
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are based on the overall concept of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, improvement or substitution made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for solidifying municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on a rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, determining the components and the contents of the raw materials as follows: 200-500 parts of rice hull ash, 50-300 parts of sodium hydroxide, 50-350 parts of red mud, 200-650 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and 350-600 parts of mixing water;
step two, uniformly mixing the rice hull ash, sodium hydroxide and water, placing the mixture in a high-temperature bath kettle, and carrying out an activation reaction under a high-temperature environment, wherein the reaction temperature is 85-150 ℃ and the reaction time is 3-6 hours;
step three, after cooling to room temperature, pouring the mixture into a stirring pot, adding red mud, and stirring until the slurry is uniformly stirred;
and fourthly, adding the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, continuing stirring for 2-5min, injecting the uniformly stirred slurry into a test mold, maintaining at high temperature, and removing the mold to obtain the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash solidified body based on the rice hull ash-red mud composite cementing material.
2. The method for solidifying the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on the rice hull ash-red mud composite cementitious material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide is 7: 6-4: 1.
3. The method for solidifying the fly ash from burning municipal solid waste based on the rice hull ash-red mud composite cementitious material according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash from burning municipal solid waste is added in an amount of not less than 20 wt%.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112608088A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-06 | 同济大学 | Geopolymer grouting material based on incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof |
| CN113087473A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Baking-free brick and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113105172A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-13 | 燕山大学 | Heavy metal curing baking-free brick utilizing industrial solid waste and household garbage fly ash |
| CN115215569A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | Curing agent for treating municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and preparation method and use method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112608088A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-06 | 同济大学 | Geopolymer grouting material based on incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113105172A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-13 | 燕山大学 | Heavy metal curing baking-free brick utilizing industrial solid waste and household garbage fly ash |
| CN113105172B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-07-08 | 燕山大学 | Heavy metal curing baking-free brick utilizing industrial solid waste and household garbage fly ash |
| CN115215569A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | Curing agent for treating municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and preparation method and use method thereof |
| US11919811B1 (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2024-03-05 | Dalian University Of Technology | Curing agent for disposal of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash and preparation method and use method thereof |
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