CN113078039A - Electron gun device and medical linear accelerator - Google Patents
Electron gun device and medical linear accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113078039A CN113078039A CN202110340940.5A CN202110340940A CN113078039A CN 113078039 A CN113078039 A CN 113078039A CN 202110340940 A CN202110340940 A CN 202110340940A CN 113078039 A CN113078039 A CN 113078039A
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/06—Electron sources; Electron guns
- H01J37/065—Construction of guns or parts thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/06—Electron sources; Electron guns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/06—Electron sources; Electron guns
- H01J37/067—Replacing parts of guns; Mutual adjustment of electrodes
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Abstract
The invention provides an electron gun device and a medical linear accelerator, wherein the electron gun device comprises: the electron gun comprises a first pressing unit, an elastic unit, an electron gun unit and a second pressing unit; the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is arranged opposite to the anode; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the cathode so as to keep the distance between the cathode and the anode at a preset value; or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the electron gun unit, so that the distance between the electron gun unit and the accelerating tube is kept at a preset value. Therefore, the stability of the output of the electron gun device and the input of the accelerating tube is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an electron gun device and a medical linear accelerator.
Background
An electron gun is a device that generates, accelerates, and converges a high energy density electron beam, and is capable of emitting an electron beam having a certain energy, a certain beam, and a velocity and angle. The electron gun is composed of three parts, an emitter (cathode) for generating electrons, a focusing electrode for focusing electron beams, and an extraction electrode (anode) for accelerating electrons. When the electron gun works, under the action of a high-voltage electric field between the anode and the cathode, electrons are emitted from the surface of the cathode heated to over 1000 ℃; the focusing electrode enables electron beams emitted from the surface of the cathode to be converged; the electron beam is accelerated towards the anode and forms a certain beam waist behind the anode. The parameters such as the diameter, position, beam intensity and beam shape of the beam waist are related to the relative position between the cathode and the anode, which determines the output parameters of the electron gun. Furthermore, the medical linear accelerator comprises an electron gun and an accelerating tube, wherein the electron gun injects electron beams into an accelerating tube cavity of the accelerating tube, and the electron beams are accelerated in the accelerating tube cavity to form electron beam output. The relative positions of the cathode and the cavity of the accelerating tube and the anode and the cavity of the accelerating tube of the electron gun influence the input and the output of the accelerating tube, such as the beam spot shape, the beam parameters, the transmission efficiency of the accelerating tube and the like.
However, in the current medical linear accelerator or electron gun apparatus, after a worker detaches and installs the structure of the electron gun, the worker easily causes the relative position between the cathode and the anode of the electron gun, the cathode and the cavity of the acceleration tube, or the anode and the cavity of the acceleration tube to change, especially the axial position of the electron gun to change, and if the change has a position deviation with a preset value, the change will affect the change of the output parameters related to the electron gun or the input parameters of the acceleration tube, especially the change of the parameters related to the electron beam, so that the input of the acceleration tube is extremely unstable.
Therefore, an electron gun apparatus capable of ensuring the repeated positioning accuracy of the electron gun after replacement or disassembly is developed, so that the relative positions of the cathode and the anode of the electron gun, the cathode and the cavity of the acceleration tube of the electron gun or the anode and the cavity of the acceleration tube of the electron gun are kept unchanged, the distance value is maintained at a constant value, and the distance value is maintained consistent with a preset value, thereby ensuring the stability of the output of the electron gun apparatus and the input of the acceleration tube, which has become a problem to be solved by manufacturers of electron guns or medical linear accelerators.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electron gun device and a medical linear accelerator, and aims to solve the problems that after an electron gun is replaced or disassembled, the repeated positioning precision of the relative positions of a cathode and an anode of the electron gun, the cathode and a cavity of an accelerating tube of the electron gun or the anode and the cavity of the accelerating tube of the electron gun is low, and the position deviation exists between a distance value and a preset value, so that the output of the electron gun device and the input stability of the accelerating tube are influenced.
To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an electron gun apparatus, including: the electron gun comprises a first pressing unit, an elastic unit, an electron gun unit and a second pressing unit; the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are connected along the axial direction of the electron gun unit; the second pressing unit is used for being fixed on an accelerating tube; the electron gun unit includes a cathode and an anode; the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is arranged opposite to the anode; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the cathode so as to keep the distance between the cathode and the anode at a preset value; or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is abutted against the second pressing unit; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the electron gun unit, so that the distance between the electron gun unit and the accelerating tube is kept at a preset value.
Optionally, the resilient unit comprises a bellows. Optionally, the elastic unit is arranged along the circumferential direction of the electron gun unit.
Optionally, the electron gun unit further includes an electron gun adaptor; the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the electron gun adapter; or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the electron gun adapter; the electron gun adaptor is connected with the elastic unit and abuts against the second pressing unit.
Optionally, a sealed cavity is formed among the first compressing unit, the second compressing unit, the elastic unit and the electron gun unit.
Optionally, the electron gun apparatus further includes a sealing unit, and the sealing unit is disposed between the first compressing unit and the second compressing unit, and is configured to maintain a seal between the first compressing unit and the second compressing unit.
Optionally, the second pressing unit is integrated with the accelerating tube.
Optionally, the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are detachably connected in an axial direction of the electron gun unit.
Optionally, the electron gun device further includes an electron beam aperture, and the electron beam aperture is disposed in the second compressing unit and is communicated with the anode.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a medical linear accelerator, including: according to the electron gun device and the accelerating tube, the second pressing unit of the electron gun device is fixed on the accelerating tube, the anode of the electron gun device is communicated with the cavity of the accelerating tube, the electron gun device is used for emitting electron beam current, and the accelerating tube is used for receiving the electron beam current.
In an electron gun apparatus and a medical linear accelerator according to the present invention, the electron gun apparatus includes: the electron gun comprises a first pressing unit, an elastic unit, an electron gun unit and a second pressing unit; the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are connected along the axial direction of the electron gun unit; the second pressing unit is used for being fixed on an accelerating tube; the electron gun unit includes a cathode and an anode; the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is arranged opposite to the anode; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the cathode so as to keep the distance between the cathode and the anode at a preset value; or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is abutted against the second pressing unit; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the electron gun unit, so that the distance between the electron gun unit and the accelerating tube is kept at a preset value. So set up, improved the repeated positioning accuracy of electron gun unit after change or dismouting for electron gun cathode and positive pole, electron gun cathode and accelerating tube cavity or electron gun positive pole and accelerating tube cavity's relative position remain unchanged, the distance value maintains the definite value, and the distance value maintains unanimity with the default, and then guarantees the stability of the output of electron gun device, the input of accelerating tube.
Drawings
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are provided for a better understanding of the invention and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electron gun apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an electron gun device including a schematic beam shape according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a medical linear accelerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a medical linear accelerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of another electron gun apparatus according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of another medical linear accelerator according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an electron gun apparatus according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the medical linear accelerator according to the second embodiment.
In the drawings:
100-a first compacting unit;
200-an elastic unit;
300-electron gun unit, 310-cathode, 320-anode, 330-electron gun adapter, 340-electron gun housing;
400-a second compacting unit;
500-a sealing unit;
600-an electron beam flow aperture;
10-accelerating tube, 11-accelerating tube cavity;
20-beam shape local model.
Detailed Description
To further clarify the objects, advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted that the drawings are in greatly simplified form and are not to scale, but are merely intended to facilitate and clarify the explanation of the embodiments of the present invention. Further, the structures illustrated in the drawings are often part of actual structures. In particular, the drawings may have different emphasis points and may sometimes be scaled differently.
As used in this specification, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used in this specification, the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "a number of" are generally used in a sense including "at least one," the terms "at least two" are generally used in a sense including "two or more," furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second" and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or at least two of the features, and the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may for example be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. Furthermore, as used in the present invention, the disposition of an element with another element generally only means that there is a connection, coupling, fit or driving relationship between the two elements, and the connection, coupling, fit or driving relationship between the two elements may be direct or indirect through intermediate elements, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying any spatial positional relationship between the two elements, i.e., an element may be in any orientation inside, outside, above, below or to one side of another element, unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. Furthermore, in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention. The embodiment of the invention provides an electron gun device and a medical linear accelerator, wherein the electron gun device comprises: the electron gun comprises a first pressing unit, an elastic unit, an electron gun unit and a second pressing unit; the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are connected along the axial direction of the electron gun unit; the second pressing unit is used for being fixed on an accelerating tube; the electron gun unit includes a cathode and an anode; the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is arranged opposite to the anode; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the cathode so as to keep the distance between the cathode and the anode at a preset value; or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is abutted against the second pressing unit; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the electron gun unit, so that the distance between the electron gun unit and the accelerating tube is kept at a preset value. So set up, improved the repeated positioning accuracy of electron gun unit after change or dismouting for electron gun cathode and positive pole, electron gun cathode and accelerating tube cavity or electron gun positive pole and accelerating tube cavity's relative position remain unchanged, the distance value maintains the definite value, and the distance value maintains unanimity with the default, and then guarantees the stability of the output of electron gun device, the input of accelerating tube. Furthermore, the elastic unit comprises a corrugated pipe, the corrugated pipe is high in compressive strength and stable in performance, and axial force can be effectively provided for the cathode or the anode.
The following description refers to the accompanying drawings.
[ EXAMPLES one ]
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electron gun apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 2 is a schematic view of an electron gun apparatus including a schematic beam shape according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic view of a medical linear accelerator according to a first embodiment; fig. 4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a medical linear accelerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of another electron gun apparatus according to the first embodiment. Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of another medical linear accelerator according to the first embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, the electron gun apparatus includes: a first pressing unit 100, an elastic unit 200, an electron gun unit 300, and a second pressing unit 400.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the first pressing unit 100 is preferably an upper sealing flange, for example, and the second pressing unit 400 is preferably a lower sealing flange, for example, and the first pressing unit 100 and the second pressing unit 400 are connected along the axial direction of the electron gun unit 300, so that a worker can conveniently detach and replace parts of the electron gun apparatus, and the maintenance and the service of the electron gun apparatus are facilitated. Preferably, the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are detachably connected along the axial direction of the electron gun unit, so that the maintenance and the repair work of workers are further facilitated. In other embodiments, the first pressing unit 100 and the second pressing unit 400 may also be other structural members capable of being detachably connected, and are not limited to an upper sealing flange and a lower sealing flange, and of course, the first pressing unit 100 and the second pressing unit 400 are not limited to a flange connection, and may also be other mechanical connection manners, such as a snap connection, and the like. The second pressing unit 400 is used to be fixed on an accelerating tube 10, so that the distance from the second pressing unit 400 to the accelerating tube cavity 11 of the accelerating tube 10 is not changed. The second pressing unit 400 is preferably welded to the acceleration tube 10, for example, to ensure a stable connection between the second pressing unit 400 and the acceleration tube 10. In other embodiments, the connection manner between the second pressing unit 400 and the accelerating tube 10 is not limited to welding, and those skilled in the art can set the connection manner according to actual situations, which is not described herein again.
The electron gun unit 300 includes a cathode 310 and an anode 320. The cathode 310 and the anode 320 are always disposed opposite to each other. The direction in which the cathode 310 and the anode 320 of the electron gun unit 300 are disposed opposite to each other is the axial direction of the electron gun unit 300, and it can be understood that the direction in which electrons are emitted from the electron gun unit 300 is the axial direction of the electron gun unit 300.
The arrangement of the anode 320 of the electron gun unit 300 provided in this embodiment may be in two ways. As shown in fig. 1, in the first embodiment, the anode 320 is disposed on the second compressing unit 400, so that the distance between the anode 320 and the cavity 11 of the acceleration tube is constant, the relative position between the anode 320 and the cavity 11 of the acceleration tube is not changed, and the distance value between the anode 320 and the cavity 11 of the acceleration tube is consistent with the set value, thereby laying a foundation for the stability of the input parameters of the acceleration tube 10. In the second embodiment, the anode 320 and the cathode 310 may be fixedly disposed opposite to each other along the axial direction, which may be referred to in the second embodiment. The anode 320 may preferably be used to communicate with the acceleration tube cavity 11 of the acceleration tube 10, so that emitted electrons can be emitted into the acceleration tube cavity 11. The cathode 310 is disposed opposite to the anode 320 such that emitted electrons can move substantially along the axial direction.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the cathode 310 is connected to the first compressing unit 100 through an elastic unit 200. The elastic unit 200 is disposed along an axial direction of the electron gun unit 300, one end of the elastic unit 200 is connected to the first compressing unit 100, and the other end of the elastic unit 200 is connected to the second compressing unit 400, and the elastic unit 200 provides an axial force to the cathode 310, so that a distance between the cathode 310 and the anode 320 is maintained at a predetermined value. It should be noted that the preset value is, for example, a design value obtained by a worker through theoretical calculation according to the requirement of the electron gun output parameter or the electron beam current shape, and in this embodiment, the preset value represents a theoretical distance value between the cathode 310 and the anode 320. It should be understood that the preset value is not limited to a specific value, and may be a preset range, and the distance between the cathode 310 and the anode 320 is maintained within the preset range. When a worker installs the electron gun apparatus, the first compressing unit 100 compresses and connects to the second compressing unit 400 along the axial direction, and at the same time, the elastic unit 200 provides an axial force to the cathode 310, specifically, the axial force provided by the elastic unit 200 may represent a force in a direction opposite to the compressing direction of the first compressing unit 100, so that the elastic unit 200 can provide an axial pre-tightening force to the cathode 310, the repeated positioning accuracy of the electron gun apparatus after replacement or disassembly is improved, the adjustment of the installation size of the electron gun unit 300 in the axial position during use can be satisfied, it is ensured that the relative position between the cathode 310 and the anode 320 is kept unchanged when the cathode 310 is subjected to the load of the first compressing unit 400, so that the distance value between the two electrodes is kept at a constant value and is kept consistent with a preset value, and further ensuring the stability of parameter output such as the diameter, the position, the electron beam intensity, the electron beam shape and the like of the beam waist of the electron gun device. Further, the second compressing unit 400 is fixedly arranged on the accelerating tube 10, the anode 320 is arranged on the second compressing unit 400, and the relative position between the cathode 310 and the anode 320 is not changed, so that the relative position between the cathode 310 and the accelerating tube cavity 11 is also not changed, and the distance value between the cathode 310 and the accelerating tube cavity is consistent with a preset value, thereby ensuring the stability of input parameters such as the beam spot shape of the accelerating tube, the beam parameter and the accelerating tube transmission efficiency, ensuring that the optimal value can be maximally designed when the electron beam enters the accelerating tube cavity 11, and further improving the transmission efficiency of the medical linear accelerating tube. Similarly, when the electron gun apparatus is in use, if the axial position of the electron gun unit 300 needs to be adjusted, for example, the first pressing unit 100 and the second pressing unit 400 are screwed, the electron gun unit 300 is replaced with a new one, and the sealing unit 500 is replaced, the elastic unit 200 can ensure that the relative positions of the cathode 310 and the anode 320, the anode 320 and the accelerator cavity 11, and the cathode 310 and the accelerator cavity 11 are unchanged.
Preferably, the elastic unit 200 is, for example, a corrugated tube, which has high compressive strength and stable performance and can effectively provide an axial force for the cathode 310 or the anode 320. In other embodiments, the elastic unit 200 may also be other components capable of providing an axial force, such as a spring sealing tube.
More preferably, the elastic unit 200 is made of a metal material, and the metal material enables the elastic unit 200 to maintain good sealing performance, so that the elastic unit 200 can maintain a vacuum environment between the cathode 310 and the anode 320. Preferably, the elastic unit 200 is made of stainless steel, which has excellent sealing performance, so as to ensure a good vacuum environment between the cathode 310 and the anode 320. Of course, those skilled in the art can select the material of the elastic unit 200 according to actual requirements. In other embodiments, the electron gun apparatus may further include a vacuum sealing unit disposed around the elastic unit 200 to further ensure that the elastic unit 200 has a good vacuum sealing performance. Preferably, the elastic unit 200, the cathode 310 and the first compressing unit 100 may be connected by welding.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the elastic units 200 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the electron gun unit 300, so that the electron gun unit 300 is uniformly stressed in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, further ensuring that the cathode 310 or the anode 320 of the electron gun unit 300 is uniformly stressed, and ensuring the stability of the relative position of the cathode 310 from the anode 320 and the accelerator tube cavity 11. Specifically, in this embodiment, the elastic unit 200 may be sleeved outside the electron gun unit 300, for example, a corrugated tube with a diameter larger than the radial dimension of the electron gun unit 300 is sleeved outside the electron gun unit 300, of course, the number of the elastic units 200 may be one or more, and those skilled in the art select the number of the elastic units 200 according to actual design. In other embodiments, the elastic units 200 may also be distributed along the circumference of the electron gun unit 300, for example, at least one elastic unit 200, for example, two, three or other numbers, are uniformly distributed around the electron gun unit 300, and the elastic units 200 are uniformly distributed. Of course, the elastic units 200 may be unevenly distributed around the electron gun unit 300, and the number and distribution of the elastic units 200 may be adaptively selected by those skilled in the art according to the requirement. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the electron gun unit 300 further includes an electron gun adaptor 330. When the anode 320 is disposed on the second compressing unit 400, the cathode 310 is connected to the electron gun adaptor 330. The electron gun adaptor 330 is connected to the elastic unit 200 and abuts against the second pressing unit 400. In this embodiment, the electron gun adaptor 330 may be, for example, an annular structure, and may specifically be a sheet-shaped annular structure, an inner ring of the annular structure of the electron gun adaptor 330 is connected to the cathode 310, a surface of the annular structure of the electron gun adaptor 330 is connected to the elastic unit 200, so that an axial force of the elastic unit 200 is pressed against the electron gun adaptor 330, and the electron gun adaptor 330 limits an axial position change of the cathode 310. Of course, the shape of the electron gun adaptor 330 is not limited in this embodiment, and it may also be a square ring shape, etc., and those skilled in the art may set the shape according to actual requirements. It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, a person skilled in the art may not provide the electron gun adaptor 330 according to actual requirements, and the cathode 310 and the elastic unit 200 may be directly connected, and may also meet the requirement of the elastic unit 200 for providing the axial force.
Preferably, since the emission of electrons from the cathode 310 of the electron gun unit 300 is performed in a vacuum environment, a sealed cavity is formed between the first compressing unit 100, the second compressing unit 400, the elastic unit 200, and the electron gun unit 300, as shown in fig. 1. Preferably, the electron gun unit 300 further includes an electron gun housing 340, and the cathode 310 is connected to the electron gun housing 340 such that the electron gun housing 340 and the cathode 310 are jointly acted by the elastic unit 200. The electron gun housing 340 is connected to the elastic unit 200. Preferably, the elastic unit 200 and the electron gun housing 340 may be directly connected, for example, welded, so that a sealed cavity is formed between the first pressing unit 100, the second pressing unit 400, the elastic unit 200 and the electron gun unit 300.
Preferably, the electron gun apparatus further includes a sealing unit 500, wherein the sealing unit 500 is disposed between the first pressing unit 100 and the second pressing unit 400, and is used for maintaining the sealing between the first pressing unit 100 and the second pressing unit 400. More preferably, the sealing unit 500 includes a sealing gasket, such as an annular structural member. More preferably, the sealing gasket may be a compressed metal, and the sealing is achieved by the compressed metal. When the operator replaces the electron gun apparatus and compresses the sealing unit 500 to achieve sealing, the elastic unit 200 in the compressed state has an axial force, so that the cathode 310 and the electron gun adaptor 330 are always tightly attached to the second compressing unit 400.
Preferably, the second pressing unit 400 is integrated with the acceleration tube 10, so that the connection between the second pressing unit 400 and the acceleration tube 10 is kept fixed, and errors generated when the second pressing unit 400 and the acceleration tube 10 are installed are avoided. Furthermore, the arrangement may be such that when the first pressing unit 100 is connected to the second pressing unit 400, the first pressing unit 100 may be directly connected to the acceleration tube 10.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electron gun apparatus further includes an electron beam hole 600, the electron beam hole 600 is disposed in the second compressing unit 400 and is communicated with the anode 320, the anode 320 is communicated with the accelerator cavity 11 through the electron beam hole 600, the electron beam hole 600 serves as a channel of an electron beam, so that the electron beam is emitted from the anode 320, enters the accelerator cavity 11, and provides a condition for ensuring the conformity of the beam shape local model 20 and the design shape.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment further provides a medical linear accelerator, which includes the electron gun device and the accelerating tube, wherein the second pressing unit 400 of the electron gun device is fixed on the accelerating tube 10. The acceleration tube 10 has, for example, an acceleration tube cavity 11. The anode 320 of the electron gun device is communicated with the accelerator tube cavity 11 of the accelerator tube 10, the electron gun device is used for emitting electron beam current, and the accelerator tube 10 is used for accelerating the electron beam current. The medical linear accelerator has the beneficial effects brought by the electron gun device, and the description is omitted here. The structure and principle of other components of the medical linear accelerator can be referred to the prior art, and are not explained herein.
[ example two ]
Referring to fig. 7 to 8, fig. 7 is a schematic view of an electron gun apparatus according to a second embodiment; fig. 8 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the medical linear accelerator according to the second embodiment.
The same parts of the electron gun apparatus of the second embodiment as those of the first embodiment will not be described again, and only different points will be described below.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the electron gun apparatus includes: a first pressing unit 100, an elastic unit 200, an electron gun unit 300, and a second pressing unit 400. The first pressing unit 100 and the second pressing unit 400 are connected in the axial direction of the electron gun unit 300, and the second pressing unit 400 is fixed to an acceleration tube 10.
As shown in fig. 7, the anode 320 and the cathode 310 are fixedly disposed opposite to each other along the axial direction, so that the relative position between the anode 320 and the cathode 310 is kept unchanged, the distance between the cathode 320 and the anode 310 is consistent with a preset value, and the stability of the output parameters of the electron gun apparatus is ensured. The electron gun unit 300 is connected to the first compressing unit 100 through an elastic unit 200, and abuts against the second compressing unit 400. For example, any one of the components of the electron gun unit 300 may be connected to the first compressing unit 100 through the elastic unit 200, and may specifically be a cathode 310 or an anode 320. The elastic unit 200 is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit 300, and provides an axial force for the electron gun unit 300, so that the elastic unit 200 can provide an axial pre-tightening force for the electron gun unit 300, so as to keep the distance between the electron gun unit 300 and the accelerating tube 10 at a preset value, improve the repeated positioning precision of the electron gun device after replacement or disassembly, ensure that the relative positions between the cathode 310, the anode 320 and the accelerating tube 10 of the electron gun unit 300 are kept unchanged when the electron gun unit 300 is subjected to the load of the first compressing unit 100, ensure that the distance values between the cathode 310 and the accelerating tube cavity 11 of the accelerating tube 10, and the distance values between the anode 320 and the accelerating tube cavity 11 are consistent with the preset values, and further ensure the stability of the input parameters of the accelerating tube 10. In the second embodiment, the preset value represents a theoretical distance value between the electron gun unit 300 and the accelerating tube 10. The anode 320 and the cathode 310 may be fixed in a manner conventional in the art, for example, preferably by welding, thereby achieving a constant relative position between the anode 320 and the cathode 310. Preferably, the electron gun unit 300 further includes an electron gun housing 340, and the electron gun housing 340 may be fixedly connected to the cathode 310 and the anode 320, such that the electron gun housing 340 and the cathode 310 and the anode 320 can be jointly acted by the elastic unit 200. The electron gun device is connected with the first compressing unit 100 through the elastic unit 200 by at least one of the anode 320, the cathode 310 and the electron gun unit 300, so that the distance values between the cathode 310 and the accelerating tube cavity 11 of the accelerating tube 10, and between the anode 320 and the accelerating tube cavity 11 are consistent with preset values. In other embodiments, preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the anode 320 of the electron gun unit 300 is connected to the first compressing unit 100 through the elastic unit 200. The anode 320 is in communication with the acceleration tube cavity 11. For details, reference may be made to embodiment one. In other embodiments, the electron gun housing 340 can be directly coupled to the elastic unit 200, thereby allowing the electron gun unit 300 to be restricted by the axial force of the elastic unit 200.
Preferably, the electron gun unit 300 is connected to the electron gun adaptor 330, the electron gun adaptor 330 is connected to the elastic unit 200, and the arrangement of the electron gun adaptor 330 enables the elastic unit 200 to better provide an axial force for the electron gun adaptor 330. Any one of the components of the electron gun unit 300, such as the anode 320, the cathode 310, or the electron gun housing 340, is connected to the electron gun adaptor 330, so that the electron gun unit 300 receives the force of the electron gun adaptor 300. Preferably, the anode 320 is connected to the elastic unit 200 through the electron gun adaptor 330.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a sealed cavity is formed among the first compressing unit 100, the second compressing unit 400, the elastic unit 200, and the electron gun unit 300. In the second embodiment, the electron gun adaptor 330 of the electron gun unit 300 is directly connected to the elastic unit 200, so that a sealed cavity is formed between the first pressing unit 100, the second pressing unit 400, the elastic unit 200 and the electron gun unit 300. Preferably, the electron gun housing 340 of the electron gun unit 300 is directly connected to the elastic unit 200, so that a sealed cavity is formed among the first compressing unit 100, the second compressing unit 400, the elastic unit 200 and the electron gun unit 300.
It should be noted that in the second embodiment, the connection between the electron gun unit 300 and the elastic unit 200 can refer to the connection between the cathode 310 and the elastic unit 200 in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted here.
In summary, in an electron gun apparatus and a medical linear accelerator according to the present invention, the electron gun apparatus includes: the electron gun comprises a first pressing unit, an elastic unit, an electron gun unit and a second pressing unit; the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are connected along the axial direction of the electron gun unit; the second pressing unit is used for being fixed on an accelerating tube; the electron gun unit includes a cathode and an anode; the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is arranged opposite to the anode; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the cathode so as to keep the distance between the cathode and the anode at a preset value; or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is abutted against the second pressing unit; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the electron gun unit, so that the distance between the electron gun unit and the accelerating tube is kept at a preset value. So set up, improved the repeated positioning accuracy of electron gun unit after change or dismouting for electron gun cathode and positive pole, electron gun cathode and accelerating tube cavity or electron gun positive pole and accelerating tube cavity's relative position remain unchanged, the distance value maintains the definite value, and the distance value maintains unanimity with the default, and then guarantees the stability of the output of electron gun device, the input of accelerating tube.
It should be noted that the important point in each embodiment in this specification is that the embodiment is different from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts in each embodiment may be referred to each other.
It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many changes and modifications can be made, or equivalents modified, in the embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the content of the technical solution of the present invention is departed from.
Claims (10)
1. An electron gun apparatus, comprising: the electron gun comprises a first pressing unit, an elastic unit, an electron gun unit and a second pressing unit;
the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are connected along the axial direction of the electron gun unit; the second pressing unit is used for being fixed on an accelerating tube;
the electron gun unit includes a cathode and an anode;
the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is arranged opposite to the anode; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the cathode so as to keep the distance between the cathode and the anode at a preset value;
or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the first pressing unit through an elastic unit and is abutted against the second pressing unit; the elastic unit is arranged along the axial direction of the electron gun unit and provides axial force for the electron gun unit, so that the distance between the electron gun unit and the accelerating tube is kept at a preset value.
2. The electron gun apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said elastic unit comprises a bellows.
3. The electron gun apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said elastic unit is arranged along a circumferential direction of said electron gun unit.
4. The electron gun apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said electron gun unit further comprises an electron gun adaptor;
the anode is arranged on the second pressing unit, and the cathode is connected with the electron gun adapter; or the anode and the cathode are fixedly arranged oppositely along the axial direction, and the electron gun unit is connected with the electron gun adapter;
the electron gun adaptor is connected with the elastic unit and abuts against the second pressing unit.
5. The electron gun apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a sealed chamber is formed between the first pressing unit, the second pressing unit, the elastic unit, and the electron gun unit.
6. The electron gun apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing unit provided between the first and second pressing units for maintaining a seal between the first and second pressing units.
7. The electron gun apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second pressing unit is integrated with the acceleration tube.
8. The electron gun apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first pressing unit and the second pressing unit are detachably connected in an axial direction of the electron gun unit.
9. The electron gun apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an electron beam aperture provided in the second compressing unit and communicating with the anode.
10. A medical linear accelerator, comprising: the electron gun apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and an acceleration tube, wherein the second pressing unit of the electron gun apparatus is fixed to the acceleration tube, an anode of the electron gun apparatus is in communication with an acceleration tube cavity of the acceleration tube, the electron gun apparatus is configured to emit an electron beam, and the acceleration tube is configured to accelerate the electron beam.
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| CN202110340940.5A CN113078039A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Electron gun device and medical linear accelerator |
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| CN202110340940.5A CN113078039A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Electron gun device and medical linear accelerator |
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