CN113075286A - Steel wire rope flaw detector with permanent magnet capable of moving axially - Google Patents
Steel wire rope flaw detector with permanent magnet capable of moving axially Download PDFInfo
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- CN113075286A CN113075286A CN202110341612.7A CN202110341612A CN113075286A CN 113075286 A CN113075286 A CN 113075286A CN 202110341612 A CN202110341612 A CN 202110341612A CN 113075286 A CN113075286 A CN 113075286A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
- G01N27/85—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields using magnetographic methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/07—Hall effect devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive flaw detection of steel wire ropes, and discloses a detection principle of a permanent magnet flaw detector capable of moving axially and an internal structure of the flaw detector. The permanent magnet axial moving device is arranged to reduce the opposite force formed by the symmetrical magnetic pole sectioning surface in the inner cavity of the flaw detector when the flaw detector is installed on a steel wire rope. The axial moving device is of a symmetrical structure and is symmetrical left and right. The axial moving device structure includes: two-way screw, magnet removal support frame, removal slide rail, permanent magnet isotructure constitute, and the theory of operation is: the magnetic flaw detector is characterized in that a spiral moving device is installed inside the flaw detector, a bidirectional spiral lead screw is additionally arranged, a magnet is installed on the bidirectional spiral lead screw and moves on a movable support frame, a permanent magnet is embedded in the support frame, the magnet moves on the movable support frame when the bidirectional spiral lead screw is rotated, the permanent magnet corresponds to a sectioning surface to generate an axial distance, and at the moment, opposite magnetic poles are spaced at a certain distance to avoid the phenomenon of mutual exclusion of the magnetic poles in the process of installing the flaw detector and ensure the safety of operators and instruments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of steel wire ropes, in particular to an axial movement technical method of a permanent magnet in a flaw detector.
Background
The steel wire rope is a key part of important equipment related to life and production safety, such as hoisting machinery, elevators and the like, and has unique replaceable functions in the processes of lifting, bearing, traction, tensioning and the like. The safe use of the steel wire rope has important social and economic benefits. The nondestructive testing research of the steel wire rope has important significance for safe use of the steel wire rope and avoiding huge economic waste.
The nondestructive testing method for steel wire ropes is various, and includes ultrasonic testing, radiation testing, acoustic emission testing, eddy current testing, electromagnetic testing, mechanical testing, acoustic testing, current testing, optical testing, vibration testing, and the like, which are commonly used in nondestructive testing. Until recently, electromagnetic detection is one of the most practical detection methods currently recognized.
According to different working principles of electromagnetic detection methods, the magnetization modes are classified into alternating current magnetization, direct current magnetization and permanent magnet magnetization. The alternating current magnetization detection precision is low, the sensor is easy to heat and the operation is troublesome; although the direct current magnetization has the advantage of adjustable excitation intensity, the equipment has large weight and complex structure, and matched direct current power supply equipment is required to be provided during working. Due to the limitations of both, these two methods have been phased out in recent years. The permanent magnetic magnetization detection device is small in size, light in weight, convenient to use and low in detection cost, and particularly, the advantages of the permanent magnetic magnetization detection device are more obvious due to the development and application of novel permanent magnetic materials in recent years, so that a large number of permanent magnetic magnetization modes are used in a magnetic detection method.
The method mainly solves the general problems of the wire rope flaw detector which adopts a wide range of permanent magnets as a magnetization mode. In the existing permanent magnet type wire rope flaw detectors, most flaw detectors do not make a good solution to the phenomenon that the magnetic poles of permanent magnets repel each other when the flaw detectors are installed. The experience of a large amount of field experiments shows that when the permanent magnet type wire rope flaw detector is installed on a target wire rope, the permanent magnet type wire rope flaw detector has strong magnetic hysteresis mutual exclusion phenomenon due to the characteristic of a permanent magnet, so that the permanent magnet type flaw detector is quickly installed and closed when the permanent magnet type flaw detector is used by an operator, installation accuracy needs to be noticed, and the use difficulty of the operator is increased. When an operator does not correctly close the permanent magnet type flaw detector, the flaw detector is bounced open by hysteresis reaction force in the installation process, the flaw detector is damaged, and the operator is hurt.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a steel wire rope flaw detector with a permanent magnet capable of moving axially, wherein the axial distance of the permanent magnet at the corresponding closed position in the flaw detector is timely adjusted through a permanent magnet axial moving device, so that the phenomenon that the permanent magnets repel each other when the flaw detector is installed is solved.
The invention adopts the NdFeB permanent magnet with the model number of N48, and the main magnetic flux direction is radial, so that a stronger magnetic field passes through the inside of the steel wire rope. The permanent magnet, the steel wire rope and the shell are used for realizing a complete magnetic path in the instrument. The neodymium iron boron permanent magnet can quickly magnetize the steel wire rope which runs dynamically, and is not influenced by the speed of the steel wire rope. When the inside or the outside of the steel wire rope in the magnetic circuit is damaged, the magnetic field at the damaged part is changed, magnetic leakage is regulated through the magnetic gathering ring arranged inside, and then the magnetic leakage is detected through the Hall element, so that the health condition of the steel wire rope is detected.
For a permanent magnet type steel wire rope flaw detector in a non-working state, the permanent magnet type steel wire rope flaw detector is generally in a non-closed state so as to reduce hysteresis loss of a permanent magnet. When the permanent magnet type steel wire rope flaw detector is closed, the permanent magnet type steel wire rope flaw detector is fixed through a fixing lock arranged on a flaw detector shell, so that the flaw detector is prevented from being bounced open due to mutual repulsion of magnets. In the transition from non-closed to closed state, because of the hysteresis mutual exclusion of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet axial moving device is installed in the permanent magnet type steel wire rope flaw detector, and the permanent magnet axial moving device structurally comprises: two-way screw, magnet removal support frame, removal slide rail, permanent magnet isotructure constitute, and the theory of operation is: the magnetic flaw detector is characterized in that a spiral moving device is installed inside the flaw detector, a bidirectional spiral lead screw is additionally arranged, a magnet is installed on the bidirectional spiral lead screw and moves on a support frame, a permanent magnet is embedded in the support frame, the magnet moves the support frame when the bidirectional spiral lead screw is rotated, an axial distance is generated between the permanent magnet and a corresponding sectioning surface, and at the moment, opposite magnetic poles are spaced at a certain distance, so that the phenomenon of mutual exclusion of the magnetic poles in the process of installing the flaw detector is avoided, and the safety of.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front elevational profile structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the flaw detector housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a magnet movement support structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the magnet moving support installation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a collision avoidance system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side sectional view of the mounting location of the bumper system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the axial displacement device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a bidirectional screw structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view illustrating the axial movement of the magnetic poles in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an exploded view of an integral part of the invention;
the figures are labeled as follows:
01: instrument handle
02: dust-proof plug
03: flaw detector upper shell
04: flaw detector lower shell
05: port baffle
06: movable support frame baffle
07: magnet moving support frame
08: permanent magnet
09: guide rail inner sleeve
10: guide rail
11: hall element detection circuit
12: flaw detector lining
13: collision avoidance system
14: bidirectional screw
15: screw nut
16: lead screw supporting seat
17: lock catch
18: hinge
19: four-corner anti-collision head
20: spring
21: hexagon screw
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a front profile view of the present invention. In fig. 1, an instrument handle (01) is axially mounted on an upper shell (03) of the flaw detector through a screw, and the axial arrangement of the instrument handle (01) is convenient for an operator to use the wire rope flaw detector. Simultaneously at flaw detector upper portion shell (03) and flaw detector lower part shell (04) installation dust plug (02), winding displacement need be drawn forth in hall element detection circuit (11) of instrument under general condition, and owing to arrange the vacancy in for a long time in the current period when the instrument is not used, there is impurity such as dust and iron fillings to get into the inside influence detection circuit's of flaw detector precision, inserts dust plug (02) into the winding displacement hole when the instrument of detecting a flaw is not used from this, prevents that impurity from getting into the flaw detector. In fig. 1, the lock catch (17) is used for preventing the hysteresis reaction force of the corresponding magnetic pole from bouncing off the flaw detector, and the specific use method is that an operator closes the split flaw detector through external force, and after closing, the upper part and the lower part of the lock catch (17) are fastened mutually, so that the effect of locking the flaw detector is achieved.
Fig. 2 is a rear view of the external configuration of the present invention, which mainly shows the installation position and arrangement of the hinge (18), and the hinge (18) is divided into two parts, and is sequentially installed on the upper case (03) and the lower case (04) of the flaw detector. The hinge (18) is used for fixing the relative position of the upper part and the lower part of the split flaw detector. The internal structures of the upper shell (03) and the lower shell (04) of the flaw detector are basically the same, and the main difference is that the external mounting parts are different, the upper part of the upper shell (03) of the flaw detector is provided with an instrument handle (01), and four support legs are uniformly distributed below the lower shell (04) of the flaw detector.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the flaw detector housing of the present invention, in which the left side view is a full sectional view for clearly showing the internal structure of the housing. Note numbers of (i) to (ii) in fig. 3 are used only for indicating the parts mounting positions in the flaw detector. Wherein: the mounting position of a screw nut (15) is shown; the mounting position of the anti-collision system (13); thirdly, the mounting position of the guide rail (10) in the shell of the flaw detector is set; the nut mounting position of the movable bracket baffle (06) is fixed; the mounting position of a nut of the instrument handle (01) is fixed; sixthly, the position for installing the dustproof plug (02) and the position for leading out the flat cable of the Hall element detection circuit (11).
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a magnet movement support structure according to the present invention. The grooves on two sides of the magnet moving support frame (07) are used for fixing the positions of the magnet moving support frame and the guide rail (10), and an upper through hole expressed in the left view in figure 4 is used for installing a screw nut (15). The main component permanent magnet (08) of the flaw detector is arranged below the magnet moving support frame (07), and the permanent magnet (08) is arranged in the inner cavity of the magnet moving support frame (07) and moves axially along with the lead screw nut (15).
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the magnet moving support in the present invention. In the figure, a permanent magnet (08) is connected with a magnet moving support frame (07) through clearance fit, guide rail inner sleeves (09) are arranged in grooves on two sides of the magnet moving support frame (07), and the guide rail inner sleeves (09) are in contact with a guide rail (10) through a low secondary surface so as to support the magnet moving support frame (07) to move axially in the flaw detector. The guide rail (10) is arranged in the inner cavity of the upper shell (03) of the flaw detector, and the end part of the guide rail (10) is fixed at the opposite position by a screw. The lower arc-shaped bridge of the magnet moving support frame (07) is in clearance fit with the outer ring of the flaw detector lining (12) so as to ensure the axial movement of the magnet moving support frame (07).
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a collision avoidance system of the present invention. The total number of the flaw detector is 8, and the collision avoidance system (13) comprises the following components: four corner anti-collision heads (19), springs (20) and hexagonal screws (21). The specific implementation mode is as follows: the four-corner anti-collision head (19) is limited in a movable range by the hexagon screw (21) through the head of the top screw, a spring is arranged on one side of the four-corner anti-collision head (19) close to the inner cavity of the flaw detector, and the spring (20) and the anti-collision head (19) are fixed in the inner cavity of the flaw detector together by the hexagon screw (21). Because the bidirectional screw (14) is adopted in the flaw detector, the screw of the type has the characteristics of high efficiency and high movement speed, and in order to prevent the magnet from moving the support frame (07) to be in direct contact with the inner wall of the flaw detector, a spring anti-collision system (13) is arranged, namely, the inner wall of the flaw detector is prevented from being scratched by the magnet which moves the support frame (07) at an excessively high movement speed, and the influence of metal scraps which are peeled off from the inner wall on the accuracy of electromagnetic detection is avoided.
Fig. 7 is a schematic side sectional view of the mounting position of the anti-collision system in the invention, and the static mounting position of the anti-collision system (13) is shown by using the side sectional view for clearly expressing the internal structure of the shell. The middle symmetrical plane of the flaw detector is taken as a mirror plane, and four independent anti-collision systems (13) are respectively arranged on two sides of the flaw detector. When the anti-collision head (19) is in a static position, the end part of the anti-collision head is higher than the inner wall of the flaw detector by a certain distance, when the magnet moves the support frame (07) to contact the anti-collision head (19), the position of the hexagon screw (21) is fixed, and the anti-collision head (19) extrudes the spring (20) to absorb kinetic energy, so that the buffer effect is achieved.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the composition of the axial moving device according to the present invention, which is a simplified movement model with the upper case (03) and lower case (04) of the flaw detector, the instrument handle (01), and the like removed. The screw rod supporting seat (16) is installed in a through hole in the upper portion of the port baffle plate (05) through a screw, and the screw rod supporting seat (16) plays a role in fixing the bidirectional screw rod (14) and bearing radial axial moment of the screw rod. Lead screw nuts (15) are installed in through holes in the middle of the magnet moving support frame (07), guide rails (10) installed on two sides in the inner cavity of the flaw detector and a flaw detector lining (12) play roles in guiding and supporting the position of the magnet moving support frame (07), when the bidirectional screw rod (14) rotates, the lead screw nuts (15) convert the rotation of the bidirectional screw rod (14) into the axial movement of the magnet moving support frame (07), and at the moment, the magnet moving support frame (07) carries permanent magnets (08) in the inner cavity to realize the axial change of the magnetic pole position.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a structure of a bidirectional screw, the bidirectional screw is adopted to increase the moving speed of the magnet moving support frame (07) on two sides, and the two ends of the screw are provided with inner hexagonal grooves, and the process is to facilitate the rotation of the bidirectional screw (14). When the magnet moving support frame (07) is required to move, only an inner hexagonal wrench is inserted into any one end of the bidirectional screw rod (14) to rotate the bidirectional screw rod (14).
Fig. 10 is a schematic view illustrating the axial movement principle of the magnetic pole in the present invention. Note numbers (c), (b) in fig. 10 are for showing only the moving positions of the magnet moving support frame (07) in the flaw detector. The whole working process is as follows: the two screw nuts (15) corresponding to the two screw rods (14) are rotated to convert the revolving motion into the axial movement of the magnet moving support frame (07), the magnet moving support frame (07) carries a permanent magnet (08) to realize the movement of a magnetic pole cutting plane, namely, the position is seventh, and the position distance between two magnetic poles is represented by seventh and eighth. At the moment, an axial distance is generated between the magnetic poles, the bidirectional screw rod (14) is continuously rotated, the magnetic pole positions (c) and (b) are continuously increased, and when the magnet moving support frame (07) moves to the limit position, the collision avoidance system (13) gives a buffer feedback to an operator to prevent the magnet moving support frame (07) from directly contacting the inner wall of the flaw detector. When the two sections are completely not overlapped, the hysteresis reaction force borne by the permanent magnetic flaw detector is small, an operator can relatively easily close the flaw detector, the upper position and the lower position of the flaw detector are fixed through the lock catch (17) after the flaw detector is closed, the bidirectional screw (14) is rotated in the reverse direction, the magnet moving support frame (07) carries the permanent magnet (08) to move in the reverse direction, the axial distance between the two magnetic poles is reduced, and after the two permanent magnet superposition positions are reached, the permanent magnetic flaw detector is closed and enters a detection link. After the split permanent magnet (08) is closed to form an annular permanent magnet, a complete closed magnetization path is formed in the flaw detector, namely the hysteresis path is as follows: left permanent magnet (08) → wire rope/gap/hall element detection circuit (11) → right permanent magnet (08) → outer shell → left permanent magnet (08), magnetizing target wire rope in the lumen of flaw detector. When the steel wire rope has sectional area damage or local damage, a magnetic leakage field appears in the inner cavity of the flaw detector by magnetizing the steel wire rope, the Hall element detection circuit (11) detects the size of the magnetic leakage field, magnetic signals are converted into electric signals by the Hall elements and other elements, and the health condition of the target steel wire rope is obtained by analyzing the parameters of the amplitude, the frequency and the like of the electric signals through the leading-out circuit.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a but permanent magnet axial displacement's wire rope appearance of detecting a flaw which characterized in that, permanent magnet axial displacement device and collision avoidance system include:
the movable support frame baffle is used for limiting the axial position and the buffer action of the magnet movable support frame;
the magnet moving support frame is used for mounting a lead screw nut and carrying a permanent magnet and providing support for axial movement;
the bidirectional screw rod is connected with the screw rod nut through a screw link and provides axial movement for the whole movement system;
the dustproof plug is a safe protection piece and is used for preventing impurities such as dust, scrap iron and the like from entering an inner cavity of the flaw detector and ensuring the cleanness of the inside of the flaw detector;
the anti-collision system is a safe protection piece and prevents the magnet from moving the inner wall of the support frame to directly impact the flaw detector.
2. The mobile support stand baffle of claim 1, wherein:
the baffle of the selected movable support frame is determined according to the size of the inner cavity of the mounted flaw detector, and the size and the thickness of the baffle of the selected movable support frame are related to the size of the limited magnet movable support frame;
the surface of one side of the baffle plate of the movable support frame, which is close to the permanent magnet, is provided with a circular groove, and the size of the groove shape is consistent with that of the circular arc bridge of the lower part of the movable support frame of the magnet, which carries the permanent magnet.
3. The magnet moving support of claim 1, wherein:
two bosses are arranged on two symmetrical sides of the magnet moving support frame, and arc grooves are arranged at proper positions of the bosses;
the arc groove is used for installing the guide rail inner sleeve, ensuring the axial movement on the guide rail and bearing a certain torque;
an arc bridge is arranged below the magnet moving support frame, and a permanent magnet is embedded in the structure;
the small diameter and the shape of the arc bridge are consistent with the outer diameter surface of the inner liner of the flaw detector.
4. The bidirectional screw of claim 1, wherein:
the two ends of the bidirectional screw are provided with inner hexagonal grooves, and the size of the grooves is determined by the diameter of the bidirectional screw;
the groove is used for matching with an inner hexagonal wrench so as to conveniently rotate the bidirectional screw rod;
two symmetrical sides of the bidirectional screw are provided with spiral lines with opposite rotation directions, so that the magnet moving support frame can move to a target position quickly when the same screw is rotated.
5. The dust plug of claim 1, wherein:
the size of the dustproof plug is determined according to the size of the aperture of the flat cable of the Hall element detection circuit;
the bottom of the dustproof plug is in a cone shape, and the main body part is a stepped shaft which is convenient to insert into a wire arranging hole
The dustproof plugs are two in number and are respectively arranged in the wire arrangement holes of the upper shell and the lower shell of the flaw detector.
6. The collision avoidance system of claim 1, wherein:
the four-corner anti-collision head, the spring and the hexagon screw are hinged and arranged in a hole groove in the inner wall of the flaw detector through the hexagon screw;
the number of the independent units of the system is prevented from being 8, and the system can be properly adjusted according to actual requirements.
7. The four corner impact head of claim 6, wherein:
the size of the four-corner anti-collision head is determined according to the size of the matched hexagonal screw and the size of the inner cavity of the flaw detector;
the structure of four corners anticollision head is that the bottom is a ring of opening the round hole, and hexagon screw passes from the round hole to be fixed in the middle of the inner chamber of flaw detector, and the nut compresses tightly four corners anticollision head, at the four arc stand of ring equipartition all around, the position of arc stand for touching removal support frame baffle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110341612.7A CN113075286B (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Steel wire rope flaw detector with permanent magnet capable of moving axially |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110341612.7A CN113075286B (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Steel wire rope flaw detector with permanent magnet capable of moving axially |
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| CN113075286A true CN113075286A (en) | 2021-07-06 |
| CN113075286B CN113075286B (en) | 2021-12-21 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113933379A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-14 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sluice wire rope detection device |
| CN114252505A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Half-side excitation and half-side detection type steel wire rope flaw detector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113933379A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-14 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sluice wire rope detection device |
| CN114252505A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Half-side excitation and half-side detection type steel wire rope flaw detector |
| CN114252505B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-09-19 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Semi-side excitation semi-side detection type steel wire rope flaw detector |
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| CN113075286B (en) | 2021-12-21 |
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