CN113075131A - Sub-cycle pumping detection system based on time resolution - Google Patents
Sub-cycle pumping detection system based on time resolution Download PDFInfo
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- CN113075131A CN113075131A CN202110255415.3A CN202110255415A CN113075131A CN 113075131 A CN113075131 A CN 113075131A CN 202110255415 A CN202110255415 A CN 202110255415A CN 113075131 A CN113075131 A CN 113075131A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010021033 Hypomenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
Abstract
A sub-period pumping detection system based on time resolution combines a pumping detection technology and a laser beam post-compression technology to finally realize nonlinear optical mechanism measurement in one pumping optical period of a material. The system compresses the pulse width of the detection light pulse to one period of the pump light pulse, then focuses two beams of light pulses on a sample to be detected simultaneously to generate a nonlinear optical signal, changes the time delay between the pump light and the detection light, and can realize the time measurement of the nonlinear optical signal in the material sample in one pump optical period. The invention can widely research the nonlinear mechanism generation process between the interaction of the laser and various solid materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nonlinear optics, and particularly relates to a system for exploring a nonlinear physical mechanism of interaction between light and a material in an optical cycle.
Background
Nonlinear optics is a phenomenon that studies the interaction of a laser field with a substance. The main manifestation is that when the intensity of the laser field is strong enough, the strong laser field can change the optical properties of the material system, and at the same time, a series of nonlinear optical phenomena are generated, and the nonlinear optical phenomena are not in a linear relation with the intensity of the strong laser field.
The pump detection technology is one of the commonly used technologies for researching the nonlinear effect between a strong laser field and a substance, and has the main principle that two laser pulses are simultaneously incident on a sample to generate a signal for sending the nonlinear effect, the two laser pulses are respectively pump light and detection light, the pump light is generally higher than the detection light intensity, the time delay between the two laser pulses is controlled to measure the nonlinear optical signal of the sample at different delay positions, and the nonlinear effect between the laser and the substance is researched.
The rapid development of the laser light source at present can compress the pulse width of the laser pulse to a sub-period or a single period, so that the nonlinear optical effect between the laser and the substance interaction is expanded to the sub-period field, the laser pulse with the pulse width smaller than one period has larger coherence bandwidth, the generated nonlinear optical phenomenon is different from the laser pulse with a plurality of periods, and the foundation is laid for the deep research of the interaction process of the laser and the substance in one laser pulse period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to research a nonlinear optical mechanism of a material in a period, and provides a time-resolved-based sub-period pump detection system. In the system, the pulse width of the detection light is smaller than the single-period pulse width of the pump light, the two beams of light beams can generate nonlinear optical signals when simultaneously incident on a sample to be detected, and the generation process of the nonlinear optical signals in one pump optical pulse period can be researched by controlling the time delay between the pump light and the detection light pulse.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a time-resolved sub-cycle pumped detection system, the system comprising: the system comprises a first reflector, a delayer, a second reflector, a third reflector, a spectrum broadening device, a chirp dispersion compensation device, an optical switch, a fourth reflector, a parabolic mirror, a fifth reflector and a spectrometer;
the pumping light is reflected by the first reflector and then is incident on the delayer, is incident on the second reflector through the delayer, is reflected to the third reflector through the second reflector, and is incident on the parabolic mirror after passing through the third reflector.
The detection light directly enters the spectrum broadening device, enters the chirp dispersion compensation device after passing through the spectrum broadening device, enters the optical switch after passing through the chirp dispersion compensation device, and then enters the parabolic mirror after passing through the fourth reflecting mirror.
The pump light and the detection light which are incident to the paraboloidal mirror are focused on a sample to be detected after passing through the paraboloidal mirror, the sample to be detected can radiate nonlinear signal light related to the pump light and the detection light, and the nonlinear signal light is reflected to a spectrometer through a fifth reflecting mirror.
By changing the position of the delayer, the delay time interval of the pump light and the probe light which are incident on the sample can be controlled, so that the change trend of the nonlinear signal light in one pump light period can be recorded on the spectrometer.
The pump light is pulse laser with stable carrier envelope phase.
The pump light wavelength is larger than the detection light wavelength.
The time-resolved-based sub-cycle pump detection system is characterized in that the delay scanning precision of the system is obviously smaller than one optical cycle of pump light.
The compression system is composed of a hollow optical fiber system filled with inert gas, and the pulse width compression of the laser pulse is completed after the incident light pulse is subjected to spectrum broadening through the compression system and then to dispersion compensation through the chirp compensation system.
After the detection light passes through the spectrum broadening device and the chirp dispersion compensation device, the beam pulse width of the detection light is smaller than the single-period pulse width of the pump light.
The optical switch can perform differential processing on nonlinear signal light generated by the pump light and the probe light and signal light measured only by the probe light, deduct background light in the measurement process, and improve the measurement accuracy of the signal light.
The experimental principle of the invention is as follows:
two bundles of pulse laser do not regard as this experimental system's pump light and probe light respectively, wherein the pump light is after passing through the delay timer, focus on the sample that awaits measuring through the parabolic mirror, the probe light is at first through spectrum broadening device with spectrum broadening to Fourier transform limit bandwidth on the frequency domain, then carry out time domain compression with the probe light through chirp dispersion compensation arrangement, compress to Fourier transform limit pulse width, then also focus on the sample that awaits measuring through the parabolic mirror, collect the non-linear signal light that produces because of pump light and probe light by the spectrum appearance, utilize the photoswitch to deduct the background interference of pump light and probe light when gathering the signal light, thereby improve measuring precision. Finally, the position of the delayer in the pump light is changed, and the time delay interval between the incidence of the pump light and the probe light to the sample to be measured can be controlled, so that the nonlinear signal light in a pump light time period can be recorded on a spectrometer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical advantages that:
compared with the traditional pump detection technology, the invention directly observes the nonlinear optical phenomenon in one laser pulse period and can understand the generation process of the nonlinear optical effect, thereby researching the possibility of forming independent oscillation of the laser pulse and finally realizing the sub-period detection and control in solid electronics.
Compared with the traditional pump detection technology, the device can compress the width of the laser pulse in the time domain by utilizing the compression system and the chirp dispersion compensation system, and the device can select the compression and dispersion compensation systems with corresponding parameters according to the laser pulses with different wave bands, thereby compressing the pulses with different wave bands and realizing the electronic dynamics measurement in the sub-period.
Compared with the traditional pump detection technology, the invention utilizes the optical switch to carry out differential processing on the nonlinear signal, deducts the background light of the pump light and the detection light, improves the accuracy of the nonlinear signal, can realize real-time measurement, and can be widely applied to nonlinear optical measurement of various solid materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sub-cycle pumping detection system based on time resolution
FIG. 2 is a measurement of an embodiment of a time-resolved sub-periodic pump detection system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-periodic pumping detection system based on time resolution according to the present invention, as shown in the figure, the system includes: the device comprises a pump light 1, a first reflector 2, a delayer 3, a second reflector 4, a third reflector 5, a probe light 6, a compression system 7, a chirp compensation system 8, a chopper 9, a fourth reflector 10, a parabolic mirror 11, a sample to be measured 12, a fifth reflector 13 and a spectrometer 14;
the pumping light 1 is reflected by the first reflector 2 and then incident on the retarder 3, is incident on the second reflector 4 by the retarder 3, is reflected to the third reflector 5 by the second reflector 4, and is incident on the parabolic mirror 11 by the third reflector 5.
The detection light 6 directly enters the compression system 7, enters the chirp compensation system 8 after passing through the compression system 7, enters the chopper 9 after passing through the chirp compensation system 8, and then enters the parabolic mirror 11 after passing through the fourth reflecting mirror 10.
The pump light and the probe light incident on the parabolic mirror 11 are focused on the sample 12 to be measured after passing through the parabolic mirror 11, the sample 12 to be measured radiates sum frequency signal light related to the pump light and the probe light, and the sum frequency signal light is reflected to the spectrometer 14 through the fifth reflecting mirror 13.
Example (b): the invention is further explained by taking the case that the pump light is 4000nm, the probe light is 800nm, and the sample to be detected is fused quartz.
After passing through a compression system and a chirp dispersion compensation system, the pulse width of 800nm detection light is compressed to 10fs which is smaller than the single pulse period (13fs) of 4000nm pump light, the pump light and the compressed detection light are jointly incident on a fused quartz sample, and then nonlinear sum frequency signals of the pump light and the detection light are observed through a spectrometer. The chopper is used to observe the signal of the incident probe light and change the time delay between the pump light and the probe light, so as to obtain the time-resolved sub-periodic laser pulse nonlinear sum frequency signal with the time interval of half (6.5fs) of the period of the pump light pulse.
Fig. 2 shows the measured time-resolved nonlinear sum frequency signal with time on the abscissa and pulse intensity on the ordinate. The invention aims to realize the measurement of the change condition of a nonlinear signal in a pump laser period by compressing the pulse width of probe light into the single-cycle pulse width of pump light and controlling the time delay between the pump light and the probe light, thereby achieving the purpose of researching the generation process of the nonlinear effect in the pump laser period.
Claims (7)
1. A time-resolved sub-cycle pumped detection system, the system comprising: the system comprises a first reflector (2), a delayer (3), a second reflector (4), a third reflector (5), a spectrum broadening device (7), a chirp dispersion compensation device (8), an optical switch (9), a fourth reflector (10), a parabolic mirror (11), a fifth reflector (13) and a spectrometer (14);
the pumping light (1) is reflected by the first reflecting mirror (2) and then is incident on the retarder (3), is incident on the second reflecting mirror (4) by the retarder (3), is reflected to the third reflecting mirror (5) by the second reflecting mirror (4), and is incident on the parabolic mirror (11) by the third reflecting mirror (5);
the detection light (6) directly enters the spectrum broadening device (7), enters the chirp dispersion compensation device (8) after passing through the spectrum broadening device (7), enters the optical switch (9) after passing through the chirp dispersion compensation device (8), and then enters the parabolic mirror (11) after passing through the fourth reflecting mirror (10);
the pump light and the detection light which are incident to the parabolic mirror (11) are focused on a sample (12) to be detected simultaneously through the parabolic mirror (11), the sample (12) to be detected can generate nonlinear signal light related to the pump light and the detection light due to a nonlinear effect, and the nonlinear signal light is incident to a spectrometer (14) after being reflected by a fifth reflecting mirror (13);
the delay time interval of the pump light (1) and the probe light (6) which are incident on the sample is controlled by changing the position of the delayer (3), so that the change trend of the nonlinear signal light in one pump light period is recorded on the spectrometer (14).
2. The time-resolved sub-periodic pump detection system of claim 1, wherein the pump light is a pulsed laser with a stable carrier envelope phase.
3. The time-resolved, sub-periodic pump detection system of claim 1, wherein the pump light wavelength is greater than the probe light wavelength.
4. The time-resolved sub-periodic pump detection system of claim 1, wherein the system delay scan precision is substantially less than one optical period of the pump light.
5. The time-resolved sub-periodic pump detection system according to claim 1, wherein the spectral broadening device (7) is a hollow fiber system filled with inert gas, and the pulse width compression of the laser pulse is performed by performing pulse dispersion compensation through the chirp compensation device (8) after the incident light pulse is spectrally broadened.
6. The time-resolved sub-periodic pump detection system according to claim 1, wherein the pulse width of the probe light (6) is smaller than the pulse width of a single period of the pump light after passing through the spectrum broadening device (7) and the chirped dispersion compensation device (8).
7. The time-resolved sub-periodic pump detection system according to claim 1, wherein the optical switch (9) differentiates the nonlinear signal light generated by the pump light and the probe light from the signal light measured by the probe light only, and subtracts the background light during the measurement process to improve the measurement accuracy of the signal light.
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Application publication date: 20210706 |