CN113074098B - A piston type expansion compressor and its application method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a piston expansion compressor, which comprises an expansion compressor cylinder body, a cavity formed in the expansion compressor cylinder body and a piston arranged in the cavity, and the expansion compressor cylinder body One side of the expansion compressor cylinder is provided with a power part for consuming electric energy to push the piston to move or convert the kinetic energy of the piston to electric energy, and a low-pressure working device connected to the cavity is arranged on the other side of the expansion compressor cylinder. A mass chamber and a high-pressure working medium chamber, the low-pressure working medium and the high-pressure working medium enter or exit the cavity during the reciprocating movement of the piston and complete the compression of the low-pressure working medium and the compression of the high-pressure working medium. Expansion work; the application method and system of the piston expander are also provided; the piston expansion compressor disclosed in the present invention realizes the coupling of the expansion function and the compression function through a common piston, which greatly improves the energy utilization rate of components and systems .

Description

A piston type expansion compressor and its application method and system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fluid expansion and compression, in particular to a piston expansion compressor and its application method and system.

Background technique

In recent years, the demand for energy in countries around the world is increasing, and the efficient use of energy meets the requirements of sustainable development of human society. In thermal power generation, refrigeration, heat pump and other cycles, there is a pressurization process and a depressurization process. In the thermal power generation cycle system, the pressure of the working medium is reduced through the expansion part (turbine or expander) and the external power is output, and the pressure of the working medium is increased and the power is consumed through the booster part (pump or compressor); In the refrigeration and heat pump cycle system, the pressure of the working medium is reduced and the external output power is realized through the expansion part (expansion valve, throttle valve, capillary or expander), and the pressure of the working medium is increased through the booster part (compressor). Power consumption. At present, whether it is a positive cycle system for thermal power generation or a reverse cycle system for refrigeration heat pumps, the expansion part and the supercharging part are set independently, that is, the expansion part of the positive cycle outputs power (such as electric energy) to the outside of the system, while the supercharging part consumes The power (such as electric energy) input outside the system; the compression part of the reverse cycle consumes the power (such as electric energy) input outside the system, and the expansion part outputs power (such as electric energy) to the outside of the system or consumes this part of the expansion work through adiabatic throttling . If the expansion process and the compression process are coupled through the equipment, and the power is transferred from the expansion process to the compression process, the conversion process between energy sources can be reduced and the performance of the thermal system can be improved.

(CN211623711U) discloses a swinging rotor type expansion compressor, which can effectively recover the expansion work of the throttling process and reduce the loss of cooling capacity; it also reduces the friction loss, motion shock, vibration and noise caused by mechanical moving parts. But the structure is slightly complicated and the processing cost is higher. Otherwise, most similar technologies couple the expansion and compression components by a common coupling or rotor.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a piston type expansion compressor and its application method and system, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the expansion part and the pressurization part are set independently, there are many energy conversion processes, and the performance of the thermal system is not high.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

A piston-type expansion compressor, comprising an expansion compressor cylinder, a cavity formed in the expansion compressor cylinder, and a piston disposed in the cavity, arranged on one side of the expansion compressor cylinder There is a power part for consuming electric energy to drive the piston or convert the kinetic energy of the piston into electric energy. On the other side of the cylinder of the expansion compressor, a low-pressure working medium chamber and a high-pressure working medium chamber communicated with the cavity are arranged. In the working medium chamber, the low-pressure working medium and the high-pressure working medium enter or exit the cavity during the reciprocating movement of the piston to complete the compression of the low-pressure working medium and the expansion of the high-pressure working medium.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the chamber is composed of a compression chamber and an expansion chamber which are formed inside the expansion-compression cylinder and are independent of each other, and the piston includes a compression part arranged in the compression chamber and Set in the expansion part of the expansion chamber, the compression end and the expansion end extend to one side of the cylinder body of the expansion compressor and are connected with the power part together to realize the connection between the compression end and the expansion end Simultaneously moving, the expansion compressor end cover is covered by a sealing gasket on the other side of the cylinder body of the expansion compressor.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the power part includes a link-slider mechanism and a drive mechanism connected to one end of the link-slider mechanism, and the drive mechanism is driven by a motor or a cam, an eccentric One of the wheel or crankshaft-link mechanism, the other end of the link-slider mechanism is connected with the piston to realize the conversion between the horizontal movement of the piston and the rotational movement of the motor.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the low-pressure working medium chamber includes a compression inlet channel and a compression exhaust channel opened on the end cover of the expansion compressor;

The compression intake passage extends inward and forms a compression intake chamber connected to the compression chamber. The inner wall of the compression chamber is fixed with positioning pins for driving the compression intake passage under the action of fluid pressure difference. Open and close intake leaf spring valve;

The compression exhaust channel extends inward and forms a compression exhaust cavity connected to the compression cavity, and a positioning pin is fixed on the inner wall of the compression exhaust cavity to drive the compression exhaust cavity under the action of fluid pressure difference. Exhaust leaf spring valve for air passage opening and closing.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the high-pressure working medium chamber includes an expansion inlet passage and an expansion exhaust passage opened on the end cover of the expansion compressor;

The expansion intake passage extends inwards to form an expansion intake chamber connected to the expansion cavity, and an expansion intake valve for controlling the opening and closing of the expansion intake passage is installed on the expansion intake passage;

The expansion exhaust passage extends inwardly to form an expansion exhaust chamber connected to the expansion cavity, and an expansion exhaust valve for controlling the opening and closing of the expansion exhaust passage is installed on the expansion exhaust passage;

The expansion intake valve and the expansion exhaust valve are driven by electromagnetic or interlocking structure connected with the driving mechanism.

Based on the above, the present invention provides the application method of the above-mentioned piston expansion compressor, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 100, push the piston to move towards the power part, feed low-pressure working fluid into the compression chamber until the piston moves to the stop point, the low-pressure working fluid fills the compression chamber, and feed a certain amount of high-pressure working fluid into the expansion chamber, then stop the feeding. The high-pressure working medium expands in the expansion chamber and acts on the piston;

Step 200, push the piston to move away from the power part, discharge the expanded high-pressure working medium in the expansion chamber, and discharge the low-pressure working medium after being compressed in the compression chamber until the movement reaches the stop point, the low-pressure working medium and the high-pressure working medium are completely discharged;

Step 300, repeating steps 100 and 200, the piston performs reciprocating cycle motion to realize continuous operation of the piston expansion compressor.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 100, the high-pressure working medium in the expansion chamber expands to perform work on the piston to drive or assist the piston to move toward the power part and output electric energy through the power part;

In step 200, the power component consumes electric energy to drive the piston to move away from the power component against frictional resistance.

In addition, the present invention provides an application system comprising the above-mentioned piston expansion compressor, including an evaporator and a condenser connected to the piston expansion compressor and forming a circulation loop, the outlet of the compression chamber of the piston expansion compressor The end of the evaporator is connected to the inlet end of the evaporator so that the high-pressure working medium absorbs heat in the evaporator to reach a high temperature and high pressure state, and the outlet end of the evaporator is connected to the expansion chamber of the piston expansion compressor to make the high temperature and high pressure The fluid enters the expansion chamber, and the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium after expanding through the expansion chamber enters the condenser and is cooled to liquid, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the compression chamber to realize liquid working fluid Mass boost.

The present invention also provides another application system comprising the above-mentioned piston expansion compressor, including an evaporator and a condenser connected to the piston expansion compressor and forming a circulation loop, the outlet of the expansion chamber of the piston expansion compressor It is connected to the inlet of the evaporator so that the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium absorbs heat and evaporates into a gaseous state in the evaporator, and the gaseous working medium passing through the outlet of the evaporator enters the compression chamber of the piston expansion compressor to be compressed In a state of high temperature and high pressure, the outlet of the compression chamber is connected to the inlet of the condenser so that the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium is cooled to a liquid state, and the liquid working medium passing through the outlet of the condenser enters the expansion chamber to expand and perform work.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The piston type expansion compressor disclosed in the present invention realizes the coupling of the expansion function and the compression function through the common piston, greatly improves the energy utilization rate of components and systems, and through the safe, reliable and efficient coupling of the expansion function and the compression function, Significantly improve the operating efficiency of thermal power generation, refrigeration, heat pump and other energy conversion systems.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Apparently, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other implementation drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston expansion compressor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the K-K section of the piston expansion compressor provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first application system of the piston expansion compressor provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second application system of a piston expansion compressor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are respectively indicated as follows:

1-Expansion compressor end cover, 2-Exhaust leaf spring valve plate, 3-Sealing gasket, 4-Intake leaf spring valve plate, 5-Expansion compressor cylinder, 6-Expansion chamber sealing ring, 7-Compression Chamber sealing ring, 8-piston, 9-expansion exhaust valve, 10-expansion intake valve, 11-sealing ring, 12-compression chamber, 13-expansion chamber, 14-compression intake chamber, 15-expansion intake chamber , 16-compression exhaust chamber, 17-expansion exhaust chamber, 18-expansion intake port, 19-compression intake port, 20-compression exhaust port, 21-expansion exhaust port, C-1-evaporator, C-2-condenser, C-3-piston expansion compressor.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a piston type expansion compressor, which is characterized in that it includes an expansion compressor cylinder 5, a cavity formed in the expansion compressor cylinder 5, and a cavity arranged in the cavity The piston 8 in the body is provided with a power part on one side of the expansion compressor cylinder 5 for consuming electric energy to push the piston 8 to move or convert the kinetic energy of the piston 8 to electric energy. The other side of 5 is configured with a low-pressure working medium chamber and a high-pressure working medium chamber communicating with the cavity, and the low-pressure working medium and the high-pressure working medium enter or discharge the piston 8 during the reciprocating movement. The cavity also completes the compression of the low-pressure working medium and the expansion of the high-pressure working medium.

The chamber is composed of a compression chamber 12 and an expansion chamber 13 which are formed inside the expansion and compression cylinder 5 and are independent of each other. The piston 8 includes a compression part arranged in the compression chamber 12 and a The expansion part of the expansion cavity 13, the compression end and the expansion end extend to one side of the cylinder body of the expansion compressor and are jointly connected with the power part to realize the simultaneous movement of the compression end and the expansion end, On the other side of the cylinder body 5 of the expansion compressor, the end cover 1 of the expansion compressor is covered by a sealing gasket 3 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, it is an example of a specific shape of the expansion chamber 13 and the compression chamber 12. The compression chamber 12 is a cylindrical cavity opened at the center of the expansion and compression cylinder 5, and the expansion chamber 13 is its outside. Another annular chamber, in order to ensure the tightness of the compression chamber 12 and the expansion chamber 13, a compression sealing ring 7 is installed on the inner wall of the compression chamber 12, and a sealing ring 11 is installed on the inner wall of the expansion chamber 13. An expansion sealing ring 6 is installed on the outer ring wall.

The internal cavity of the expansion compressor is composed of an expansion cavity 13 and a compression cavity 12. According to the application and specific working conditions, the expansion cavity 13 and the compression cavity 12 can be set to have equal cross-sections or non-equal cross-sections. When the expansion compressor is used in refrigeration , heat pump cycle system, the cross-sectional area of the compression chamber 12 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the expansion chamber 13; The area should be large. When the cross section is not equal, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the compression chamber 12 to the expansion chamber 13 is equal to the ratio of the volume flow rate of the compressed fluid to the expansion fluid, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the compression side to the expansion side of the corresponding piston 8 is also equal to the ratio of the compressed fluid to the expansion fluid. The ratio of the volume flow of a fluid.

The power part includes a connecting rod slider mechanism and a driving mechanism connected to one end of the connecting rod slider mechanism, and the driving mechanism is one of a cam, an eccentric wheel or a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism driven by a motor or driving a motor. The other end of the link-slider mechanism is connected to the piston 8 for converting the horizontal movement of the piston 8 and the rotational movement of the motor.

Further, the low-pressure working medium chamber includes a compression inlet passage 19 and a compression exhaust passage 20 opened on the end cover 1 of the expansion compressor;

The compression inlet passage 19 extends inward and forms the compression inlet chamber 14 connected to the compression chamber 12. The inner wall of the compression chamber 12 is fixed with positioning pins for driving the compressor under the action of fluid pressure difference. Compress the air intake leaf spring valve plate 4 that is opened and closed by the air intake passage 19;

The compression exhaust channel 20 extends inward and is formed in the compression exhaust cavity 16 connected to the compression cavity 12 , and the inner wall of the compression exhaust cavity 16 is fixed with positioning pins for driving under the action of fluid pressure difference. The compressed exhaust channel 20 is an exhaust leaf spring valve plate 2 that is opened and closed.

The high-pressure working medium chamber includes an expansion inlet passage 18 and an expansion exhaust passage 21 opened on the end cover 1 of the expansion compressor;

The expansion intake passage 18 extends inwardly to form the expansion intake chamber 15 communicated with the expansion chamber 13, and the expansion intake passage 18 is equipped with an electromagnetic drive or connected with a cam (eccentric wheel, crankshaft). The interlocking structure linked by the rod) drives the expansion intake valve 10 of the opening and closing of the expansion intake passage 18;

The expansion exhaust passage 21 extends inwardly to form the expansion exhaust chamber 17 communicated with the expansion chamber 13, and the expansion exhaust passage 21 is equipped with an electromagnetically driven or connected cam (eccentric wheel, crankshaft). The interlocking structure connected with the rod) drives the expansion exhaust valve 9 that opens and closes the expansion exhaust passage 21.

The expansion intake valve 10 and the expansion exhaust valve 9 of the expansion chamber 13 are responsible for realizing the connection and disconnection of the expansion intake passage 18 and the exhaust passage 21, and are driven electromagnetically or by a cam in accordance with the moving direction and position of the piston 8. (Eccentric wheel, crankshaft connecting rod) linkage structure drive, open and close action. By monitoring parameters such as the rotation angle of the cam (eccentric wheel, crankshaft and connecting rod), the corresponding circuit response or the action of the chain structure is driven to realize the opening and closing of the intake valve and exhaust valve of the expansion chamber 13 . The intake plate spring valve plate 4 and the exhaust plate spring valve plate 2 of the compression chamber 12 are responsible for realizing the connection and disconnection of the intake port and the exhaust port of the compression chamber 12 . The intake plate spring valve plate 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the compression chamber 12 by the positioning pin, and the exhaust plate spring valve plate 2 is fixed on the inner wall of the compression exhaust chamber 16 by the positioning pin. The leaf spring valve is driven to open and close by the fluid pressure difference across it.

The outside of the piston 8 is connected with a cam, eccentric wheel or crankshaft connecting rod structure through a connecting rod slider mechanism, and then connected with a motor, which can be driven by electric energy or generate electricity. The structure composed of the connecting rod slider mechanism and the cam, eccentric wheel or crankshaft connecting rod can realize the conversion of the horizontal movement of the piston 8 and the rotational movement of the motor.

In the compression stroke of the expansion compressor, the system consumes mechanical work, and the motor consumes electric energy, which is used to compress and transport the working medium, and to overcome the friction between the piston and the wall. In the expansion stroke of the expansion compressor, the expansion of the working medium pushes the piston to move, sucks in the compressed working medium, overcomes the friction between the piston and the wall, and outputs mechanical work to the outside, and the motor generates power to the outside. In order to prevent the impact of the piston 8 on the end faces of the compression chamber 12 and the expansion chamber 13, and prevent the phenomenon of liquid hammer.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides an application method of the above-mentioned piston expansion compressor, comprising the following steps:

Step 100, push the piston to move towards the power part, feed low-pressure working fluid into the compression chamber until the piston moves to the stop point, the low-pressure working fluid fills the compression chamber, and feed a certain amount of high-pressure working fluid into the expansion chamber, then stop the feeding. The high-pressure working medium expands in the expansion chamber and acts on the piston;

Step 200, push the piston to move away from the power part, discharge the expanded high-pressure working medium in the expansion chamber, and discharge the low-pressure working medium after being compressed in the compression chamber until the movement reaches the stop point, the low-pressure working medium and the high-pressure working medium are completely discharged;

Step 300, repeating steps 100 and 200, the piston performs reciprocating cycle motion to realize continuous operation of the piston expansion compressor.

Specific analysis of the above piston movement process:

Compression side:

The low-pressure fluid is delivered to the compression intake chamber 14 by the compression intake passage 19. When the piston 8 moves from the left dead center to the right, the pressure in the compression chamber 12 drops below the pressure of the compression intake chamber 14. When the intake plate spring valve plate 4 When the pressure difference on both sides is large enough, the intake leaf spring valve 4 opens, and the low-pressure fluid begins to enter the compression chamber 12. When the piston 8 moves to the right dead center, the intake leaf spring valve 4 closes, and the low-pressure fluid stops entering the compression chamber. Chamber 12, at this time, the compression chamber 12 is filled with low-pressure fluid;

When the piston 8 moves from the right dead center to the left, the pressure in the compression chamber 12 continues to rise until it is higher than the pressure in the compression exhaust chamber 16. When the pressure difference between the two sides of the exhaust leaf spring valve plate 2 is large enough, the exhaust leaf spring When the valve plate 2 is opened, the high-pressure fluid begins to enter the compression discharge chamber 16. When the piston 8 moves to the left dead center, the discharge plate spring valve plate 2 closes, and the high-pressure fluid stops entering the compression discharge chamber 16, and is discharged into the compression discharge chamber 16. The high-pressure fluid in the chamber 16 is delivered to the circulation system by the compressed discharge passage 20 .

Expansion side:

When the piston 8 moves from the left dead center to the right, the expansion intake valve 10 is opened, and the high-pressure fluid is delivered to the expansion chamber 13 through the expansion intake passage 18, and when the piston 8 moves a certain distance from left to right, the expansion intake valve 10 Closed 10 closed, the high-pressure fluid expands in the closed expansion chamber 13, and does work on the piston 8,

Push the piston 8 to continue to move to the right. When the piston 8 moves to the right dead center, the expansion exhaust valve 9 opens. As the piston 8 moves to the left, the expanded low-pressure fluid is discharged from the expansion chamber 13 through the expansion exhaust passage 21. When the piston 8 moves to the left dead center, all the low-pressure fluid is delivered to the circulation system through the expansion exhaust passage 21, and the expansion exhaust valve 9 is closed.

Wherein, in step 100, the high-pressure working medium in the expansion chamber expands to perform work on the piston to drive or assist the piston to move toward the power part and output electric energy through the power part;

In step 200, the power component consumes electric energy to drive the piston to move away from the power component against frictional resistance.

That is, when the piston 8 moves to the left, the compression process of the fluid in the compression chamber 12 consumes mechanical work, and when the piston 8 moves to the right, the fluid in the expansion chamber 13 expands to do work on the piston 8 . Piston 8 is connected with external motor through connecting rod slider mechanism and cam, eccentric wheel or crankshaft connecting rod. The power consumption stroke that the piston 8 moves to the left and the power stroke that moves to the right make the motor have periodic power consumption and power output effects. Through the rectification element, the motor's stable demand for electric energy or stable output can be realized

As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides an application system including the above-mentioned piston expansion compressor, including an evaporator C-1 and a condenser C connected to the piston expansion compressor C-3 and forming a circulation loop -2, the outlet end of the compression chamber 12 of the piston expansion compressor C-3 is connected to the inlet end of the evaporator C-1 so that the high-pressure working medium absorbs heat in the evaporator C-1 to reach a high temperature and high pressure state , the outlet end of the evaporator C-1 is connected to the expansion chamber 13 of the piston expansion compressor C-3 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid enters the expansion chamber 13 and expands through the expansion chamber 13 to perform work The final low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid enters the condenser C-2 to be cooled to liquid, and the outlet of the condenser C-2 is connected to the compression chamber 12 to realize pressurization of the liquid working medium.

This system is a positive cycle thermal power generation system, the expansion work obtained by the piston 8 is greater than the compression work consumed, and the comprehensive effect of the expansion compressor C-3 is to output electric energy to the outside.

The specific operation process is: the high-pressure working medium first absorbs heat in the evaporator C-1 to reach a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and then enters the expansion chamber 13 of the expansion compressor C-3 to expand and perform work, and the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium after the work enters the condenser C -2, and is cooled and condensed into a liquid state in the condenser C-2, and is transported to the compression chamber 12 of the expansion compressor C-3 through a pipeline, and in the compression chamber 12, the liquid working medium is pressurized and transported to evaporator C-1, thus completing one cycle. The system is the expansion compressor C-3 used in reverse cycle refrigeration and heat pump systems.

As shown in Figure 4, the embodiment of the invention also provides another application system comprising the above-mentioned piston expansion compressor, including an evaporator C-1 and a condenser connected to the piston expansion compressor C-3 and forming a circulation loop C-2, the outlet of the expansion chamber 13 of the piston expansion compressor C-3 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator C-1 so that the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium absorbs heat and evaporates in the evaporator C-1 It is gaseous, and the gaseous working medium through the outlet of the evaporator C-1 enters the compression chamber 12 of the piston expansion compressor C-3 and is compressed into a state of high temperature and high pressure, and the outlet of the compression chamber 12 is connected to the condenser The inlet of C-2 is connected so that the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium is cooled to a liquid state, and the liquid working medium at the outlet of the condenser C-2 enters the expansion chamber 13 to expand and perform work

This system is a reverse cycle refrigeration and heat pump system. The compression work consumed by the piston 8 is greater than the expansion work obtained. The combined effect of the expansion compressor C-3 is to consume external electric energy.

The specific operation process is:

The low-temperature and low-pressure working medium first absorbs heat and evaporates in the evaporator C-1, and supplies cooling to the outside, then the gaseous working medium enters the compression chamber 12 of the expansion compressor C-3 and is compressed to a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and then enters the condenser C- 2 is cooled and condensed into a liquid state, the liquid working medium continues to enter the expansion chamber 13 of the expansion compressor C-3, and expands in the expansion chamber 13 to perform work, and the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium coming out of the expansion chamber 13 of the expansion compressor C-3 enters the condensation device C-2, thus completing a cycle. In the reverse cycle refrigeration and heat pump system, the compression work consumed by the piston 8 is greater than the expansion work obtained, and the combined effect of the expansion compressor C-3 is to consume external electric energy

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent replacements to the present application within the spirit and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent replacements shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. A piston type expansion compressor is characterized in that,

the device comprises an expansion compressor cylinder body (5), a cavity formed in the expansion compressor cylinder body (5) and a piston (8) arranged in the cavity, wherein a power part for consuming electric energy to push the piston (8) to move or convert the kinetic energy of the piston (8) into the electric energy is arranged on one side of the expansion compressor cylinder body (5);

the cavity body consists of a compression cavity (12) and an expansion cavity (13) which are formed inside the expansion compressor cylinder body (5) and are mutually independent, the piston (8) comprises a compression part arranged in the compression cavity (12) and an expansion part arranged in the expansion cavity (13), the compression part and the expansion part extend to the same side of the expansion compressor cylinder body (5) and are connected with the power part together to realize the synchronous movement of the compression part and the expansion part, the spaces of the compression cavity (12) and the expansion cavity (13) are changed synchronously, and an expansion compressor end cover (1) is covered on the other side of the expansion compressor cylinder body (5) through a sealing gasket (3);

a low-pressure working medium chamber and a high-pressure working medium chamber which are communicated with the cavity are arranged on the other side of the expansion compressor cylinder body (5), the low-pressure working medium and the high-pressure working medium enter or are discharged out of the cavity in the reciprocating movement of the piston (8) and complete the compression of the low-pressure working medium and the expansion work of the high-pressure working medium, and the low-pressure working medium chamber comprises a compression air inlet channel (19) and a compression air outlet channel (20) which are arranged on an end cover (1) of the expansion compressor;

the compression air inlet channel (19) extends inwards and is formed in a compression air inlet cavity (14) communicated with the compression cavity (12), and an air inlet leaf spring valve plate (4) used for driving the compression air inlet channel (19) to open and close under the action of fluid pressure difference is fixed on the inner wall of the compression cavity (12) through a positioning pin;

the compression exhaust passage (20) extends inwards and is formed in a compression exhaust cavity (16) communicated with the compression cavity (12), and an exhaust plate spring valve plate (2) used for driving the compression exhaust passage (20) to open and close under the action of fluid pressure difference is fixed on the inner wall of the compression exhaust cavity (16) through a positioning pin;

the high-pressure working medium chamber comprises an expansion air inlet channel (18) and an expansion air outlet channel (21) which are arranged on the expansion compressor end cover (1);

the expansion air inlet channel (18) extends inwards to form an expansion air inlet cavity (15) communicated with the expansion cavity (13), and an expansion air inlet valve (10) used for controlling the expansion air inlet channel (18) to open and close is installed on the expansion air inlet channel (18);

the expansion exhaust channel (21) extends inwards to form an expansion exhaust cavity (17) communicated with the expansion cavity (13), and an expansion exhaust valve (9) used for controlling the expansion exhaust channel (21) to open and close is installed on the expansion exhaust channel (21).

2. A piston type expansion compressor according to claim 1, wherein said power member comprises a link-slider mechanism and a driving mechanism connected to one end of said link-slider mechanism, said driving mechanism being one of a cam, an eccentric wheel or a crankshaft-link mechanism which drives or drives a motor by a motor, and the other end of said link-slider mechanism being connected to said piston (8) for converting the horizontal movement of said piston (8) into the rotational movement of said motor.

3. A piston expansion compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that the expansion inlet valve (10) and the expansion outlet valve (9) are driven electromagnetically or by an interlocking arrangement in connection with a driving mechanism.

4. A method for applying a piston type expansion compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:

step 100, pushing the piston to move towards the direction close to the power part, introducing a low-pressure working medium into the compression cavity until the piston moves to a stop point, filling the compression cavity with the low-pressure working medium, introducing a quantitative high-pressure working medium into the expansion cavity, stopping introduction, expanding the high-pressure working medium in the expansion cavity, and applying work to the piston;

step 200, pushing the piston to move in the direction away from the power part, discharging the high-pressure working medium expanded in the expansion cavity, discharging the low-pressure working medium after being compressed in the compression cavity until the piston moves to a stop point, and completely discharging the low-pressure working medium and the high-pressure working medium;

and step 300, repeating the step 100 and the step 200, and enabling the piston to reciprocate to realize continuous work of the piston type expansion compressor.

5. A method of using a piston type expansion compressor in accordance with claim 4,

in step 100, the high-pressure working medium in the expansion cavity expands to apply work to the piston so as to drive or assist in driving the piston to move towards the direction close to the power part and output electric energy outwards through the power part;

in step 200, the power member consumes electrical energy to drive the piston away from the power member against the frictional resistance.

6. An application system comprising the piston type expansion compressor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising an evaporator (C-1) and a condenser (C-2) which are connected with the piston type expansion compressor (C-3) and form a circulation loop, wherein the outlet end of a compression chamber (12) of the piston type expansion compressor (C-3) is connected with the inlet end of the evaporator (C-1) so as to enable a high-pressure working medium to be absorbed and heated in the evaporator (C-1) to reach a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the outlet end of the evaporator (C-1) is connected with an expansion chamber (13) of the piston type expansion compressor (C-3) so as to enable a high-temperature and high-pressure fluid to enter the expansion chamber (13), a low-temperature and low-pressure working medium which does work through the expansion chamber (13) enters the condenser (C-2) to be cooled to be a liquid, and the outlet of the condenser (C-2) is connected with the compression chamber (12) so as to realize pressurization of the liquid working medium.

7. An application system comprising the piston type expansion compressor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising an evaporator (C-1) and a condenser (C-2) which are connected with the piston type expansion compressor (C-3) and form a circulation loop, wherein an outlet of an expansion chamber (13) of the piston type expansion compressor (C-3) is connected with an inlet of the evaporator (C-1) so that the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium is evaporated into a gaseous state in the evaporator (C-1) in an absorption manner, the gaseous working medium passing through the outlet of the evaporator (C-1) enters a compression chamber (12) of the piston type expansion compressor (C-3) to be compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, an outlet of the compression chamber (12) is connected with an inlet of the condenser (C-2) so that the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium is cooled into a liquid state, and the liquid working medium passing through the outlet of the condenser (C-2) enters the expansion chamber (13) to be expanded to perform work.

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