CN100359167C - Free piston type expansion-compression unit - Google Patents
Free piston type expansion-compression unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN100359167C CN100359167C CNB2004100732769A CN200410073276A CN100359167C CN 100359167 C CN100359167 C CN 100359167C CN B2004100732769 A CNB2004100732769 A CN B2004100732769A CN 200410073276 A CN200410073276 A CN 200410073276A CN 100359167 C CN100359167 C CN 100359167C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a free-piston type expander-compressor unit which comprises an expander and a gas suction and discharge control mechanism, wherein the expander is connected with a compressor, and the gas suction and discharge control mechanism is connected with the expander and the compressor. In the present invention, the opening or the closure of a control hole of the gas suction and discharge control mechanism is controlled by a sliding block and a piston rod so as to realize the changeover among the gas intake process, the expansion process and the gas discharge process; work is recycled by utilizing the coaxial feature of the expander and the compressor so as to omit a crank link mechanism used by the present reciprocating piston expander. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure and little friction loss, and can effectively utilize the effective energy. The present invention also provides a novel method for regulating flow quantity and energy, which enables the free-piston type expander-compressor unit to effectively regulate the flow quantity and the energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of expansion-compressor bank, relate in particular to a kind of free-piston type expansion-compressor bank.
Background technique
Piston expansion engine has been widely used in the low temperature field as the low temperature machinery that is used for producing cold, as hydrogen, helium liquefaction, air separation etc.At refrigerating field, because CFCs and HCFCs are to the destruction and the greenhouse effect of ozonosphere, with them is that the air conditioner industry of refrigeration agent is being faced with the challenge of developing substitute, in view of the new compound substitute can imply unpredictable harm equally, people are primarily focused on the nature refrigeration working medium, wherein have good environmental protection characteristic and good flow, the CO of temperature conductivity
2Become the most valued focus in the global range.Because CO
2Stride pressure reduction higher in the critical refrigeration cycle, adopt throttle style, irreversible loss is big, and its COP (coefficient of performance) is far below conventional refrigeration cycle.In order to improve the utilization ratio of useful energy, improve cycle performance, can adopt decompressor substitute the circulation in throttle valve.Piston expansion engine is with its excellent sealing ability, and under high pressure and small flow situation, its efficient still is higher than turbine-type and rotary type decompressor.Therefore piston expansion engine is at CO
2Stride to have in the critical refrigeration cycle and see huge competitive ability.
Piston expansion engine becomes the to-and-fro motion of piston by connecting rod the rotation motion and the external acting of bent axle usually at present, complex structure, frictional loss is big, mechanical efficiency is low, usually the keying of adopting cam or rocking arm transmission to come control valve in decompressor suction in addition, the exhaust control mechanism, it is big to have arrangement space, shortcomings such as mechanism's complexity.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing reciprocating piston decompressor complex structure, frictional loss is big, shortcomings such as mechanical efficiency is low, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of free-piston type expansion-compressor bank, save connecting rod, can effectively utilize useful energy, partly provide a kind of novel suction and discharge control mechanism for this unit decompressor simultaneously, and a kind of new flow and energy adjustment method have been proposed, make this unit can effectively carry out the adjusting of flow and energy.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of free-piston type expansion-compressor bank, comprise decompressor, decompressor is connected with compressor, decompressor comprises decompressor cylinder body 1, decompressor piston 4 is set in the decompressor cylinder body 1, decompressor piston 4 is divided into active chamber A and buffer cavity C with decompressor cylinder body 1, compressor comprises compressor casing 3, compressor piston 5 is set in the compressor casing 3, compressor piston 5 surrounds active chamber B in compressor casing 3, decompressor piston 4 and compressor piston 5 are connected by piston rod, piston rod is provided with pressure spring on the part of buffer cavity C, this device also comprises the suction and discharge control mechanism, the suction and discharge control mechanism comprises control mechanism cylinder body 2, one end of control mechanism cylinder body 2 is fixedlyed connected with decompressor cylinder body 1, the other end of control mechanism cylinder body 2 is fixedlyed connected with compressor casing 3, control mechanism cylinder body 2 install end cap and lower end cap up and down respectively, piston rod passes control mechanism cylinder body 2, axially open upper hopper chute and gliding groove respectively in middle top and the bottom perpendicular to control mechanism cylinder body 2 axis, upper hopper chute interpolation top slide block, top slide block is fixed on the piston rod, open enterprising air control hole 13 on the upper hopper chute, place the bottom slide block of two sideband projectioies in the gliding groove, driving lever is fixed on the piston rod, driving lever is stirred bottom slide block with the motion of piston rod and is moved in gliding groove, open down air inlet control hole 16 and exhaust control hole 17 respectively near the place, both sides on the gliding groove, inlet hole 18 and exhaust port 19 are set on the end cap of decompressor cylinder body 1, inlet hole 18 communicates with enterprising air control hole 13 and 16 series connection of following air inlet control hole, and exhaust port 19 communicates with 17 series connection of exhaust control hole.
The preferable technological scheme of the present invention is also to comprise the clearance volume controlling mechanism that is connected with compressor, the clearance volume controlling mechanism comprises cylinder cap 20, cylinder cap 20 is fixedlyed connected with clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21 is installed on the compressor casing 3, clearance volume controlling mechanism piston 22 is set in the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, be connected with adjustable lever on the clearance volume controlling mechanism piston 22, adjustable lever can regulate clearance volume controlling mechanism piston 22 moves in clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, in the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, clearance volume controlling mechanism piston 22 forms with clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21 and regulates chamber D, have through hole on the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, through hole will regulate chamber D and active chamber B is communicated with.
Enterprising air control hole 13 is at least two, opens one of them according to flow and expansion ratio.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, because the present invention utilizes the variation of decompressor active chamber and compressor operating intracavity gas pressure, piston is moved back and forth, utilize the suction of slide block and piston rod control decompressor, the closure or openness in exhaust control aperture, realize the air inlet of decompressor, switching between expansion and the exhaust process, utilize the coaxial merit that reclaims of decompressor and compressor, saved the connecting rod that present reciprocating piston decompressor uses, so it is simple in structure, frictional loss is little, can effectively utilize useful energy, and propose a kind of new flow and energy adjustment method, make this unit can effectively carry out the adjusting of flow and energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation sectional drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional drawing of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional drawing of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional drawing of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is intake and exhaust control hole open and-shut mode and decompressor stroke corresponding relation schematic representation.
Among the figure, 1. decompressor cylinder body, 2. controller cylinder body, 3. compressor casing, 4. decompressor piston, 5. compressor piston, 6. piston rod, 7. pressure spring, 8. upper end cap, 9. lower end cap, 10. upper hopper chute, 11. gliding grooves, 12. top slide blocks, 13. enterprising air control hole, 14. bottom slide blocks, 15. driving levers, 16. times air inlet control holes, 17. the exhaust control hole, 18. inlet holes, 19. exhaust ports, 20. cylinder caps, 21. clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body, 22. clearance volume controlling mechanism pistons, 23. adjustable levers, 24. through holes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structure of the present invention and working principle are elaborated.
Among Fig. 1, a kind of free-piston type expansion-compressor bank, comprise decompressor, decompressor is connected with compressor, decompressor comprises decompressor cylinder body 1, decompressor piston 4 is set in the decompressor cylinder body 1, decompressor piston 4 is divided into active chamber A and buffer cavity C with decompressor cylinder body 1, compressor comprises compressor casing 3, compressor piston 5 is set in the compressor casing 3, compressor piston 5 surrounds active chamber B in compressor casing 3, decompressor piston 4 is connected by piston rod 6 with compressor piston 5, piston rod 6 is provided with pressure spring 7 on the part of buffer cavity C, the present invention also comprises the suction and discharge control mechanism, and the suction and discharge control mechanism comprises control mechanism cylinder body 2, one end of control mechanism cylinder body 2 is fixedlyed connected with decompressor cylinder body 1, the other end of control mechanism cylinder body 2 is fixedlyed connected with compressor casing 3, control mechanism cylinder body 2 install end cap 8 and lower end cap 9 up and down respectively, piston rod 6 passes control mechanism cylinder body 2.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, top and the bottom in the middle of the control mechanism cylinder body 2 are axially left upper hopper chute 10 and gliding groove 11 respectively, upper hopper chute 10 interpolation top slide blocks 12, top slide block 12 is fixed on the piston rod 6, open enterprising air control hole 13 on the upper hopper chute 10, place the bottom slide block 14 of two sideband projectioies in the gliding groove 11, driving lever 15 is fixed on the piston rod 6, driving lever 15 is stirred bottom slide block 14 with the motion of piston rod 6 and is moved in gliding groove 11, open down air inlet control hole 16 and exhaust control hole 17 respectively near the place, both sides on the gliding groove 11, inlet hole 18 and exhaust port 19 are set on decompressor cylinder body 1 end cap, inlet hole 18 communicates with enterprising air control hole 13 and 16 series connection of following air inlet control hole, and exhaust port 19 communicates with 17 series connection of exhaust control hole.
The clearance volume controlling mechanism that is connected with compressor comprises cylinder cap 20, cylinder cap 20 is fixedlyed connected with clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21 is installed on the compressor casing 3, in the cylinder clearance volume controlling mechanism body 21 clearance volume controlling mechanism piston 22 is set, be connected with adjustable lever 23 on the clearance volume controlling mechanism piston 22, adjustable lever 23 can regulate clearance volume controlling mechanism pistons 22 move in clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, in the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, clearance volume controlling mechanism piston 22 forms with clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21 and regulates chamber D.
Referring to Fig. 4, have through hole 24 on the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body 21, through hole 24 will regulate chamber D and active chamber B is communicated with.
Air inlet control hole 13 is three, is respectively 13A, 13B, 13C.
When this unit was started working, because the effect of spring 7 is arranged, decompressor piston 4 was positioned at decompressor end cap one side, and bottom slide block 14 is at exhaust control hole 17 places at this moment, and exhaust control hole 17 is closed, and following air inlet control hole 16 is opened.Suppose unlatching upper inlet control hole 13B to be set according to operating mode, close enterprising air control hole 13A and 13C, pressurized gas pass through air inlet control hole 16 down, enterprising air control hole 13B and inlet hole 18 enter decompressor active chamber A, under the effect of high pressure air muscle power, decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 increase to decompressor active chamber A volume, the direction motion that compressor operating chamber B volume reduces, decompressor is air-breathing, spring 7 compressions, low-pressure gas in the B of compressor operating chamber is compressed, when top slide block 12 moved to enterprising air control hole 13B place with piston rod 6, enterprising air control hole 13B was cut off by top slide block 12 and closes, and the decompressor intake process finishes.
Under the effect of decompressor active chamber A inner high voltage gas, decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 move on, decompressor enters inflation process, gas pressure begins to descend in the decompressor active chamber A, the gas of B continues to be compressed in the compressor operating chamber simultaneously, up to the exhaust pressure that reaches setting, compressor enters exhaust process.When act on decompressor piston 4 and the compressor piston 5 axially make a concerted effort opposite with its moving direction, decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 enter the retarded motion process, during near dead-centre position, driving lever 15 is stirred bottom slide block 14 and is arrived air inlet control hole 16 places down, following air inlet control hole 16 is closed, exhaust control hole 17 is opened, and decompressor inflation process and compressor air-discharging process finish, and decompressor active chamber A inner high voltage gas or liquid become low-pressure gas or gas-liquid two-phase fluid.
At this moment, under the promotion of compressor operating chamber B residual high pressure gas and spring 7, decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 beginnings reduce towards decompressor active chamber A volume, the direction motion that compressor operating chamber B volume increases, decompressor enters exhaust process, low-pressure gas or gas, gas-liquid two-phase liquid are discharged by exhaust port 19, exhaust control hole 17 in the decompressor active chamber A, compressor enters the clearance inflation process, gas pressure reduces in the B of compressor operating chamber, when being lower than the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of setting, compressor enters breathing process.Decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 reduce towards decompressor active chamber A volume, in the direction movement process that compressor operating chamber B volume increases, spring 7 elastic force reduce gradually, axially making a concerted effort when opposite on acting on decompressor piston 4 and compressor piston 5 with its moving direction, decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 enter the retarded motion process, during near dead-centre position, driving lever 15 is stirred bottom slide block 14 to exhaust control hole 17 places, exhaust control hole 17 is closed, following air inlet control hole 16 is opened, decompressor exhaust process and compressor intake process finish, and each parts is all got back to initial position, and unit begins to enter next circulation.
Among Fig. 5, demonstration be the schematic representation of intake and exhaust control hole open and-shut mode and decompressor stroke corresponding relation.
Decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 increase to decompressor active chamber A volume, in the direction movement process that compressor operating chamber B volume reduces, enterprising air control hole 13 is opened, with air inlet control hole 16 unlatchings at present, when exhaust control hole 17 was closed, decompressor was a suction stroke; Following air inlet control hole 16 and exhaust control hole 17 states remain unchanged, and enterprising air control hole 13 is closed, and the decompressor gas-entered passageway cuts off, and decompressor enters expansion stroke; The compression stroke of compressor is relevant with the exhaust pressure of its setting with exhaust stroke, is compression stroke when being lower than exhaust pressure, is exhaust stroke when being higher than exhaust pressure; After decompressor arrives stop, decompressor piston 4, piston rod 6 and compressor piston 5 beginnings reduce to decompressor active chamber A volume, the direction motion that compressor operating chamber B volume increases, no matter enterprising air control hole 13 is closed still unlatching to whole process, because of lower inlet control hole 16 is closed all the time, the decompressor gas-entered passageway cuts off, and the control hole of exhaust simultaneously 17 is opened all the time, and decompressor is an exhaust stroke.The compressor redundant gap expansion stroke is relevant with the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of its setting with suction stroke, is the clearance expansion stroke when being higher than pressure of inspiration(Pi), is suction stroke when being lower than pressure of inspiration(Pi).
The upper hopper chute 10 that passes in the control cylinder cylinder body 2 has a plurality of enterprising air control holes 13, by opening the air inlet end position that different enterprising air control holes 13 can change decompressor, thereby change the flow and the output work of decompressor, spacing can change as required between the number of enterprising air control hole 13 and hole.
By rotation adjustable lever 23 regulating piston 22 is moved up and down, change the size that clearance volume is regulated chamber D, thereby regulate the clearance volume of compressor, when the output work of assurance decompressor changed, the merit of consumption of compressor and decompressor output was complementary.
The change of the enterprising air control hole 13 of decompressor, and the adjusting of compressor redundant gap volume, this dual mode combines, and can carry out the adjusting of flow and energy effectively to unit.
This free-piston type expansion---the compressor bank main application fields has: in compression-condensing type refrigerating method, substitute throttle valve, increase refrigerating capacity, and recovery expansion work, improve the coefficient of performance of cooling machine set, as traditional freon refrigeration system, novelly stride critical CO2 refrigeration system, and be refrigeration system of working medium etc. with the air; This unit also can be applied in the low taste heat source recovery device; In addition, by settle ignition mechanism in the decompressor chamber, this free-piston type expansion---compressor bank can be made free piston engine, thereby is applied to fields such as combustion gas motor compressor.
Claims (3)
1. free-piston type expansion-compressor bank, comprise decompressor, decompressor is connected with compressor, said decompressor comprises decompressor cylinder body (1), decompressor piston (4) is set in the decompressor cylinder body (1), decompressor piston (4) is divided into active chamber (A) and buffer cavity (C) with decompressor cylinder body (1), said compressor comprises compressor casing (3), compressor piston (5) is set in the compressor casing (3), compressor piston (5) surrounds active chamber (B) in compressor casing (3), decompressor piston (4) is connected by piston rod (6) with compressor piston (5), piston rod (6) is provided with pressure spring (7) on the part of buffer cavity (C), it is characterized in that, also comprise the suction and discharge control mechanism, said suction and discharge control mechanism comprises control mechanism cylinder body (2), one end of control mechanism cylinder body (2) is fixedlyed connected with decompressor cylinder body (1), the other end of control mechanism cylinder body (2) is fixedlyed connected with compressor casing (3), control mechanism cylinder body (2) install end cap (8) and lower end cap (9) up and down respectively, said piston rod (6) passes control mechanism cylinder body (2), open upper hopper chute (10) and gliding groove (11) respectively vertically in middle top and the bottom perpendicular to the cross section of control mechanism cylinder body (2) axis, upper hopper chute (10) interpolation top slide block (12), top slide block (12) is fixed on the piston rod (6), open enterprising air control hole (13) on the upper hopper chute (10), place the bottom slide block (14) of two sideband projectioies in the gliding groove (11), driving lever (15) is fixed on the piston rod (6), driving lever (15) is stirred bottom slide block (14) with the motion of piston rod (6) and is moved in gliding groove (11), gliding groove (11) is gone up near the place, both sides and is opened down air inlet control hole (16) and exhaust control hole (17) respectively, inlet hole (18) and exhaust port (19) are set on the end cap of said decompressor cylinder body (1), said inlet hole (18) communicates with enterprising air control hole (13) and following air inlet control hole (16) series connection, and said exhaust port (19) communicates with exhaust control hole (17) series connection.
2. a kind of free-piston type expansion-compressor bank according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the clearance volume controlling mechanism that is connected with compressor, said clearance volume controlling mechanism comprises cylinder cap (20), cylinder cap (20) is fixedlyed connected with clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body (21), clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body (21) is welded on the compressor casing (3), clearance volume controlling mechanism piston (22) is set in the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body (21), be connected with adjustable lever (23) on the clearance volume controlling mechanism piston (22), adjustable lever (23) can regulate clearance volume controlling mechanism piston (22) moves in clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body (21), in the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body (21), clearance volume controlling mechanism piston (22) forms with clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body (21) and regulates chamber (D), have through hole (24) on the clearance volume controlling mechanism cylinder body (21), through hole (24) will regulate chamber (D) and active chamber (B) is communicated with.
3. a kind of free-piston type expansion-compressor bank according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said enterprising air control hole (13) is at least two.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100732769A CN100359167C (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2004-11-15 | Free piston type expansion-compression unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100732769A CN100359167C (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2004-11-15 | Free piston type expansion-compression unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1605753A CN1605753A (en) | 2005-04-13 |
| CN100359167C true CN100359167C (en) | 2008-01-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100732769A Active CN100359167C (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2004-11-15 | Free piston type expansion-compression unit |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100436827C (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-11-26 | 烟台冰轮股份有限公司 | Energy indicator used in screw bolt refrigerant compressor |
| JP2009257119A (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-11-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Steam expander driven air compression apparatus |
| CN102042226B (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2014-12-31 | 上海维尔泰克螺杆机械有限公司 | Screw compressor having slide valve with flexible volume ratio |
| CN113074098B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2023-01-10 | 北京建筑大学 | Piston type expansion compressor and application method and system thereof |
| CN114122454A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-01 | 上海捷氢科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell and air supply system thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4414927A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1983-11-15 | Istvan Simon | Two stroke oscillating piston engine |
| CN1041808A (en) * | 1989-09-10 | 1990-05-02 | 四川石油管理局川东开发公司 | Integral power compressor |
| CN1061260A (en) * | 1990-11-03 | 1992-05-20 | 郭质钢 | Crankless double-acting piston engine |
| CN2131989Y (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-05-05 | 雷良榆 | Double action free piston-power locomotive crew |
| DE4303692A1 (en) * | 1993-02-09 | 1994-08-11 | Essener Technologie Und Entwic | Free piston exergy internal combustion engine with reduced fuel demand |
-
2004
- 2004-11-15 CN CNB2004100732769A patent/CN100359167C/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4414927A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1983-11-15 | Istvan Simon | Two stroke oscillating piston engine |
| CN1041808A (en) * | 1989-09-10 | 1990-05-02 | 四川石油管理局川东开发公司 | Integral power compressor |
| CN1061260A (en) * | 1990-11-03 | 1992-05-20 | 郭质钢 | Crankless double-acting piston engine |
| CN2131989Y (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-05-05 | 雷良榆 | Double action free piston-power locomotive crew |
| DE4303692A1 (en) * | 1993-02-09 | 1994-08-11 | Essener Technologie Und Entwic | Free piston exergy internal combustion engine with reduced fuel demand |
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| CN1605753A (en) | 2005-04-13 |
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