CN113074094A - Biomass energy-tower type solar energy coupling power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle - Google Patents
Biomass energy-tower type solar energy coupling power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113074094A CN113074094A CN202110369587.3A CN202110369587A CN113074094A CN 113074094 A CN113074094 A CN 113074094A CN 202110369587 A CN202110369587 A CN 202110369587A CN 113074094 A CN113074094 A CN 113074094A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass energy-tower type solar energy coupling power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle, which comprises a solar heat collection system, a biomass energy system and an organic Rankine cycle power generation system. The solar energy system comprises a heliostat field provided with a plurality of heliostats, a solar tower capable of absorbing solar rays reflected by the heliostat field and generating heat energy, and a heat collector for collecting the heat energy generated by the solar tower. The biomass energy system comprises a biomass boiler and a water storage tank for heating the biomass boiler. The organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a heat exchanger, an expander, a generator, a condenser and a working medium pump. The organic Rankine cycle power generation system provided by the invention realizes complementary combination of biomass energy and solar energy through coupling of the tower type solar energy system and the biomass energy system, improves the utilization rate of medium-low temperature geothermal resources and the thermal efficiency of circulation, solves the problems that the solar energy is changed by regions, weather, day and night and the like and the power generation energy density of the biomass energy is low and the like, and fully utilizes renewable energy to form a set of simple and flexible power generation system with wide application regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a biomass energy-tower type solar energy coupling power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle.
Background
Coal-fired power generation in China now occupies more than half of the total power generation amount in China all the time, carbon dioxide emission reaches the peak value in 2030 years promised by the government in China, carbon neutralization is realized in 2060 years, and with the requirements of emission reduction indexes and environmental protection, practical technologies of renewable clean energy such as solar energy, biomass energy and the like become more and more important.
Solar energy is renewable and rich clean energy, but the energy density of the solar energy is low, and the radiation energy needs to be converged by utilizing a light condensation or heat collection device, the existing light condensation technology mainly comprises a tower type, a disc type, a groove type and a linear Fresnel type, wherein the tower type device focuses the solar radiation to a receiver at a central high tower by utilizing a heliostat group for independently tracking sunlight, and the heat collection temperature can reach 200-2000 ℃. However, the tower type solar power generation is greatly influenced by weather, region and day and night changes, the construction cost is high, the field area requirement is large, and small-scale installation is not flexible enough, so that power generation by using solar energy and coupling other new energy sources is one of the paths for solving the problem.
The biomass energy belongs to renewable energy, the biomass converts the atmospheric air into the fuel containing carbon components by utilizing photosynthesis, so the net emission of biomass combustion is basically zero, and the biomass energy hardly discharges any harmful gas in the using process. In vast rural areas of China, biomass energy takes crop straws, rural mountain firewood and other biomass as fuels and has great advantages, and the biomass energy is used for generating electricity, so that pollution caused by rural straw combustion can be avoided, waste can be turned into wealth, and the utilization ratio of rural renewable energy resources is improved. However, the heat value of the biomass is low, the demand of pure biomass power generation raw materials is large, and the cost of biomass resource collection, transportation and storage is high, so that the problem can be solved by coupling the biomass energy and the solar energy.
Coupling solar energy with biomass energy to generate electricity also requires a suitable thermodynamic cycle system, particularly when a small scale power generation system uses a conventional steam rankine cycle system with saturated steam expanding in a wet steam turbine, water droplets are generated, and the water droplets can erode the turbine blade, so that the vibration and strength characteristics of the blade are changed, in order to reduce the adverse effect of liquid drops, a wet steam turbine generally needs to adopt a complex in-stage dehumidification structure and expensive erosion-resistant materials, so that the process difficulty is high, the manufacturing cost is high, organic matters with low boiling points are adopted in the organic Rankine cycle as thermal working media, the organic Rankine cycle can obtain proper evaporation pressure under a medium-low temperature heat source at 100-300 ℃, and has good thermodynamic cycle characteristics.
The invention utilizes the solar energy and the biomass energy to generate electricity in a coupling way, reduces the overall electricity generation cost, simultaneously utilizes the solar energy and the biomass energy in a complementary way, solves the problems that the solar energy is changed by regions, weather, day and night and the like and the electricity generation energy density of the biomass energy is low and the like, and fully utilizes the renewable energy to form a set of simple and flexible electricity generation system with wide application regions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a biomass energy-tower type solar energy coupling power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle, aiming at the problems of change of solar power generation regions, weather, day and night and the like, low biomass energy power generation energy density and the like. The system is easy to implement, convenient and flexible, and is particularly suitable for vast rural areas in the north. The environment caused by straw combustion and coal power generation is solved, and the whole power generation is stable, clean and pollution-free.
The invention discloses a biomass-tower type solar coupling power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle, which comprises a solar heat collection system, a biomass energy system and an organic Rankine cycle power generation system.
The tower type solar system comprises a heliostat field provided with a plurality of heliostats, a solar tower capable of absorbing solar rays reflected by the heliostat field and generating heat energy, and a heat collector for collecting the heat energy generated by the solar tower.
The biomass energy system comprises a biomass boiler and a water storage tank for heating the biomass boiler.
The organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a heat exchanger, an expander, a generator, a condenser and a working medium pump.
The solar heat collector and the water storage tank capable of heating biomass are connected with the high-temperature water tank, and the high-temperature water tank is connected with the heat exchanger for heat exchange. After the heat exchange is finished, the water temperature becomes low, and the low-temperature water flows back to the low-temperature water tank. The water pump respectively conveys water from the low-temperature water tank to the water storage tanks of the solar thermal collector and the biomass energy system as required through the control valve. And heat exchange and storage are completed.
The heat exchanger of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system absorbs heat from the high-temperature water tank, so that the organic working medium pumped by the working medium is heated and evaporated, the expander pushes the generator to operate to output electric energy to the outside, the working medium temperature of the expander is reduced, the working medium is recovered to the liquid working medium through the condenser, and the working medium is continuously conveyed to the heat exchanger by the working medium pump to complete cycle power generation.
The supersaturated water vapor heated by the solar thermal collector and the biomass energy is stored by the high-temperature water tank, so that the stability of energy storage is facilitated, when the solar radiation is strong, the high-temperature water generated by the solar thermal collector is conveyed into the high-temperature water tank, when the solar radiation is weakened and the water temperature in the high-temperature water tank is reduced, the biomass boiler is flexibly ignited, the stable supersaturated water vapor is continuously provided for the high-temperature water tank, and the stable output of electric energy of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system is facilitated.
The organic Rankine cycle system runs by adopting an organic working medium, the temperature of the high-temperature water tank is set to be 180-230 ℃, the number of heliostat pieces of the tower type solar heat collection system can be effectively reduced, the cost is reduced, the flexibility of the system is improved, the condition that the heat energy density generated by biomass combustion is low can be considered, and meanwhile, the organic Rankine cycle has incomparable advantages in the field of low-temperature cycle.
The invention has the advantages of taking into account the advantages of a tower type solar heat collection system, a biomass energy system and an organic Rankine cycle system of a small number of heliostats, invents a pollution-free power generation system with flexibility, operability and wide application range, and particularly has great advantages in vast rural areas and areas with rich biomass energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the principle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A biomass-tower type solar coupling power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle comprises a solar heat collection system, a biomass energy system and an organic Rankine cycle power generation system.
The tower type solar heat collection system comprises a sun 1, a heliostat field 2, a solar tower 3, a solar heat collector 4, a valve 5, a high-temperature water tank 6, a heat exchanger 14, a low-temperature water tank 13, a valve 15 and a water pump 10. When solar radiation is strong, the first valve 5 and the second valve 15 are opened, the water pump conveys water from the low-temperature water tank 13 to the solar heat collector 4, working medium water absorbs solar energy through the heliostat field 2, the temperature is increased and flows to the high-temperature water tank 6 through the valve 5, the high-temperature water tank 6 carries out heat exchange through the heat exchanger 14 to heat organic working medium in the organic Rankine cycle system, the water temperature is reduced after the organic working medium passes through the heat exchanger, and the organic working medium flows back to the low-temperature water tank 13, so that the conversion of the solar energy into heat energy.
The organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a heat exchanger 14, an expander 19, a generator 18, a condenser 17 and a working medium pump 16. Through the heat exchanger 14, the organic working medium absorbs heat to expand, the expander 19 is pushed to operate, the expander 19 drives the generator 18 to work to generate electric energy, the working medium is converted into liquid working medium through the condenser 17 after acting, the liquid working medium is continuously conveyed into the heat exchanger 14 by the working medium pump 16 to carry out heat exchange, and power generation of the organic Rankine cycle system is completed.
The biomass energy system comprises a biomass boiler 9, a water storage tank 8, a valve 7, a high-temperature water tank 6, a heat exchanger 14, a low-temperature water tank 13, a valve 12 and a water pump 11. When the solar radiation intensity is weakened and the temperature of the high-temperature water tank 6 is reduced to 180 ℃, the valve 7 and the valve 12 are opened, the valve 5 and the valve 15 are closed, the water pump 11 works, water is sent into the water storage tank 8 from the low-temperature water tank 13, the biomass boiler starts to work to heat the water in the water storage tank 8, the water enters the high-temperature water tank 6 through the valve 7 after being heated, the water temperature in the high-temperature water tank 6 is maintained to be higher than 180 ℃, the high-temperature water tank continuously exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 14, the organic working medium in the organic Rankine cycle system is heated, the water temperature is reduced after passing through the heat exchanger, and the organic working medium.
Claims (8)
1. A tower type solar energy coupling power generation system for biomass energy of an organic Rankine cycle is characterized by comprising a solar heat collection system, a biomass energy heat collection system and an organic Rankine cycle power generation system.
2. The organic Rankine cycle biomass-tower solar-coupled power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat collection system comprises the sun (1), a heliostat field (2), a solar tower (3), a solar heat collector (4), a valve (5), a high-temperature water tank (6), a heat exchanger (14), a low-temperature water tank (13), a valve (15), and a water pump (10); when solar radiation is strong, the first valve (5) and the second valve (15) are opened, the water pump conveys water from the low-temperature water tank (13) to the solar heat collector (4), working medium water absorbs solar energy through the heliostat field (2), the temperature is increased and flows to the high-temperature water tank (6) through the first valve (5), the high-temperature water tank (6) carries out heat exchange through the heat exchanger (14), organic working medium in the organic Rankine cycle power generation system is heated, the water temperature is reduced after the organic working medium passes through the heat exchanger (14), and the water flows back to the low-temperature water tank (13), so that the solar energy is converted into heat energy.
3. The orc biomass-tower solar coupled power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the biomass heat collection system comprises a biomass boiler (9), a water storage tank (8), a valve three (7), a valve four (12), and a water pump (11); when the solar radiation intensity is weakened and the temperature of the high-temperature water tank (6) is reduced to 180 ℃, the valve III (7) and the valve IV (12) are opened, the valve I (5) and the valve II (15) are closed, the water pump (11) works, water is sent into the water storage tank (8) from the low-temperature water tank (13), the biomass boiler starts to work, water in the water storage tank (8) is heated, the water enters the high-temperature water tank (6) through the valve III (7) after being heated, the water temperature in the high-temperature water tank (6) is maintained to be higher than 180 ℃, heat exchange between the high-temperature water tank and the heat exchanger (14) is continued, organic working media in the organic Rankine cycle system are heated, the water temperature is reduced after passing through the heat exchanger (14), and the organic working media.
4. The orc-based biomass-tower solar-coupled power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the orc-based power generation system comprises an expander (19), a generator (18), a condenser (17), and a working medium pump (16); the organic working medium absorbs heat to expand through the heat exchanger (14), the expander (19) is pushed to operate, the expander (19) drives the generator (18) to work to generate electric energy, the working medium is converted into liquid working medium through the condenser (17) after acting, the liquid working medium is continuously conveyed into the heat exchanger (14) through the working medium pump (16) to carry out heat exchange, and the organic Rankine cycle system power generation is completed.
5. The organic Rankine cycle biomass-tower-type solar-coupled power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the organic working medium of the organic Rankine cycle system is R123.
6. The organic Rankine cycle biomass-tower-type solar coupled power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the working medium of the solar heat collection system and the biomass heat collection system is water.
7. The organic Rankine cycle biomass-tower-type solar coupled power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat collection system comprises a plurality of heliostats, a solar heat collector and a control valve, the solar heat collector directly heats working medium water to generate high-temperature water vapor, and the high-temperature water vapor enters the high-temperature water tank.
8. The solar photo-thermal, photovoltaic and biomass combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the biomass energy heat collecting system adopts a biomass direct-fired boiler.
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Citations (6)
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| CN103061833A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 东南大学 | Solar energy and biomass energy combined heat and power cogeneration device |
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| US20130219888A1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2013-08-29 | Wuhan Kaidi Engineering Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Method and system for power generation |
| CN203476624U (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2014-03-12 | 南京美晟新能源科技有限公司 | Low-temperature organic Rankine cycle solar heat power generation system |
| CN205663579U (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-26 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司 | Steam tower -type solar thermal power generation and direct combustion type living beings combined cycle generation system |
| US20180066635A1 (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-08 | Huazhong University Of Science And Technology | Combined solar thermal power generation system |
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2021
- 2021-03-31 CN CN202110369587.3A patent/CN113074094A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130219888A1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2013-08-29 | Wuhan Kaidi Engineering Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Method and system for power generation |
| CN103061833A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 东南大学 | Solar energy and biomass energy combined heat and power cogeneration device |
| CN103147945A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-06-12 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Solar power and biomass power complementing organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system |
| CN203476624U (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2014-03-12 | 南京美晟新能源科技有限公司 | Low-temperature organic Rankine cycle solar heat power generation system |
| CN205663579U (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-26 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司 | Steam tower -type solar thermal power generation and direct combustion type living beings combined cycle generation system |
| US20180066635A1 (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-08 | Huazhong University Of Science And Technology | Combined solar thermal power generation system |
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Application publication date: 20210706 |