CN113072575B - 一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113072575B CN113072575B CN202110334739.6A CN202110334739A CN113072575B CN 113072575 B CN113072575 B CN 113072575B CN 202110334739 A CN202110334739 A CN 202110334739A CN 113072575 B CN113072575 B CN 113072575B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- formula
- magnesium
- organic compound
- silicon organic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- -1 aromatic silicon organic compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 60
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 22
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001500 aryl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006227 trimethylsilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001499 aryl bromides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- LPAACDPLYZJUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC([Si](C)(C)C)=C1 LPAACDPLYZJUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HREFXRBIIBMQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-fluorophenyl)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 HREFXRBIIBMQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JNMGPIRHEVSHJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-methoxyphenyl)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC([Si](C)(C)C)=C1 JNMGPIRHEVSHJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VZKFVPRKXHZBQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-fluorophenyl)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 VZKFVPRKXHZBQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XYZOPPYWEMJIAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methoxyphenyl)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([Si](C)(C)C)C=C1 XYZOPPYWEMJIAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NMURULNJPSDLLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-tert-butylphenyl)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C([Si](C)(C)C)C=C1 NMURULNJPSDLLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OVMFTFDFVZRFJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-(3-methylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([Si](C)(C)C)=C1 OVMFTFDFVZRFJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGHURGPPCGMAMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-(4-methylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([Si](C)(C)C)C=C1 QGHURGPPCGMAMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NVRBTKMAZQNKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-(4-trimethylsilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC=C([Si](C)(C)C)C=C1 NVRBTKMAZQNKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MKAUETBYNMSKAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(F)(F)F MKAUETBYNMSKAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IEFGJDFUBXVNJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 IEFGJDFUBXVNJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical group COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxycyclopentane Chemical compound COC1CCCC1 SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSNUIYJWTSJUMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;trimethyl(oxido)silane Chemical compound [Na+].C[Si](C)(C)[O-] HSNUIYJWTSJUMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGRVQOKCSKDWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl DGRVQOKCSKDWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQHNWJBSROXROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3,5-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC(Cl)=CC(OC)=C1 WQHNWJBSROXROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUKILTJWFRTXGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 YUKILTJWFRTXGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSOUNOBYRMOXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 OSOUNOBYRMOXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRGAYAGBVIXNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YRGAYAGBVIXNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRTANKYQJQXSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-chlorobenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 XRTANKYQJQXSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPDACUSDTOMAMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Chlorotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 NPDACUSDTOMAMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003692 Hiyama coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical group [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);diiodide Chemical compound [Co+2].[I-].[I-] AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001641 magnesium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFSQJYRFLQUZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) iodide Chemical compound I[Ni]I BFSQJYRFLQUZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QULYNCCPRWKEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N parachlorobenzotrifluoride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 QULYNCCPRWKEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KXFSUVJPEQYUGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(phenyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXFSUVJPEQYUGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/0805—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising only Si, C or H atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/0825—Preparations of compounds not comprising Si-Si or Si-cyano linkages
- C07F7/0827—Syntheses with formation of a Si-C bond
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明专利涉及有机合成领域,尤其是指一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
芳香硅有机化合物是有机合成中有用的中间体,可用于多种官能团的转化和钯催化的Hiyama偶联反应(Synlett 1991,845;2012,23,973;J.Chem.Soc.,Chem.Commun.1995,983;Top.Curr.Chem.2002,219,61.)。芳香硅有机化合物最常用的制备方法是格氏试剂与氯代硅烷的偶联反应(J.Organomet.Chem.1987,319,29),以及过渡金属钯催化的芳基溴化物与二硅烷的偶联反应(Chem.Commun.2000,1895;Synlett 2000,1801)。然而,这些方法使用芳基溴化物为起始原料,需要预先使用芳基溴化物与金属镁制备格氏试剂,或者需要过渡金属催化体系,合成成本较高。
现有技术中,使用廉价的芳基氯化物代替芳基溴化物制备芳香硅有机化合物的方法主要有:(1)芳基氯化物与活性金属反应产生芳基金属中间体,该中间体再与氯代硅烷反应生成芳香硅化合物(J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.Org.Bioorg.Chem.1999,2869;Org.Biomol.Chem.2007,5,3520);(2)二硅烷与甲醇钠反应生成三甲基硅基钠,然后与芳基氯发生亲核取代生成目标产物(Org.Lett.2001,3,1197;J.Organomet.Chem.2002,656,108.);(3)使用电化学方法,芳基氯化物与氯代硅烷完成偶联生成三甲基硅基芳族化合物(J.Organomet.Chem.1987,321,C27;J.Org.Chem.1992,57,4705;WO2005123811A1.);(4)过渡金属钯与大位阻膦配体催化的芳基氯化物与二硅烷的偶联反应(Organometallics2006,25,4665)。尽管这些方法使用廉价的芳基氯化物出发有效合成相应的芳香硅有机化合物,但是都存在明显的不足之处,比如于低温下使用高活性的钠,增加了操作难度与成本;使用二硅烷成本高,且硅基利用率低;使用有毒且致癌的HMPA作为溶剂;硅基负离子亲核取代存在的选择性问题;使用镁作为牺牲阳极的电化学反应的可行性低的问题;使用昂贵过渡金属催化剂与特殊膦配体。
因此,提供一种操作简便、成本低,收率高的芳基硅化合物的制备方法显得很有必要。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一,本发明提供一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,所述芳香硅有机化合物为如下式3所示化合物,其由式1所示化合物和式2所示化合物反应制备得到,反应式如下所示,
其中,a取自0~5的任意整数,n取自1~6的任意整数,R1选自烷基、烷氧基、氟、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基中的一种;m取自1~3的任意整数,R2选自C1~C6烷基;
所述反应使用的催化剂为MIc,MIc为碘盐,M为金属离子,c根据M的价态取自1或2;
所述反应过程中加入镁。
优选地,a取自1或2,n取自1或2,R1选自C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基、氟、三氟甲基。
在本发明的一个或多个实施例中,所述反应在溶剂中进行,所述溶剂为无水有机溶剂;所述无水有机溶剂为纯度99.5%以上的有机溶剂,优选为纯度99.9%以上的有机溶剂。
优选地,所述无水有机溶剂选自无水四氢呋喃,无水乙醚,无水1,4环氧六烷和无水乙二醇二甲醚中的一种或多种;
更优选地,所述无水有机溶剂选自无水四氢呋喃。
在本发明的一个或多个实施例中,M选自钠离子、钾离子、亚铜离子、钴离子、镍离子、锌离子、镁离子、铜离子;MIc选自碘化钠、碘化钾、碘化亚铜、碘化钴、碘化镍、碘化锌、碘化镁、碘化铜;
优选地,M为钠离子;所述MIc为碘化钠。
在本发明的一个或多个实施例中,所述催化剂与式1所示化合物的摩尔比为1:(1~100);
优选地,所述催化剂与式1所示化合物的摩尔比为1:(20~100),更优选为1:20。
在本发明的一个或多个实施例中,所述式1所示化合物、式2所示化合物和镁-的摩尔比为1:(1~5):(1~5);
优选地,所述式1所示化合物、式2所示化合物和镁的摩尔比为1:1.2:1.5。
在本发明的一个或多个实施例中,m为1,R2选自甲基、乙基、异丙基中的一种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施例中,所述反应在惰性氛围内进行,所述惰性氛围为氩气气氛。
在本发明的一个或多个实施例中,所述反应温度控制为15~35℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点和有益效果:
1、本发明制备方法以芳基氯化物和氯代硅烷为起始原料,价廉易得,成本低;
2、本发明制备方法使用碘盐为催化剂,无需过渡金属催化剂和复杂配体催化体系,不但节约了成本,而且有效避免了重金属残留;
3、本发明制备方法以碘盐为催化剂、金属镁为介质,无需预制备格氏试剂,使用廉价易得的原料与催化剂,通过一步反应高效制备目标产物,在芳基硅化合物的制备上具有操作简便,收率高,成本廉价的优势,并且于室温下制备芳香硅有机化合物,反应条件温和,易于工业化。
附图说明
图1为实施例2中以氯苯底物的三甲基硅基化反应的动力学数据结果图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的方案进行解释。本领域技术人员将会理解,下面的实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。使用的方法如无特别说明,均为本领域公知的常规方法,使用的耗材和试剂如无特别说明,均为市场购得。除非另有说明,本文中所用的专业与科学术语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。此外,任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法或材料也可应用于本发明中。
实施例1
以氯苯为标准底物的三甲基硅基化反应的反应式如下所示:
反应结果如表1所示:
表1:氯苯的三甲基硅基化反应的催化剂MIc和溶剂选择实验结果
以上反应式及实验结果中,MIc表示添加剂,equiv指的是当量,THF是四氢呋喃,CPME是甲基环戊基醚,2-Me-THF是2-甲基四氢呋喃,DME是乙二醇二甲醚,MeOtBu是甲基叔丁基醚,产率的测量方法如下:1)先配制一定摩尔量梯度的标准产物三甲基苯硅烷和内标样品十二烷的混合物做气相色谱分析,测量峰面积,得到峰面积比和摩尔量的关系曲线,即内标曲线。2)在反应中加入十二烷作为内标,气相色谱分析测得产物和内标物的峰面积比,通过内标曲线测得产物的摩尔量,再用产物的摩尔量比氯代芳烃的摩尔量计算所得的GC产率。由实验结果可知,5mol%的碘化钠(表示当氯苯为1equiv时,碘化钠的使用量取0.05equiv)为最佳催化剂,THF为溶剂于25℃下反应10小时得到的目标产率最高,可达92%。
表2:氯苯的三甲基硅基化反应的催化剂用量及反应比例选择实验结果
实施例2:以氯苯为标准底物碘化钠为催化剂的三甲基硅基化反应的反应动力学研究
以氯苯为标准底物的三甲基硅基化反应的反应式如下所示:
其中equiv指的是当量,THF是四氢呋喃,t为反应时间,产率测量方法同实施例1。当使用5mol%的碘化钠(表示当氯苯为1equiv时,碘化钠的使用量取0.05equiv)为催化剂,THF为溶剂,在25℃下,反应30小时的反应动力学数据结果图如图1所示,由图可知,反应10小时后目标产物的产率增加缓慢。
实施例3:对甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成
对甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成的反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),对氯甲苯(63.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体70.7mg,即为对甲基苯基三甲基硅,产率为86%。
实施例4:间甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成
间甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成的反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),间氯甲苯(63.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应16小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体66.0mg,即为间甲基苯基三甲基硅,产率为81%。
实施例5:对叔丁基苯基三甲基硅的合成
对叔丁基苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),对叔丁基氯苯(84.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体93mg,即为对叔丁基苯基三甲基硅,产率为90%。
实施例6:对氟苯基三甲基硅的合成
对氟苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),对氟氯苯(65.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体53.0mg,即为对氟苯基三甲基硅,产率为63%。
实施例7:间氟苯基三甲基硅的合成
间氟苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),对氟氯苯(65.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在15℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体58.9mg,即为间氟苯基三甲基硅,产率为70%。
实施例8:对三氟甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成
对三氟甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),对三氟甲基氯苯(90.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体(218.29)60.0mg,即为对三氟甲基苯基三甲基硅,产率55%。
实施例9:邻三氟甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成
邻三氟甲基苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),邻三氟甲基氯苯(90.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在35℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体(218.29)71.0mg,即为邻三氟甲基苯基三甲基硅,产率为65%。
实施例10:对甲氧基苯基三甲基硅的合成
对甲氧基苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),对甲氧基氯苯(71.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体79.0mg,即为对甲氧基苯基三甲基硅,产率为88%。
实施例11:间甲氧基苯基三甲基硅的合成
间甲氧基苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),间甲氧基氯苯(71.3mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体(180.32)77.0mg,即为间甲氧基苯基三甲基硅,产率为85%。
实施例12:3,5-二甲氧基苯基三甲基硅的合成
3,5-二甲氧基苯基三甲基硅的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),3,5-二甲氧基氯苯(73.5mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到无色液体(222.48)102.3mg,即为3,5-二甲氧基苯基三甲基硅,产率为92%。
实施例13:1,4-二(三甲基硅基)苯的合成
1,4-二(三甲基硅基)苯的合成反应式如下所示:
具体过程如下所示:于手套箱中,向装有磁子的4mL反应容器中依次加入碘化钠(3.7mg,0.025mmol),镁粉(18.2mg,0.75mmol),无水THF(1mL),1,4二氯苯(73.5mg,0.5mmol),三甲基氯硅烷(76μL,0.6mmol),然后在25℃下搅拌反应10小时。反应结束后加入适量二氯甲烷稀释,经装有硅藻土的滴管过滤后,向滤液中加入几滴水猝灭反应,然后再经装有无水硫酸钠和硅藻土的滴管过滤后经旋蒸除去溶剂,最后通过硅胶柱色谱分离提纯得到-白色固体80.0mg,即为1,4-二(三甲基硅基)苯,产率72%。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂与式1所示化合物的摩尔比为1:1~100。
3.根据权利要求2所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂与式1所示化合物的摩尔比为1:20。
4.根据权利要求1所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式1所示化合物、式2所示化合物和镁的摩尔比为1:(1~5):(1~5)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式1所示化合物、式2所示化合物和镁的摩尔比为1:1.2:1.5。
6.根据权利要求1所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,m为1,R2选自甲基、乙基、异丙基中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述反应在惰性氛围内进行。
8.根据权利要求7所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述惰性氛围为氩气气氛。
9.根据权利要求1所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述镁为镁条、镁粒或镁粉。
10.根据权利要求9所述的芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述镁为镁粉。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110334739.6A CN113072575B (zh) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | 一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110334739.6A CN113072575B (zh) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | 一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113072575A CN113072575A (zh) | 2021-07-06 |
CN113072575B true CN113072575B (zh) | 2022-08-05 |
Family
ID=76611139
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110334739.6A Active CN113072575B (zh) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | 一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113072575B (zh) |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102993226B (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2016-04-13 | 安徽贝克生物制药有限公司 | 制备苯基二甲基氯硅烷的方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-03-29 CN CN202110334739.6A patent/CN113072575B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113072575A (zh) | 2021-07-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Zhu et al. | The direct formation of functionalized alkyl (aryl) zinc halides by oxidative addition of highly reactive zinc with organic halides and their reactions with acid chlorides,. alpha.,. beta.-unsaturated ketones, and allylic, aryl, and vinyl halides | |
Giovannini et al. | An Efficient Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Between sp3 Carbon Centers | |
Fürstner et al. | Preparation of allyl-, alkenyl-and of functionalized arylmanganese reagents by oxidative insertion of manganese-graphite into organic halides | |
Kondo et al. | Nucleophilic and electrophilic allylation reactions. Synthesis, structure, and ambiphilic reactivity of (. eta. 3-Allyl) ruthenium (II) complexes | |
US20020161230A1 (en) | Process for preparing boronic and borinic acids | |
JP2004505091A (ja) | アダマンチル基を有するホスファンリガンド、その製造および接触反応におけるその使用 | |
US4912276A (en) | Preparation of biaryl compounds | |
KR20010052918A (ko) | 산화 티탄(4) 촉매에 의해 매개된 카복실산 아미드의동일탄소상 대칭적 디알킬화 | |
Guo et al. | Pd-catalyzed arylation of silyl enol ethers of substituted α-fluoroketones | |
Sato et al. | Copper-catalyzed reaction of grignard reagents with. BETA.-propiolactones: A convenient method for the synthesis of. BETA.-substituted propionic acids. | |
CN113072575B (zh) | 一种芳香硅有机化合物的制备方法 | |
CN114716353B (zh) | 一种4-碘-2,3-二烯砜类化合物的合成方法 | |
Lipshutz et al. | Microwave accelerated, Ni/C-catalyzed cross-couplings of in situ-derived zirconocenes | |
Savela et al. | Iron catalyzed halogenation of benzylic aldehydes and ketones | |
JP6498048B2 (ja) | 含フッ素有機化合物及びこれとグリニャール試薬によるビアリール化合物の製造方法 | |
US6296788B1 (en) | Process for the preparation of Grignard reagents and novel Grignard reagents | |
EP0676404A2 (en) | Oxotitanium complexes useful as asymmetric reaction catalysts particularly for producing beta-hydroxy ketones or alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid esters | |
JP2000044581A (ja) | 第3級ヒドロカルビルシリル化合物の製造方法 | |
Ganchegui et al. | Unusual Cleavage of the Enolsilane CO Bond: Transformation of 2-Silyloxy-1, 3-dienes into 1, 3-Dienyl-2-zirconium Compounds and their Cross-Coupling Reactions | |
US4384158A (en) | Method for the preparation of cis-11-hexadecen-1-yne | |
US6686498B2 (en) | Process for the preparation of Michael-adducts | |
CN105665025A (zh) | 一种pnn配体-钴络合物催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
JPH1025258A (ja) | シクロペンタジエン系化合物のアルキル化方法 | |
CN115745825B (zh) | 利用三齿nno镍配合物催化酰胺烷基化反应的方法 | |
US6024897A (en) | Process for the preparation of benzyl-metal compounds and process for the preparation of 4-phenyl-1-butenes by the use of the same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |