CN113072126A - 一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法 - Google Patents
一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
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- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium chloride Substances [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于污水处理技术领域，涉及一种Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法。涉及的一种Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法用以对吸附含磷污水中磷后的纳米复合结构动态模组进行反冲洗；反冲洗后产生的以Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料与高浓度磷混合物为主的反洗混合液静置后得到含磷Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料，含磷Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料经过反洗池反洗后得到具有高含水量的含磷Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料；高含水量的含磷Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料在反洗池内静置达到固液分离，脱水含磷Mg/Al‑PAC复合材料的进入容器；将脱水含磷吸附剂置入磷脱附池内，并在磷脱附池内加入脱吸附溶剂进行磷脱吸附。本发明具有脱水、洗涤和分离速度快，效率高的特点，并达到了资源的循环利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于污水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法。
背景技术
磷是人类和动植物不可缺少的重要元素。它是生命物质核苷酸的基本成分，对于人体内代谢平衡，调节能量代谢过程中发挥重要作用。但是由于工业，农业生产和人类的活动造成含磷污水的大量排放，其中包括含磷有机物、合成洗涤剂、化肥农药及工业废液等，上述含磷污水没有得到适当的处理而直接排放到江河湖海中，会造成这些水体的富营养化从而引发藻类的异常繁殖: 在淡水水体中产生水华, 在海洋中产生赤潮，严重破坏了水体生态环境。同时，长期饮用过量含磷的水源对人体的肝脏等器官有极大的危害。所以如何有效的去除和回收废水中的磷对于治理水体富营养化和磷资源回收都具有重要意义。
常用的除磷方法主要包括生物法，化学法和吸附法。其中吸附法便是利用多空隙和大比表面积的吸附剂通过物理吸附，离子交换和表面沉淀的过程来实现含磷污水的治理。由于吸附法除磷占地面积小，价格低廉，操作方便而被广泛利用在除磷治理中。但是由于含磷污水在吸附剂处理过后，高浓度的磷富集在吸附剂中，如何合理处理大量产生的含磷吸附剂，避免其造成二次污染变成了吸附法除磷的关键所在。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法，使其能实现Mg/Al-PAC复合材料的循环利用，降低成本和二次污染的几率，以及含磷废水中磷的回收，做到资源的循环利用。
本发明为完成上述目的采用如下技术方案：
一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法，Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法用以对吸附含磷污水中磷后的纳米复合结构动态模组进行反冲洗；反冲洗后产生的以Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与高浓度磷混合物为主的反洗混合液静置5-8小时后得到含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料，含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料经过反洗池反洗后得到具有高含水量的含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料；高含水量的含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料在反洗池内静置达到固液分离，脱水含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料的进入容器；将脱水含磷吸附剂置入磷脱附池内，并在所述的磷脱附池5内加入脱吸附溶剂；所述的脱水含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与脱吸附溶剂混合搅拌1 ～10 小时进行磷脱吸附；磷脱吸附完成后静置1～5 小时后使用筛网滤出Mg/Al-PAC复合材料；滤出Mg/Al-PAC复合材料后的溶液与CaCl2按照Ca与P=1：0.5～8的比例混合搅拌1～5小时，得到磷酸钙，即将含磷污水中的磷以磷酸钙的形式从污水中分离；将脱附分离后的Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与10 ～30 w/v%的MgCl2溶液混合搅拌1 ～ 20 小时进行吸附剂的再生以恢复复合纳米材料的吸附性能；从而实现吸附剂的循环利用，降低处理成本和系统排渣量。
所述的脱吸附溶剂由1～50 w/v%的NaCl 溶液和1～10 w/v%的 NaOH溶液的组成；w/v% 为质量浓度，指单位体积的脱磷吸附剂所需加入的NaCl和NaOH的质量。
所述的脱吸附溶剂由4w/v%的NaCl溶液和2 w/v% N的aOH溶液组成。
本发明提出的一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法，利用Mg/Al-PAC复合材料本身的高脱水性，不需加入化学药品，将反洗混合液Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与高浓度磷等混合物静置5小时，混合物吸附剂脱水率可达82-88%；再利用脱吸附溶剂对吸附有磷的Mg/Al-PAC复合材料进行磷脱吸附，最后在进行磷的回收和Mg/Al-PAC复合材料的再生，实现了Mg/Al-PAC复合材料的循环使用；具有脱水、洗涤和分离速度快，效率高的特点，完全满足工程化应用；所使用的材料易取得，处理成本低，节约资源， Mg/Al-PAC复合纳米材料可循环使用；本发明将磷从吸附剂中脱附并且以磷酸钙的形式加以回收利用，达到资源的循环利用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的原理图。
图中：1、纳米复合结构动态模组，2、含磷污水，3、反洗池，4、容器，5、磷脱附池，6、磷回收，7、Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生。
具体实施方式
结合附图和具体实施例对本发明加以详细说明：
如图1所示，一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法，Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法用以对吸附含磷污水2中磷后的纳米复合结构动态模组1进行反冲洗；反冲洗后产生的以Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与高浓度磷混合物为主的反洗混合液静置5-8小时后滤出作为吸附剂的含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料，含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料经过反洗池3反洗后得到具有高含水量的含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料；高含水量的含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料在反洗池内静置达到固液分离，脱水含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料的进入容器4；将脱水含磷吸附剂置入磷脱附池5内，并在所述的磷脱附池5内加入脱吸附溶剂；所述的脱水含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与脱吸附溶剂混合搅拌6 小时进行磷脱吸附；磷脱吸附完成后静置1小时后使用筛网滤出Mg/Al-PAC复合材料；滤出Mg/Al-PAC复合材料后的溶液与CaCl2按照Ca与P=1：0.5的比例混合搅拌2小时，得到磷酸钙，即将含磷污水中的磷以磷酸钙的形式从污水中分离；将脱附分离后的Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与15的MgCl2溶液混合搅拌2小时进行吸附剂的再生以恢复复合纳米材料的吸附性能；反应后的溶液离心，真空干燥后，在400～450℃的温度下烧结，时间为1个小时，进行吸附剂的再生以恢复复合纳米材料的吸附性能；从而实现吸附剂的循环利用，降低处理成本和系统排渣量。
所述的脱吸附溶剂由1～50 w/v%的NaCl 溶液和1～10 w/v%的 NaOH溶液的组成；w/v% 为质量浓度，指单位体积的脱磷吸附剂所需加入的NaCl和NaOH的质量。
试验例1:本实验使用5ppm 的磷酸盐溶液通过使用纳米复合结构动态模组技术进行磷的移除.实验条件如下: 通量200 LMH,过滤时间5小时，膜面积0.0138 m2. 将反冲洗后产生的以Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与高浓度磷混合物为主的反洗混合液分别静置2至10小时后滤出吸附剂并测量重量；实验结果如表1所示：反洗混合液在静置6小时后达到86%的脱水率并且达到脱水平衡。
表1
试验例2.本实验使用上述脱水含磷吸附剂分别与6组不同比例构成的脱吸附溶剂进行脱吸附反应。实验结果如表2所示。
由表2可知4 w/v% NaCl 和 2 w/v% NaOH构成的脱吸附溶剂，其吸附效果最好。
名词解释：反冲洗：使用高速水流反向通过滤膜，在水流剪切力和膜表面吸附剂间碰撞的双重作用下，把截留在膜表面的纳米复合材料从膜表面剥落下来，然后被冲洗水冲入反洗池内。
Claims (3)
1.一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法，其特征在于：Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法用以对吸附含磷污水中磷后的纳米复合结构动态模组进行反冲洗；反冲洗后产生的以Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与高浓度磷混合物为主的反洗混合液静置5-8小时后得到含磷的Mg/Al-PAC复合材料，含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料经过反洗池反洗后得到具有高含水量的含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料；高含水量的含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料在反洗池内静置达到固液分离，脱水含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料的进入容器；将脱水含磷吸附剂置入磷脱附池内，并在所述的磷脱附池内加入脱吸附溶剂；所述的脱水含磷Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与脱吸附溶剂混合搅拌1 ～ 10 小时进行磷脱吸附；磷脱吸附完成后静置1～5 小时后使用筛网滤出Mg/Al-PAC复合材料；滤出Mg/Al-PAC复合材料后的溶液与CaCl2按照Ca与P=1：0.5～8的比例混合搅拌1～5小时，得到磷酸钙，即将含磷污水中的磷以磷酸钙的形式从污水中分离；将脱附分离后的Mg/Al-PAC复合材料与10 ～30 w/v%的MgCl2溶液混合搅拌1 ～ 20 小时进行吸附剂的再生以恢复复合纳米材料的吸附性能；从而实现吸附剂的循环利用，降低处理成本和系统排渣量。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法，其特征在于：所述的脱吸附溶剂由1～50 w/v%的NaCl 溶液和1～10 w/v%的 NaOH溶液的组成；w/v% 为质量浓度，指单位体积的脱磷吸附剂所需加入的NaCl和NaOH的质量。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种Mg/Al-PAC复合材料再生和磷回收的方法，其特征在于：所述的脱吸附溶剂由4w/v%的NaCl溶液 和2 w/v% N的aOH溶液组成。
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