CN113070200B - Drum screen hole blockage cleaning device and drum screen hole blockage cleaning method - Google Patents

Drum screen hole blockage cleaning device and drum screen hole blockage cleaning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113070200B
CN113070200B CN202110376310.3A CN202110376310A CN113070200B CN 113070200 B CN113070200 B CN 113070200B CN 202110376310 A CN202110376310 A CN 202110376310A CN 113070200 B CN113070200 B CN 113070200B
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roller
angle
screen
drum
blockage
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CN113070200A (en
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胡利群
陈敦军
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/18Drum screens
    • B07B1/22Revolving drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50Cleaning
    • B07B1/55Cleaning with fluid jets

Abstract

The invention discloses a blockage removing device for sieve pores of a drum sieve, wherein a stepping motor drives a sliding block to reciprocate on a sliding rail, and gas nozzles of a laser ranging system and a blockage removing system are fixed on two sides of the sliding block, are opposite to a curved surface of a drum of the drum sieve and move along with the sliding block; the laser ranging system measures the laser irradiation distance, the angle coding system determines the rotation angle of the roller around the rotating shaft relative to the 0 position, the control system judges whether the sieve pores are blocked, and the gas nozzle of the blockage clearing system is used for flushing the blocked sieve pores. And discloses a method for clearing and blocking the screen holes of the drum screen. The device and the drum screen system work synchronously, the drum is not required to rotate at a constant speed, each screen hole can be scanned, the state of the screen hole is automatically detected, and the blockage removing operation is automatically carried out; the positioning, the distance measurement, the identification and the blockage removal are carried out in a reciprocating manner, and the rotary screen device is ensured not to stop in the using process, so that the using efficiency of the device is improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

Description

Drum screen hole blockage cleaning device and drum screen hole blockage cleaning method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for clearing and plugging screen holes of a drum screen.
Background
The mixed garbage contains particles such as soil and the like, and can be separated for recycling. On the garbage classification production line, the mixed garbage passes through a large drum screen to screen out soil, and other materials (garbage) enter the next link. In the operation process of the drum screen, the phenomenon that the screen holes are blocked by materials can occur, and the working efficiency is influenced. In the past, the device can only be stopped after working for 2-4 hours, and the blocked sieve pores are dredged in a manual mode, so that time and labor are wasted, and the working efficiency of the production line is influenced. Some increase protuberances such as scrapers in the drum sieve, and during the rotation of the drum sieve, carry out random crushing operation on dry sand, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the occurrence of blocked sieve pores. But the projections such as the scraper and the like are fixed on the cylinder wall, which only can randomly destroy the materials such as soil blocks and the like in the conveying process, has low efficiency and has no effect on the materials such as moist soil and the like which are adhered on the sieve pores. Still need regularly artifical clear stifled in order to maintain the normal operating of equipment, obviously reduced the effective operating time of drum sieve.
Chinese patent document CN203853285U discloses an apparatus and an engineering machine for cleaning a vibrating screen, which utilize a screen monitoring device to monitor the plugging rate of one or more screens in a plurality of screens, and then control whether to perform air-jet cleaning on the screen at the position according to the plugging rate, wherein the plugging rate of the screen holes is obtained by image monitoring and gray scale recognition. However, this method is only suitable for monitoring a flat screen, and the trommel for screening the garbage is cylindrical, which is not suitable. In addition, the colors of the garbage are variable and uncertain, so that the screen holes on the drum screen cannot be effectively identified by adopting an image monitoring and gray level identification mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems in the prior art and provides a blockage removing device for screen holes of a drum screen.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
a drum screen mesh blockage cleaning device comprises a stepping system, a laser ranging system, an angle coding system, a blockage cleaning system and a control system;
the stepping system comprises a slide rail, a slide block, a stepping motor and a limit sensor, wherein the slide rail is parallel to a rotating shaft of the drum screen, the stepping motor drives the slide block to reciprocate on the slide rail, the limit sensor is arranged at both ends of the slide rail, and gas nozzles of the laser ranging system and the blockage removal system are fixed at both sides of the slide block, are opposite to a curved surface of a drum of the drum screen and move along with the slide block;
the laser ranging system comprises a laser transmitting and receiving probe, a data analysis unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the laser transmitting and receiving probe transmits and receives laser signals and records the time difference of the transmitted and received laser signals;
the angle coding system comprises an angle coding sensor, a 0-bit trigger and an angle data transmission unit, the angle coding system is arranged on one side of the roller, the roller rotates around a shaft, when the roller reaches a preset position, the 0-bit trigger is triggered, the angle of the marking roller is at 0, the angle coder gives the current angle of the roller rotating around the rotating shaft relative to the 0 bit, the angle range is 0-360 degrees, and the data transmission unit transmits the angle data of the roller to the control system;
the blockage removing system comprises an air pump, an air nozzle, an air pipeline and an electromagnetic valve switch, wherein the air pump is connected with the air nozzle through the air pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve switch is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air nozzle;
the control system comprises a CPU, a driving unit and a receiving unit, wherein the CPU controls a stepping motor to drag a sliding block to move on a sliding rail through the driving unit, receives distance data and roller angle data through the receiving unit, analyzes the blockage state of the current position, and controls the opening and closing of an electromagnetic valve through the driving unit.
Preferably, the angle coding system is connected to the rotation shaft of the drum by a shaft coupling.
Preferably, the angular coding system is connected to the rotating shaft of the drum by means of a gear system.
The invention also discloses a method for clearing and blocking the screen holes of the drum screen, which is completed based on the device for clearing and blocking the screen holes of the drum screen and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a sliding block dragged by a stepping motor drives a laser ranging system and a gas nozzle to move outside the roller along the direction parallel to the rotating shaft of the roller and move to a certain section position (m) of the roller screen to stop;
(2) after the sliding block stops, a laser ranging system connected with the sliding block measures the distance of the surface of the roller, an angle encoder reads the angle, and the position of a light spot projected by a laser transmitting and receiving probe on the wall of the roller screen is uniquely determined by position data (m) of the section where the sliding block is located and angle data (d) given by the angle encoder, so that the position coordinate of the surface of the roller is defined as (m, d);
(3) the position coordinate that every sieve mesh on the predetermined drum sieve corresponds, according to slider position and cylinder angle, judge position (m, d) under the current laser probe and be the sieve mesh, if the sieve mesh is according to laser detection's distance data again, judge whether the sieve mesh blocks up, the judgement standard is: if the distance data detected by the laser is less than or equal to the distance between the laser detection device and the surface of the roller and is + n centimeters, wherein n is any value from 0 to 5, the roller is judged to be blocked according to the setting of actual conditions, if the roller is blocked, after the roller rotates by an angle beta, the position (m, d) is just below the gas nozzle, a solenoid valve switch is started, high-pressure gas is switched on to blow the blocked screen holes (m, d) which rotate to the lower part of the nozzle at high pressure, and if the position (m, d) is the position of the roller wall or the screen holes at the position are not blocked, the nozzle does not work;
(4) and (4) moving the slide block controlled by the stepping motor to the next position, repeating the steps (2) to (3) until the slide block moves to the boundary of the slide rail, touching the limit sensor, commanding the stepping motor to control the slide block to turn back by the CPU, and repeating the steps (2) to (3) until the detection work of all the sieve pores is completed.
Preferably, at the section m, the drum screen is rotated for N circles while the sliding block is kept unmovable, the positioning, distance measurement, screen hole blockage judgment and blockage clearing operation are repeated, and then the sliding block moves to the next section.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize the accurate positioning of the roller curved surface, and the linear motion direction of the slide block is vertical to the rotation direction of the roller, so that the laser probe can scan any position of the roller curved surface. The position coordinates of light spots projected on the roller curved surface by the light beams emitted by the laser probe are uniquely determined by the position of the sliding block and the current roller rotating angle, and the position coordinates of each point on the roller curved surface are determined by the method. According to the data output by the sliding block position and angle encoder, the control system can accurately read the position information of the laser detection point in real time. Because the relative position of the high-pressure spray head and the laser probe is fixed (the included angle between the high-pressure spray head and the axis connecting line is not changed), the control system can also accurately obtain the position coordinate under the spray head, thereby ensuring the reliable blockage removal and positioning. The control system scans in advance to obtain and store the position information of each sieve pore, and during normal work, the section of thick bamboo wall is scanned in succession at each section in proper order, and in case when scanning the sieve pore position, through laser rangefinder, judge the sieve pore state, clear stifled system of linkage. By adopting the laser ranging method, the laser beam is concentrated, the pointing is accurate, the influence of environmental factors is small, the response speed of a laser receiving system is high, the detection precision is high, and the misjudgment rate is low. Accurate positioning and measurement, quick response and a blockage clearing linkage mechanism ensure no lag in operation and no misjudgment. The device and the drum screen system work synchronously, the drum is not required to rotate at a constant speed, each screen hole can be scanned, the state of the screen hole is automatically detected, and the blockage removing operation is automatically carried out; the positioning, the distance measurement, the identification and the blockage removal are carried out in a reciprocating manner, and the rotary screen device is ensured not to stop in the using process, so that the using efficiency of the device is improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drum.
In the figure, the device comprises a sliding block 1, a sliding rail 2, a sliding rail 3, a laser ranging system 4, a gas spray head 5, a rotary screen 6, a screen hole 7 of the rotary screen, a rotary shaft 8 of the rotary screen, a 0-bit virtual line 9, a virtual line 10 from the laser ranging system to the rotary shaft, a virtual line 11 from the spray head to the rotary shaft, a stepping motor 12, a limit sensor 13 and an angle coding system.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention will be more clearly and clearly defined.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the drum screen hole blockage removing device comprises a stepping system, a laser ranging system, an angle coding system, a blockage removing system and a control system;
the stepping system comprises a slide rail 2, a slide block 1, a stepping motor 11 and a limit sensor 12, the slide rail is parallel to a rotating shaft of the drum screen, the stepping motor drives the slide block to reciprocate on the slide rail, the limit sensors are arranged at two ends of the slide rail, and the laser ranging system 3 and a gas nozzle 4 of the blockage removal system are fixed at two sides of the slide block, are opposite to a curved surface of a drum of the drum screen 5 and move along with the slide block;
the laser ranging system comprises a laser transmitting and receiving probe, a data analysis unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the laser transmitting and receiving probe transmits and receives laser signals and records the time difference of the transmitted and received laser signals;
the angle coding system 13 comprises an angle coding sensor, a 0-bit trigger and an angle data transmission unit, the angle coding system is connected with a rotating shaft 7 of the roller through a shaft connector, the roller rotates around a shaft, when a preset position is reached, the 0-bit trigger is triggered, the angle of the roller is marked to be at 0 bit, the angle encoder gives the current angle of the roller rotating around the rotating shaft relative to the 0 bit, the angle range is 0-360 degrees, and the data transmission unit transmits the angle data of the roller to the control system;
the blockage removing system comprises an air pump, an air nozzle, an air pipeline and an electromagnetic valve switch, wherein the air pump is connected with the air nozzle through the air pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve switch is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air nozzle;
the control system comprises a CPU, a driving unit and a receiving unit, wherein the CPU controls a stepping motor to drag a sliding block to move on a sliding rail through the driving unit, receives distance data and roller angle data through the receiving unit, analyzes the blockage state of the current position, and controls the opening and closing of an electromagnetic valve through the driving unit.
The angle coding system 13 may also be connected to the rotation axis of the drum by means of a gear system.
Example 2
A method for clearing blockage of screen holes of a drum screen comprises the following steps:
(1) a sliding block dragged by a stepping motor drives a laser ranging system and a gas nozzle to move along the direction parallel to the rotating shaft of the roller outside the roller and stop moving to a certain section position (m) of the roller screen, and a light beam emitted by a laser probe connected with the sliding block irradiates the surface of the roller below the position, namely the surface of the roller below the position is measured; when the roller rotates for one circle, the laser sweeps the surface of the roller for one circle at the section position;
(2) after the sliding block stops, a laser ranging system connected with the sliding block measures the distance of the surface of the roller, an angle encoder reads the angle, and the position of a light spot projected by a laser transmitting and receiving probe on the wall of the roller screen is uniquely determined by position data (m) of the section where the sliding block is located and angle data (d) given by the angle encoder, so that the position coordinate of the light spot on the surface of the roller is defined as (m, d);
(3) because 6 position coordinates of each sieve pore on the drum sieve are predetermined, according to the slide block position and the roller angle, whether the position (m, d) below the current laser probe is the sieve pore is judged, if the sieve pore is judged, whether the sieve pore is blocked is judged according to the distance data detected by the laser, and the judgment standard is as follows: if the distance data detected by the laser is less than or equal to the distance from the laser detection device to the surface of the roller by + n centimeters, wherein n is any value of 0 to 5, and is determined to be blocked according to the actual situation of the site, if the sieve is blocked, after the roller rotates by the angle beta, the position (m, d) is just under the gas spray head, the electromagnetic valve switch is started, the high-pressure gas is switched on to blow the blocked sieve pores (m, d) which rotate to the lower part of the spray head at high pressure, if (m, d) is the position of the cylinder wall or the sieve holes at the position are not blocked, the spray head does not work, as shown in figure 2, in the figure, 8 represents a 0-bit virtual line, 9 represents a virtual line from a laser ranging system to a rotating shaft, 10 represents a virtual line from a spray head to the rotating shaft, an angle alpha between the 0-bit virtual line and the virtual line from the spray head to the rotating shaft changes along with the rotation of the roller, and data is obtained by an angle encoder; the angle beta between a virtual line from the laser ranging system to the rotating shaft and a virtual line from the spray head to the rotating shaft is fixed, and the rotary angle beta of the roller is the corresponding position under the original laser ranging system, namely the rotary angle beta is rotated to the lower part of the gas spray head;
(4) and (4) moving the slide block controlled by the stepping motor to the next position, repeating the steps (2) to (3) until the slide block moves to the boundary of the slide rail, touching the limit sensor, commanding the stepping motor to control the slide block to turn back by the CPU, and repeating the steps (2) to (3) until the detection work of all the sieve pores is completed.
In order to more thoroughly clear the blockage of the sieve pores, the rotary screen can be rotated for 3-8 circles at the section m while the sliding block is kept unmovable, the positioning, distance measurement, sieve pore blockage judgment and blockage clearing operation are repeatedly carried out, and then the sliding block moves to the next section.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims (5)

1. A drum screen mesh blockage cleaning device comprises a stepping system, a laser ranging system, an angle coding system, a blockage cleaning system and a control system;
the stepping system comprises a slide rail, a slide block, a stepping motor and a limit sensor, wherein the slide rail is parallel to a rotating shaft of the drum screen, the stepping motor drives the slide block to reciprocate on the slide rail, the limit sensor is arranged at both ends of the slide rail, and gas nozzles of the laser ranging system and the blockage removal system are fixed at both sides of the slide block, are opposite to a curved surface of a drum of the drum screen and move along with the slide block;
the laser ranging system comprises a laser transmitting and receiving probe, a data analysis unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the laser transmitting and receiving probe transmits and receives laser signals and records the time difference of the transmitted and received laser signals;
the angle coding system comprises an angle coding sensor, a 0-bit trigger and an angle data transmission unit, the angle coding system is arranged on one side of the roller, the roller rotates around a shaft, when the roller reaches a preset position, the 0-bit trigger is triggered, the angle of the marking roller is at 0, the angle coder gives the current angle of the roller rotating around the rotating shaft relative to the 0 bit, the angle range is 0-360 degrees, and the data transmission unit transmits the angle data of the roller to the control system;
the blockage removing system comprises an air pump, an air nozzle, an air pipeline and an electromagnetic valve switch, wherein the air pump is connected with the air nozzle through the air pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve switch is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air nozzle;
the control system comprises a CPU, a driving unit and a receiving unit, wherein the CPU controls a stepping motor to drag a sliding block to move on a sliding rail through the driving unit, receives distance data and roller angle data through the receiving unit, analyzes the blockage state of the current position, and controls the opening and closing of an electromagnetic valve through the driving unit.
2. The drum screen mesh blockage clearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle coding system is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotary screen through a shaft connector.
3. The drum screen mesh blockage clearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle coding system is connected with the rotary shaft of the rotary screen through a gear system.
4. A method for clearing and plugging screen holes of a drum screen is completed based on the device for clearing and plugging screen holes of the drum screen as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a sliding block dragged by the stepping motor drives the laser ranging system and the gas nozzle to move outside the roller along the direction parallel to the rotating shaft of the roller and move to a certain section m of the roller screen to stop;
(2) after the sliding block stops, a laser ranging system connected with the sliding block ranges the distance of the surface of the roller, and an angle encoder reads the angle of the roller, so that the position of a light spot projected by a laser transmitting and receiving probe on the wall of the roller screen is uniquely determined by the section m where the sliding block is located and angle data d given by the angle encoder, and the coordinate of the position of the light spot is defined as (m, d);
(3) the position coordinate that every sieve mesh on the predetermined drum sieve corresponds, according to slider position and cylinder angle, judge whether the position that coordinate (m, d) under the current laser probe corresponds is the sieve mesh, if the sieve mesh is according to laser detection's distance data again, judge whether the sieve mesh blocks up, the judgement standard is: if the distance data detected by the laser is less than or equal to the distance between the laser detection device and the surface of the roller and is + n centimeters, wherein n is any value of 0-5, the roller is judged to be blocked, if the roller is blocked, after the roller rotates by a beta angle, the position corresponding to the coordinate (m, d) is just below the gas nozzle, a solenoid valve switch is started, high-pressure gas is switched on to blow gas at high pressure to the sieve pore corresponding to the blocked coordinate (m, d) which rotates below the nozzle, and if the position corresponding to the coordinate (m, d) is the roller wall or the sieve pore at the position is not blocked, the nozzle does not work, wherein the beta angle is the angle between the virtual line from the laser ranging system to the rotating shaft of the roller and the virtual line from the gas nozzle to the rotating shaft;
(4) and (4) moving the slide block controlled by the stepping motor to the next position, repeating the steps (2) to (3) until the slide block moves to the boundary of the slide rail, touching the limit sensor, commanding the stepping motor to control the slide block to turn back by the CPU, and repeating the steps (2) to (3) until the detection work of all the sieve pores is completed.
5. The method for clearing blockage of the screen holes of the drum screen according to claim 4, characterized in that: and (3) at the section m, rotating the drum screen for 3-8 circles while keeping the sliding block unmovable, repeatedly performing positioning, distance measurement, screen hole blockage judgment and blockage clearing operation, and moving the sliding block to the next section.
CN202110376310.3A 2021-04-06 2021-04-06 Drum screen hole blockage cleaning device and drum screen hole blockage cleaning method Active CN113070200B (en)

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CN114377964A (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-22 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Membrane impurity separation winnowing machine sieve pore blockage removing device and method
CN115338117B (en) * 2022-08-29 2024-04-26 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Cylinder screening device with non-contact type blockage removing component
CN115318633A (en) * 2022-08-29 2022-11-11 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Nut grading method
CN116198054B (en) * 2023-05-05 2023-07-14 广州仕天材料科技有限公司 Quick screening plant of granule for plastics processing
CN117483220B (en) * 2023-12-29 2024-03-22 山东卓俊实业有限公司 Screening machine for producing mortar powder and method thereof

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