CN113062712B - Deep stratum CO sequestration2Biological anti-dissipation method - Google Patents
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 230000036983 biotransformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 43
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 40
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/70—Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells
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Abstract
Deep stratum CO sequestration2A biological anti-dissipation method belongs to the field of carbon dioxide emission reduction, can solve the problem that carbon dioxide is easy to leak and dissipate, and comprises the following steps: CO Collection2Sealing point geological data to clarify CO2A leak path; arranging an injection well and a production well in the formation above the sequestration site; detecting whether the total hydrogen source amount in the stratum meets CO2A biotransformation requirement; injecting the biological fluid and the hydrogen-rich organic matter into the selected formation through an injection well; real-time monitoring of methane and CO in selected formations2Content, regular detectionMicrobial community composition; assessment of sequestered CO2The degree of leakage and biotransformation, and the flora structure; extracting generated CH through production well4. The invention utilizes the microorganism to convert CO2Capability of CO to be leaked over a seal2Conversion to CH4Or organic matter, thereby preventing CO2Escape and at the same time can also release leaked CO2Resource utilization, environmental protection and energy significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide emission reduction, and particularly relates to deep stratum CO sequestration2A biological anti-dissipation method.
Background
The emission of greenhouse gases based on carbon dioxide has raised global warming concerns. Global warming has given rise to many impacts on the earth's ecosystem and the sustainable development of human society, such as ice cover melting, extreme weather and sea level rise, which can endanger human life and survival. Therefore, the research and development and popularization of the carbon dioxide emission reduction technology become one of the important works of all countries in the world.
At present, the main measures for reducing the emission of carbon dioxide are as follows: the energy utilization rate is improved; the ecological environment is protected, and the vegetation area is increased; the method has the advantages that various clean energy sources such as wind energy and the like are popularized vigorously; carbon dioxide Capture and Sequestration (CCS) was performed. The CCS can effectively capture and store carbon dioxide, is an effective way for realizing rapid emission reduction of carbon dioxide, and has huge future development space.
The difficulty of carbon dioxide sequestration is that carbon dioxide is small in molecule and is prone to leakage or escape. The main leakage modes include well leakage, CO2Leakage along fault/crack, CO2Leakage through the cap layer, etc. CO 22Leaks along the wellbore are typically caused by chemical or mechanical effects. CO 22Leakage along faults/fractures is primarily affected by factors such as permeability. There are three main types of cap layer leaks, respectively osmotic leaks, diffusion leaks and leaks along crevices. CO 22And returning to the atmosphere again after leakage, thus causing failure of sealing. All in oneSample is linear in structure due to small molecule, CO2Leakage is difficult to prevent completely. Thus, in CO2Plugging and trapping on the leakage path is an important complement of CCS.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that carbon dioxide is easy to leak and dissipate, the invention provides a method for sealing CO in deep stratum2A biological anti-dissipation method.
The invention first specifies CO2Possible leakage paths are selected, an appropriate stratum above the sealing point is selected, biological fluid and a hydrogen source are injected into the selected stratum, leaked carbon dioxide gas is captured and converted, and leakage prevention of CO is achieved2The sealing effect is ensured by the dissipation of (2). At the same time, the leaked CO can be removed2Conversion to methane or fixation to organic matter to achieve CO2And (5) resource utilization.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
deep stratum CO sequestration2The biological anti-dissipation method comprises the following steps:
first, CO is collected2Sealing geological data of reservoir and defining CO2Possible leakage pathway, CO2The effectiveness and sustainability of geological sequestration critically depends on the seal integrity of the overburden, and is related to the lithology (primarily the shale content), toughness, overburden thickness, continuity, and area of distribution of the overburden. The leakage patterns can be summarized as osmotic leakage, diffusion leakage, and leakage along fractures;
in the second step, in CO2An injection well and a production well are arranged in the stratum above the sealing layer;
thirdly, detecting the total hydrogen source amount in the stratum to determine whether the total hydrogen source amount meets CO2The biotransformation requirement provides a basis for determining the injection amount of the subsequent additional hydrogen source.
Fourthly, according to the detection result, injecting the biological fluid and the external hydrogen source into the selected stratum through an injection well;
the fifth step, real-time monitoring the methane and CO in the selected stratum2Content, periodically detecting microbial community composition;
sixth, evaluating the sequestered CO2The degree of leakage and biotransformation, and the flora structure;
seventh, extracting the generated CH through a production well4。
In the second step the formation is contacted with CO2The distance between the sealing layers is more than 200m, and the sealing layers are rich in organic matters and suitable for the survival of microorganisms, such as thin coal layers, aquifers, shales and the like.
In the second step, the injection wells are arranged in a vertical and horizontal well mode, the diameter of a well head is 0.3m, and the injection wells and the production wells are positioned in CO2The distance between the injection well and the production well on both sides of the leakage path is 300-500m, so that the injected biological fluid can flow through and cover CO2A leakage path.
If the selected stratum has low permeability, the biological fluid and the external hydrogen source can be used as fracturing fluid to fracture in the stratum.
In the fourth step, the biological fluid comprising the microbial fluid and the nutrient fluid can also be injected into the stratum through static pressure. Because bacteria can be propagated, 10L of biological bacteria liquid is generally injected first, and then 1000L of nutrient solution is continuously injected. And (6) sealing the well. Periodically detecting the microbial community composition, and timely supplementing nutrient solution. And the biological community proves that the nutrient solution needs to be supplemented when various colonies do not reproduce any more, 200L of nutrient solution is supplemented every time, and the nutrient solution is continuously supplemented if the quantity of the biological community cannot meet the project requirements.
Further, the microbial broth comprises reduced CO2The hydrogen nutrition methanogen, alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria and hydrogen-producing acetogen which degrade organic matters for hydrogen supply.
In the fourth step, the external hydrogen source comprises hydrogen-rich organic liquid for promoting CO2The biotransformation of (1) such as straw liquefied liquid, kitchen waste liquefied liquid, etc. can be injected into 200L of straw liquefied liquid.
Further, samples are collected from injection and production wells every half year, the microbial composition is detected using a high throughput sequencing method, and the composition is adjusted to CO by reinjecting the microbes2And (5) biotransformation requirements.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the carbon dioxide leaked above the sealing point can be captured and converted into methane or fixed into organic matters, so that the effect of preventing dissipation is realized.
2. The leaked carbon dioxide can be converted into the biological methane, so that the resource utilization of the carbon dioxide is realized while the dissipation is prevented.
3. The leaked carbon dioxide can be fixed as an organic matter, so that the carbon form is changed, and carbon emission reduction is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the biological anti-dissipation method of the present invention;
wherein: 1-an injection well; 2-a production well; 3-anti-dissipation layer; 4-a carbon dioxide seal-up layer; 5-leakage of carbon dioxide; 6-methane.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1: the thin coal seam above the sequestration point is the target stratum
Carbon dioxide is sequestered in a 1000m underground coal seam. The detection of CO through ground monitoring2Leak, escape to the surface. The leakage path is determined to be mainly micro-crack by using an ABAQUS software expansion finite element method, and the leakage and dissipation range is determined by combining ground monitoring.
And selecting a thin coal layer with the buried depth of 500m above the sequestration point as a target stratum, and selecting the straw biological liquefied liquid as an external hydrogen source. An injection well and a production well are arranged in the coal seam, the distance between the injection well and the production well is 350m, and the injection well and the production well are positioned in CO2On both sides of the leak path.
The biological bacteria liquid is a mixed bacteria enriched in water produced from coal bed gas, and comprises hydrogenotrophic methanogen, alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, hydrogenogen acetogen and the like. The straw liquefied liquid is a liquid product obtained by treating the straw liquefied liquid for 4d by using biological bacterial liquid.
And because the coal seam permeability is low, the biological bacteria liquid is used as fracturing liquid to fracture the coal seam. The fracturing pressure was 50 MPa. 10L of biological bacterial liquid was added to the flask. Then 100L of straw liquefied liquid and 900L of nutrient solution are continuously injected at the speed of 6L/h, and the well is sealed after the injection is finished.
Each half of the capsuleCollecting samples from an injection well and a production well in the year, analyzing the composition of microbial communities in the coal bed by utilizing 16s rDNA, 18s rDNA, ITS genes and the like through high-throughput sequencing, and filling biological fluid and straw liquefied fluid at proper time. Production well gas is collected monthly to monitor methane production. After 3 years, the produced CH was extracted by the production well4。
Claims (7)
1. Deep stratum CO sequestration2The biological anti-dissipation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
first, CO is collected2Sealing geological data of reservoir and defining CO2A leak path;
in the second step, in CO2An injection well and a production well are arranged in the stratum above the sealing layer;
thirdly, detecting the total hydrogen source amount in the stratum;
fourthly, according to the detection result, injecting the biological fluid and the external hydrogen source into the selected stratum through an injection well;
the fifth step, real-time monitoring the methane and CO in the selected stratum2Content, periodically detecting microbial community composition;
sixth, evaluating the sequestered CO2The degree of leakage and biotransformation, and the flora structure;
seventh, extracting the generated CH through a production well4。
2. The deep formation sequestration of CO of claim 12The biological anti-dissipation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the second step the formation is contacted with CO2The distance of the sealing layer is more than 200m, and the sealing layer is rich in organic matters and suitable for the survival of microorganisms.
3. The deep formation sequestration of CO of claim 12The biological anti-dissipation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the second step, the injection wells are arranged in a vertical and horizontal well mode, the diameter of a well head is 0.3m, and the injection wells and the production wells are positioned in CO2On both sides of the leak path, the distance between the injection well and the production well was 300- & 500 m.
4. The deep formation sequestration of CO of claim 12The biological anti-dissipation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fourth step, the biological fluid comprises microbial fluid and nutrient fluid.
5. The deep formation sequestration of CO of claim 42The biological anti-dissipation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the microbial liquid comprises reduced CO2The hydrogen nutrition methanogen, alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria and hydrogen-producing acetogen which degrade organic matters for hydrogen supply.
6. The deep formation sequestration of CO of claim 12The biological anti-dissipation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fourth step, the external hydrogen source comprises hydrogen-rich organic liquid.
7. The deep formation sequestration of CO of claim 12The biological anti-dissipation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: collecting samples from injection and production wells every half year, detecting microbial composition by high throughput sequencing method, and adjusting composition to CO by re-injecting microbes2And (5) biotransformation requirements.
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