CN113061942B - 基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及超疏水领域，尤其是基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法。该方法的步骤包括：（a）利用化学气相沉积法制备多壁碳纳米管粉体；（b）然后将多壁碳纳米管粉体在溶液中超声净化；（c）再将多壁碳纳米管粉体超声分散在异丙醇液中，形成稳定的悬浮液；（d）向悬浮液中加入硝酸镁电解质盐并离心。本发明可实现大面积超疏水表面的制备；碳纳米管薄膜表面的钛层不仅超疏水性能稳定，不易受外力破坏，且电泳沉积后直接通过煅烧将表面的高表面能Ti变成低表面能的TiO2，不再需要含氟的化学物质修饰表面；制备工艺简单，成本低，可实现大面积连续制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及超疏水领域，尤其是基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法。
背景技术
水性膜和涂层， 并且更具体地讲， 超疏水性膜和涂层在最近几年中由于多个吸引人的品质而获得了相当多的关注。 高度疏水性表面已经在自然界中被认识， 可能最普遍地是在荷叶以及蝉翼上。 由于具有疏水性质， 荷叶能够通过在小水滴滚落其表面时洗掉粉尘粒子和碎屑而进行自清洁。 这种自动清洁的能力是多个现代应用中所希望的。 但是现有的超疏水膜的制备方式成本较高。
发明内容
为了克服现有的制备方式成本高的不足，本发明提供了基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，该方法的步骤为：
（a）利用化学气相沉积法制备多壁碳纳米管粉体；
（b）然后将多壁碳纳米管粉体在溶液中超声净化；
（c）再将多壁碳纳米管粉体超声分散在异丙醇液中，形成稳定的悬浮液；
（d）向悬浮液中加入硝酸镁电解质盐并离心；
（e）离心后的悬浮混合物被转移到电泳槽中，电泳槽配有阳极、阴极和超声波混合器。以不锈钢板为阳极，射频磁控溅射有一层50 ~ 150nm厚的钛膜的硅晶片为阴极，两电极之间施加恒电压，进行电泳沉积；
（f）然后将沉积有一层碳纳米管薄膜的阴极组件在空气中干燥后，直接剥离得到一层碳纳米管薄膜；
（g）将碳纳米管薄膜进行煅烧，得到一层超疏水碳纳米管薄膜。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括多壁碳纳米管粉体的直径为10-30nm。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括步骤（b）中，所述溶液由浓硝酸和浓硫酸体组成，浓硝酸和浓硫酸体积比为1:1。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括步骤（c）中，所述多壁碳纳米管粉体在异丙醇液中超声分散2小时。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括所述悬浮液和硝酸镁电解质盐的质量比为30:1。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括步骤（e）中，所述恒电压为80V ，电泳沉积的时间为2分钟。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括步骤（g）中，所述煅烧温度为900℃，煅烧时间为2小时。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括步骤（d）中，所述离心时间为1小时。
本发明的有益效果是，本发明可实现大面积超疏水表面的制备；碳纳米管薄膜表面的钛层不仅超疏水性能稳定，不易受外力破坏，且电泳沉积后直接通过煅烧将表面的高表面能Ti变成低表面能的TiO2，不再需要含氟的化学物质修饰表面；制备工艺简单，成本低，可实现大面积连续制备。
具体实施方式
一种基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，该方法的步骤为：
（a）利用化学气相沉积法制备出直径为10-30nm的多壁碳纳米管粉体；
（b）然后将多壁碳纳米管粉体在溶液中超声净化，溶液由浓硝酸和浓硫酸体组成，浓硝酸和浓硫酸体积比为1:1；
（c）再将多壁碳纳米管粉体在异丙醇液中超声分散2小时，形成稳定的悬浮液；
（d）向悬浮液中加入硝酸镁电解质盐并进行1小时的离心，悬浮液和硝酸镁电解质盐的质量比为30:1；
（e）离心后的悬浮混合物被转移到电泳槽中，电泳槽配有阳极、阴极和超声波混合器。以不锈钢板为阳极，射频磁控溅射有一层50 ~ 150nm厚的钛膜的硅晶片为阴极，两电极之间施加80V恒电压，进行2分钟的电泳沉积；
（f）然后将沉积有一层碳纳米管薄膜的阴极组件在空气中干燥后，直接剥离得到一层碳纳米管薄膜；
（g）将碳纳米管薄膜在900℃的温度下进行2小时的煅烧，得到一层超疏水碳纳米管薄膜。
本发明可实现大面积超疏水表面的制备；碳纳米管薄膜表面的钛层不仅超疏水性能稳定，不易受外力破坏，且电泳沉积后直接通过煅烧将表面的高表面能Ti变成低表面能的TiO2，不再需要含氟的化学物质修饰表面；制备工艺简单，成本低，可实现大面积连续制备。
Claims (7)
1.一种基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，其特征是，该方法的步骤为：
（a）利用化学气相沉积法制备多壁碳纳米管粉体；
（b）然后将多壁碳纳米管粉体在溶液中超声净化；
（c）再将多壁碳纳米管粉体超声分散在异丙醇液中，形成稳定的悬浮液；
（d）向悬浮液中加入硝酸镁电解质盐并离心；
（e）离心后的悬浮混合物被转移到电泳槽中，电泳槽配有阳极、阴极和超声波混合器，以不锈钢板为阳极，射频磁控溅射有一层50 ~ 150nm厚的钛膜的硅晶片为阴极，两电极之间施加恒电压，进行电泳沉积；
（f）然后将沉积有一层碳纳米管薄膜的阴极组件在空气中干燥后，直接剥离得到一层碳纳米管薄膜；
（g）将碳纳米管薄膜进行煅烧，得到一层超疏水碳纳米管薄膜，所述煅烧温度为900℃，煅烧时间为2小时，通过煅烧将表面的高表面能Ti变成低表面能的TiO2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，其特征是，多壁碳纳米管粉体的直径为10-30nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，其特征是，步骤（b）中，所述溶液由浓硝酸和浓硫酸体组成，浓硝酸和浓硫酸体积比为1:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，其特征是，步骤（c）中，所述多壁碳纳米管粉体在异丙醇液中超声分散2小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，其特征是，所述悬浮液和硝酸镁电解质盐的质量比为30:1。
6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，其特征是，步骤（e）中，所述恒电压为80V ，电泳沉积的时间为2分钟。
7.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管的柔性超疏水表面制备方法，其特征是，步骤（d）中，所述离心时间为1小时。
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| JPH0762366A (ja) * | 1993-08-26 | 1995-03-07 | Jgc Corp | 炭素質材料−水スラリーの電気的沈積防止用電極装置 |
| CN1962960A (zh) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-05-16 | 清华大学 | 碳纳米管场致发射薄膜的电泳阳极沉积制备方法 |
| CN103469284A (zh) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | 一种碳纳米管/二氧化钛纳米管生物复合涂层材料的制备方法 |
| CN105336927A (zh) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-02-17 | 深圳市贝特瑞新能源材料股份有限公司 | 一种改性超疏水材料包覆的锂离子电池高镍正极材料及其制备方法 |
| KR20170109103A (ko) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-28 | 중앙대학교 산학협력단 | 탄소나노튜브 기반 하이브리드 복합체, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 전극 |
| GB201615585D0 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2016-10-26 | Dst Innovations Ltd | Flexible battery |
| CN109852972A (zh) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-07 | 河北工业大学 | 一种防腐碳纳米管/硅烷复合超疏水涂层及制备方法 |
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