CN113057260A - Feed additive for enhancing anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in egg producing period and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive for enhancing anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in egg producing period and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113057260A CN113057260A CN202110302285.4A CN202110302285A CN113057260A CN 113057260 A CN113057260 A CN 113057260A CN 202110302285 A CN202110302285 A CN 202110302285A CN 113057260 A CN113057260 A CN 113057260A
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- parts
- feed additive
- powder
- breeding
- hypericum perforatum
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- UYXTWWCETRIEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyrin Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCC)COC(=O)CCC UYXTWWCETRIEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
Abstract
A feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the feed additive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3-5 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1-3 parts of tributyrin, 2-4 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate and 6-9 parts of puffed chickpea powder; the additive also comprises 1-3 parts of hypericum perforatum and 1-3 parts of bile acid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting with water twice, mixing the two extractive solutions, concentrating to obtain paste, and drying to obtain herba Hyperici perforati extract; uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain a granular product: the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity is less than or equal to 4 percent; spraying a tributyrin solution and an acetyl glucosamine benzoate solution on the granular product in sequence; and (5) drying. The additive is added into feed for breeding ducks, so that the body constitution, the resistance, the adaptability to external factor changes such as material change, illumination increase and the like of the breeding ducks and the anti-stress capability after egg laying can be effectively enhanced, and the overall duck breeding economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in an egg producing period and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing demand of people on duck products such as duck eggs and pressed ducks, the breeding quantity of ducks is rapidly developed, and further the demand on duck seedlings is increased, so that higher requirements on the production capacity of the breeding ducks are provided.
The estimated laying period of the meat breeding ducks is generally 17-25 weeks old, which is an important period for the transition of the breeding ducks from a growing period to an egg laying period, and if the feed or management is improper, the egg laying peak period is delayed or even does not appear, so that the production performance of the breeding ducks is seriously influenced.
Animals live in an environment that is replete with stressors, and any change in the environment can stress the body. For example: the duck breeding environment has over-high or over-low temperature and poor ventilation, which causes excessive ammonia taste, lack of nutrition in breeding, improper management and other environmental factors, so that stress reaction (phenomena of screaming, fleeing, flying, fighting and the like) occurs to duck groups. Research shows that even if the stress intensity is not high and slight reaction is caused continuously or discontinuously and repeatedly in the egg laying period of the ducks, the body continuously makes adaptation efforts to form adverse accumulation effect and destroy the physiological function steady state, so that the immunity of the ducks is reduced, secondary infection is easy to occur, and then symptoms such as diarrhea, production performance reduction, death and the like occur, so that the duck breeding value and the enterprise economic benefit are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg laying period and a preparation method thereof, and the feed additive is added into the feed for the breeding ducks, so that the body constitution, the resistance, the adaptability to external factor changes such as material change, illumination increase and the like and the anti-stress capability after egg laying of the breeding ducks can be effectively enhanced, and the overall economic benefit of duck breeding is improved; the method is simple and cost-saving.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3-5 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1-3 parts of tributyrin, 2-4 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate and 6-9 parts of puffed chickpea powder.
Furthermore, the additive also comprises 1-3 parts of hypericum perforatum and 1-3 parts of bile acid.
Preferably, the additive comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 4 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1 part of tributyrin, 4 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate, 7 parts of puffed chickpea powder, 1 part of hypericum perforatum and 3 parts of bile acid.
Preferably, the isochlorogenic acid is total isochlorogenic acid extracted from stevia rebaudiana.
A preparation method of a feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hypericum perforatum extract: selecting high-quality hypericum perforatum, cleaning, removing impurities, drying at 75-80 ℃ for 60-90min, then placing the dried hypericum perforatum in a crusher for crushing, and then sterilizing to obtain 300-mesh hypericum perforatum powder; extracting herba Hyperici perforati powder for 2 times, adding water 8-10 times of the herba Hyperici perforati powder for the first time, heating to boil, maintaining for 30-45min, and collecting the first extractive solution; adding water into herba Hyperici perforati powder for the second time, the weight of the water added for the second time is 5-6 times of the weight of herba Hyperici perforati powder, heating to boil, maintaining for 30-45min, collecting the second extractive solution, mixing the two extractive solutions, concentrating at 75-80 deg.C to obtain 1.00-1.10g/ml ointment, and drying at 60-70 deg.C to obtain herba Hyperici perforati extract;
(2) mixing and granulating: uniformly mixing isochlorogenic acid, hypericum perforatum extract, bile acid and puffed chickpea powder in a machine according to the weight ratio for 120-150 seconds, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity is less than or equal to 4 percent, and granulating in a granulator after mixing to obtain a granular product;
(3) spraying: respectively dissolving tributyrin and acetyl glucosamine benzoate in ethyl acetate, and spraying a tributyrin solution and an acetyl glucosamine benzoate solution on the particle product obtained in the step (2) in sequence; and finally drying to obtain the feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of the breeding ducks in the egg producing period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the isochlorogenic acid added in the invention has stronger in-vitro antioxidant, bacteriostatic activity and mildew-proof effect; the antioxidant activity of the isochlorogenic acid compounds is 2 times of that of chlorogenic acid, and the oxidative damage of free radicals to organism tissues can be reduced; the antibacterial agent has good antibacterial activity on staphylococcus aureus, salmonella and escherichia coli, and can well adjust intestinal flora and promote digestion and absorption, so that the immunity and the anti-stress capability are enhanced. In addition, the isochlorogenic acid can also reduce the total number of moulds in the feed, and effectively prevent the duck mould chronic poisoning;
(2) the poultry react in response to stress to cause the pH value in the stomach and intestine to rise, so that the decomposition and absorption capacity of the stomach and intestine to nutrient substances is weakened, and the added benzoic acid acetylglucosamine ester can better inhibit staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli at the pH value of 3.5-7.5, so that the poultry has a wider pH application range; therefore, the acetyl glucosamine benzoate can better act when the poultry is stressed, provides space for the growth of beneficial bacteria and further provides a good basis for the action of other substances;
(3) the tributyrin added in the invention is decomposed into butyric acid and glycerol under the action of pancreatic lipase in the intestinal tracts of the poultry, so that the tributyrin is transported to various tissues and organs to play corresponding physiological roles of maintaining the integrity of the intestinal tracts, adjusting intestinal flora, participating in immune regulation of organisms and the like;
(4) the content of protein in the added puffed chickpea powder is rich, most of the protein is high-quality protein, and the puffed chickpea powder has activities of oxidation resistance, aging resistance and the like, in addition, the amino acid variety is more, and the puffed chickpea powder contains more than 20 active ingredients such as flavone, anthocyanin, polyphenol substances, organic acid and the like, so that the diversity and the richness of intestinal flora are effectively improved, and the proportion of beneficial flora is increased; the anti-nutritional factors in the chickpeas are effectively removed after being puffed, so that the blocking effect of the anti-nutritional factors is reduced, the absorption of nutrient substances by intestinal tracts is promoted, and the intestinal tract function is enhanced in many aspects;
(3) the added bile acid can promote the absorption of lipid and improve the utilization rate of material energy; herba Hyperici perforati has antiviral effect;
(4) compared with grinding technology, the superfine grinding technology adopted by the hypericum perforatum in the preparation method greatly improves the utilization rate of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine, and is combined with the traditional water extraction method, so that the dissolution of the effective components is better improved, and the utilization rate of the hypericum perforatum is improved; in addition, the spraying mode is adopted in the invention, the problems of reaction of additive components and feed components, excessive loss of stomach components and the like caused by the traditional mixing mode are effectively relieved, the components are slowly released and act in sequence, and the synergistic bacteriostasis can be realized, so that the stress resistance of the breeding ducks can be enhanced, the nutrient utilization rate can be improved, the breeding cost can be reduced, and the economic benefit of farmers can be enhanced.
After the additive prepared by the invention enters an animal body, the benzoic acid acetyl glucosamine ester is released firstly to inhibit staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli; after entering the intestinal tract, the tributyrin is decomposed again, the pH can be reduced, the proliferation and the maturity of epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract are promoted, the morphological structure of the intestinal tract is improved, the contact area of food and the intestinal tract is increased, and the total isochlorogenic acid of stevia rebaudiana, the hypericum perforatum extract, the bile acid and the puffed chickpea powder are released again, so that the effects of multiple inhibition of pathogenic bacteria and intestinal tract repair are achieved from multiple aspects of bacteriostasis, antioxidation and the like, and the absorption capacity of nutrient substances is enhanced. The additive can play a good slow-release role, improves the utilization rate of each component of the additive, strengthens the regulating capacity of intestinal flora, improves the material utilization rate and reduces the breeding cost. The feed additive is added into feed for breeding ducks, so that the body constitution, the resistance, the adaptability to external factor changes such as material change, illumination increase and the like of the breeding ducks and the anti-stress capability after egg laying can be effectively enhanced, and the overall duck breeding economic benefit is improved; the preparation method is simple and saves cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example one
A feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 3 parts of tributyrin, 2 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate, 8 parts of puffed chickpea powder, 2 parts of hypericum perforatum and 2 parts of bile acid.
The preparation method of the feed additive comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hypericum perforatum extract: selecting high-quality hypericum perforatum, cleaning, removing impurities, drying at 75-80 ℃ for 60-90min, then placing the dried hypericum perforatum in a crusher for crushing, and then sterilizing to obtain 300-mesh hypericum perforatum powder; extracting herba Hyperici perforati powder for 2 times, adding water 8-10 times of the herba Hyperici perforati powder for the first time, heating to boil, maintaining for 30-45min, and collecting the first extractive solution; adding water into herba Hyperici perforati powder for the second time, the weight of the water added for the second time is 5-6 times of the weight of herba Hyperici perforati powder, heating to boil, maintaining for 30-45min, collecting the second extractive solution, mixing the two extractive solutions, concentrating at 75-80 deg.C to obtain 1.00-1.10g/ml ointment, and drying at 60-70 deg.C to obtain herba Hyperici perforati extract;
(2) mixing and granulating: uniformly mixing isochlorogenic acid, hypericum perforatum extract, bile acid and puffed chickpea powder in a machine according to the weight ratio for 120-150 seconds, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity is less than or equal to 4 percent, and granulating in a granulator after mixing to obtain a granular product;
(3) spraying: and (3) respectively dissolving tributyrin and acetyl glucosamine benzoate in ethyl acetate, spraying a tributyrin solution and an acetyl glucosamine benzoate solution on the granular product obtained in the step (2) in sequence, and finally drying to obtain the feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of the breeding ducks in the egg producing period.
Example two
A feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 4 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1 part of tributyrin, 4 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate, 7 parts of puffed chickpea powder, 1 part of hypericum perforatum and 3 parts of bile acid; the isochlorogenic acid is total isochlorogenic acid extracted from sweet stevia.
The preparation method of the additive of this example is the same as that of the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
A feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 4 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1 part of tributyrin, 3 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate and 9 parts of puffed chickpea powder; the isochlorogenic acid is total isochlorogenic acid extracted from sweet stevia.
The preparation method of the feed additive comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and granulating: uniformly mixing isochlorogenic acid and the puffed chickpea powder in a machine according to the weight ratio, wherein the mixing time is 120-150s, the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity is less than or equal to 4 percent, and after mixing, the mixture enters a granulator to be granulated to obtain a granular product;
(2) spraying: respectively dissolving tributyrin and acetyl glucosamine benzoate in ethyl acetate, spraying the tributyrin solution and the acetyl glucosamine benzoate solution on the granular product obtained in the step (1) in sequence, and finally drying to obtain the feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of the breeding ducks in the egg producing period.
Example four
A feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 2 parts of tributyrin, 2 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate, 6 parts of puffed chickpea powder, 3 parts of hypericum perforatum and 1 part of bile acid.
The preparation method of the additive of this example is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Control group
A feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 4 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1 part of tributyrin, 4 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate, 7 parts of puffed chickpea powder, 1 part of hypericum perforatum and 3 parts of bile acid; the isochlorogenic acid is total isochlorogenic acid extracted from sweet stevia.
The preparation method of the feed additive comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting hypericum perforatum: cleaning herba Hyperici perforati, drying, and grinding into powder with particle size of 100 meshes; adding deionized water into the powder, performing ultrasonic water bath at 50-60 ℃ for 60-75 min, filtering, taking the filtrate, and performing rotary evaporation to dry the filtrate to obtain a hypericum perforatum extract; (2) mixing herba Hyperici perforati extract, isochlorogenic acid, tributyrin, acetylglucosamine benzoate, puffed semen Ciceris Arietini powder, and bile acid in weight parts, and granulating.
In order to further verify the using effect of the invention, 240 breeding ducks of 17 weeks old are randomly selected and divided into 6 groups, 40 breeding ducks in each group are fed for 8 weeks, and the feeding process is carried out according to the breeding operation rules of a breeding duck factory. The compound feed for the current breeding ducks in the feeding farm in the expected delivery period is prepared by adding 5kg of the additives in the control group into each ton of the feed, adding 5kg of the additives in the first embodiment to the fourth embodiment into each ton of the feed in the 1-4 groups, and not adding the additives in the blank group. After the experiment is finished, the serum of the breeding ducks is randomly collected, the IgG and IgA levels are measured by an ELISA method, and the stress intensity of the breeding ducks is evaluated by detecting the concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by using the kit, and the results are shown in the following table 1.
The compound feed for the current breeding ducks in the farm in the pre-delivery period comprises the following components: 2.5 parts of soybean oil, 6 parts of corn germ meal, 53 parts of wheat, 8 parts of bran, 10 parts of rice bran, 5 parts of rice bran meal, 0.5 part of soybean lecithin powder, 2 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 5.5 parts of soybean meal, 4.5 parts of stone powder, 1 part of compound vitamin, 1.5 parts of mineral substance, 0.05 part of antioxidant, 0.05 part of mildew preventive, 0.2 part of compound enzyme and 0.2 part of probiotics.
TABLE 1 Effect of different feeds on the Performance of breeder ducks
As can be seen from table 1, the immunoglobulin IgG and IgA values of the breeding ducks in the first to fourth examples and the control group are higher than those of the blank group, which indicates that the breeding ducks using the additive have stronger body immunity and stronger disease resistance than the unused breeding ducks; in addition, when the animal body is stressed, the stress signal stimulates the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus to secrete ACTH release hormone to increase, so that the concentration of ACTH secreted by the anterior pituitary is increased; the lowest ACTH concentration in the second example shows that the duck fed with the additive of the second example has lower stress degree and stronger stress capability under the same conditions.
It can also be seen from table 1 that the experimental effects of examples one to four are superior to the control group, indicating that the preparation process of the additive affects the effect of the additive, which is related to the extraction method and spray coating of hypericum perforatum. Compared with grinding technology, the superfine grinding technology adopted by the hypericum perforatum in the embodiment can greatly improve the utilization rate of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine, and can better improve the dissolution of the effective components and improve the utilization rate of the hypericum perforatum by combining with the traditional water extraction method. The common additive mixing method is to mix the raw materials according to the weight parts, wherein certain acid contained in the raw materials is easy to react with certain alkaline substances, or certain components are released in the stomach of an animal and cannot effectively act in the intestinal tract, so that the expected absorption and utilization effects of the nutrient components cannot be achieved. In the embodiment, the additive adopts a spraying mode, so that the problems of reaction of additive components and feed components, excessive loss of stomach components and the like caused by a traditional mixing mode are effectively solved, the components are slowly released and play a role in sequence, and the additive not only can synergistically inhibit bacteria, but also can enhance the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks, improve the nutrient utilization rate, reduce the breeding cost and enhance the economic benefit of farmers.
Claims (5)
1. The feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg producing period is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3-5 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1-3 parts of tributyrin, 2-4 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate and 6-9 parts of puffed chickpea powder.
2. The feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg laying period as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed additive further comprises 1-3 parts of hypericum perforatum and 1-3 parts of bile acid.
3. The feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of breeding ducks in the egg laying period according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 4 parts of isochlorogenic acid, 1 part of tributyrin, 4 parts of acetyl glucosamine benzoate, 7 parts of puffed chickpea powder, 1 part of hypericum perforatum and 3 parts of bile acid.
4. The feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of the breeding ducks in the egg laying period as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the isochlorogenic acid is total isochlorogenic acid extracted from stevia rebaudiana.
5. The preparation method of the feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of the breeding ducks in the egg laying period according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a hypericum perforatum extract: selecting high-quality hypericum perforatum, cleaning, removing impurities, drying at 75-80 ℃ for 60-90min, then placing the dried hypericum perforatum in a crusher for crushing, and then sterilizing to obtain 300-mesh hypericum perforatum powder; extracting herba Hyperici perforati powder for 2 times, adding water 8-10 times of the herba Hyperici perforati powder for the first time, heating to boil, maintaining for 30-45min, and collecting the first extractive solution; adding water into herba Hyperici perforati powder for the second time, the weight of the water added for the second time is 5-6 times of the weight of herba Hyperici perforati powder, heating to boil, maintaining for 30-45min, collecting the second extractive solution, mixing the two extractive solutions, concentrating at 75-80 deg.C to obtain 1.00-1.10g/ml ointment, and drying at 60-70 deg.C to obtain herba Hyperici perforati extract;
(2) mixing and granulating: uniformly mixing isochlorogenic acid, hypericum perforatum extract, bile acid and puffed chickpea powder in a machine according to the weight ratio for 120-150 seconds, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity is less than or equal to 4 percent, and granulating in a granulator after mixing to obtain a granular product;
(3) spraying: and (3) respectively dissolving tributyrin and acetyl glucosamine benzoate in ethyl acetate, spraying a tributyrin solution and an acetyl glucosamine benzoate solution on the granular product obtained in the step (2) in sequence, and finally drying to obtain the feed additive for enhancing the anti-stress capability of the breeding ducks in the egg producing period.
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| CN113854433A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 晨光生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Application of isochlorogenic acid in relieving laying stress of laying fowl |
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