CN113057076A - Method for improving carbon reserve of moso bamboo forest - Google Patents
Method for improving carbon reserve of moso bamboo forest Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving carbon reserve of a moso bamboo forest, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adjusting the density of the bamboo to be 2666 strains/hm or more2(ii) a Then adjusting the diameter at breast height of the moso bamboos in the moso bamboo forest to be more than or equal to 10.79 cm; then controlling the proportion of 1-year-old moso bamboo, 2-3-year-old moso bamboo, 4-5-year-old moso bamboo and 6-7-year-old moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest to be 1:2:2 (0-1); and performing management treatment on the phyllostachys pubescens forest in the growth process of the phyllostachys pubescens forest, wherein the management treatment comprises reclamation treatment, and the reclamation treatment is that bamboo shoots are dug in combination to be reclaimed every 3-5 years. The method for improving the carbon reserve of the moso bamboo forest manages the moso bamboo forest from a plurality of angles of the diameter at breast height, the density of the standing bamboos, the age structure and the management and treatment of the moso bamboo, reasonably improves the biomass of the moso bamboo, controls the carbon content of the soil of the forest land, and achieves the purpose of improving the carbon sink increase of the forest.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bamboo forest management, in particular to a method for improving carbon storage of a bamboo forest.
Background
Global climate change is an important environmental problem faced by human beings, and forests, as the main body of a land ecosystem, not only maintain the regional ecological environment, but also have irreplaceable effects in the aspects of adjusting global carbon balance, slowing down the rise of greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere, maintaining the global climate system and the like. Forest (forest)The resource provides 3 carbon reduction strategies: carbon conservation, namely, the carbon reduction is achieved by saving forest resources, reducing forest land damage, improving forest management and soil conservation; carbon fixation, namely increasing the carbon absorption of forest resources by strengthening afforestation, promoting the operation management strategies such as natural forest updating and the like; carbon replacement by using wood energy and forest products to replace other high energy consuming, high CO2The discharged product. Therefore, the improvement of forest management is an indispensable means for increasing forest carbon sink.
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is an important forest type in the south of China, and accounts for about 70% of the area of bamboo forests in China. The carbon fixing capacity of the bamboo forest is huge, and the annual carbon fixing amount of the moso bamboo is 5.09 tons/hectare, which is 1.46 times of that of the fir and 1.33 times of that of the tropical rain forest. And the bamboo forest grows rapidly, and can grow into bamboo in 3 to 5 years, which makes the bamboo forest one of the forest types with the best carbon fixing capability. The bamboo forest can hold a large amount of carbon dioxide and generate certain economic, ecological and social benefits, and the development of the bamboo forest carbon sink increasing technical research can increase the carbon sink of the bamboo forest, increase the income of farmers and improve the livelihood. However, the current researches on the moso bamboo forest mainly focus on improving the forest stand productivity and the forest stand economic benefits, and the researches on the climate adaptability management technology are less concerned, and particularly, the bamboo forest management technology based on the moso bamboo carbon reduction is lacked.
Therefore, how to provide a method capable of effectively improving the carbon storage capacity of the moso bamboo forest becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel technical scheme of a method for effectively improving the carbon reserve of a moso bamboo forest.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method of increasing the carbon reserve of a phyllostachys edulis forest is provided.
The method for improving the carbon reserve of the moso bamboo forest comprises the following steps:
firstly, adjusting the density of the bamboo to be 2666 strains/hm or more2；
Then adjusting the diameter at breast height of the moso bamboos in the moso bamboo forest to be more than or equal to 10.79 cm;
then controlling the proportion of 1-year-old moso bamboo, 2-3-year-old moso bamboo, 4-5-year-old moso bamboo and 6-7-year-old moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest to be 1:2:2 (0-1);
and performing management treatment on the phyllostachys pubescens forest in the growth process of the phyllostachys pubescens forest, wherein the management treatment comprises reclamation treatment, and the reclamation treatment is that bamboo shoots are dug in combination to be reclaimed every 3-5 years.
Optionally, the density of the standing bamboos in the moso bamboo forest is adjusted to be more than or equal to 2666 plants/hm2The method comprises the following specific steps:
felling the bamboo forest, and adjusting the density of the vertical bamboo to be more than or equal to 2666 plants/hm23907 strains/hm2。
Optionally, the step of readjusting the diameter at breast height of the moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest to be greater than or equal to 10.79cm is specifically as follows:
felling the moso bamboo forest, and adjusting the breast diameter of the moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest to 10.79cm-13.50 cm.
Optionally, the step of controlling the ratio of 1-year-old moso bamboos, 2-3-year-old moso bamboos, 4-5-year-old moso bamboos and 6-7-year-old moso bamboos in the moso bamboo forest to be 1:2:2 (0-1) specifically comprises the following steps:
the ratio of 1-year-old moso bamboo, 2-3-year-old moso bamboo, 4-5-year-old moso bamboo and 6-7-year-old moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest is controlled to be 1:2:2: 1.
Optionally, the diameter of breast, the density of standing bamboos and the age structure of the moso bamboo forest are adjusted by digging bamboo shoots in spring and cutting 6-year or 7-year moso bamboos in autumn and winter.
Optionally, the operation treatment further comprises fertilization treatment, and the fertilization treatment applies a moso bamboo special fertilizer, the total nutrient content of the moso bamboo special fertilizer is greater than or equal to 30%, and N is P2O5:K2O is 9:5: 6.
Alternatively, the business process includes only a reclamation process and a fertilization process.
The method for improving the carbon reserve of the moso bamboo forest manages the moso bamboo forest from a plurality of angles of the diameter at breast height, the density of the standing bamboos, the age structure and the management and treatment of the moso bamboo, reasonably improves the biomass of the moso bamboo, controls the carbon content of the soil of the forest land, and achieves the purpose of improving the carbon sink increase of the forest.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the average diameter at breast height of a moso bamboo forest and the biomass of forest stand.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the bamboo degree and stand biomass.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the age structure of a moso bamboo forest and forest stand characteristic quantities.
Fig. 4 to 6 are graphs showing the relationship between the operation mode and the breast diameter, the stand bamboo degree and the biomass of the forest stand.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
The present disclosure provides a method for increasing carbon reserves of a moso bamboo forest, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, adjusting the density of the bamboo to be 2666 strains/hm or more2。
Concrete implementWhen the bamboo is applied, the bamboo forest can be felled, and the density of the standing bamboo of the bamboo forest is adjusted to be more than or equal to 2666 plants/hm23907 strains/hm2。
And then adjusting the diameter at breast height of the moso bamboos in the moso bamboo forest to be more than or equal to 10.79 cm.
In specific implementation, the bamboo forest can be felled, and the breast diameter of the bamboo in the bamboo forest is adjusted to 10.79cm-13.50 cm.
Then controlling the proportion of 1-year-old moso bamboo, 2-3-year-old moso bamboo, 4-5-year-old moso bamboo and 6-7-year-old moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest to be 1:2:2 (0-1).
In specific implementation, the ratio of 1-year-old moso bamboo, 2-3-year-old moso bamboo, 4-5-year-old moso bamboo and 6-7-year-old moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest can be controlled to be 1:2:2: 1.
In order to more effectively control the diameter of breast, the density and the age structure of the phyllostachys pubescens forest, the diameter of breast, the density and the age structure of the phyllostachys pubescens forest are adjusted by digging bamboo shoots in spring (3-5 months) and cutting 6-year or 7-year phyllostachys pubescens in autumn and winter.
The operating treatment is carried out on the moso bamboo forest in the growth process of the moso bamboo forest, wherein the operating treatment comprises the reclamation treatment, and the reclamation treatment is that bamboo shoots are dug in combination to be reclaimed every 3-5 years.
In order to reasonably increase the biomass of the moso bamboo, the operation treatment can also comprise fertilization treatment, and the fertilization treatment is carried out by applying a special fertilizer for the moso bamboo, the total nutrient content of the special fertilizer for the moso bamboo is more than or equal to 30 percent, and N is P2O5:K2O is 9:5: 6.
Since the carbon reserves of the woodland are greatly reduced by the grass splitting treatment and the application of the organic fertilizer, the management treatment only includes the reclamation treatment and the fertilization treatment.
The experimental procedures used in the examples below are conventional unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used therein are commercially available, and the equipment used in the experiments are well known to those skilled in the art without otherwise specified.
Mao bamboo forest structure regulation and control: selecting 33 moso bamboo forest experimental plots with different breast diameters and vertical bamboo densities, wherein the specification is 20m multiplied by 20 m; for the basis of each plotConditions were investigated, and based on this, 5 blocks of each experimental section of the age structures I: II: III: IV of 1:2:1:0, 1:2:2:0 and 1:2:2:1 were selected for data analysis. Wherein, the degree I bamboo represents 1 year old moso bamboo; degree II bamboo represents 2-year and 3-year old moso bamboo; degree III bamboo represents 4 and 5 year old moso bamboo; IV stands for 6-and 7-year old moso bamboos. As the leaves of the moso bamboo are changed every 2 years, the degree is taken as the expression method of the age structure of the bamboo forest in the management of the moso bamboo.
As shown in figure 1, the average breast diameter of the investigated forest is 8.89cm-12.49cm, and the forest stand biomass difference is large, from 5265kg/hm2To 34587kg/hm2. Wherein, in 33 pieces of land examined, over 30000kg/hm2In the same way, 8 forest stands with high biomass are provided, the breast diameter distribution is 10.79cm-12.49cm, and the average breast diameter of the moso bamboos is not beneficial to the accumulation of the biomass of the moso bamboo forest. From the fitted trend model y-1519.2 x2+41031 x-243368, R2 ═ 0.5183, diameter at breast height at theoretical biomass maximum of 13.50 cm.
As shown in FIG. 2, the range of the bamboo degree of the experimental forest investigated was 2425 strains/hm24450 strains/hm2The forest stand biomass difference of different bamboo standing degrees is large, and the biomass tends to increase along with the increase of the bamboo standing degree; however, when the biomass is increased to a certain extent, the biomass tends to decrease with the increase of the bamboo degree. Over 30000kg/hm2The culture medium has 8 blocks, and the density of the standing bamboo is 2666-2. The forest stand biomass is determined by the size and the number of the vertical bamboo plants. Fitting equation y-0.0084 x according to trend line2+65.632 x-97836, R2 ═ 0.4401, theoretical maximum biomass value appeared at 3907 strains/hm2。
As shown in FIG. 3, the forest stand biomass was highest with an average of 31552kg/hm when the age structures I, II, III, IV were 1:2:2:12. Currently, most bamboo forest operators fell moso bamboos for 4-5 years, and although more economic benefits are obtained, the carbon reserves of the bamboo forest are not accumulated. The bamboo carbonization management should properly maintain the old bamboo.
Mao bamboo forest management mode: selecting non-commercial, grass-splitting and cultivatingThe fertilization of the bamboo pure forest plots is repeated 4 times for each type, and the plot specification is 20m multiplied by 20m for 16 plots. Wherein, the grass is 1 time of grass splitting in 6 or 9 months per year; the cultivation is carried out for 3-5 years, and bamboo shoots are dug for one time; applying the fertilizer for Mao bamboo for 1 time every 2-3 years (total nutrient content is greater than or equal to 30%, N: P)2O5:K2O is 9:5:6), the fertilizer application amount is 0.25kg per plant, the hole is applied 20cm away from the bamboo stump, and the hole depth is 40 cm. The operation time of grass splitting, reclamation and fertilization is more than 10 years.
The applied special fertilizer for moso bamboo (I) and organic fertilizer sample plot (II) were set, and sample plots with specification of 20m × 20m were set by using the non-applied sample plot as a control (III), and each type was repeated 3 times, and 9 sample plots were set in total. And (3) carrying out final reduced calculation according to the equal application amount of the N elements, uniformly applying fertilizers in 5 months every year, carrying out hole application on the special fertilizer at a position about 30cm away from the moso bamboos, and ditching 6-7 organic fertilizers in the standard land for furrow application. Fertilizer special for bamboo (total nutrient content is more than or equal to 30 percent, N: P2O5:K2O9: 5:6), applied at 506kg/hm2(ii) a The N content of the organic fertilizer is 8 percent, the organic matter content is 45 percent, and the application amount is 11932kg/hm2。
As shown in fig. 4-6, the different operating modes have different effects on the growth of the moso bamboos, wherein the breast height of the moso bamboos in the different operating modes is arranged in the sequence of reclamation, fertilization, grass splitting and no operation, which reflects that the conventional operating measures have important influence on the improvement of the productivity of the moso bamboos, wherein the effect of reclamation on the increase of the breast height is most obvious; the order of the vertical bamboo degree is fertilization, cultivation, grass splitting and no management; the biomass is arranged in the sequence of fertilization, cultivation, grass splitting and no operation, and the biomass of the fertilization phyllostachys pubescens forest is obviously higher than that of other operation modes, on one hand, the fertilization phyllostachys pubescens forest has higher standing bamboo degree and larger breast diameter, and on the other hand, the biomass is possibly related to the fact that the fertilization increases the density of the phyllostachys pubescens woods.
As shown in Table 1 (the same letters represent that the difference between the two is not significant (P is more than 0.05), and different capital letters represent that the difference reaches a very significant level (P is less than 0.01)), the operation mode has significant influence on the organic carbon content of the soil and the carbon reserve of a 60cm soil layer, and the influence on the volume weight of the soil does not reach a significant level. The arrangement sequence of the organic carbon reserves of the 60cm soil layer is reclamation, no management, grass splitting and fertilization.
Organic carbon reserves in soil layer of 160 cm
As shown in Table 2, the total carbon reserves of the forest stand are arranged in the order of reclamation > no management > grass splitting > fertilization. Although the carbon reserves of the vegetation layer are obviously increased by fertilization, the carbon reserves of the soil layer are obviously reduced, and the increase of the carbon sink of the forest stand is not facilitated. The carbon reserves of the soil can be well kept without management or reclamation, and the higher carbon reserves of the forest stand can be maintained.
TABLE 2 forest stand organic carbon reserves (t/hm)2)
As shown in Table 3, the 60cm soil layers were arranged in the order of no fertilization (116.12 t.hm)-2)>Special fertilizer (99.16 t.hm)-2)>Organic fertilizer (83.40 t.hm)-2). The organic fertilizer is applied to improve the biomass of the bamboo most obviously, but the carbon storage of the soil is lower.
Soil organic carbon reserve of 360 cm
As shown in Table 4, the order of the carbon reserves of the bamboo groves was no management (141.39 t.hm)-2)>Special fertilizer (135.70 t.hm)-2)>Organic fertilizer (123.25 t.hm)-2). The organic fertilizer is applied to improve the biomass of the bamboo most obviously, but the carbon storage of the soil is lower.
Table 4 carbon storage (t.hm) of bamboo forest for different fertilization types-2)
In conclusion, the reasonable forest stand structure for promoting the gathering increase of the moso bamboo forest is as follows: the breast diameter is more than 10.79 cm; the density of the vertical bamboo is more than 2666 strains/hm2(ii) a Age structure I, II, III and IV are 1:2:2:1, and the harvesting period is increased by properly reserving the old moso bamboos.
The carbon reserves of the vegetation can be obviously increased by conventional operation measures such as grass splitting, reclamation, fertilization and the like, but the carbon reserves of the soil of the forest land for fertilizing and grass splitting are greatly reduced, the total carbon reserves of the forest stand are comprehensively considered, and the high carbon reserves of the forest stand can be kept when the forest stand is reclaimed.
In order to improve the carbon reserves of the applied moso bamboo forest, the carbon reserves of the non-operating special fertilizer and the organic fertilizer forest stand are analyzed, and the applied special fertilizer is beneficial to the increase of the carbon reserves of the system.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving the carbon reserve of a moso bamboo forest is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, adjusting the density of the bamboo to be 2666 strains/hm or more2；
Then adjusting the diameter at breast height of the moso bamboos in the moso bamboo forest to be more than or equal to 10.79 cm;
then controlling the proportion of 1-year-old moso bamboo, 2-3-year-old moso bamboo, 4-5-year-old moso bamboo and 6-7-year-old moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest to be 1:2:2 (0-1);
and performing management treatment on the phyllostachys pubescens forest in the growth process of the phyllostachys pubescens forest, wherein the management treatment comprises reclamation treatment, and the reclamation treatment is that bamboo shoots are dug in combination to be reclaimed every 3-5 years.
2. The method for increasing the carbon reserve of the phyllostachys edulis forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein the density of the standing bamboos of the phyllostachys edulis forest is adjusted to2666 strains/hm or more2The method comprises the following specific steps:
felling the bamboo forest, and adjusting the density of the vertical bamboo to be more than or equal to 2666 plants/hm23907 strains/hm2。
3. The method for increasing the carbon reserve of the phyllostachys pubescens forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of readjusting the diameter at breast height of the phyllostachys pubescens in the phyllostachys pubescens forest to be greater than or equal to 10.79cm is as follows:
felling the moso bamboo forest, and adjusting the breast diameter of the moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest to 10.79cm-13.50 cm.
4. The method for improving the carbon reserve of the phyllostachys pubescens forest according to claim 1, wherein the step of then controlling the ratio of 1-year-old phyllostachys pubescens, 2-3-year-old phyllostachys pubescens, 4-5-year-old phyllostachys pubescens and 6-7-year-old phyllostachys pubescens in the phyllostachys pubescens forest to be 1:2:2 (0-1) is specifically as follows:
the ratio of 1-year-old moso bamboo, 2-3-year-old moso bamboo, 4-5-year-old moso bamboo and 6-7-year-old moso bamboo in the moso bamboo forest is controlled to be 1:2:2: 1.
5. The method for improving the carbon storage capacity of the phyllostachys pubescens forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of breast, the density of standing bamboos and the age structure of the phyllostachys pubescens forest are adjusted in such a manner that bamboo shoots are dug in spring, and phyllostachys pubescens are felled for 6 years or 7 years in autumn and winter.
6. The method for improving the carbon reserve of the phyllostachys pubescens forest as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the management treatment further comprises a fertilizer application treatment, and the fertilizer application treatment applies a fertilizer special for phyllostachys pubescens, the fertilizer special for phyllostachys pubescens has a total nutrient content of 30% or more, and N is P2O5:K2O is 9:5: 6.
7. The method for increasing the carbon reserve of phyllostachys edulis forest according to claim 6, wherein the business process includes only a reclamation process and a fertilization process.
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