CN113054708B - Full-equalizing charge method based on effective equalizing signals and battery integrated system - Google Patents

Full-equalizing charge method based on effective equalizing signals and battery integrated system Download PDF

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CN113054708B
CN113054708B CN202110327281.1A CN202110327281A CN113054708B CN 113054708 B CN113054708 B CN 113054708B CN 202110327281 A CN202110327281 A CN 202110327281A CN 113054708 B CN113054708 B CN 113054708B
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equalization
signal
effective
current
battery
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CN113054708A (en
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章治国
杜吉祥
李禹�
柏科
唐艳
章巧敏
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Chongqing Hongyi Electric Co ltd
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Chongqing Hongyi Electric Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a full equalizing charge method based on an effective equalizing signal and a battery integrated system, which are used for judging whether a single battery in a battery pack reaches an equalizing opening condition in real time, wherein the equalizing opening condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is larger than or equal to a preset voltage, and an equalizing signal is generated after equalizing is started; taking the stable balanced signal as an effective balanced signal, and gradually reducing the charging current when the effective balanced signal exists until the effective balanced signal disappears; the method comprises the steps that an effective equalization signal is used as an index for judging whether the single batteries are full, and charging is stopped after an equalization module of each single battery sends out the effective equalization signal; when the effective equalization signal is not available, the charging current is increased for charging. The battery integrated system adopts pulse width modulation to realize the adjustment of charging current. The invention solves the technical problems of avoiding the overcharge of the single battery and ensuring that all batteries in the battery pack are fully charged, and the electric quantity of the single battery tends to be consistent.

Description

Full-equalizing charge method based on effective equalizing signals and battery integrated system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging management.
Background
When the battery is used as a power supply of the electric equipment, a large number of single batteries are generally connected in series to form a battery pack to meet the power and voltage requirements of the electric equipment. Because of the material or process difference of the battery in the manufacturing process, the produced battery cannot be completely consistent, and after repeated charge and discharge, the voltage and charge imbalance among the single batteries can occur, so that the battery can face the problem of overcharge and overdischarge in the charge and discharge process. The battery pack safety is reduced, the capacity of the battery pack is reduced, and the battery life is shortened, so that the battery pack must be balanced and managed.
The equalizing charge scheme of the battery pack is mainly divided into an energy dissipation type and an energy transfer type. The energy dissipation type is that the current flowing into the parallel batteries is reduced through the shunt effect of the resistor branch circuits in a mode of connecting the batteries to be balanced in parallel, and the inflow energy of the batteries which are started to be balanced is reduced. However, in this way, current continuously flows into the balanced battery, and the voltage of the balanced battery is continuously increased due to the balanced battery being started, so that the potential safety hazard of overcharging the battery exists. The energy transfer is to transfer the surplus energy of the battery through the converter. Regardless of the equalization scheme, whether the battery reaches an equalization condition or not needs to be detected, and the equalization mode can be started to charge after the equalization condition is reached.
In the prior art, whether an equalization condition is achieved is mainly judged by detecting the real-time voltage or the real-time electric quantity of the battery, so that the battery with high voltage or more electric quantity is discharged to maintain the voltage of each battery to be consistent (reach the average voltage) in the charging process, and once any one single battery is fully charged, all the batteries are considered to be fully charged to stop charging in order to prevent overcharge, but due to the heterogeneity of the batteries, other batteries are likely to be not fully charged, so that all the batteries cannot be truly fully charged, and the available capacity of the battery pack cannot be furthest used. In addition, the detection of the real-time voltage and the real-time electric quantity has high requirements on the detection chip, and a more expensive chip is needed, so that the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a full-equalizing charge method based on an effective equalizing signal, which solves the technical problem of how to avoid overcharging of single batteries and ensure that all batteries in a battery pack are fully charged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a full equalization charging method based on effective equalization signals comprises the following steps:
step1, judging whether a single battery in the battery pack reaches an equilibrium starting condition in real time; the balanced starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is larger than or equal to a preset voltage; if so, the single battery which reaches the balanced starting condition enters step2; if not, entering step4;
step2, starting an equalization module connected in parallel with the single battery to split charging current, wherein the current flowing into the equalization module is equalization current, and generating an equalization signal representing that the equalization module is in an equalization starting state;
step3, judging whether the current balanced signal is an effective balanced signal according to whether the current balanced signal is stable or not, and taking the stable balanced signal as the effective balanced signal; if the current effective equalization signal is the effective equalization signal, recording a single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, gradually reducing the charging current in the charging main loop until the charging current in the charging main loop is smaller than the equalization current to cause the equalization module to be closed, and then entering step4; if not, returning to step1;
step4, gradually increasing the charging current in the charging main loop until an effective equalization signal is detected, and recording a single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal;
step5, judging whether all the single batteries in the record have sent effective equalization signals; if yes, stopping charging; if not, go back to Step1.
The invention also provides a battery integrated system, which comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries which are connected in series, each single battery is connected in parallel with an independent balancing module, and the balancing module is started to shunt charging current when a balancing starting condition is met; the balanced starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is larger than or equal to a preset voltage; the equalization module can send an equalization signal to the control system in an equalization opening state, and the control system can identify a stable equalization signal as an effective equalization signal;
a main switch module is connected in series on a charging main loop of the battery pack; the master switch module is used for receiving PWM waveform control of the control system;
the control system is provided with a full-equalizing charge management program, and the full-equalizing charge management program is used for adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM waveform according to the condition of the effective equalizing signal of the battery pack, so that the average value of the charging current is adjusted by adjusting the switching frequency of the main switching module: if the effective equalization signal is currently identified, recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; if no effective equalization signal is recognized at present, gradually increasing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal is detected, and recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal; if all the batteries in the record have sent out a valid equalization signal, the charging is stopped.
Further, the equalization module comprises a power management IC which is connected in parallel with two ends of the single battery to detect terminal voltage, wherein the power management IC is connected in series with a switching tube and a dissipation resistor to form an equalization loop, and the power management IC controls the switching tube to be opened and closed according to the battery terminal voltage; the power management IC is used for identifying the on state of the switching tube and sending an equalization signal to the control system, or the equalization signal sending module connected in series on the equalization loop is used for sending the equalization signal to the control system.
Furthermore, the equalization signal transmitting module is an optocoupler controlled triode, and the optocoupler controlled triode generates a high-level signal when the equalization loop is connected and transmits the high-level signal to the control system as an equalization signal.
Further, a current sampling module is arranged on the charging main loop to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system.
Further, when a stable equilibrium signal is identified, the control system adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM waveform as follows:
firstly, the duty ratio of a PWM waveform is adjusted according to the ratio of the estimated equalization current to the charging current, namely, the duty ratio D is adjusted to D=i/I, wherein I represents the charging current acquired in real time, I represents the estimated equalization current, i=V/R, V represents the equalization starting voltage, namely, the preset voltage of a single battery, and R represents the resistance value of a dissipation resistor;
then, the duty cycle is reduced again in a fixed proportion until the effective equalization signal disappears.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the prior art, whether the single battery is fully charged or not is judged by detecting the terminal voltage, and once the terminal voltage of a certain single battery reaches the preset voltage, the charging of the whole battery pack is stopped, and although the overcharge can be prevented, due to the heterogeneity of the battery, the single battery in the battery pack is fully charged fast, the single battery in the battery pack is fully charged slowly, and each single battery in the battery pack cannot be fully charged, so that the capacity of the battery pack is reduced, the safety is reduced and the service life of the battery is shortened due to the long-term charging deficiency. The invention simultaneously solves the contradiction between the overcharge of the single battery and the integral full charge of the battery pack from three aspects: 1) The effective equalization signals are used as indexes for judging whether the single batteries are full or not, and the charging is stopped after the equalization modules of all the single batteries send out the effective equalization signals, so that each single battery in the battery pack is ensured to be full (basically equal to the preset voltage). 2) The invention adopts the preset voltage of the single battery as the balanced starting voltage, and once the terminal voltage of the single battery is larger than or equal to the preset voltage, the balance is started, and meanwhile, the charging current is reduced, so that the phenomenon that the single battery which is started to be balanced is charged continuously to be overcharged can be avoided, and the single battery which is not started to be balanced is charged continuously. 3) When no effective equalization signal exists in the battery pack, the charging current is increased to charge, so that the charging speed can be increased, and the battery cell can be more close to the preset voltage after being fully charged.
2. Because the invention adopts the preset voltage as the balanced starting voltage, only the terminal voltage of the single battery is required to be detected to reach the preset voltage, and an expensive chip is not required to be adopted to detect the specific value of the real-time terminal voltage, so that the hardware cost can be greatly reduced.
3. The battery integrated system of the invention adopts PWM pulse width modulation to realize the adjustment of charging current, adopts the technical means of combining an analog chip (power management IC of a single battery) and a digital processor (MCU of a control system), can eliminate instantaneous over-voltage and under-voltage interference signals in the charging and discharging process, and improves the fault tolerance and the anti-interference capability of the system.
4. The equalization signal transmitting module is an optocoupler controlled triode, and can generate corresponding level change as long as the on state of the equalization loop is changed, so that the equalization on state can be accurately reflected.
5. The current sampling module is added, the duty ratio of the PWM waveform is adjusted according to the ratio of the estimated equalizing current and the charging current, and the duty ratio is lower than that of the PWM waveform which is directly gradually adjusted according to the fixed ratio, so that the adjustment time can be shortened, and the charging efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a battery integration system in the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an equalization module in this embodiment;
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the preferred embodiments.
In order to better explain the technical scheme of the invention, the basic principle of the invention is firstly described: the preset voltage is the voltage when the single battery is fully charged and is larger than the rated voltage, and the preset voltage is determined according to the performance of the single battery, for example, the preset voltage of the lithium iron phosphate single battery is 3.6V and the rated voltage is 3.2V; and after the single battery is balanced, the battery is fully charged, the balancing module sends a balancing signal to the control system, and if the balancing signal is a valid balancing signal, the control system marks that the single battery is fully charged. By gradually reducing the charging current, the charging current can be slightly less than or equal to the equalizing current of the equalizing circuit, so that the charging current of the fully charged battery is bypassed by the equalizing circuit, the battery is not charged any more, and other battery which is not equalized continue to be charged. The battery which is not fully charged is continuously charged, the charging current of the fully charged single battery is bypassed, the voltage of the single battery cannot continuously rise, the overcharge of the battery is avoided, the overcharge voltage does not refer to preset voltage, the nominal 3.2V battery is regarded as 3.6V when the battery is fully charged, but the risk of overcharge of the battery of the type (lithium iron phosphate) is generally regarded as 3.7V, and the electric quantity of all the single batteries tends to be consistent (basically equal to the preset voltage) after the charging is finished, so that full equalization is truly realized.
The invention provides a full equalization charging method based on an effective equalization signal, which comprises the following steps:
step1, judging whether a single battery in the battery pack reaches an equilibrium starting condition in real time; the balanced starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is larger than or equal to a preset voltage; if so, the single battery which reaches the balanced starting condition enters step2; if not, entering step4;
step2, starting an equalization module connected in parallel with the single battery to split charging current, wherein the current flowing into the equalization module is equalization current, and generating an equalization signal representing that the equalization module is in an equalization starting state;
step3, judging whether the current balanced signal is an effective balanced signal according to whether the current balanced signal is stable or not, and taking the stable balanced signal as the effective balanced signal; if the current effective equalization signal is the effective equalization signal, recording a single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, gradually reducing the charging current in the charging main loop until the charging current in the charging main loop is smaller than the equalization current to cause the equalization module to be closed, and then entering step4; if not, returning to step1;
step4, gradually increasing the charging current in the charging main loop until an effective equalization signal is detected, and recording a single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal;
step5, judging whether all the single batteries in the record have sent effective equalization signals; if yes, stopping charging; if not, go back to Step1.
In this embodiment, whether the current equalization signal is stable or not is determined by performing the jitter elimination processing on the equalization signal, so as to determine whether the current equalization signal is a valid equalization signal. More specifically, whether the current balanced signal is a valid balanced signal is judged by delaying to wait whether the current balanced signal continuously exists; or detecting whether the current balanced signal exists or not by detecting the current balanced signal for a plurality of times within a unit time, wherein the detection times are not less than 3 times.
In this particular real-time manner, the charging current in the charging main loop is adjusted by adjusting the pulse width of the control waveform of the main switch module in the charging main loop. Of course, the charging current level may be varied in other ways, such as by series-connecting a variable resistor in the charging main loop.
In order to realize the equalizing charge method of the invention, the invention also provides a battery integrated system, which is shown by referring to fig. 1, and comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series, each single battery is connected in parallel with an independent equalizing module, and the equalizing module is started to shunt charge current when the equalizing starting condition is met; the balanced starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is larger than or equal to a preset voltage; the equalization module can send an equalization signal to the control system in an equalization opening state, and the control system can identify a stable equalization signal as an effective equalization signal;
a main switch module is connected in series on a charging main loop of the battery pack; the master switch module is used for receiving PWM waveform control of the control system;
the control system is provided with a full-equalizing charge management program, and the full-equalizing charge management program is used for adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM waveform according to the condition of the effective equalizing signal of the battery pack, so that the average value of the charging current is adjusted by adjusting the switching frequency of the main switching module: if the effective equalization signal is currently identified, recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; if no effective equalization signal is recognized at present, gradually increasing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal is detected, and recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal; if all the batteries in the record have sent out a valid equalization signal, the charging is stopped.
Referring to fig. 2, the balancing module includes a power management IC for detecting terminal voltage connected in parallel to both ends of a single battery, and the power management IC connects a switching tube in series with a dissipation resistor to form a balancing loop, and the power management IC controls the switching tube to be opened and closed according to the battery terminal voltage; and the equalization signal is sent to the control system through an equalization signal sending module connected in series on the equalization loop. The equalization signal transmitting module is an optocoupler controlled triode, and the optocoupler controlled triode generates a high-level signal when the equalization loop is connected and transmits the high-level signal to the control system as an equalization signal. In addition, the power management IC can also recognize the on state of the switching tube and send an equalization signal to the control system.
In the specific embodiment, when the stable balanced signal is identified, the duty ratio is gradually reduced according to a fixed proportion until the effective balanced signal disappears; when no stable equalized signal is recognized, the duty ratio is gradually increased in a fixed ratio until a valid equalized signal is detected.
In this specific embodiment, a current sampling module is disposed on the charging main circuit to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system; then when a stable equalized signal is identified, the control system adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM waveform as follows:
firstly, the duty ratio of a PWM waveform in one period is adjusted according to the ratio of the estimated equalization current to the charging current, namely, the duty ratio D is adjusted to D=i/I, wherein I represents the charging current acquired in real time, I represents the estimated equalization current, i=V/R, V represents the equalization starting voltage, namely, the preset voltage of a single battery, and R represents the resistance value of a dissipation resistor (in the specific embodiment, two resistors are connected in parallel to form the dissipation resistor); under the balanced state, the single battery is discharged and charged, the battery voltage is changed continuously, the balanced current is changed along with the change of the battery voltage, and the magnitude of the balanced current is difficult to calculate accurately, so that the balanced current is estimated. Then, the duty cycle is reduced again in a fixed proportion until the effective equalization signal disappears.
In addition, according to the charging current acquired in real time, the control system can also realize the estimation of the electric quantity of the battery pack (the electric quantity estimation algorithm in the prior art is adopted) and monitor the current of the battery pack.

Claims (9)

1. The full equalization charging method based on the effective equalization signal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step1, judging whether a single battery in the battery pack reaches an equilibrium starting condition in real time; the balanced starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is larger than or equal to a preset voltage, wherein the preset voltage is the voltage when the single battery is fully charged, and the voltage is determined according to the performance of the single battery; if so, the single battery which reaches the balanced starting condition enters step2; if not, entering step4;
step2, starting an equalization module connected in parallel with the single battery to split charging current, wherein the current flowing into the equalization module is equalization current, and generating an equalization signal representing that the equalization module is in an equalization starting state;
step3, judging whether the current balanced signal is an effective balanced signal according to whether the current balanced signal is stable or not, and taking the stable balanced signal as the effective balanced signal; if the current effective equalization signal is the effective equalization signal, recording a single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, gradually reducing the charging current in the charging main loop until the charging current in the charging main loop is smaller than the equalization current to cause the equalization module to be closed, and then entering step4; if not, returning to step1; wherein the charging current in the charging main loop is adjusted by adjusting the pulse width of the control waveform of the main switch module in the charging main loop;
step4, gradually increasing the charging current in the charging main loop until an effective equalization signal is detected, and recording a single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal;
step5, judging whether all the single batteries in the record have sent effective equalization signals; if yes, stopping charging; if not, returning to Step1;
the control system is provided with a full-equalizing charge management program, and the full-equalizing charge management program adjusts the duty ratio of the PWM waveform according to the effective equalizing signal condition of the battery pack, so that the average value of the charging current is adjusted by adjusting the switching frequency of the main switch module: if the effective equalization signal is currently identified, recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; if no effective equalization signal is recognized at present, gradually increasing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal is detected, and recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal; if all the batteries in the record have sent out a valid equalization signal, the charging is stopped.
2. The full equalization charge method based on an effective equalization signal according to claim 1, wherein whether the current equalization signal is an effective equalization signal is judged by judging whether the current equalization signal is stable by performing a debounce process on the equalization signal.
3. The full equalization charge method based on an effective equalization signal according to claim 2, wherein whether the current equalization signal is an effective equalization signal is judged by delaying waiting for whether the current equalization signal is continuously present; or detecting whether the current balanced signal exists or not by detecting the current balanced signal for a plurality of times within a unit time, wherein the detection times are not less than 3 times.
4. The battery integrated system comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series, each single battery is connected in parallel with an independent balancing module, and the balancing module is started to shunt charging current when a balancing starting condition is met; the method is characterized in that the balanced starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is more than or equal to a preset voltage; the equalization module can send an equalization signal to the control system in an equalization opening state, and the control system can identify a stable equalization signal as an effective equalization signal;
a main switch module is connected in series on a charging main loop of the battery pack; the master switch module is used for receiving PWM waveform control of the control system;
the control system is provided with a full-equalizing charge management program, and the full-equalizing charge management program is used for adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM waveform according to the condition of the effective equalizing signal of the battery pack, so that the average value of the charging current is adjusted by adjusting the on duration in the period of the total switch module: if the effective equalization signal is currently identified, recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; if no effective equalization signal is recognized at present, gradually increasing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal is detected, and recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal; if all the batteries in the record have sent out a valid equalization signal, the charging is stopped.
5. The battery integrated system of claim 4, wherein: the equalization module comprises a power management IC which is connected in parallel with two ends of the single battery to detect terminal voltage, wherein the power management IC is connected with a switching tube in series and forms an equalization loop with a dissipation resistor, and the power management IC controls the switching tube to be opened and closed according to the battery terminal voltage; the power management IC is used for identifying the on state of the switching tube and sending an equalization signal to the control system, or the equalization signal sending module connected in series on the equalization loop is used for sending the equalization signal to the control system.
6. The battery integrated system of claim 4, wherein: the equalization signal transmitting module is an optocoupler controlled triode, and the optocoupler controlled triode generates a high-level signal when the equalization loop is connected and transmits the high-level signal to the control system as an equalization signal.
7. The battery integrated system of claim 4, wherein: when the stable balanced signal is identified, gradually reducing the duty ratio according to a fixed proportion until the effective balanced signal disappears; when no stable equalized signal is recognized, the duty ratio is gradually increased in a fixed ratio until a valid equalized signal is detected.
8. The battery integrated system of claim 5, wherein: the charging main loop is provided with a current sampling module to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system, and the control system can estimate the electric quantity of the battery pack according to the real-time charging current and monitor the current of the battery pack.
9. The battery integrated system of claim 5, wherein: the charging main loop is provided with a current sampling module to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system, and when a stable balanced signal is identified, the control system adjusts the duty ratio of the PWM waveform as follows:
firstly, the duty ratio of a PWM waveform is adjusted according to the ratio of the estimated equalization current to the charging current, namely, the duty ratio D is adjusted to D=i/I, wherein I represents the charging current acquired in real time, I represents the estimated equalization current, i=V/R, V represents the equalization starting voltage, namely, the preset voltage of a single battery, and R represents the resistance value of a dissipation resistor;
then, the duty cycle is reduced again in a fixed proportion until the effective equalization signal disappears.
CN202110327281.1A 2021-03-26 2021-03-26 Full-equalizing charge method based on effective equalizing signals and battery integrated system Active CN113054708B (en)

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