CN113054708A - Full-equalization charging method based on effective equalization signal and battery integration system - Google Patents
Full-equalization charging method based on effective equalization signal and battery integration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113054708A CN113054708A CN202110327281.1A CN202110327281A CN113054708A CN 113054708 A CN113054708 A CN 113054708A CN 202110327281 A CN202110327281 A CN 202110327281A CN 113054708 A CN113054708 A CN 113054708A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-equalization charging method and a battery integrated system based on effective equalization signals, which are used for judging whether a single battery in a battery pack reaches an equalization starting condition in real time, wherein the equalization starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, and an equalization signal is generated after equalization is started; taking the stable equalization signal as an effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the charging current until the effective equalization signal disappears when the effective equalization signal exists; the effective equalization signal is used as an index for judging whether the single batteries are fully charged, and the charging is stopped after the equalization module of each single battery sends out the effective equalization signal; when there is no effective equalization signal, the charging current is increased for charging. The battery integration system uses pulse width modulation to achieve regulation of the charging current. The invention solves the technical problem of how to avoid the overcharge of the single batteries and ensure that all the batteries in the battery pack are fully charged, and the electric quantity of the single batteries tends to be consistent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging management.
Background
When the battery is used as a power supply of the electric equipment, a large number of single batteries are generally connected in series to form a string, and a battery pack is formed to meet the power and voltage requirements of the electric equipment. Due to the difference of materials or processes in the manufacturing process of the battery, the produced batteries cannot be completely consistent, and after repeated cyclic charge and discharge, voltage and charge imbalance can occur among single batteries, so that the battery can face the problem of overcharge and overdischarge in the charge and discharge process. Therefore, the battery pack must be balanced and managed.
The current equalizing charge scheme of the battery pack mainly comprises an energy dissipation type and an energy transfer type. The energy dissipation type is that the current flowing into the parallel batteries is reduced by connecting the batteries needing to be balanced in parallel with the resistors and by the shunting action of the resistor branches, and the inflow energy of the batteries starting to be balanced is reduced. However, in this way, current continuously flows into the battery with the balance being turned on, and the voltage of the battery with the balance being turned on continuously rises, so that the potential safety hazard of overcharging of the battery exists. The energy transfer type is to transfer the excess energy of the battery through the converter. No matter what kind of equalization scheme, whether the battery reaches the equalization condition needs to be detected, and the equalization mode can be started for charging after the equalization condition is reached.
In the prior art, whether an equalization condition is achieved is mainly judged by detecting real-time voltage or real-time electric quantity of a battery, so that the battery with high voltage or large electric quantity is discharged to maintain the voltage consistency (to achieve an average voltage) of each battery in the charging process, once any single battery is fully charged, all the batteries are considered to be fully charged and the charging is stopped in order to prevent overcharging, but due to the heterogeneity of the batteries, other batteries are likely not fully charged, the full charge of all the batteries cannot be truly realized, and the available capacity of a battery pack cannot be used to the maximum extent. In addition, the detection of real-time voltage and real-time electric quantity has high requirements on the detection chip, and an expensive chip is required, so that the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a full-equalization charging method based on an effective equalization signal, which solves the technical problem of not only avoiding the overcharge of a single battery, but also ensuring that all batteries in a battery pack are fully charged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a full equalizing charge method based on effective equalizing signals comprises the following steps:
step1, judging whether a single battery in the battery pack reaches a balanced starting condition in real time; the balance starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; if yes, the single battery reaching the balanced starting condition enters step 2; if not, step4 is entered;
step2, starting an equalizing module connected with the single battery in parallel to shunt charging current, wherein the current flowing into the equalizing module is equalizing current, and simultaneously generating an equalizing signal indicating that the equalizing module is in an equalizing starting state;
step3, judging whether the current equalization signal is an effective equalization signal according to whether the current equalization signal is stable, and taking the stable equalization signal as the effective equalization signal; if the current signal is an effective equalization signal, recording the single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, gradually reducing the charging current in the charging main loop until the charging current in the charging main loop is smaller than the equalization current to cause the equalization module to be closed, and then entering step 4; if not, go back to step 1;
step4, gradually increasing the charging current in the charging main loop until an effective equalization signal is detected, and recording the single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal;
step5, judging whether all the single batteries in the record send effective equalization signals; if yes, stopping charging; if not, go back to Step 1.
The invention also provides a battery integrated system, which comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series, each single battery is connected with an independent equalizing module in parallel, and the equalizing module is started to shunt charging current when an equalizing starting condition is met; the balance starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; the equalization module can send an equalization signal to the control system in an equalization on state, and the control system can identify the stable equalization signal as an effective equalization signal;
a main switch module is connected in series with a charging main loop of the battery pack; the master switch module is used for receiving PWM waveform control of a control system;
the control system is provided with a full-equalization charging management program which is used for adjusting the duty ratio of a PWM waveform according to the effective equalization signal condition of the battery pack, so that the average value of the charging current is adjusted by adjusting the switching frequency of a main switching module: if the effective equalization signal is identified currently, recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; if no effective equalization signal is identified currently, gradually increasing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal is detected, and recording the battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal; and stopping charging if all the batteries in the record send out effective equalization signals.
Furthermore, the balancing module comprises a power management IC which is connected in parallel at two ends of the single battery to detect the end voltage, the power management IC is connected with a switching tube in series to form a balancing loop with the dissipation resistor, and the power management IC controls the switching tube to be switched on and switched off according to the end voltage of the battery; the power management IC identifies the opening state of the switching tube and sends an equalization signal to the control system, or the equalization signal sending module connected in series on the equalization loop sends the equalization signal to the control system.
Further, the equalization signal sending module is an optocoupler controlled triode, and the optocoupler controlled triode generates a high-level signal when the equalization loop is switched on and sends the high-level signal as an equalization signal to the control system.
Furthermore, a current sampling module is arranged on the charging main loop to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system.
Further, when a stable equalized signal is identified, the control system adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM waveform as follows:
firstly, adjusting the duty ratio of a PWM waveform according to the ratio of the estimated equalizing current to the charging current, namely adjusting the duty ratio D to D-I/I, wherein I represents the charging current acquired in real time, I represents the estimated equalizing current, I-V/R, V represents the equalizing starting voltage, namely the preset voltage of the single battery, and R represents the resistance value of the dissipation resistor;
then, the duty ratio is reduced according to a fixed proportion until the effective equalization signal disappears.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the prior art, whether a single battery is fully charged is judged by detecting end voltage, once the end voltage of a certain single battery reaches preset voltage, the charging of the whole battery pack is stopped, and although overcharging can be prevented, due to the heterogeneity of batteries, some single batteries in the battery pack are fully charged quickly, and some single batteries are fully charged slowly, so that the full charging of each single battery in the battery pack cannot be ensured, and the capacity reduction, the safety reduction and the battery service life reduction of the battery pack can be caused due to insufficient long-term charging. The invention simultaneously solves the contradiction between the overcharge of the single battery and the integral full charge of the battery pack from three aspects: 1) the effective equalization signal is used as an index for judging whether the single batteries are fully charged, and charging is stopped after the equalization module of each single battery sends out the effective equalization signal, so that each single battery in the battery pack is fully charged (basically equal to the preset voltage). 2) The invention adopts the preset voltage of the single battery as the equalizing starting voltage, once the terminal voltage of the single battery is more than or equal to the preset voltage, the equalizing is started, and simultaneously the charging current is reduced, thereby not only avoiding the overcharge caused by the continuous charging of the single battery with the equalizing started, but also ensuring the continuous charging of the single battery without the equalizing started. 3) When no effective equalization signal exists in the battery pack, the charging current is increased for charging, so that the charging speed can be increased, and the single battery is closer to the preset voltage after being fully charged.
2. Because the invention adopts the preset voltage as the equalizing starting voltage, only the terminal voltage of the single battery needs to be detected whether to reach the preset voltage, and expensive chips are not needed to be adopted to detect the specific value of the real-time terminal voltage, thereby greatly reducing the hardware cost.
3. The battery integration system of the invention adopts PWM pulse width modulation to realize the adjustment of charging current, and adopts the technical means of combining an analog chip (a power management IC of a single battery) and a digital processor (an MCU of a control system), so that instantaneous over-voltage and under-voltage interference signals in the charging and discharging process can be eliminated, and the fault tolerance and the anti-interference capability of the system are improved.
4. The equalizing signal sending module is an optocoupler controlled triode, and corresponding level change can be generated as long as the on state of the equalizing loop is changed, so that the equalizing opening state can be accurately reflected.
5. And a current sampling module is added, the duty ratio of the PWM waveform is adjusted according to the ratio of the estimated equalizing current to the charging current, and the duty ratio is gradually lower than that of the PWM waveform directly according to a fixed ratio, so that the adjusting time can be shortened, and the charging efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a battery integration system according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an equalization module in this embodiment;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
In order to better explain the technical scheme of the invention, the basic principle of the invention is firstly explained: the preset voltage is the voltage when the single battery is fully charged and is greater than the rated voltage, and the preset voltage is determined according to the self performance of the single battery, such as the preset voltage of 3.6V and the rated voltage of 3.2V of the lithium iron phosphate single battery; and after the single battery is balanced, the battery is fully charged, the balancing module sends a balancing signal to the control system, and if the balancing signal is an effective balancing signal, the control system marks that the single battery is fully charged. By gradually reducing the charging current, the charging current can be slightly smaller than or equal to the equalizing current of the equalizing loop, so that the charging current of the fully charged battery is bypassed by the equalizing circuit, the battery is not charged, and other non-equalized batteries are continuously charged. The method has the advantages that the battery which is not fully charged is continuously charged, the charging current of the fully charged single battery is bypassed, the voltage of the single battery cannot continuously rise, the battery is prevented from being overcharged, the overcharging voltage does not refer to the preset voltage, the nominal voltage of the battery is 3.2V, the voltage can be regarded as 3.6V when the battery is fully charged, the overcharging risk of the battery of the type (lithium iron phosphate type) is generally regarded as 3.7V, and the electric quantity of all the single batteries tends to be consistent (basically equal to the preset voltage) after the charging is finished, so that the full balance is really realized.
The invention provides a full-equalization charging method based on effective equalization signals, which comprises the following steps:
step1, judging whether a single battery in the battery pack reaches a balanced starting condition in real time; the balance starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; if yes, the single battery reaching the balanced starting condition enters step 2; if not, step4 is entered;
step2, starting an equalizing module connected with the single battery in parallel to shunt charging current, wherein the current flowing into the equalizing module is equalizing current, and simultaneously generating an equalizing signal indicating that the equalizing module is in an equalizing starting state;
step3, judging whether the current equalization signal is an effective equalization signal according to whether the current equalization signal is stable, and taking the stable equalization signal as the effective equalization signal; if the current signal is an effective equalization signal, recording the single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, gradually reducing the charging current in the charging main loop until the charging current in the charging main loop is smaller than the equalization current to cause the equalization module to be closed, and then entering step 4; if not, go back to step 1;
step4, gradually increasing the charging current in the charging main loop until an effective equalization signal is detected, and recording the single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal;
step5, judging whether all the single batteries in the record send effective equalization signals; if yes, stopping charging; if not, go back to Step 1.
In this embodiment, the jitter elimination processing is performed on the equalization signal to determine whether the current equalization signal is stable, so as to determine whether the current equalization signal is an effective equalization signal. More specifically, whether the current equalization signal is an effective equalization signal is judged by delaying to wait whether the current equalization signal exists continuously; or detecting whether the current equalization signal exists for a plurality of times in unit time, wherein the detection times are not less than 3 times.
In this particular real-time mode, the charging current in the main charging loop is adjusted by adjusting the pulse width of the control waveform of the master switch module in the main charging loop. Of course, the magnitude of the charging current can be changed in other ways, such as by connecting a variable resistor in series in the charging main circuit.
In order to implement the equalizing charge method of the present invention, the present invention further provides a battery integration system, which is shown in fig. 1 and includes a battery pack, where the battery pack includes a plurality of single batteries connected in series, each single battery is connected in parallel with an independent equalizing module, and the equalizing module is turned on to shunt charge current when an equalizing turn-on condition is satisfied; the balance starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; the equalization module can send an equalization signal to the control system in an equalization on state, and the control system can identify the stable equalization signal as an effective equalization signal;
a main switch module is connected in series with a charging main loop of the battery pack; the main switch module is used for receiving PWM waveform control of a control system;
the control system is provided with a full-equalization charging management program which is used for adjusting the duty ratio of a PWM waveform according to the effective equalization signal condition of the battery pack, so that the average value of the charging current is adjusted by adjusting the switching frequency of a main switching module: if the effective equalization signal is identified currently, recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; if no effective equalization signal is identified currently, gradually increasing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal is detected, and recording the battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal; and stopping charging if all the batteries in the record send out effective equalization signals.
Referring to fig. 2, the balancing module includes a power management IC connected in parallel to two ends of the single battery to detect the terminal voltage, the power management IC connects a switching tube in series to form a balancing loop with a dissipation resistor, and the power management IC controls the switching tube to be turned on or off according to the terminal voltage of the battery; and sending the equalization signal to the control system through an equalization signal sending module connected in series on the equalization loop. The equalizing signal sending module is an optocoupler controlled triode which generates a high-level signal when an equalizing loop is switched on and sends the high-level signal to the control system as an equalizing signal. In addition, the on state of the switching tube can be identified through the power management IC, and an equalization signal can be sent to the control system.
In this embodiment, when a stable equalization signal is identified, the duty ratio is gradually reduced according to a fixed ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; when no stable equalized signal is identified, the duty cycle is gradually increased by a fixed ratio until a valid equalized signal is detected.
In this specific embodiment, a current sampling module is disposed on the charging main loop to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system; then when a stable equalized signal is identified, the control system adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM waveform as follows:
firstly, adjusting the duty ratio of a PWM waveform of one period according to the ratio of the estimated equalizing current and the charging current, namely adjusting the duty ratio D to D-I/I, wherein I represents the charging current acquired in real time, I represents the estimated equalizing current, I-V/R, V represents the equalizing starting voltage, namely the preset voltage of the single battery, and R represents the resistance value of a dissipation resistor (in the specific embodiment, two resistors are connected in parallel to form the dissipation resistor); in the balanced state, the single battery is charged and discharged, the battery voltage changes continuously, the balanced current changes along with the change of the battery voltage, and the magnitude of the balanced current is difficult to calculate accurately, so that the balanced current is estimated. Then, the duty ratio is reduced according to a fixed proportion until the effective equalization signal disappears.
In addition, according to the charging current acquired in real time, the control system can also estimate the electric quantity of the battery pack (only by adopting an electric quantity estimation algorithm in the prior art) and monitor the current of the battery pack.
Claims (10)
1. A full charge equalization method based on an effective equalization signal, comprising the steps of:
step1, judging whether a single battery in the battery pack reaches a balanced starting condition in real time; the balance starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, the preset voltage is the voltage when the single battery is fully charged, and the balance starting condition is determined according to the self performance of the single battery; if yes, the single battery reaching the balanced starting condition enters step 2; if not, step4 is entered;
step2, starting an equalizing module connected with the single battery in parallel to shunt charging current, wherein the current flowing into the equalizing module is equalizing current, and simultaneously generating an equalizing signal indicating that the equalizing module is in an equalizing starting state;
step3, judging whether the current equalization signal is an effective equalization signal according to whether the current equalization signal is stable, and taking the stable equalization signal as the effective equalization signal; if the current signal is an effective equalization signal, recording the single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, gradually reducing the charging current in the charging main loop until the charging current in the charging main loop is smaller than the equalization current to cause the equalization module to be closed, and then entering step 4; if not, go back to step 1;
step4, gradually increasing the charging current in the charging main loop until an effective equalization signal is detected, and recording the single battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal;
step5, judging whether all the single batteries in the record send effective equalization signals; if yes, stopping charging; if not, go back to Step 1.
2. The full equalizing charge method based on valid equalized signals according to claim 1, wherein the current equalized signal is determined to be a valid equalized signal by performing jitter elimination processing on the equalized signal to determine whether the current equalized signal is stable.
3. The full equalizing charge method based on valid equalized signals according to claim 2, wherein the determination of whether the current equalized signal is a valid equalized signal is made by waiting for whether the current equalized signal is continuously present; or detecting whether the current equalization signal exists for a plurality of times in unit time, wherein the detection times are not less than 3 times.
4. The active equalization signal based full equalization charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging current in the charging main loop is adjusted by adjusting the pulse width of the control waveform of the main switch module in the charging main loop.
5. A battery integrated system comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series, each single battery is connected with an independent balancing module in parallel, and the balancing modules are started to shunt charging current when a balancing starting condition is met; the method is characterized in that the balanced starting condition is that the terminal voltage of the single battery is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; the equalization module can send an equalization signal to the control system in an equalization on state, and the control system can identify the stable equalization signal as an effective equalization signal;
a main switch module is connected in series with a charging main loop of the battery pack; the main switch module is used for receiving PWM waveform control of a control system;
the control system is provided with a full-equalization charging management program for adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM waveform according to the effective equalization signal condition of the battery pack, so that the average value of the charging current is adjusted by adjusting the on-time in the period of the total switch module: if the effective equalization signal is identified currently, recording a battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal, and gradually reducing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal disappears; if no effective equalization signal is identified currently, gradually increasing the duty ratio until the effective equalization signal is detected, and recording the battery corresponding to the current effective equalization signal; and stopping charging if all the batteries in the record send out effective equalization signals.
6. The battery integration system of claim 5, wherein: the balancing module comprises a power management IC which is connected in parallel at two ends of the single battery to detect terminal voltage, the power management IC is connected with a switching tube in series to form a balancing loop with a dissipation resistor, and the power management IC controls the switching tube to be switched on and switched off according to the terminal voltage of the battery; the power management IC identifies the opening state of the switching tube and sends an equalization signal to the control system, or the equalization signal sending module connected in series on the equalization loop sends the equalization signal to the control system.
7. The battery integration system of claim 5, wherein: the equalizing signal sending module is an optocoupler controlled triode which generates a high-level signal when an equalizing loop is switched on and sends the high-level signal to the control system as an equalizing signal.
8. The battery integration system of claim 5, wherein: when a stable equalization signal is identified, gradually reducing the duty ratio according to a fixed proportion until the effective equalization signal disappears; when no stable equalized signal is identified, the duty cycle is gradually increased by a fixed ratio until a valid equalized signal is detected.
9. The battery integration system of claim 6, wherein: the charging main loop is provided with a current sampling module to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system, and the control system can estimate the electric quantity of the battery pack according to the real-time charging current and monitor the current of the battery pack.
10. The battery integration system of claim 6, wherein: the charging main loop is provided with a current sampling module to collect charging current in real time and send the charging current to the control system, and when a stable equalization signal is identified, the control system adjusts the duty ratio of the PWM waveform in the following way:
firstly, adjusting the duty ratio of a PWM waveform according to the ratio of the estimated equalizing current to the charging current, namely adjusting the duty ratio D to D-I/I, wherein I represents the charging current acquired in real time, I represents the estimated equalizing current, I-V/R, V represents the equalizing starting voltage, namely the preset voltage of the single battery, and R represents the resistance value of the dissipation resistor;
then, the duty ratio is reduced according to a fixed proportion until the effective equalization signal disappears.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114825561A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-07-29 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Active equalization control method for super capacitor group string |
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