CN113054273A - Safe disassembling and nondestructive packaging method for cylindrical lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Safe disassembling and nondestructive packaging method for cylindrical lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113054273A CN113054273A CN202110222096.6A CN202110222096A CN113054273A CN 113054273 A CN113054273 A CN 113054273A CN 202110222096 A CN202110222096 A CN 202110222096A CN 113054273 A CN113054273 A CN 113054273A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种圆柱形锂离子电池安全拆解及无损封装方法，包括步骤S1：剥去圆柱形锂离子电池上的塑料包装纸；使用外卡式切管器切割圆柱形锂离子电池的金属外壳，松开电极帽；S2：根据研究需要通过切割松开处向圆柱形锂离子电池的电芯中注入电解液和/或阻燃剂等添加剂；S3：封装：使用结构胶密封圆柱形锂离子电池的切割口；在电池的正负极焊接镍带；给电池包裹绝缘层，并使用固定装置对电池固定。本申请中，利用切管器可以安全、经济、便捷的拆除圆柱形锂离子电池的电极帽；然后再根据研究需要通过切割处向电池的电芯中注入电解液和/或阻燃剂等；最后进行封装，并采用固定装置对圆柱形锂离子电池固定，确保后续研究能够安全有效地进行。
The invention discloses a method for safe disassembly and non-destructive packaging of a cylindrical lithium ion battery, comprising steps S1: peeling off the plastic wrapping paper on the cylindrical lithium ion battery; Metal casing, loosen the electrode cap; S2: According to research needs, inject electrolyte and/or flame retardant and other additives into the cells of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery by cutting the loosened part; S3: Encapsulation: Use structural glue to seal the cylindrical Cutting openings for lithium-ion batteries; welding nickel strips to the positive and negative poles of the battery; wrapping the battery with an insulating layer and fixing the battery with a fixing device. In this application, the electrode cap of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery can be removed safely, economically and conveniently by using the pipe cutter; and then according to the research needs, the electrolyte and/or flame retardant are injected into the cell of the battery through the cutting position; Finally, encapsulation is carried out, and the cylindrical lithium-ion battery is fixed with a fixing device to ensure that subsequent research can be carried out safely and effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cylindrical lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a safe disassembling and nondestructive packaging method for a cylindrical lithium ion battery.
Background
In order to research the influence of the electrolyte and/or the additive on the battery performance in scientific experiments and repair and reuse of waste batteries in the industrial field, the cylindrical lithium ion battery needs to be disassembled first, and then the button battery needs to be assembled for experiment and analysis.
At present, two mainstream methods for disassembling the cylindrical lithium ion battery are adopted, one method is to disassemble the cylindrical lithium ion battery violently by using sharp-nosed pliers, and the other method is to disassemble the cylindrical lithium ion battery by using a special shell remover. However, both of these approaches have deficiencies. The sharp-nose pliers are used for disassembling, although the cost is low, the battery is easy to have short circuit, the disassembling is that the battery shell is seriously damaged, and the battery cannot be recovered after being disassembled; when the special shell remover is used for disassembling, although the short circuit of the battery can be avoided to a great extent, the equipment is expensive, and the internal environment of the glove box is easily polluted. In addition, the consistency of the aging degree of the internal materials of the cylindrical lithium ion battery is poor, so that the performance of the button battery cannot represent the performance of the original battery in percentage; the packaging recovery method after the battery is disassembled is still a blank stage at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe disassembling and nondestructive packaging method for a cylindrical lithium ion battery, which solves the problems that in the prior art, the battery is easy to have short circuit although the cost is low when the battery is disassembled by using a sharp-nose pliers, and the battery cannot be recovered after the disassembly because the battery shell is seriously damaged when the battery is disassembled; when the special shell remover is used for disassembling, although the short circuit of the battery can be avoided to a great extent, the equipment price is high, and the technical problem of the internal environment of the glove box is easily polluted.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
a safe disassembling and nondestructive packaging method for a cylindrical lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s1: disassembling:
s11: stripping off plastic packaging paper on the cylindrical lithium ion battery;
s12: cutting the metal shell of the cylindrical lithium ion battery by using an external clamping type pipe cutter (model RIDGID 35S), and loosening the electrode cap to ensure that a gap exists between the electrode cap and the metal shell;
s2: according to the research requirement, electrolyte is injected into the battery cell of the cylindrical lithium ion battery through the cutting part and is/are judged
Or an additive; the kinds of the additives include an additive for improving the performance of an SEI film, an additive for enhancing the conductivity of lithium ions, an overcharge protection additive, an additive for improving the safety of a battery, and/or an additive for controlling the content of water and HF in an electrolyte. Different additives are selected according to specific research needs.
S3: packaging:
s31: the cutting opening of the cylindrical lithium ion battery is sealed by using structural adhesive, so that the electrode cap and the metal shell are connected into a whole. The notch is left by the sealing cutting of the structural adhesive, so that the electrolyte and the like are prevented from leaking. The sealing strength is 2.0MPa higher than the opening pressure of a safety valve in the battery.
S32: welding a nickel strap on an electrode cap of the battery to be used as a positive electrode of the battery; welding another nickel strap on the shell of the battery to be used as the cathode of the battery; the battery is convenient to charge and discharge in the later period.
S33: wrapping a thermoplastic tube insulating layer on the cylindrical lithium ion battery; the interface is sealed, so that liquid leakage is prevented, and the battery is prevented from being contacted with other metals to conduct electricity.
S34: and fixing the cylindrical lithium ion battery by using a fixing device. The interface is sealed, liquid leakage is prevented, and meanwhile the experimental result is prevented from being influenced by accidental battery extrusion in follow-up research.
In experimental research, the number of batteries needing to be disassembled is small, and a special shell disassembling device cannot be purchased to disassemble the batteries because the cost of the special shell disassembling device is too high. If use sharp-nosed pliers violently to disassemble, the short circuit appears in the battery easily, explodes even to it is battery case damage serious to disassemble, hardly carries out subsequent encapsulation and recovers. In the application, the electrode cap of the cylindrical lithium ion battery can be safely, economically and conveniently loosened by using the pipe cutter; then injecting additives such as electrolyte and/or flame retardant into the battery cell of the cylindrical lithium ion battery through the cutting position according to research needs; and finally, carrying out nondestructive packaging, and fixing the cylindrical lithium ion battery by adopting a fixing device to ensure safety. The method provides a feasible scheme for high-precision quantitative analysis of the influence of the electrolyte and/or additives such as the electrolyte on the performance of the cylindrical lithium ion battery, and provides a technical means for the restoration and reuse of the waste battery in the industrial field.
During the disassembly and the packaging, except for the added electrolyte and/or the additive, the internal material of the battery core is not changed, and the relative positions of the anode, the cathode and the diaphragm in the battery core are not changed; the battery shell and the positive electrode cap are not changed; other components of the internal space of the cell, such as the tabs, are unchanged. The inside of the glove box is operated, and the atmosphere inside the battery is not affected by water and oxygen, so that the battery is packaged without damage.
Preferably, the fixing device comprises a sleeve and at least one end cover matched with the sleeve, and the end cover is provided with a through hole; the battery is arranged in the sleeve, the insulating layer wrapped outside the battery is tangent to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the nickel strap extends out of the sleeve from the through hole.
Further preferably, the sleeve is a bottomless and uncovered pipe fitting and is provided with two end covers.
Further preferably, the sleeve is a pipe fitting with a bottom and without a cover, and the bottom of the sleeve is provided with a through hole; one of the nickel straps extends out of the through hole at the bottom of the sleeve, and the other nickel strap extends out of the through hole of the end cover.
Further optimize, telescopic tip inner wall is provided with the internal thread, and the end cover relevant part is provided with the external screw thread, and the end cover is connected with sleeve threaded connection, the dismouting of being convenient for and regulation battery fastening degree.
Further preferably, an insulating sealing gasket is arranged between the battery and the end cover. The insulating sealing washer is made of a material with good elasticity and good wear resistance, such as a rubber ring, so that the fixing device and the battery are prevented from generating short circuit to influence subsequent research.
Further preferably, in step S12, the externally clamped tube cutter is manually used to clamp the battery, the blades of the tube cutter are clamped into the annular grooves at the end of the battery, the operator holds the battery with one hand, holds the tube cutter with the other hand, rotates the tube cutter, and continuously pushes the blades forward during the rotation to release the electrode cap. The battery shell corresponding to the annular groove of the cylindrical lithium ion battery is hollow, so that the annular cutting at the position cannot press the internal structure of the battery cell, the short circuit condition cannot occur, and the safety is realized; and the blade of the pipe cutter is clamped into the annular groove at the end part of the battery, so that the cutting and positioning are accurate and the operation is convenient.
And further optimizing, wrapping the bonded structural adhesive by using a high-temperature-resistant adhesive tape after the step S31.
Further preferably, in step S33, the cylindrical lithium ion battery is sleeved with a thermoplastic tube.
Further optimizing, the disassembling and packaging processes of the cylindrical lithium ion battery are operated under the inert atmosphere environment of the glove box, and oxygen and water are isolated. When the battery is disassembled in the atmospheric environment, the electric quantity of the battery is preferably set to be 0% SOC; when the high-power battery is disassembled, the basin water is placed beside the high-power battery, and when the temperature of the short circuit shell of the battery rises, the battery is quickly thrown into the water. The disassembly process is preferably conducted in a fume hood and labor protection equipment including, but not limited to, protective masks, fire suits, gloves, etc. is worn.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the application, the electrode cap of the cylindrical lithium ion battery can be safely, economically and conveniently loosened by using the pipe cutter; then injecting additives such as electrolyte and/or flame retardant into the battery cell of the cylindrical lithium ion battery through the cutting position according to research needs; and finally, carrying out nondestructive packaging, and fixing the cylindrical lithium ion battery by adopting a fixing device to ensure safety. The method provides a feasible scheme for high-precision quantitative analysis of the influence of additives such as electrolyte and/or flame retardant on the performance of the cylindrical lithium ion battery, and provides a technical means for the restoration and reuse of the waste battery in the industrial field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for safely disassembling and nondestructively packaging a cylindrical lithium ion battery according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the fixing device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for safely disassembling and nondestructively packaging a cylindrical lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s1: disassembling:
s11: stripping off plastic packaging paper on the cylindrical lithium ion battery; in the present embodiment, the selected battery is a 18650 type lithium ion battery, as the case may be, in other embodiments.
S12: the battery is clamped by the externally clamped pipe cutter manually, the blades of the pipe cutter are clamped in the annular groove at the end part of the battery, an operator holds the battery by one hand, holds the pipe cutter by the other hand and rotates the pipe cutter, and the blades are continuously pushed forwards in the rotating process to loosen the electrode cap. The battery shell corresponding to the annular groove of the cylindrical lithium ion battery is hollow, so that the annular cutting at the position cannot press the internal structure of the battery cell, the short circuit condition cannot occur, and the safety is realized; and the blade of the pipe cutter is clamped into the annular groove at the end part of the battery, so that the cutting and positioning are accurate and the operation is convenient. The pipe cutter is the prior art, and is not described in detail, the model selected in this embodiment is RIDGID 35S, and is determined according to specific situations in other embodiments.
S2: injecting additives such as electrolyte and/or fire retardant into the battery cell of the cylindrical lithium ion battery through the cutting position according to research needs;
s3: packaging:
s31: the cutting opening of the cylindrical lithium ion battery is sealed by using the structural adhesive, so that the electrode cap and the metal shell are integrated. The end of the battery is sealed by the structural adhesive, and a gap is left due to the loosening of the electrode cap, so that the electrolyte and the like are prevented from leaking. The sealing strength is 2.0MPa higher than the opening pressure of a safety valve in the battery.
S32: welding a nickel strap on an electrode cap of the battery to be used as a positive electrode of the battery; welding another nickel strap on the shell of the battery to be used as the cathode of the battery; the battery is convenient to charge and discharge in the later period.
S33: wrapping the cylindrical lithium ion battery with an insulating layer; and sealing the interface to prevent leakage.
S34: and fixing the cylindrical lithium ion battery by using a fixing device. The interface is sealed, liquid leakage is prevented, and meanwhile the experimental result is prevented from being influenced by accidental battery extrusion in follow-up research.
In experimental studies, the number of disassembled batteries is not large, and a special shell remover cannot be purchased to disassemble the batteries because the special shell remover is too high in cost. If use sharp-nosed pliers violently to disassemble, the short circuit appears in the battery easily, explodes even to it is battery case damage serious to disassemble, hardly carries out subsequent encapsulation and recovers. In the application, the electrode cap of the cylindrical lithium ion battery can be safely, economically and conveniently loosened by using the pipe cutter; then injecting additives such as electrolyte and/or flame retardant into the battery cell of the cylindrical lithium ion battery through the cutting position according to research needs; and finally, packaging, and fixing the cylindrical lithium ion battery by adopting a fixing device to ensure safety. The method provides a feasible scheme for high-precision quantitative analysis of the influence of additives such as electrolyte and/or flame retardant on the performance of the cylindrical lithium ion battery, and provides a technical means for the restoration and reuse of the waste battery in the industrial field.
In this embodiment, the fixing device includes a sleeve 2 and an end cover 3, the sleeve 2 is a pipe fitting with a bottom and without a cover, through holes are provided on the bottom of the sleeve 2 and the end cover 3, an inner thread is provided on an inner wall of an end portion of the sleeve 2, an outer thread is provided on a corresponding portion of the end cover 3, and the end cover is in threaded connection with the sleeve, so that the fixing device is convenient to disassemble, assemble and adjust the fastening degree. The cylindrical lithium ion battery 1 is arranged in the sleeve 2, an insulating layer wrapped outside the battery is matched with the inner wall of the sleeve, one nickel strap 5 extends out of a through hole at the bottom of the sleeve 2, and the other nickel strap extends out of a through hole of the end cover 3. As shown in fig. 2.
In other embodiments, the sleeve may be a bottomless, coverless tube with two end caps.
In other embodiments, the sleeve and the end portion may have other connection modes, such as hinge joint, clamping connection and the like.
In this embodiment, an insulating sealing gasket 4 is provided between the cell and the end cap. The insulating sealing washer is made of a material with good elasticity and good wear resistance, such as a rubber ring, so that the fixing device and the battery are prevented from generating short circuit to influence subsequent research.
In this embodiment, after the step S31, a high temperature resistant adhesive tape is used to wrap the bonded structural adhesive.
In this embodiment, in step S33, the thermoplastic tube is sleeved on the cylindrical lithium ion battery, and after heating, the thermoplastic tube is tightly wrapped on the battery case, so that the battery case has good sealing and insulating properties and is not easy to fall off.
In this embodiment, the disassembly and packaging process of the cylindrical lithium ion battery is operated in an inert atmosphere environment of a glove box, and is insulated from oxygen and water. When the battery is disassembled in the atmospheric environment, the electric quantity of the battery is preferably set to be 0% SOC; when the high-power battery is disassembled, the basin water is placed beside the high-power battery, and when the temperature of the short circuit shell of the battery rises, the battery is quickly thrown into the water. The disassembly process is preferably conducted in a fume hood and labor protection equipment including, but not limited to, protective masks, fire suits, gloves, etc. is worn.
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114696017A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-01 | 广东海中新能源设备股份有限公司 | Preparation method of cylindrical battery positive-negative electrode integrated shell cover |
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