CN113051637A - BIM modeling method for public medical building - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a BIM modeling method for public medical buildings, which belongs to the technical field of BIM modeling, and adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps of 1, scanning a hospital construction site by adopting mapping equipment, acquiring foundation data, building skeleton data, electromechanical trunk distribution data and surrounding environment conditions of the building, acquiring point cloud model data of the site, and establishing a database according to the data; step 2, processing and analyzing the acquired field type data, reversely modeling a field structure by utilizing BIM software according to point cloud model data, dividing building units according to foundation data and skeleton data, and establishing a BIM model for each building unit according to the point cloud model of each building unit on the field; and 3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the medical equipment, and based on the use requirement of the medical equipment, carrying out partition modeling and partition construction on the public medical building, wherein the partition construction is dispersed to the whole, so that the loss caused by errors is reduced to the lowest.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of BIM modeling, in particular to a BIM modeling method for public medical buildings.
Background
With the development of modern medical concepts and medical technologies, hospital buildings are changing from treatment machines to humanized spaces which pay more attention to the health and safety of people, changing from specialization to specialization, changing from isolation from cities to integration into cities, realizing both incremental new construction and inventory modification, refining and humanization the management of medical institutions, and further upgrading and perfecting the combination of medical treatment and endowment.
Under the environment of continuous and high-speed economic growth, China has met with another round of climax of medical facility construction, and no matter the scale or the quantity of the new construction and the reconstruction and extension of medical construction projects is unprecedented in China historically. The demand of Chinese people on social medical care guarantee is higher and higher, the attention to the medical environment is also higher and higher, and the demand becomes a catalyst and a booster for the rapid development of the medical buildings in China at present.
In the modeling process of public medical buildings, modeling is mostly carried out on the whole hospital, a large amount of information can be generated in the whole process, and when the hospital buildings are built or maintained by combining the whole model, once a certain link goes wrong, irreversible loss of the whole public building is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The BIM modeling method has the advantages that the BIM modeling method is carried out on the public medical buildings, and the loss caused by errors is reduced to the minimum by dispersing all the parts into a whole in partition construction.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A BIM modeling method for public medical buildings, comprising the steps of:
step 1, scanning a hospital construction site by adopting mapping equipment, acquiring foundation data, building skeleton data, electromechanical trunk distribution data and surrounding environment conditions of a building, acquiring point cloud model data of the site, and establishing a database according to the data;
step 2, processing and analyzing the acquired field type data, reversely modeling a field structure by utilizing BIM software according to point cloud model data, dividing building units according to foundation data and skeleton data, and establishing a BIM model for each building unit according to the point cloud model of each building unit on the field;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the medical equipment, researching and optimizing the BIM model of each building unit obtained in the step 2 and the three-dimensional model adaptation of the medical equipment based on the use requirements of the medical equipment, and performing module optimization by combining the use and design requirements of academies and designers to perform simulation implementation, collision check and energy efficiency analysis;
step 4, node optimization exists in the adaptation in the step 3, and special materials and special construction modes of pipeline concentrated parts of walls, floors and top surfaces in rooms with special requirements are analyzed to meet construction requirements;
and 5, assembling the plurality of BIM unit models optimized in the step 4 to form an integral BIM building model, and performing data verification on the integrally assembled BIM building model through a building drawing by a building designer.
Step 6, constructing a 3D environment model of the hospital according to the ambient environment condition acquired in the step 1, performing data simulation on the 3D environment model and the BIM building model in the step 5, and preferably selecting an optimal model scheme by referring to user experience information;
step 7, performing simulation on the optimal model scheme in the step 6 through software rendering, and drawing a graph after the simulation is finished;
and 8, completing modeling.
Further, the scanning device in step 1 is a three-dimensional laser scanning device, and the implementation process of ambient condition scanning includes the following steps:
A. arranging a control target: placing a plane control target on a constructed civil engineering in advance to serve as a plane control target encryption control network, enabling an instrument to see enough control points, and arranging 3-4 targets on buildings in the range of each station according to the appearance shape of the civil engineering and the surrounding field conditions;
B. arranging splicing balls: splicing point cloud data measured by each measuring station of the three-dimensional scanner, wherein not less than 3 public splicing balls are arranged between every two adjacent measuring stations, and the 3 splicing balls cannot be on the same straight line;
C. point cloud data are obtained through field scanning: the three-dimensional scanner is erected on the selected measuring points to scan, a measuring closed loop is formed, the scanning result of each measuring point is a point cloud model with space coordinates and the real color of an object and a corresponding panoramic photo, and data obtained by measurement of each measuring point form three-dimensional scanning data.
Furthermore, the data of the three-dimensional scanning data and the construction drawing need to be compared in real time, and if deviation occurs, field surveying and mapping verification is carried out.
Furthermore, the reverse modeling software in the step 2 is any one of 3Dmax software, revit software, rhinoceros software and Geomagic Studio, and the reverse modeling software is accompanied by various plug-ins and embedded with a plurality of temporary BIM model components.
Further, each building unit BIM model established in the step 3 is independently stored, and a data list is correspondingly generated.
Further, the simulation process in step 7 includes a detection module for comparing parameters of the BIM building model in the simulation process with parameters in the database in step 1.
Further, step 7 further includes a model generation module for selecting and generating an optimal model solution.
Further, the ambient environment condition in step 1 includes surrounding terrain data and public system data.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the scheme, the BIM models of the building units are respectively established during modeling, the BIM model of each building unit is independently stored, and therefore when subsequent problems occur or the models need to be adjusted, the units with the problems can be subjected to partition adjustment, and the whole BIM is not required to be adjusted on a large scale.
(2) The method adopts the reverse modeling software to perform reverse modeling, can draw, export and print the three-dimensional effect picture by dragging during modeling, export files in various formats, can customize components and export the components, and can also perform the rationality check of site layout according to the standard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a modeling flow diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a BIM modeling method for public medical buildings includes the following steps:
step 1, scanning a hospital construction site by adopting mapping equipment, acquiring foundation data, building skeleton data, electromechanical trunk distribution data and surrounding environment conditions of a building, acquiring point cloud model data of the site, and establishing a database according to the data;
step 2, processing and analyzing the acquired field type data, reversely modeling a field structure by utilizing BIM software according to point cloud model data, dividing building units according to foundation data and skeleton data, and establishing a BIM model for each building unit according to the point cloud model of each building unit on the field;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the medical equipment, researching and optimizing the BIM model of each building unit obtained in the step 2 and the three-dimensional model adaptation of the medical equipment based on the use requirements of the medical equipment, and performing module optimization by combining the use and design requirements of academies and designers to perform simulation implementation, collision check and energy efficiency analysis;
step 4, node optimization exists in the adaptation in the step 3, and special materials and special construction modes of pipeline concentrated parts of walls, floors and top surfaces in rooms with special requirements are analyzed to meet construction requirements;
and 5, assembling the plurality of BIM unit models optimized in the step 4 to form an integral BIM building model, and performing data verification on the integrally assembled BIM building model through a building drawing by a building designer.
Step 6, constructing a 3D environment model of the hospital according to the ambient environment condition acquired in the step 1, performing data simulation on the 3D environment model and the BIM building model in the step 5, and preferably selecting an optimal model scheme by referring to user experience information;
step 7, performing simulation on the optimal model scheme in the step 6 through software rendering, and drawing a graph after the simulation is finished;
and 8, completing modeling.
The scanning device in the step 1 is a three-dimensional laser scanning device, and the implementation process of scanning the surrounding environment condition comprises the following steps:
A. arranging a control target: placing a plane control target on a constructed civil engineering in advance to serve as a plane control target encryption control network, enabling an instrument to see enough control points, and arranging 3-4 targets on buildings in the range of each station according to the appearance shape of the civil engineering and the surrounding field conditions;
B. arranging splicing balls: splicing point cloud data measured by each measuring station of the three-dimensional scanner, wherein not less than 3 public splicing balls are arranged between every two adjacent measuring stations, and the 3 splicing balls cannot be on the same straight line;
C. point cloud data are obtained through field scanning: erecting a three-dimensional scanner on selected measuring points to scan, forming a measuring closed loop, wherein the scanning result of each measuring point is a point cloud model with a space coordinate and the real color of an object and a corresponding panoramic photo, and the data obtained by measuring each measuring point forms three-dimensional scanning data;
further, the process of measuring the ambient environment condition can also adopt the mode of unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, combines three-dimensional laser scanning equipment, synthesizes and measures the ambient environment to reduce the error that it produced.
And (3) comparing the data of the three-dimensional scanning data with the construction drawing in step 1 in real time, carrying out on-site surveying and mapping verification if deviation occurs, and further ensuring the accuracy of the data during modeling through on-site verification.
The reverse modeling software in the step 2 is any one of 3Dmax software, revit software, rhinoceros software and Geomagic Studio, various plug-ins are attached to the reverse modeling software, various temporary BIM model components are embedded in the reverse modeling software, the three-dimensional effect pictures can be drawn, exported and printed only by dragging during modeling, files in various formats can be exported, the components and the exported components can be customized, and in addition, the rationality check of site arrangement can be carried out according to the specifications.
And 3, storing each building unit BIM established in the step 3 independently, correspondingly generating a data list, and storing the BIM of each building unit independently, so that partition adjustment can be performed on the units with problems when problems occur subsequently or the models need to be adjusted, and the whole BIM does not need to be adjusted in a large range.
The simulation process in the step 7 comprises a detection module, which is used for comparing parameters of the BIM building model in the simulation process with parameters in the database in the step 1; step 7 also comprises a model generation module for selecting and generating the optimal model scheme.
The surrounding environment conditions in the step 1 comprise surrounding terrain data and public system data, and the surrounding terrain and public system conditions can be fully considered in the modeling process through comprehensive consideration of the data, so that the modeling is more suitable for the actual environment, and the follow-up actual construction is facilitated.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: collecting the foundation data, the building skeleton data, the distribution data of the electromechanical trunk and the surrounding environment condition of the building, then, the BIM model of each building unit is rapidly and reversely modeled by utilizing the high-efficiency reverse modeling method of the point cloud and fully utilizing the convenience and the accuracy brought by high technology, and the model of the medical equipment is combined for optimization, test and analysis, then assembling the BIM models of a plurality of building units, combining the assembled BIM models with the 3D environment model of the surrounding environment, carrying out data simulation on the BIM building model, selecting the optimal model scheme, and then drawing a graph, thereby completing the BIM modeling process, the BIM models of a plurality of building units are respectively established, the BIM model of each building unit is independently stored, so that when problems occur subsequently or the models need to be adjusted, the partition adjustment can be performed on the unit with the problem, and the whole BIM does not need to be adjusted in a large range.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A BIM modeling method for public medical buildings, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, scanning a hospital construction site by adopting mapping equipment, acquiring foundation data, building skeleton data, electromechanical trunk distribution data and surrounding environment conditions of a building, acquiring point cloud model data of the site, and establishing a database according to the data;
step 2, processing and analyzing the acquired field type data, reversely modeling a field structure by utilizing BIM software according to point cloud model data, dividing building units according to foundation data and skeleton data, and establishing a BIM model for each building unit according to the point cloud model of each building unit on the field;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the medical equipment, researching and optimizing the BIM model of each building unit obtained in the step 2 and the three-dimensional model adaptation of the medical equipment based on the use requirements of the medical equipment, and performing module optimization by combining the use and design requirements of academies and designers to perform simulation implementation, collision check and energy efficiency analysis;
step 4, node optimization exists in the adaptation in the step 3, and special materials and special construction modes of pipeline concentrated parts of walls, floors and top surfaces in rooms with special requirements are analyzed to meet construction requirements;
and 5, assembling the plurality of BIM unit models optimized in the step 4 to form an integral BIM building model, and performing data verification on the integrally assembled BIM building model through a building drawing by a building designer.
Step 6, constructing a 3D environment model of the hospital according to the ambient environment condition acquired in the step 1, performing data simulation on the 3D environment model and the BIM building model in the step 5, and preferably selecting an optimal model scheme by referring to user experience information;
step 7, performing simulation on the optimal model scheme in the step 6 through software rendering, and drawing a graph after the simulation is finished;
and 8, completing modeling.
2. The BIM modeling method for public health care buildings according to claim 1, wherein: the scanning device in the step 1 is a three-dimensional laser scanning device, and the implementation process of scanning the surrounding environment condition comprises the following steps:
A. arranging a control target: placing a plane control target on a constructed civil engineering in advance to serve as a plane control target encryption control network, enabling an instrument to see enough control points, and arranging 3-4 targets on buildings in the range of each station according to the appearance shape of the civil engineering and the surrounding field conditions;
B. arranging splicing balls: splicing point cloud data measured by each measuring station of the three-dimensional scanner, wherein not less than 3 public splicing balls are arranged between every two adjacent measuring stations, and the 3 splicing balls cannot be on the same straight line;
C. point cloud data are obtained through field scanning: the three-dimensional scanner is erected on the selected measuring points to scan, a measuring closed loop is formed, the scanning result of each measuring point is a point cloud model with space coordinates and the real color of an object and a corresponding panoramic photo, and data obtained by measurement of each measuring point form three-dimensional scanning data.
3. The BIM modeling method for public health care buildings according to claim 2, wherein: and comparing the data of the three-dimensional scanning data with the construction drawing in real time, and if deviation occurs, carrying out on-site surveying and mapping verification.
4. The BIM modeling method for public health care buildings according to claim 1, wherein: the reverse modeling software in the step 2 is any one of 3Dmax software, revit software, rhinoceros software and Geomagic Studio, and the reverse modeling software is accompanied by various plug-ins and embedded with a plurality of temporary BIM model components.
5. The BIM modeling method for public health care buildings according to claim 1, wherein: and 3, storing each building unit BIM established in the step 3 independently, and correspondingly generating a data list.
6. The BIM modeling method for public health care buildings according to claim 1, wherein: the simulation process in the step 7 comprises a detection module for comparing parameters of the BIM building model in the simulation process with parameters in the database in the step 1.
7. The BIM modeling method for public health care buildings according to claim 1, wherein: the step 7 further comprises a model generation module for selecting and generating an optimal model scheme.
8. The BIM modeling method for public health care buildings according to claim 1, wherein: the ambient conditions in step 1 include ambient terrain data and public system data.
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| CN115660510A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-01-31 | 北京东方广厦模块化房屋有限公司 | Shelter hospital building quality management method and system |
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