CN113049404A - Device and method for testing field change of soil evaporation moisture under high temperature effect - Google Patents
Device and method for testing field change of soil evaporation moisture under high temperature effect Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the field change of soil evaporation moisture under the action of high temperature, wherein the device comprises an evaporation device, an anti-deformation restraint device, a heating device, a moisture evaporator and a soil temperature and moisture testing system, and a prepared soil sample is placed on the heating device for soil moisture evaporation testing; and fitting the obtained evaporation capacity which changes correspondingly with the evaporation capacity of the moisture evaporator to obtain the variation of the evaporation capacity of the soil sample with different initial water contents at high temperature along with time. The invention can avoid the problems of water content error and the like caused by diffusion of water into the mold groove, can realize high-temperature evaporation and real-time measurement of temperature and water content in the evaporation process, and quantizes the influence of different high temperatures on soil evaporation while not disturbing the initial structural state of the soil body as much as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-soil model test equipment, and discloses a device and a method for testing the change of a soil evaporation moisture field under the action of high temperature.
Background
Loess has strong water sensitivity, and its strength index and deformation index change greatly with water content. If measures are taken to reduce the water content of the loess to a large extent, remarkable effects can be achieved in the aspects of improving the bearing capacity of the loess foundation, reducing the settlement of the loess foundation, improving the stability of the loess pit slope and the like. The action of applying temperature is an effective means for reducing the water content of the soil body, and the engineering practice of reinforcing the foundation pit by a sintering method reveals a remarkable water migration phenomenon under the action of high temperature. In the past, the effect of natural ambient temperature was mainly considered when determining the evaporation intensity. The device can be used for detecting the change condition of the water field in the loess evaporation process, testing the change of the soil evaporation water field at different higher temperatures, and determining the water migration problem in the loess area for later-stage research.
At present, unsaturated loess shallow evaporation and natural evaporation are mostly simulated, but research on deep evaporation of soil bodies at different temperatures is less, however, geothermal wells, ground source heat pumps, combustible ice exploitation, high-temperature foundation pit reinforcement and the like in actual engineering all relate to the problem of water evaporation in deep soil and the problem of water migration under the high-temperature effect, and the development of the device and the method for testing the field change of the soil evaporation water under the high-temperature effect have important significance on the stable research of the actual engineering in the later period.
The method for testing the change process of the water field during evaporation at present is to open a designed evaporation model device at each test time node in the evaporation process, dig holes on corresponding positions on a soil body, dig out the soil, test the water content by adopting a drying machine drying method, fill the hollowed parts completely, close the evaporation device and continue the experiment. The method has the defects that the soil is excavated and the soil is disturbed to a certain extent before and after the excavation, the structural property of the tested soil cannot be completely guaranteed not to be changed, the water content of the compensated soil cannot be accurately determined, and the change rule of the evaporated moisture field under different temperatures is influenced. And the method for testing the water content by manually digging soil has large test amount and is difficult to finish in a short time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the change of a soil evaporation moisture field under the action of high temperature, and the method can be used for measuring the change process of the moisture field in the evaporation process while the initial structure state of the soil body is not disturbed as much as possible. Finally, the change rule of the soil evaporation moisture field under the action of different higher temperatures is revealed. The device is convenient to disassemble, is not easy to deform, and is environment-friendly and economical in material use.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical means.
The invention provides a device for testing the field change of soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature, which comprises:
the evaporation device is used for placing the prepared soil sample on the heating device for carrying out soil moisture evaporation test;
the deformation-preventing restraining device is used for fixing the evaporation device and restraining the evaporation device;
the heating device is used for heating the soil sample in the evaporation device;
the moisture evaporator is used for synchronous moisture evaporation test with the evaporation device in a natural environment;
soil temperature moisture test system obtains evaporation plant's soil sample water content data along with time, temperature variation, and the evaporation capacity that will obtain corresponding change is fitted with moisture evaporator evaporation capacity, obtains the soil sample evaporation capacity along with time variation of different initial water content under the high temperature.
Furthermore, the evaporation plant includes insulating thermal-insulated U type groove, thermal insulation material and U type groove apron, and the U type groove apron of reservation slotted hole is inserted to insulating thermal-insulated U type groove leading flank, and the soil sample is placed in insulating thermal-insulated U type inslot, and thermal insulation material parcel insulating thermal-insulated U type groove and U type groove apron.
Further, an opening capable of being inserted with a temperature and moisture sensor is formed in the U-shaped groove cover plate, and a gap between the temperature and moisture sensor and the U-shaped groove cover plate is filled and sealed by adopting heat insulation materials.
Further, the deformation-preventing restraining device comprises a screw rod and an enclosing frame which is horizontally connected to the screw rod from top to bottom, and the enclosing frame is sleeved on the periphery of the heat-insulating material.
Furthermore, heating device includes hot plate, temperature probe and temperature controller, and the temperature controller passes through the power cord and connects temperature probe and hot plate, and temperature probe connects on the hot plate.
Further, soil temperature moisture test system includes temperature moisture sensor and host computer, and temperature moisture sensor inserts in the soil sample.
The invention correspondingly provides a method for testing the field change of the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature, which comprises the following steps:
filling the soil material with the set water content into an evaporation device for multiple times, performing interlayer compaction, roughening the surface, filling the soil material again, compacting, coating vaseline on the surface, and covering a layer of preservative film to obtain a soil sample; inserting a probe of a temperature and moisture sensor into the prepared soil sample, placing the soil sample on a heating plate, and carrying out a soil sample moisture evaporation test; meanwhile, the moisture evaporator is placed in a natural environment for synchronous testing; the upper computer obtains water content data of the soil sample, which is acquired by the probe of the temperature and moisture sensor, along with the change of time and temperature, two water content distribution curves of adjacent time are drawn, and the evaporation capacity in the time period is calculated; and fitting the evaporation capacity with the evaporation capacity of a water evaporator to obtain the evaporation capacity of the soil at high temperature.
Further, the soil material with the set water content is the soil material with the temperature difference value of more than 5 ℃ and the water content difference value of more than 4%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts an indoor simulation test method, obtains water content data of a soil sample along with time and temperature changes by a method for synchronously testing an evaporation device and a water evaporator, obtains the change of the evaporation capacity of the soil sample along with time at different initial water contents at high temperature by fitting the correspondingly changed evaporation capacity of the soil sample with the evaporation capacity of the water evaporator, better simulates the test of the change of a loess evaporation water field under the action of high temperature, solves the problems of the change of the water field along with time and the like when a loess body evaporates at high temperature, can measure the distribution state of the water content of each point in the soil evaporation water field under the condition of high temperature while not disturbing the initial structure state of the loess body as much as possible, determines the evaporation intensity of the soil at high temperature, further analyzes the real-time change rule of the evaporation water field under high temperature, and further analyzes the change of the water content to cause the structure of the loess body, The method has important significance for theoretical research such as property change and the like, and provides reference for actual projects such as slope stability, seasonal expansion and contraction deformation of the ground, collapse of a roadbed and the like.
The device does not have the temperature limitation of water bath heating, can control heating temperature more than 100 ℃ to can avoid moisture to the problem such as water content error that the inside diffusion of die cavity arouses.
The device is convenient to disassemble, the evaporation device is not easy to deform, and the used materials are environment-friendly and economical.
The recyclable material with heat preservation and heat insulation is not easy to deform when receiving uneven temperature and moisture.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the distribution of water content in a soil sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a screw; 2-enclosing a frame; 3-soil sample; 4-heat preservation and insulation material; 5-insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove; 6-U-shaped groove cover plate; 7-heating plate; 8-a power line; 9-temperature probe; 10-temperature controller; 11-a leakage protector; 12-a moisture evaporator; 13-an upper computer; 14-temperature moisture sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a field change testing device for soil evaporation moisture under the action of high temperature, which comprises an evaporation device, an anti-deformation restraining device, a heating device, a moisture evaporator and a soil temperature moisture testing system. Wherein, the evaporation plant is composed of a vertical insulating U-shaped groove 5, a heat insulating material 4 and a U-shaped groove cover plate 6; the U type groove of 5 leading flank inserts the U type groove apron 6 of reserving the slotted hole of insulating thermal-insulated U type groove, soil sample 3 is placed in the insulating thermal-insulated U type groove 5 of erectting, the U type groove apron 6 of reserving a certain amount of slotted holes forms a whole through screwed connection and insulating thermal-insulated U type groove 5, scribble waterproof material on the inner wall of the insulating thermal-insulated U type groove 5 of erectting and U type groove apron 6, soil sample 3 has wrapped up waterproof film, wrap up thermal insulation material 4 around the insulating thermal-insulated U type groove 5 of erectting and U type groove apron 6. An opening capable of being inserted with the temperature and moisture sensor 14 is formed in the U-shaped groove cover plate 6, and a gap between the temperature and moisture sensor 14 and the U-shaped groove cover plate 6 is filled and sealed by adopting a heat insulation material.
Anti-deformation restraint device includes screw rod 1 and upper and lower horizontal connection encloses frame 2 on screw rod 1, encloses frame 2 cover on heat preservation and insulation material 4 periphery. Before sample preparation, two small side plates are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove 5 and then restrained and fixed by the anti-deformation restraining device.
The heating device comprises a heating plate 7, a temperature probe 9 and a temperature controller 10, wherein the temperature controller 10 is connected with the temperature probe 9 and the heating plate 7 through a power cord 8, and the temperature probe is connected on the heating plate. The heating plate 7 is connected with a temperature controller 10 through a heater power cord 8, a temperature probe 9 is connected in the heating plate 7, and the other end is connected with the temperature controller 10. The constant temperature of the heating plate 7 is controlled by a thermostat.
The vertical evaporation device is placed on the heating plate, and after the heating plate is electrified, the heating temperature is set through the temperature controller, so that continuous constant temperature is provided for the test.
The soil temperature moisture test system comprises a temperature moisture sensor probe 14 and an upper computer 13, wherein the temperature moisture sensor probe 14 is inserted into a soil sample.
The device is used for testing the field change of the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature, and comprises the following steps:
and S1, preparing the soil material with a certain water content according to the requirements of the soil engineering test. Firstly, connecting an upper computer with a temperature and moisture sensor to measure tested soil materials with different temperatures and different moisture contents (the temperature difference is more than 5 ℃ and the moisture content difference is more than 4%), testing the actual temperature in the soil at the moment by using a thermometer, recording corresponding temperature and moisture content output values, taking 15-30 g of soil materials, sending the soil materials to a laboratory, drying the soil materials for 24 hours at 105 ℃, and calculating the volume moisture content W of the soil materials;
s2, calculating, weighing and preparing the soil material with the required specific water content, and averagely dividing the soil material into 3 parts;
s3, horizontally placing the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove 5, installing end plates at two ends of the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove, installing the anti-deformation restraining device at the outer side of the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove 5, and fixing the anti-deformation restraining device;
s4, the weighed soil materials are placed into the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove 5 from the upper part of the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove 5 for 3 times, the surface of the soil materials is napped after one layer of soil materials are compacted, then soil is placed and compacted for the second time, vaseline is coated on the surface of the soil materials after the third compaction, and a layer of waterproof film is covered for waterproofing; then inserting the U-shaped groove cover plate 6 from the front side surface of the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove 5 and fixing the U-shaped groove cover plate by using screws;
s5, wrapping the heat-insulating material on the periphery of the insulation and heat-insulating U-shaped groove 5, and detaching the anti-deformation restraining device after the soil sample is prepared;
s6, removing the two end plates at the two ends, wherein one side is subjected to waterproof measures, and the other side is not treated; weighing the evaporation device once, then erecting the evaporation device vertically, placing an end plate at one side for waterproof measures on a heating plate 7, connecting the heating plate 7 with a temperature controller 10, and connecting a temperature probe 7 in the heating plate 7; after the power is on, the temperature controller 10 is used for setting the heating temperature to provide a continuous constant temperature for the test;
s7, inserting the temperature and moisture sensor 14 into the soil sample along the opening of the U-shaped groove cover plate 6, and adjusting the temperature control to the temperature required by the test after the leakage protector 11 is powered on; starting the test, and acquiring data through the upper computer 13; a moisture evaporator 12 is arranged indoors, a measuring cup filled with water can be used as the moisture evaporator for the experiment in the embodiment, and the evaporation experiment of moisture along with time is synchronously tested in a natural environment;
s8, the upper computer 13 obtains water content data of the soil sample acquired by the probe of the temperature and moisture sensor 14 along with time and temperature changes, two water content distribution curves of adjacent time are drawn, see FIG. 2, F (t0), F (t1) and F (t2) are respectively the distribution curves of water content at the time t0, t1 and t2, and the distribution curves at other times are not listed. The soil moisture evaporation capacity in the time period can be calculated through over integration according to the two water content distribution curves of the adjacent time:
in the formula, ρdIs the dry density of the soil sample, f (t)0) Is t0A distribution function of water content of the soil sample at the moment; f (t)1) Is t1A distribution function of water content of the soil sample at the moment; x is the soil sample length;
fitting the evaporation capacity with the evaporation capacity of a water evaporator to obtain an evaporation calculation formula of the soil at the high temperature:
E/E0＝Ae-t/B+C (2)
in the formula, E is the evaporation capacity of the soil sample in unit area; e0The evaporation capacity of the water evaporator per unit area is shown; t is time; the coefficient A, B, C is related to the moisture content w of the soil sample, wherein A is 3.7w +0.39, B is 11w +0.17, and C is 1.3 w-0.09.
In engineering application, the dynamic change rule of the soil sample evaporation capacity with different initial water contents along with the change of time at high temperature can be predicted according to the evaporation capacity of the water evaporator.
S9, after the test is finished, the power supply 11 is turned off and the temperature/moisture sensor 14 is removed.
The invention aims at the problem of water migration change in the evaporation of soil at high temperature in practical engineering, such as geothermal wells, ground source heat pumps, foundation pit heat dehumidification reinforcement and the like, solves the problems of change of a water field along with time and the like caused by evaporation of a yellow soil body at high temperature, measures the distribution state of the water content of each point in the soil evaporation water field at different temperatures while keeping the initial structure state of the soil body as little as possible, determines the evaporation intensity of the soil at high temperature, and analyzes the real-time change rule of the evaporation water field at high temperature.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a soil evaporation moisture field change testing arrangement under high temperature effect which characterized in that includes:
the evaporation device is used for placing the prepared soil sample on the heating device for carrying out soil moisture evaporation test;
the deformation-preventing restraining device is used for fixing the evaporation device and restraining the evaporation device;
the heating device is used for heating the soil sample in the evaporation device;
the moisture evaporator is used for synchronous moisture evaporation test with the evaporation device in a natural environment;
soil temperature moisture test system obtains evaporation plant's soil sample water content data along with time, temperature variation, and the evaporation capacity that will obtain corresponding change is fitted with moisture evaporator evaporation capacity, obtains the soil sample evaporation capacity along with time variation of different initial water content under the high temperature.
2. The device for testing the field change of the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation device comprises an insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove (5), a heat-preserving and heat-insulating material (4) and a U-shaped groove cover plate (6), the U-shaped groove cover plate (6) of a reserved groove hole is inserted into the front side surface of the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove (5), the soil sample (3) is placed in the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove (5), and the insulating and heat-insulating material (4) wraps the insulating and heat-insulating U-shaped groove (5) and the U-shaped groove cover.
3. The device for testing the field change of the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature according to claim 2, wherein the U-shaped groove cover plate (6) is provided with an opening into which the temperature and moisture sensor (14) can be inserted, and a gap between the temperature and moisture sensor (14) and the U-shaped groove cover plate (6) is filled and sealed by adopting a heat-insulating material.
4. The device for testing the change of the soil evaporation moisture field under the action of high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the deformation prevention restraining device comprises a screw rod (1) and a surrounding frame (2) horizontally connected to the screw rod (1) from top to bottom, and the surrounding frame (2) is sleeved on the periphery of the heat insulation material (4).
5. The device for testing the field change of the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the heating device comprises a heating plate (7), a temperature probe (9) and a temperature controller (10), the temperature controller (10) is connected with the temperature probe (9) and the heating plate (7) through a power line (8), and the temperature probe (9) is connected to the heating plate (7).
6. The field change testing device for the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil temperature moisture testing system comprises a temperature moisture sensor (14) and an upper computer (13), and the temperature moisture sensor (14) is inserted into the soil sample.
7. A method for testing the field change of soil evaporation moisture under the action of high temperature based on the device of any one of claims 1-6, which comprises the following steps:
filling the soil material with the set water content w into an evaporation device for multiple times, roughening the surface after interlayer compaction, filling and compacting the soil material again, coating vaseline on the surface, and covering a layer of waterproof film to obtain a soil sample;
inserting a probe of a temperature and moisture sensor into the prepared soil sample, placing the soil sample on a heating plate, and carrying out a soil sample moisture evaporation test; meanwhile, the moisture evaporator is placed in a natural environment for synchronous testing;
the upper computer obtains water content data of the soil sample, which is acquired by the probe of the temperature and moisture sensor, along with the change of time and temperature, two water content distribution curves of adjacent time are drawn, and the evaporation capacity in the time period is calculated;
and fitting the evaporation capacity with the evaporation capacity of a water evaporator to obtain the evaporation capacity of the soil at high temperature.
8. The method for testing the field change of the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature according to claim 7, wherein the evaporation amount in adjacent time periods is calculated according to the formula:
in the formula, ρdIs the dry density of the soil sample, f (t)0) Is t0A distribution function of water content of the soil sample at the moment; f (t)1) Is t1A distribution function of water content of the soil sample at the moment; and x is the soil sample length.
9. The method for testing the field change of the soil evaporated moisture under the action of high temperature as claimed in claim 7, wherein the calculation formula of the evaporation capacity of the evaporation device and the evaporation capacity of the moisture evaporator is as follows:
E/E0＝Ae-t/B+C (2)
in the formula, E is the evaporation capacity of the soil sample in unit area; e0The evaporation capacity of the water evaporator per unit area is shown; t is time; A. b, C are the coefficients for the water content w of the soil sample, where a is 3.7w +0.39, B is 11w +0.17, and C is 1.3 w-0.09.
10. The method for testing the field change of the evaporated moisture in the soil under the action of the high temperature as claimed in claim 7, wherein the soil with the set moisture content is the soil with the temperature difference of more than 5 ℃ and the moisture content difference of more than 4%.
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| CN202110256509.2A CN113049404B (en) | 2021-03-09 | Device and method for testing change of soil evaporation moisture field under high temperature effect |
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| CN202110256509.2A CN113049404B (en) | 2021-03-09 | Device and method for testing change of soil evaporation moisture field under high temperature effect |
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| CN113049404A true CN113049404A (en) | 2021-06-29 |
| CN113049404B CN113049404B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN113504270A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-10-15 | 中南大学 | Cohesive soil water content tester and method based on heating vaporization method |
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