CN113047632A - Prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column and floor combined building construction method - Google Patents
Prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column and floor combined building construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113047632A CN113047632A CN202110412703.5A CN202110412703A CN113047632A CN 113047632 A CN113047632 A CN 113047632A CN 202110412703 A CN202110412703 A CN 202110412703A CN 113047632 A CN113047632 A CN 113047632A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
- E04B1/5806—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a cross-section having an open profile
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
- E04B1/5825—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section
- E04B1/5831—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially rectangular form
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/82—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge characterised by the manner in which edges are connected to the building; Means therefor; Special details of easily-removable partitions as far as related to the connection with other parts of the building
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
- E04C3/293—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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- E04B2103/02—Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like of ceramics, concrete or other stone-like material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2103/00—Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like
- E04B2103/06—Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like of metal
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building construction method for combining a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, a prefabricated steel-concrete column and a floor slab, wherein the building is formed by assembling the prefabricated steel-concrete beam, the prefabricated steel-concrete column, the floor bearing plate and/or a partition plate on the basis of a building; the construction method comprises the following steps: mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete column on a house foundation; mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete beam on the prefabricated steel-concrete column; mounting floor bearing plates between the prefabricated steel-concrete beams; after the frame is completed, partition boards are installed among the beams, the columns and the floor. The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, standardized production and maintenance are carried out by using a mold in a factory, so that the quality of a product is improved, the production cost is reduced, construction waste is reduced, and the quality of a component is improved; secondly, the steel-concrete can integrate the advantages of a steel structure and a concrete structure, thereby achieving high bearing capacity, high rigidity and good anti-seismic performance; thirdly, the construction is swift convenient and save the advantage of using steel quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a construction method of an assembled house formed by combining prefabricated steel-concrete beams, prefabricated steel-concrete columns, prefabricated floor bearing plates and prefabricated partition plate structural materials.
Background
In recent years, in order to create a 'Chinese construction' brand with international competitiveness, the living and construction department combines thirteen ministries and nine departments to issue documents such as guidance opinions about promoting the cooperative development of intelligent construction and building industrialization, nordo opinions about accelerating the industrialized development of novel buildings and the like in sequence, so as to guide the industrialized development of novel buildings and drive the comprehensive transformation and upgrading of the building industry. In order to accelerate the industrial upgrading of buildings and to vigorously develop assembly type buildings, the establishment of specialized, large-scale and information production systems based on standard components is inevitably promoted.
The fabricated building is a building fabricated by prefabricated parts on a construction site, is a great change of a construction mode, and is a main representative of industrialization of a novel building.
Currently, the assembly type building technology adopted in China mainly comes from developed countries such as Europe, America and the like, namely the traditional method of a 'pc' component and a spiral sleeve (a precast concrete component is called as pc for short). Many domestic enterprises participate in the production, various parts and accessories are also completely produced, but the 'pc' component has heavy weight and complex production process, the requirement on a manufactured factory building is high, the requirement on a stacking site is high, hoisting equipment with larger tonnage needs to be selected for installation and construction, and multiple persons cooperate with each other. The size can not be changed on site, only the tailor-made plate can be made, and the splicing precision of the plate is low, so that local mould repairing is often needed. And the pc board is heavy, so that the number of stacked layers is small, and the transportation cost is high. And the like greatly restrict the popularization and the application of the assembly type building. At present, although many domestic institutes and universities have made research in this field and achieved a lot of results, they have not always left the category of pc components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is designed to solve the technical problems and provides a building construction method combining prefabricated steel-concrete beams and columns, light floor bearing plates and partition boards.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column and floor support plate, partition wall plate combine the building construction method, the said house is on the basis of the house to prefabricate steel-concrete beam, prefabricate steel-concrete column, floor support plate and/or partition wall plate to make up and assemble; the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1: excavating, binding reinforcing steel bars and pouring concrete in a construction land according to a design drawing, or finishing building foundation construction by using an assembly type foundation; the house foundation construction further comprises pre-embedding connecting iron members connected with the prefabricated steel-concrete columns according to the design requirements of drawings;
s2: mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete column on a house foundation according to a position set by a drawing, and connecting the prefabricated steel-concrete column, the foundation and a steel reinforcement cage frame into a whole;
s3: mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete beam on the prefabricated steel-concrete column according to the position set by a drawing, and connecting the prefabricated steel-concrete beam and the prefabricated steel-concrete column into a whole;
s4: mounting floor bearing plates at vacant positions between the prefabricated steel-concrete beams according to the set positions of drawings, and firmly fixing the columns, the beams and the floor bearing plates through a supporting system to form a stable house frame structure;
s5: after the frame structure is completed, partition boards are arranged among the beams, the columns and the floor support plates;
s6: after completing one floor, the steps S2, S3, S4 and S5 are repeated to construct the previous floor until the house is assembled and constructed according to the design of the drawing.
According to the building construction method combining the prefabricated steel-concrete beam, the prefabricated steel-concrete column, the prefabricated steel-concrete floor bearing plate and the prefabricated partition plate, in the step S1, vertical steel bars are reserved on the basis of a building according to design drawings, a steel bar cage is convenient to weld with the vertical steel bars, grooves are formed in the positions of the pre-buried iron connecting pieces, and concrete is convenient to pour to protect the iron members after the iron members are connected.
In the step S2, connecting the iron frame reserved at the lower end of the structural solid column and the lower end of the structural hollow column with the iron member pre-embedded on the foundation by welding, welding the steel bars pre-embedded in the iron member of the structural hollow column foundation with the steel bar cage in the structural hollow column, welding the steel bar cage firstly, and then sleeving the hollow column for welding; and after welding and fixing, filling cement composite mortar in the concrete to connect the structural solid column, the hollow column and the house foundation into a whole.
In the step S3, the prefabricated steel-concrete beam is a structural hollow beam, the structural hollow beam is installed at the upper ends of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite structural solid column and the structural hollow column, the prefabricated steel-concrete structural hollow beam is placed according to the position and specification designed by the drawing, the steel framework reserved at the two ends of the structural hollow beam is welded with the structural solid column and the steel framework reserved at the upper end of the structural hollow column, the pre-tied steel reinforcement cage is placed in the structural hollow beam, and the steel reinforcement cage in the hollow column is welded with the steel framework at the upper end of the structural solid column.
In the step S4, the floor bearing plate is a light floor bearing plate, the parts of the light floor bearing plate are arranged according to the position and the specification designed by a drawing, steel bar trusses extending out of two ends of the light floor bearing plate are welded with steel bar cages in the hollow beam, and connecting main steel bars penetrating through the steel bar trusses are also welded with the steel bar cages in the hollow beam; then, the columns, the beams and the light floor bearing plates are firmly fixed by using a supporting system, then the concrete of c30 is poured on the columns, the light floor bearing plates, the beams and the columns are poured into a whole, and a stable house frame structure is formed.
The prefabricated steel-concrete beam, the prefabricated steel-concrete column, the prefabricated steel-concrete floor bearing plate and the prefabricated partition wall plate are combined, and the light floor bearing plate is a light floor bearing plate combining a strong rib steel mesh cement plate and a steel bar truss.
According to the building construction method combining the prefabricated steel-concrete beam, the prefabricated steel-concrete column, the prefabricated floor bearing plate and the prefabricated partition wall plate, the supporting system adopts a quick assembly type supporting system.
In the step S5, the light partition board of the outer wall is installed at the outer wall part, the light partition board of the inner wall is installed at the inner wall part, and the light partition boards of the inner wall are arranged according to the distribution and direction of the installed structural columns, so that the ribs of the structural columns are hidden in the partition boards to form hidden columns, thereby achieving the beautiful effect.
The prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor bearing plate and partition board combined house building method is characterized in that the light partition board is a partition board combined by steel fillets, steel meshes, foam and cement composite mortar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor bearing plate and partition plate combined house is produced and maintained in a standardized mode by using a mold in a factory, so that the product quality is improved, the production cost is reduced, the construction waste is reduced, and the building quality is greatly improved.
The steel-concrete composite structure is an important structural form developed after a steel structure and a concrete structure, and the advantages of the steel structure and the concrete structure can be integrated by the steel-concrete through a reasonable combination mode, so that the steel-concrete composite structure has the advantages of high bearing capacity, high rigidity, good anti-seismic performance, quickness and convenience in construction, steel consumption saving and the like.
The concrete implementation of the steel-concrete combined structure is that the steel sections or steel plates are welded into a steel skeleton, and concrete is poured on the steel skeleton, the periphery and/or the interior of the steel skeleton, so that the steel sections or the steel skeleton and the concrete form a whole structure with stress and deformation coordination. The steel-concrete combined structure can give full play to the respective superiority of two materials and overcome the respective disadvantages, so that the working performance of the steel-concrete combined structure is more superior than that of a structure made of a single material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic rear structural view of a house pillar according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rear structure of the beam of the house of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the house covered with the floor support plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the house with partition boards;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the component-partition structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the component-partition plate of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a member used in the present invention, fillet a;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a foam board construction as a component used in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-round column structure according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a pressed iron plate for a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-circular column according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-round column fillet reinforcing and pressing iron plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-circular column according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-L-shaped column according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-L-shaped column according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a pressed iron plate for a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-L-shaped column according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-L-shaped column fillet reinforcing and pressing iron plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-T-shaped column structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-T-shaped column according to the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a pressed iron plate structure for a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-T-shaped column according to the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-T-shaped column fillet reinforcing and pressing iron plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-square column structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-square column according to the present invention;
fig. 23 is a schematic view of a pressed iron plate structure for a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-square column according to the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite column-square column fillet reinforcing and pressing iron plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite beam according to the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a prefabricated steel-concrete composite beam according to the present invention;
fig. 27 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a pressed iron plate for a prefabricated steel-concrete composite beam according to the present invention;
FIG. 28 is a schematic view of a prefabricated steel-concrete composite beam fillet reinforcing pressed iron plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 29 is a schematic view of a floor deck according to the present invention;
FIG. 30 is a side cross-sectional view of a floor deck according to the present invention;
fig. 31 is a schematic view of a structure of a member used in the present invention, fillet B;
FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the deck plate-fillet truss structure of the present invention;
fig. 33 is a schematic view of a pre-mold for a floor deck according to the present invention.
Description of the drawings: FIGS. 1-4 Overall: the steel bar-reinforced concrete floor slab comprises steel bars (5), rectangular columns (10), T-shaped columns (11), L-shaped columns (12), square columns (13), hollow beams (14), floor bearing plates (15) and partition plates (16);
fig. 5-8 partition panel (16): c-shaped steel battens (1), steel wire meshes (4), cement composite mortar (8) and foam boards (9);
FIGS. 9-12 circular columns: the concrete-reinforced concrete composite floor slab comprises C-shaped steel battens (1), a pressed round iron plate (22), concrete (3) and a fillet round hoop (24);
FIGS. 13-16L-shaped post (12): the steel bar concrete column comprises C-shaped steel battens (1), pressed L-shaped iron plates (32), concrete (3) and L-shaped hoops (34) of the battens;
FIGS. 17-20T-shaped post (11): the steel bar concrete column comprises C-shaped steel battens (1), a pressed T iron plate (42), concrete (3) and a T hoop (44) for the battens;
FIGS. 21-24 Square columns: the concrete-reinforced concrete composite floor slab comprises C-shaped steel battens (1), pressed square iron plates (52), concrete (3) and a batten square hoop (54);
hollow beam (14) of fig. 25-28: the concrete-reinforced concrete composite floor slab comprises C-shaped steel battens (1), a pressing iron plate (62), concrete (3) and batten hoops (64);
fig. 29-33 floor deck (15): l shaped steel fillet (71), wire net (74), reinforcing bar (75), mould (76), steel bar truss (77), cement mortar (78), cystosepiment (79).
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention relates to a building construction method of a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor deck plate and partition plate combination, wherein the building is formed by assembling the prefabricated steel-concrete beam, the prefabricated steel-concrete column, the floor deck plate and/or the partition plate on the basis of the building. The specific implementation is as follows: firstly, excavating and binding reinforcing steel bars on a construction land according to a designed drawing, and pouring concrete to finish foundation construction. A fabricated foundation may also be used. During basic construction, set up the pre-buried connection iron component in the position that needs set up the structure post according to the drawing, the position that sets up hollow post is except pre-buried connection iron component, still needs vertical reinforcement to reserve, convenient later with the welding of the reinforcing bar cage in the hollow post. The position of the pre-buried connecting iron component is made into a groove, so that the iron component can be conveniently poured with concrete after being connected.
After the foundation is finished, mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete combined structure solid column and a structure hollow column according to positions set by a drawing, firmly fixing by using an inclined support, connecting a reserved iron framework at the lower ends of the structure solid column and the structure hollow column with an iron component pre-embedded on the foundation by welding, and connecting a steel bar pre-embedded in the iron component of the structure hollow column foundation with a steel bar cage in the hollow column by welding; firstly welding the steel bar cage, and then sleeving the hollow column for welding. And after welding and fixing, refilling high-performance cement composite mortar, and connecting the structural column, the hollow column and the foundation into a whole.
Then, a structural hollow beam is installed at the upper ends of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite structure solid column and the structural hollow column, the prefabricated steel-concrete structural hollow beam is placed according to the set position and specification, a steel framework reserved at the two ends of the structural hollow beam is welded with the structural solid column and a steel framework reserved at the upper end of the structural hollow column, a pre-tied steel reinforcement cage is placed in the structural hollow beam, and the steel reinforcement cage in the structural hollow beam is welded with the steel reinforcement cage in the structural hollow column and the steel framework at the upper end of the structural solid column.
And after the installation of the cross beams is finished, installing the light floor support plate at a vacant position between the cross beams. Arrange the portion according to set position, specification with light building carrier plate, the steel bar truss that light building carrier plate both ends stretched out and the steel bar cage welded connection in the hollow beam, the connection owner reinforcing bar that passes in the follow steel bar truss also with the steel bar cage welded connection in the hollow beam of structure. Then, the columns, the beams and the floor bearing plates are firmly fixed by using the quick assembly type supporting system, then the concrete of c30 is poured on the columns, the floors, the beams and the columns are poured into a whole, and the stable house frame structure is formed.
After the frame is completed, light partition boards are installed among the beams, the columns and the floor. The installation of light partition plate is according to outer wall position installation outer wall wallboard, and the principle of interior wall partition plate is installed at interior wall position, and interior wall partition plate installation is arranged according to the distribution and the direction of the structure post that has installed, lets the rib of structure post hide in partition plate, forms stealthy post to reach pleasing to the eye effect.
With the installation of the partition wall board, the building structure of one floor is built. More than two floors are constructed according to the method, and the house is completely constructed.
1. The integral scheme of house construction:
firstly, mounting prefabricated steel-concrete columns on a house foundation, wherein the prefabricated steel-concrete columns comprise rectangular columns 10, T-shaped columns 11, L-shaped columns 12 and square columns 13, the square columns 13 are hollow columns which are sleeved on a reinforcement cage, and reinforcing steel bars 5 are exposed at the upper ends of the square columns, as shown in figure 1; the rectangular column 10 is similar to the T-shaped column 1 in structure and processing mode, but the shape of the steel plate is different, and the cross section of the rectangular column is a solid or hollow column inside; the round column is similar to the square column 13 in function and function, and can be replaced with each other according to the field requirement.
And secondly, mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete beam on the prefabricated steel-concrete column, wherein the prefabricated steel-concrete beam adopts a structural hollow beam 14, as shown in figure 2.
Thirdly, mounting floor support plates 15 among the prefabricated steel-concrete beams, wherein the floor support plates 15 are light floor support plates, as shown in fig. 3.
Fourthly, after the frame is completed, the partition boards 16 are installed among the beams, the columns and the floor, and the partition boards 16 are light partition boards, as shown in fig. 4.
2. Partition plate technical scheme
Partition boards have become more and more widely used as internal partitions for buildings instead of red bricks and building blocks, and partition boards of various materials and different processes are widely used. The partition board produced by the scheme has the advantages of light weight, high strength, water resistance, fire resistance, sound insulation, heat insulation, simple production process, less equipment investment and easy popularization.
As shown in figures 5-8, the scheme adopts a light partition board combining steel battens, iron nets, foam and high-performance cement composite mortar, and the partition board 16 has the length of 3000mm, the width of 600mm and the thickness of 60-100 mm. The concrete components are steel fillets with C-shaped grooves pressed by steel sheets, a steel wire mesh with more than one centimeter of aperture, a pressed foam board with edge grooves and high-performance cement composite mortar.
The steel fillet is a C-shaped steel fillet 1 formed by pressing steel into a C-shaped groove, the thickness of the steel is 0.5-1mm, the width of the C-shaped steel fillet 1 is 30-50mm, the height of the C-shaped steel fillet is 10-15mm, and the folded edge is 3-5 mm.
The steel wire mesh 4 is a galvanized electric welding mesh with the wire diameter of about 0.5-1mm and the aperture of about 10-20 mm.
The foam is a foam board 9 with a corrugated edge groove, which is pressed by EPS \ XPS \ SEPS foam.
The high-performance cement composite mortar 8 is prepared by doping polypropylene fibers, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, and superfine admixtures such as silica fume, fly ash and the like into common cement mortar. The high-performance cement composite mortar 8 not only has very high tensile strength and compressive strength, but also has good bonding strength and toughness. Compared with common cement mortar, the high-performance cement composite mortar has the characteristics of good water retention, fluidity and working degree before curing and high compressive and tensile strength after hardening.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: firstly, the glass fiber is pasted on the pressed foam board, and the effect of the glass fiber is to ensure that cement mortar can be firmly connected with the foam board. And then cement mortar is smeared in the edge grooves and two sides of the pressed foam board, pressed C-shaped steel fillets are embedded in the mortar of the edge grooves and the grooves on the two sides of the foam board, a steel wire mesh is laid, anti-crack cement mortar is laid on the foam board through a grout passing machine, and the finished specification and shape of the wallboard are pulled out to form one surface of the partition board. And after one surface is solidified, finishing the manufacture of the other surface of the partition board by the same method.
3. Technical scheme for prefabricating steel-concrete column and prefabricated steel-concrete beam
The steel-concrete composite structure is an important structural form developed after a steel structure and a concrete structure, and the composite structure can integrate the advantages of the steel structure and the concrete structure through a reasonable combination mode. The prefabricated steel-concrete column is a novel building component, and can greatly improve the strength of the building component, reduce the weight of the building component and improve the production efficiency. The advantages of high bearing capacity, high rigidity, good anti-seismic performance, rapid and convenient construction, steel consumption saving and the like are achieved.
The concrete implementation of the prefabricated steel-concrete column and beam is that the steel skeleton is welded by utilizing section steel or steel plates, and then concrete is poured on, around or in the steel skeleton, so that the section steel and the concrete form an integral structure with common stress and deformation coordination. The steel and concrete structures are made into prefabricated building components, so that the weight problem of the structural components is solved, and the firmness problem of combination of the steel plates and the concrete is solved.
In order to solve the weight problem of a prefabricated structural member, the weight of a steel plate must be reduced, the thickness of concrete is reduced, the cost of the prefabricated structural member is reduced, a thin steel plate and the thin concrete are firmly connected, the strength is increased, a method for pouring concrete by reinforcing the steel plate through a steel fillet is provided, and the problem can be solved.
The steel concrete composite member with the prefabricated steel battens is divided into a prefabricated steel-concrete solid column and a hollow column,
the prefabricated steel-concrete solid column comprises a T-shaped column and an L-shaped column. As shown in fig. 13 to 16, the L-shaped column 12 is constituted by: c-shaped steel battens 1, pressed L-shaped iron plates 32, concrete 3 and L-shaped anchor ears 34 of the battens.
As shown in fig. 17 to 20, the T-shaped column 11 is constituted by: c-shaped steel battens 1, pressed T-shaped iron plates 42, concrete 3 and battens T hoops 44.
The prefabricated steel-concrete solid column includes: square cavity columns and circular cavity columns. As shown in fig. 9 to 12, the circular column is constructed by C-type steel battens 1, pressed round iron plates 22, concrete 3, and a batten circular hoop 24.
As shown in fig. 21 to 24, the square column 13 is constituted by: c-shaped steel battens 1, a pressed square iron plate 52, concrete 3 and a batten square hoop 54.
The processing method of the solid column comprises the following steps of; the steel plate is firstly pressed according to the specification and the shape of a prefabricated part, in order to enhance the stress strength of the steel plate, the longitudinal outer edge of the steel plate is folded into a rib edge, pressed steel fillets are welded on two surfaces of the steel plate, the steel fillets are hollow C-shaped grooves, the back-attached steel plate plays a role in reinforcing the main steel plate, and meanwhile, the opening C-shaped notches of the steel fillets can play a role in riveting a steel skeleton and concrete. And welding a horizontal fillet at intervals of fifty centimeters or so on the longitudinal fillets to form the anchor ear so as to form the grid steel skeleton. And placing the manufactured steel skeleton into a mold for pouring a concrete member, firmly fixing, pouring fine aggregate concrete, and removing the mold after the concrete is cured and solidified to finish the manufacture of the solid column.
The hollow column is produced through setting longitudinal and transverse steel ribs in the outer frame of pressed steel plate cavity, setting in prefabricated mold, pouring fine aggregate concrete, curing and demolding.
As shown in fig. 25-28, the components of the hollow beam 14 include: the processing method of the C-shaped steel batten 1, the pressed iron plate 62, the concrete 3 and the batten hoop 64 is basically the same as that of the hollow column.
4. Floor support plate technical scheme
Along with the attach importance to and popularization of prefabricated construction in China, the building carrier plate is as the major component part of prefabricated construction, and market is bigger and bigger, and traditional building carrier plate is mainly the popular PC superimposed sheet on the market at present, but the PC superimposed sheet is from great, and every square meter is heavy 150 kilograms, and the installation needs to select hoisting equipment of great tonnage for use, and many people cooperate its construction, leads to the cost of manual work and machinery to be high, and the piece seam precision of board is low moreover, often needs local benefit to establish the template. Although the PC laminated plate is prefabricated in a factory, the production speed is low, the PC laminated plate can only be customized, and the size can not be changed by field cutting. The stacking layer number of the plates is small, the occupied stacking area is large, the investment on equipment and a field is extremely large, and the plate stacking machine can be used by non-ordinary small companies. Because the PC laminated plate is heavy and the number of the stacked layers is small, a large vehicle can not pull several blocks, the transportation cost is very high, and the large-area popularization and use are not facilitated.
In order to solve the problems, a light floor support plate which is light in weight, cuttable, simple in production process, free of large-scale hoisting equipment and convenient to install is provided; a light floor bearing plate combining a strong rib steel mesh cement plate and a steel bar truss. As shown in fig. 29-33, the deck 15 is constructed by: l-shaped steel battens 71, a steel wire mesh 74, steel bars 75, a mould 76, a steel bar truss 77, cement mortar 78 and a foam board 79.
The steel bar truss is a commonly used reinforcing structure in precast concrete members and is generally formed by welding an upper dazzling steel bar, two lower dazzling steel bars and two side web member steel bars. Typically by a numerically controlled automated bar truss production line.
The reinforced steel mesh cement board is produced and manufactured by steel meshes, reinforcing steel bars, ribs pressed by iron sheets and high-performance cement composite mortar through a mould.
The reinforced steel mesh cement board is a rectangular board with standard specification and size, the length of the reinforced steel mesh cement board is 3000mm, the width of the reinforced steel mesh cement board is 600mm, the thickness of the reinforced steel mesh cement board is 12mm temporarily, rib edges with the width of 30mm are arranged on two sides of the wide edge of the cement board, ribs pressed by iron sheets are embedded in the rib edges, and the strength of the rib edges is improved. The steel wire mesh is laid in the plate, the steel wire mesh is a galvanized electric welding mesh with the wire diameter of about 0.5-1mm and the aperture of 10-20mm,
the steel fillet is an L-shaped steel fillet with an L-shaped groove formed by pressing steel skins, the thickness of the steel sheet is 0.5-1mm, the width of the wide side of the L-shaped steel fillet is 25-35mm, the height is 20-25mm, and the width of the narrow side is 8-12 mm.
In order to achieve the effect of high plate thickness and strength, a plurality of six-centimeter steel bars are placed into the rib edges and fixed on the plate surface in production by utilizing the height difference between the rib edges and the plate surface to form continuous stress points, so that the high-strength steel mesh cement plate and the steel bar truss can be conveniently connected together in a welding mode.
Although the specifications of the reinforced rib cement slabs are fixed, the lengths of the steel bar trusses can be set on site, the reinforced bar trusses with the set lengths are utilized, the reinforced rib steel mesh cement slabs can be made into light floor bearing plates meeting the requirements of site construction through simple cutting and bonding, and then concrete is poured to complete floor construction.
The light floor bearing plate combining the strong rib steel mesh cement plate and the steel bar truss is simple in production process, convenient and safe to install and convenient to transport. Particularly, the two materials are connected in a welding mode, the method is simple and feasible, the two materials can be separately transported, the transportation efficiency is greatly improved, the transportation cost is reduced, and the method is favorable for large-area popularization and use.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products similar or identical to the present invention, which can be obtained by anyone based on the teaching of the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A building construction method for combining prefabricated steel-concrete beams, columns and floor slabs is characterized in that: the house is formed by assembling prefabricated steel-concrete beams, prefabricated steel-concrete columns, floor bearing plates and/or partition plates on a house foundation; the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1: excavating, binding reinforcing steel bars and pouring concrete in a construction land according to a design drawing, or finishing building foundation construction by using an assembly type foundation; the house foundation construction further comprises pre-embedding connecting iron members connected with the prefabricated steel-concrete columns according to the design requirements of drawings;
s2: mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete column on a house foundation according to a position set by a drawing, and connecting the prefabricated steel-concrete column, the foundation and a steel reinforcement cage frame into a whole;
s3: mounting a prefabricated steel-concrete beam on the prefabricated steel-concrete column according to the position set by a drawing, and connecting the prefabricated steel-concrete beam and the prefabricated steel-concrete column into a whole;
s4: mounting floor bearing plates at vacant positions between the prefabricated steel-concrete beams according to the set positions of drawings, and firmly fixing the columns, the beams and the floor bearing plates through a supporting system to form a stable house frame structure;
s5: after the frame structure is completed, partition boards are arranged among the beams, the columns and the floor support plates;
s6: after completing one floor, the steps S2, S3, S4 and S5 are repeated to construct the previous floor until the house is assembled and constructed according to the design of the drawing.
2. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated building according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, according to the design drawing, the method further comprises reserving vertical steel bars on the house foundation, the steel bar cage frame is convenient to weld with the vertical steel bars, grooves are formed in the positions of the pre-buried iron connecting pieces, and concrete is poured to protect the iron members after the iron members are connected.
3. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated building according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the structural solid column, the reserved iron skeleton at the lower end of the structural hollow column and the iron member pre-embedded on the foundation are connected by welding, the steel bars pre-embedded in the iron member of the structural hollow column foundation are also welded with the steel bar cage in the structural hollow column, the steel bar cage is welded firstly, and then the hollow column is welded; and after welding and fixing, filling cement composite mortar in the concrete to connect the structural solid column, the hollow column and the house foundation into a whole.
4. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated house according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: in the step S3, the prefabricated steel-concrete beam is a structural hollow beam, the structural hollow beam is installed at the upper ends of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite structure solid column and the structural hollow column, the prefabricated steel-concrete structural hollow beam is placed according to the position and specification designed by the drawing, the steel skeleton reserved at the two ends of the structural hollow beam is welded with the steel skeleton reserved at the upper ends of the structural solid column and the structural hollow column, and then the pre-tied steel reinforcement cage is placed in the structural hollow beam and is welded with the steel reinforcement cage in the hollow column and the steel skeleton reserved at the upper ends of the structural solid column.
5. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated building according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the floor support plate is a light floor support plate, the light floor support plate is arranged according to the position and specification designed by the drawing, the steel bar trusses extending from the two ends of the light floor support plate are welded to the steel bar cages in the hollow beams, and the connecting main steel bars penetrating through the steel bar trusses are also welded to the steel bar cages in the hollow beams; then, the columns, the beams and the light floor bearing plates are firmly fixed by using a supporting system, then the concrete of c30 is poured on the columns, the light floor bearing plates, the beams and the columns are poured into a whole, and a stable house frame structure is formed.
6. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated building according to claim 5, wherein: the light floor bearing plate is formed by combining a strong rib steel mesh cement plate and a steel bar truss.
7. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated building according to claim 5, wherein: the supporting system adopts a quick assembly type supporting system.
8. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated building according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the light partition board of the outer wall is installed at the outer wall part, the light partition board of the inner wall is installed at the inner wall part, and the light partition board of the inner wall is installed and arranged according to the distribution and the direction of the installed structural columns, so that the ribs of the structural columns are hidden in the partition board to form the invisible columns, thereby achieving the beautiful effect.
9. A method of constructing a prefabricated steel-concrete beam, column, floor-integrated building according to claim 8, wherein: the light partition board is formed by combining steel fillets, steel meshes, foam and cement composite mortar.
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