CN113043104A - 一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺 Download PDF

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CN113043104A
CN113043104A CN201911364129.XA CN201911364129A CN113043104A CN 113043104 A CN113043104 A CN 113043104A CN 201911364129 A CN201911364129 A CN 201911364129A CN 113043104 A CN113043104 A CN 113043104A
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ball
hard alloy
shaped groove
grinding
gel
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张勇
张建国
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Yangzhou Vibration Light Machinery Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of metal, e.g. skate blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
    • B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
    • B22F3/1025—Removal of binder or filler not by heating only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/0076—Other grinding machines or devices grinding machines comprising two or more grinding tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺。主要解决了现有硬质合金球珠耐磨性、耐腐蚀性低，成球效率和球度精度低的问题。其特征在于特征在于在原有的成分基础上添加适量的镍、铬来提高粘结金属的耐腐蚀性，并通过双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，加快研磨速度，提高了成球效率，通过偏心距、V形槽圆形半径、上盘转速、下盘转速，提高了硬质合金球珠的球度精度。

Description

一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种硬质合金球珠的加工工艺，主要涉及硬质合金球珠加工的元素成分调配和研磨加工工艺。
背景技术
中性笔，中性墨水圆珠笔的简称，兼具自来水笔和油性圆珠笔的优点，书写介质的粘度介于水性和油性之间，因而比普通油性圆珠笔更加顺滑，是油性圆珠笔的升级换代产品。硬质合金笔用球珠，在我国70年代开始研制，小批量生产后，一贯采有不锈钢球作为笔用球珠的局面被打破。硬质合金球具有良好的耐磨性、耐腐蚀性，以及生产工艺的不断改进制造成本的降低，所以被快速普及。不仅普通配方硬质合全球用于油性笔，而且具有高耐腐蚀配方用于水性、中性笔。它是目前笔头材料使用最多及最可靠的材料。硬质合金材料是碳化钨基合金，碳化钨一碳化钛复合基合金以及碳化钛基，碳化铬基合余等很多合金的总称。笔用硬质合全球珠常规下使用碳化钨基合金。所以在我国制笔行业中，习惯称之为碳化钨球珠。实际上，上述所有基体材料加入一定量的粘结金属，都可以来生产笔用球珠，只不过每种不同的合金都具有不同的耐磨、耐蚀、磁性、硬度特性。行业中往往认为比重大、硬度高的球珠质量较好，实际上是不确切的。应根据不同的油墨及笔头材料合理正确选择才是关键。
本发明将碳化钨、钴、镍、铬和鉬粉体材料与石蜡经过充分混合后，再经挤压、制粒、团球、排蜡和烧结形成毛坯球珠。但是由于毛坯球珠的硬度高，为了形成圆度较好的笔用硬质合金球珠，需将毛坯球珠依次研磨。如采用通用的研磨方法，则效率低下、圆度误差大，还是不能满足书写需要，采用双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，通过电机驱动上、下磨盘转动，将置于下磨盘V形槽中的球状毛坯置于下磨盘V形槽中，达到去除毛坯球珠上的毛刺与棱角的目的，本研磨方式可以通过改变现有的V形槽研磨机实现，适用性较高。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺，在原有硬质合金球珠加工基础上提高球珠的耐腐蚀性、耐磨性，并采用双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式提高硬质合金球珠加工的成球效率和球度精度。
优选地，所述中性笔用硬质合金球珠的基本成分为碳化钨、钴、鉬，其特征在于在原有的成分基础上添加适量的镍、铬来提高粘结金属的耐腐蚀性。所述碳化钨、钴、鉬、镍和铬分别占所述硬质合金球珠总成分的 90%~95%、3%~5%、0.5%~1%、2.5%~4.5%和1.5%~2.5%。
优选地，所述中性笔用硬质合金球珠采用双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，通过电机驱动上、下磨盘转动，将置于下磨盘V形槽中的球状毛坯置于下磨盘V形槽中，达到去除毛坯球珠上的毛刺与棱角的目的。
优选地，所述双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式其特点在于上下结构分布的研磨盘由不同的电机驱动，都可以独立转动，根据需要以特定的转速转动；同时，其下盘所开V形槽所在圆的圆心与下盘转轴有一定的偏心量，能够使 V 形槽内的球体自转角角度在一定范围内变化。
优选地，所述所述双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，下研磨盘采用销钉安装方式，V形槽偏心距离能够随下研磨盘改变。
优选地，所述双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，上研磨盘与主轴采用球面接触，使得上研磨盘能够随着球坯一致性不同而发生细微自调，上下研磨盘的盘平行度要求降低。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供双转盘偏心V形槽结构示意图。
图2为图1的A-A向视图。
图中包括：1.上研磨盘 2.球坯 3.下研磨盘 4.偏心距。
具体实施方式
按以下工艺进行加工：
1.原料混合，将微米级的碳化物、钴、镍以及钼粉状物以投料质量比为90-95：3-5:2-4:0.5-1的比例加入球珠装置中，混合时间大于48小时后，再加入定型剂石蜡，然后用烘干装置把混合料烘干。
2、挤压：按照油性笔用硬质合金球珠的使用规格要求，在挤压机上进行挤压，并把挤压后的产品烘干。
3、制粒：按照油性笔用硬质合金球珠的具体尺寸，在切粒机上进行切粒。
4、将切粒产品放入团球装置中，形成毛坯球珠。
5、排蜡：将毛坯球珠放入排蜡装置中进行排蜡。
6、烧结将排蜡处理后放入毛坯球珠放入真空炉中进行烧结。
7、研磨：中性笔用硬质合金球珠的球坯（2）的研磨示意图如图1所示，将球坯（2）均布于锥度为45°的圆锥形凹槽的下研磨盘（3）上，下研磨盘采用销钉安装方式，通过调节下研磨盘（3）改变偏心距（4）是球珠的研磨精度达到最佳，通过电机对上研磨盘（1）添加转动，促进球坯自转轴角度的变动，增大自转轴角度变化范围，通过电机驱动下研磨盘（3），调节上、下研磨盘的转速对球坯（2），根据中性笔用硬质合金球珠的工艺要求进行若干次粗磨去除毛坯球珠上的毛刺与棱角，再将粗磨后的中性笔用硬质合金球珠进行精磨。

Claims (6)

1.一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺，其特征在于,采用双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式提高硬质合金球珠加工的成球效率和球度精度。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺，其特征在于，中性笔用硬质合金球珠的基本成分为碳化钨、钴、鉬，添加适量的镍、铬来提高粘结金属的耐腐蚀性，所述碳化钨、钴、鉬、镍和铬分别占所述硬质合金球珠总成分的 90%~95%、3%~5%、0.5%~1%、2.5%~4.5%和1.5%~2.5%。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺，其特征在于，采用双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，通过电机驱动上、下磨盘转动，将置于下磨盘V形槽中的球状毛坯置于下磨盘V形槽中，达到去除毛坯球珠上的毛刺与棱角的目的。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺，其特征在于，所述的双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式其特点在于上下结构分布的研磨盘由不同的电机驱动，都可以独立转动，根据需要以特定的转速转动；同时，其下盘所开V形槽所在圆的圆心与下盘转轴有一定的偏心量，能够使 V 形槽内的球体自转角角度在一定范围内变化。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺，其特征在于，所述双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，下研磨盘采用销钉安装方式，V形槽偏心距离能够随下研磨盘改变。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺，其特征在于，所述双转盘偏心V形槽研磨方式，上研磨盘与主轴采用球面接触，使得上研磨盘能够随着球坯一致性不同而发生细微自调，上下研磨盘的盘平行度要求降低。
CN201911364129.XA 2019-12-26 2019-12-26 一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工工艺 Pending CN113043104A (zh)

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CN115056133A (zh) * 2022-05-30 2022-09-16 扬州振光机械有限公司 一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工设备

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CN104608047A (zh) * 2014-12-01 2015-05-13 上海新跃仪表厂 高精度球形零件的批量生产装置及方法
CN206702825U (zh) * 2017-02-16 2017-12-05 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 一种硬质合金球研磨盘
CN107052987A (zh) * 2017-06-05 2017-08-18 南京航空航天大学 应用于同步粗研、精研、抛光球体的加工装置
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CN115056133A (zh) * 2022-05-30 2022-09-16 扬州振光机械有限公司 一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工设备
CN115056133B (zh) * 2022-05-30 2024-03-15 扬州振光机械有限公司 一种中性笔用硬质合金球珠加工设备

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