CN113042194A - Mineral separation process for hematite - Google Patents
Mineral separation process for hematite Download PDFInfo
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- CN113042194A CN113042194A CN202110296777.7A CN202110296777A CN113042194A CN 113042194 A CN113042194 A CN 113042194A CN 202110296777 A CN202110296777 A CN 202110296777A CN 113042194 A CN113042194 A CN 113042194A
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- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 136
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 235000011868 grain product Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a hematite ore dressing process, wherein a gravity separation operation is utilized to separate fine particle products with smaller particle sizes from coarse particle products to form gravity separation side tailings, and the gravity separation side tailings comprise high-grade fine particle products, so that the gravity separation side tailings and coarse-fine classification overflow products are combined to perform magnetic-centrifugal machine operation, the high-grade fine particle products can be recycled, and the fine particle products with recycling value are prevented from directly entering the gravity separation tailings in the gravity separation operation to cause metal loss. The beneficiation process for hematite provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high metal recovery rate and good beneficiation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing processes, in particular to an ore dressing process for hematite.
Background
The hematite ore (such as lean hematite) is generally selected by a method of 'stage grinding, coarse and fine grading, and gravity-magnetic-floating process', i.e. overflow products of raw ores after stage grinding are subjected to coarse and fine grading operation, coarse products are subjected to gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate, and gravity tailings are treated and then returned to the coarse and fine grading operation or discarded. The thickness grading operation has the effect of realizing narrow-level selection, namely, distinguishing fine particles and coarse particle products so as to improve the mineral separation efficiency, but because the grading precision of the current thickness grading operation is limited, part of fine particle products are always mixed into the coarse particle products and enter gravity tailings, so that metal loss is caused, and the mineral separation effect is influenced. In addition, part of coarse products are mixed into fine products and enter tailings to be lost when the reverse flotation process is carried out, so that the metal recovery rate is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a hematite ore dressing process which has the advantages of high metal recovery rate and good dressing effect.
The ore dressing process of the hematite ore comprises the following steps: carrying out coarse and fine grading operation on the hematite to obtain coarse and fine graded sand setting products and coarse and fine graded overflow products; performing reselection operation on the coarse-fine graded sand setting product to obtain reselection concentrate, reselection middling, reselection tailings and reselection edge tailings, wherein the granularity of the reselection edge tailings is smaller than that of each of the reselection concentrate, the reselection middling and the reselection tailings; and combining the gravity concentration side tailings and the coarse and fine grading overflow products to perform magnetic-centrifuge operation to obtain centrifuge concentrate, wherein the centrifuge concentrate and the gravity concentration concentrate form comprehensive concentrate.
According to the ore dressing process of the hematite provided by the embodiment of the invention, the gravity separation operation is utilized to separate fine particle products with smaller particle sizes from coarse particle products to form gravity separation tailings, and the gravity separation tailings comprise high-grade fine particle products, so that the gravity separation tailings and coarse-fine classification overflow products are combined to perform magnetic-centrifugal machine operation, the high-grade fine particle products can be recycled, and the loss of metals caused by the fact that the fine particle products with recycling values directly enter the gravity separation tailings in the gravity separation operation is avoided.
Therefore, the beneficiation process for hematite provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high metal recovery rate and good beneficiation effect.
In addition, the beneficiation process of the hematite ore according to the invention has the following additional technical characteristics:
in some embodiments, the hematite ore comprises 70-75% by mass of ore with a particle size of-200 mesh, the hematite ore is obtained by pretreating raw ore, the mass fraction of iron element in the raw ore is less than 30%, and the mass fraction of iron carbonate is more than 3%.
In some embodiments, the pre-treatment comprises a high-pressure roll-milling operation, a coarse low-magnetic and strong-magnetic operation, and a primary closed-circuit grinding operation, the raw ore is subjected to the high-pressure roll-milling operation to obtain undersize products, the undersize products are subjected to the coarse low-magnetic and strong-magnetic operation to obtain coarse bulk concentrates, and the coarse bulk concentrates are subjected to the primary closed-circuit grinding operation to obtain the hematite.
In some embodiments, the high pressure roller milling screening operation is a closed loop operation consisting of a high pressure roller milling operation and a screening operation, the raw ore is subjected to the high pressure roller milling operation and then the screening operation is performed to obtain an oversize product and an undersize product, the mass fraction of products with a particle size of 2mm to 3mm in the undersize product is 80%, and the oversize product is returned to the high pressure roller milling operation.
In some embodiments, the coarse-grain weak-magnetic and strong-magnetic operation comprises a coarse-grain weak-magnetic operation and a coarse-grain strong-magnetic operation, the undersize product is subjected to the coarse-grain weak-magnetic operation to obtain coarse-grain weak-magnetic tailings and coarse-grain weak-magnetic concentrate, the coarse-grain weak-magnetic tailings are subjected to the coarse-grain strong-magnetic operation to obtain coarse-grain strong-magnetic tailings and coarse-grain strong-magnetic concentrate, the coarse-grain strong-magnetic concentrate and the coarse-grain weak-magnetic concentrate form the coarse-grain bulk concentrate, and the coarse-grain strong-magnetic tailings are discarded.
In some embodiments, the gravity separation operation includes a roughing spiral chute operation and a concentrating spiral chute operation, the roughing spiral chute operation is performed on the coarse-graded settled sand product to obtain coarse snail concentrate, coarse snail middling, coarse snail tailings and coarse snail tailings, the coarse snail tailings are the gravity tailings, the coarse snail concentrate is performed on the concentrating spiral chute operation to obtain fine snail concentrate, fine snail middling and fine snail tailings, the fine snail middling self-circulates, the fine snail concentrate is the gravity concentrate, the fine snail tailings and the coarse snail middling are combined into the gravity middling, and the gravity middling is ground again and then returned to the roughing spiral chute operation.
In some embodiments, the coarse spiral tailings are subjected to weak magnetic middle magnetic sweeping operation, the weak magnetic middle magnetic sweeping operation comprises weak magnetic sweeping operation and middle magnetic sweeping operation, the coarse spiral tailings are subjected to weak magnetic sweeping operation to obtain weak magnetic sweeping concentrate and weak magnetic sweeping tailings, the weak magnetic sweeping tailings are subjected to middle magnetic sweeping operation to obtain middle magnetic sweeping concentrate and middle magnetic sweeping tailings, the weak magnetic sweeping concentrate, the middle magnetic sweeping concentrate and the gravity middling are combined into a mixed middling, the mixed middling is subjected to secondary grinding and then returns to the coarse and fine grading operation, and the middle magnetic sweeping tailings are subjected to tail throwing.
In some embodiments, the magnetic-centrifuge operation includes a fine weak strong magnetic operation and a centrifuge operation, the heavy tailings and the coarse and fine graded overflow product are combined for the fine weak strong magnetic operation to obtain a fine bulk concentrate, the fine bulk concentrate is subjected to the centrifuge operation to obtain a centrifuge concentrate and a centrifuge tailings, and the centrifuge tailings are discarded.
In some embodiments, the magnetic-centrifuge operation includes a fine weak magnetic strong magnetic operation, a fine screening operation and a centrifuge operation, the heavy concentration side tailings and the coarse classification overflow product are combined to perform the fine weak magnetic strong magnetic operation to obtain fine mixed concentrate, the fine mixed concentrate is subjected to the fine screening operation to obtain fine screen oversize products and fine screen undersize products, the fine screen oversize products are subjected to re-grinding and then returned to the coarse and fine classification operation, the fine screen undersize products are subjected to the centrifuge operation to obtain centrifuge concentrate and centrifuge tailings, and the centrifuge tailings are discarded.
In some embodiments, the fine weak magnetic and strong magnetic operation comprises a fine weak magnetic operation and a fine strong magnetic operation, the coarse spiral tailings and the coarse and fine classification overflow products are combined and then subjected to the fine weak magnetic operation to obtain fine weak magnetic tailings and fine weak magnetic concentrate, the fine weak magnetic tailings are subjected to the fine strong magnetic operation to obtain fine strong magnetic tailings and fine strong magnetic concentrate, the fine strong magnetic concentrate and the fine coarse weak magnetic concentrate form the fine bulk concentrate, and the fine strong magnetic tailings are subjected to tailing discarding.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a process for beneficiation of hematite ore according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The process for concentrating hematite provided by the embodiment of the invention is described below according to fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out coarse and fine grading operation on the hematite to obtain coarse and fine graded sand setting products and coarse and fine graded overflow products;
step 2: performing reselection operation on the coarse and fine graded sand setting product obtained in the step 1 to obtain reselection concentrate, reselection middling, reselection tailings and reselection edge tailings, wherein the granularity of the reselection edge tailings is smaller than that of each of the reselection concentrate, the reselection middling and the reselection tailings;
and step 3: and (3) combining the gravity concentration side tailings obtained in the step (2) and the coarse and fine grading overflow products obtained in the step (1) to perform magnetic-centrifugal machine operation to obtain centrifugal machine concentrate, wherein the centrifugal machine concentrate and the gravity concentration form comprehensive concentrate, namely the final output concentrate.
The coarse and fine classification operation is to perform primary classification on coarse grains and fine grains in the hematite ore. The coarse and fine grading grit product is a product with larger granularity, namely a coarse grain product, which is obtained after the hematite is subjected to coarse and fine grading operation, and the coarse and fine grading overflow product is a product with smaller granularity, namely a fine grain product, which is obtained after the hematite is subjected to coarse and fine grading operation. In theory, the size of the coarse and fine classified settled sand product obtained in step 1 is larger than that of the coarse and fine classified overflow product, but a small amount of fine products are often mixed in the coarse and fine classified settled sand product due to the precision limitation of the coarse and fine classification operation. If the fine grain products, especially the high-grade fine grain products, enter the gravity separation tailings during the gravity separation operation without being separated, metal loss and reduction of the metal recovery rate are caused, and the ore separation effect is affected. Therefore, the fine-grained products are separated in step 2 to obtain the reselected tailings, and the granularity of the reselected tailings is smaller than that of each of the reselected concentrate, the reselected middlings and the reselected tailings, namely the reselected tailings are fine-grained products doped in the coarse-fine graded sand setting products.
According to the ore dressing process of the hematite provided by the embodiment of the invention, the gravity separation operation is utilized to separate fine particle products with smaller particle sizes from coarse particle products to form gravity separation tailings, and the gravity separation tailings comprise high-grade fine particle products, so that the gravity separation tailings and coarse-fine classification overflow products are combined to perform magnetic-centrifugal machine operation, the high-grade fine particle products can be recycled, and the loss of metals caused by the fact that the fine particle products with recycling values directly enter the gravity separation tailings in the gravity separation operation is avoided.
Therefore, the beneficiation process for hematite provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high metal recovery rate and good beneficiation effect.
It should be noted that the "hematite ore" in the embodiment of the present invention may be obtained by pretreating raw ore, i.e., untreated ore. Optionally, the mass fraction of ore with a particle size of-200 mesh in the hematite ore is 70% -75%.
In the specific embodiment shown in fig. 1, hematite ore is obtained by pretreating raw ore, wherein the mass fraction of iron element in the raw ore is less than 30%, and the mass fraction of iron carbonate is more than 3%. The pretreatment comprises high-pressure roller grinding screening operation, coarse grain weak magnetic strong magnetic operation and one closed circuit ore grinding operation.
The raw ore is subjected to high-pressure roller grinding and screening operation to obtain undersize products with smaller granularity, the undersize products are subjected to coarse grain weak magnetic strong magnetic operation to obtain coarse grain bulk concentrates, and the coarse grain bulk concentrates are fed into a primary closed circuit ore grinding operation to obtain a primary graded overflow product, namely the red iron ore in the embodiment. Optionally, the mass fraction of the ore with a particle size of-200 mesh in the primary classified overflow product is 70% -75%.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the high-pressure roller milling and screening operation is a closed-circuit operation consisting of the high-pressure roller milling operation and the screening operation, the raw ore is subjected to the high-pressure roller milling operation and then subjected to the screening operation to obtain an oversize product with a larger particle size and an undersize product with a smaller particle size, and the oversize product is returned to the high-pressure roller milling operation for regrinding. The granularity of the raw ore is reduced after the screening operation of the high-pressure roller mill. The mass fraction of the product with the particle size of 2mm-3mm of the undersize product is 80 percent, namely the P80 of the undersize product is 2mm-3 mm.
The coarse grain weak magnetic strong magnetic operation comprises coarse grain weak magnetic operation and coarse grain strong magnetic operation, wherein undersize products obtained by the high-pressure roller milling operation are firstly subjected to coarse grain weak magnetic operation to obtain coarse grain weak magnetic tailings and coarse grain weak magnetic concentrate. And performing coarse-grain strong magnetic operation on the coarse-grain weak magnetic tailings to obtain coarse-grain strong magnetic tailings and coarse-grain strong magnetic concentrate, wherein the coarse-grain mixed concentrate consists of the coarse-grain strong magnetic concentrate and the coarse-grain weak magnetic concentrate, and the coarse-grain strong magnetic tailings are discarded. After the undersize product is subjected to the operation of coarse-grain weak-magnetic strong-magnetic, the product with higher grade (density) can be screened out, and the product with poorer grade (density) (namely, the coarse-grain strong-magnetic tailings) is discarded, so that the efficiency and the effect of mineral separation are favorably improved.
The primary closed-circuit ore grinding operation comprises primary grading and primary ore grinding, primary grading is carried out on coarse-grain bulk concentrate to obtain a primary graded overflow product and a primary graded sand setting product, and the primary graded sand setting product is subjected to primary ore grinding and then is sent back to the primary grading. The ore granularity can be further reduced by one closed circuit grinding operation, and the subsequent sorting of the hematite ore is more facilitated.
Optionally, in the coarse-grain weak-magnetic strong-magnetic operation, the yield of discarded coarse-grain strong-magnetic tailings is more than 15%, which is beneficial to reducing the treatment capacity of the subsequent beneficiation process.
In other embodiments, the pretreatment of the raw ore may also consist of other process steps. For example, the raw ore is first crushed and sieved to obtain undersize products, the undersize products are subjected to two-stage continuous closed circuit grinding operation to obtain secondary classification overflow products, and then coarse grain weak magnetic strong magnetic operation is performed on the secondary classification overflow products to obtain coarse grain bulk concentrates, and the coarse grain bulk concentrates can be used as hematite stones in the ore dressing process. The crushing and screening operation, the continuous closed circuit grinding operation and the like are well known to those skilled in the art and are not described herein.
In the beneficiation process of hematite provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cyclone can be used for the coarse and fine classification operation in the step 1. In the coarse and fine classification work, due to the precision defect of the coarse and fine classification work itself, there may be a portion of the coarse product entering the coarse and fine classification sand sediment product and a portion of the fine product entering the coarse and fine classification overflow product.
The gravity separation operation in the step 2 comprises rough separation spiral chute operation and fine separation spiral chute operation, and the rough and fine grading sand setting product is firstly subjected to rough separation spiral chute operation to obtain rough snail concentrate, rough snail middling, rough snail tailings and rough snail side tailings. The coarse snail side tailings have a particle size less than each of the coarse snail concentrate, the coarse snail middlings, the coarse snail tailings. The coarse spiral side tailings are the heavy separation side tailings. The coarse snail tailings are the gravity tailings.
And (4) carrying out concentration spiral chute operation on the coarse snail concentrate to obtain fine snail concentrate, fine snail middling and fine snail tailings. The concentrate snail concentrate is the gravity concentrate, namely the final concentrate. And (4) the concentrate snail middlings are self-circulated, namely the concentrate snail middlings are returned to the concentration spiral chute operation. And combining the fine snail tailings and the coarse snail middling into the gravity middling. And re-selecting the middlings, grinding the middlings again, and returning to the coarse and fine grading operation.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the middlings are reselected and returned to the closed circuit grinding operation. Returning the gravity middlings to the closed circuit grinding operation for one time can reduce the step of grading grinding, reduce the equipment cost and further reduce the cost of the ore dressing process. In other embodiments, the gravity middlings can be ground again through other steps, for example, the gravity middlings are returned to the coarse-fine classification operation after being subjected to secondary closed circuit grinding operation. Are not listed here.
Further, the coarse spiral tailings are subjected to weak magnetic medium magnetic sweeping operation, wherein the weak magnetic medium magnetic sweeping operation comprises weak magnetic sweeping operation and medium magnetic sweeping operation. The coarse snail tailings are subjected to weak magnetic sweeping operation to obtain weak magnetic sweeping concentrate and weak magnetic sweeping tailings, and the weak magnetic sweeping tailings are subjected to medium magnetic sweeping operation to obtain medium magnetic sweeping concentrate and medium magnetic sweeping tailings. Sweeping the middle magnetic tailings and discarding the tailings. Optionally, the magnetic medium sweeping operation adopts a 3mm medium rod, and is suitable for processing products with larger granularity. Sweeping weak magnetic concentrate, sweeping medium magnetic concentrate and gravity middling (fine snail tailings and coarse snail middling) are combined into mixed middling. The mixed middlings return to the first closed circuit grinding operation, and return to the coarse and fine grading operation after being ground again.
The heavy-concentration side tailings are fine-grained products doped in coarse-fine grading sand setting products. It is noted that these fine products incorporated in the coarse and fine classified sand sediment products include both high grade fine products and medium and low grade fine products. Because the granularity is too small, high-grade fine grain products are not easy to enter coarse snail concentrates or coarse snail middlings through the operation of a roughing spiral chute, and are easier to enter coarse snail tailings as the medium-grade and low-grade fine grain products. If the fine products carry out weak magnetic medium magnetic sweeping operation along with the coarse spiral tailings, the fine products can easily enter the medium magnetic sweeping tailings to be thrown, so that the loss of metal is caused.
Therefore, the gravity concentration side tailings are fed into a magnetic-centrifugal machine which is more suitable for processing fine grain products, and high-grade fine grain products can be better selected and recycled, so that the metal utilization rate of the hematite ore is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic-centrifuge operation includes a fine-grain weak-magnetic strong-magnetic operation, a fine-screening operation, and a centrifuge operation. And (3) combining the gravity concentration side tailings and the coarse and fine classification overflow products, performing fine weak magnetic and strong magnetic operation to obtain fine mixed concentrate, and performing fine screening operation on the fine mixed concentrate to obtain fine screened products and fine screened products. And performing the centrifuge operation on the undersize product to obtain centrifuge concentrate and centrifuge tailings, wherein the centrifuge concentrate and the fine spiral concentrate form comprehensive concentrate. Optionally, the integrated concentrate grade is above 67%. And (4) discarding tailings of the centrifugal machine.
The fine-grain weak-magnetic strong-magnetic operation comprises fine-grain weak-magnetic operation and fine-grain strong-magnetic operation, after the coarse-spiral-edge tailings and the coarse-fine graded overflow products are combined, the fine-grain weak-magnetic operation is carried out to obtain fine-grain weak-magnetic tailings and fine-grain weak-magnetic concentrate, the fine-grain weak-magnetic tailings are subjected to the fine-grain strong-magnetic operation to obtain fine-grain strong-magnetic tailings and fine-grain strong-magnetic concentrate, the fine-grain strong-magnetic concentrate and the fine-grain coarse-grain weak-magnetic concentrate form the fine-grain bulk concentrate. Optionally, the fine-grain strong magnetic operation adopts a 2mm medium rod, and is suitable for processing products with smaller grain size.
Optionally, the grade of the comprehensive tailings composed of the coarse strong magnetic tailings, the centrifuge tailings, the fine strong magnetic tailings and the swept magnetic tailings is in the range of 8% to 12%.
Since a part of coarse products are mixed in the coarse and fine classification overflow products, there is a possibility that fine mixed concentrate obtained after the fine weak magnetic and strong magnetic operations are carried out may be mixed with the coarse products. The fine-grained bulk concentrate is fed to a fine screening operation for separating fine-grained product from coarse-grained product. The product on the fine screen is a coarse product with larger granularity in the fine mixed concentrate, and the product under the fine screen is a fine product with smaller granularity in the fine mixed concentrate.
The fine screening operation is carried out on the fine-grained bulk concentrate, so that the phenomenon that after a coarse-grained product with larger granularity in the fine-grained bulk concentrate is fed into a centrifuge for operation, the coarse-grained product is easy to enter the tailings of the centrifuge and is thrown to the tail, and the loss of metal is caused can be avoided. Therefore, the fine screening operation of the fine-grained bulk concentrate can improve the metal recovery rate and improve the beneficiation effect of the hematite ore.
The centrifugal machine is used for processing the undersize product, and compared with the step-by-step flotation operation in the related technology, the process flow is simpler and the cost is lower. Alternatively, the centrifuge operation may employ a "coarse, fine, sweep" process flow.
And (4) performing fine screening operation on the fine-screened product obtained after the fine-grained bulk concentrate is subjected to fine screening operation, performing ore grinding again, and returning to the coarse-fine classification operation. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the fine oversize product and the mixed middlings are combined and returned to a closed circuit grinding operation.
The steps of the process for beneficiation of hematite ore in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 will be specifically described below.
Step 101: feeding the raw ore with the iron grade of 28.11 percent and the iron carbonate content of 3.45 percent into a high-pressure roller mill for screening to obtain an undersize product with the granularity P80 being 2.72 mm;
step 102: feeding the undersize product into coarse grain weak magnetic strong magnetic operation, discarding coarse grain strong magnetic tailings with the yield of 20.18%, and merging the coarse grain weak magnetic concentrate and the coarse grain strong magnetic concentrate into coarse grain bulk concentrate;
step 103: feeding the coarse-grained bulk concentrate into a primary closed-circuit grinding operation for grinding and grading to obtain a primary graded overflow product, wherein the mass fraction of ore with the granularity of-200 meshes in the primary graded overflow product is 73%, and the primary graded overflow product is hematite in the embodiment;
step 104: feeding hematite ore into a coarse and fine grading operation to obtain a coarse and fine grading grit product and a coarse and fine grading overflow product;
step 105: roughing spiral chute operation is carried out on the coarse and fine graded sand setting product obtained in the step 104 to obtain coarse snail concentrate, coarse snail middlings, coarse snail tailings and coarse snail side tailings, fine spiral chute operation is carried out on the coarse snail concentrate to obtain fine snail concentrate, fine snail middlings and fine snail tailings, the fine snail middlings are self-circulated, weak magnetism middle magnetism sweeping operation is carried out on the coarse snail tailings, middle magnetism tailings are swept and thrown, the weak magnetism concentrate sweeping operation, the middle magnetism concentrate sweeping operation, the coarse snail middlings and the fine snail tailings are combined into mixed middlings to be returned to the primary closed circuit grinding operation;
step 106: merging the coarse and fine classification overflow product obtained in the step 104 and the coarse spiral side tailings obtained in the step 105 into fine mixed concentrate through fine weak magnetic strong magnetic operation, performing fine screening operation on the fine mixed concentrate to obtain fine oversize products and fine undersize products, returning the fine oversize products to a closed circuit grinding operation, performing centrifugal operation on the fine undersize products to obtain centrifugal concentrate and centrifugal tailings, merging the centrifugal concentrate and the fine spiral concentrate into comprehensive concentrate with a comprehensive concentrate grade of 67.43%, merging the centrifugal concentrate, the coarse magnetic tailings, the medium magnetic tailings and the strong magnetic tailings into comprehensive tailings, and enabling the comprehensive tailings grade to be 11.09%.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hematite ore dressing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out coarse and fine grading operation on the hematite to obtain coarse and fine graded sand setting products and coarse and fine graded overflow products;
performing reselection operation on the coarse-fine graded sand setting product to obtain reselection concentrate, reselection middling, reselection tailings and reselection edge tailings, wherein the granularity of the reselection edge tailings is smaller than that of each of the reselection concentrate, the reselection middling and the reselection tailings;
and combining the gravity concentration side tailings and the coarse and fine grading overflow products to perform magnetic-centrifuge operation to obtain centrifuge concentrate, wherein the centrifuge concentrate and the gravity concentration concentrate form comprehensive concentrate.
2. The beneficiation process of hematite ore according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the hematite ore with a granularity of-200 meshes is 70% -75%, the hematite ore is obtained by preprocessing raw ore, the mass fraction of iron element in the raw ore is less than 30%, and the mass fraction of iron carbonate is more than 3%.
3. The hematite dressing process according to claim 2, wherein the pretreatment comprises a high pressure roll mill screening operation, a coarse grain weak magnetic strong magnetic operation, and a one-pass closed grinding operation, wherein the raw ore is subjected to the high pressure roll mill screening operation to obtain an undersize product, the undersize product is subjected to the coarse grain weak magnetic strong magnetic operation to obtain a coarse grain bulk concentrate, and the coarse grain bulk concentrate is subjected to the one-pass closed grinding operation to obtain the hematite ore.
4. The hematite ore dressing process according to claim 3, wherein the high-pressure roller milling screening operation is a closed circuit operation consisting of a high-pressure roller milling operation and a screening operation, the raw ore is subjected to the high-pressure roller milling operation and then subjected to the screening operation to obtain an oversize product and an undersize product, the mass fraction of the undersize product having a particle size of 2mm to 3mm is 80%, and the oversize product is returned to the high-pressure roller milling operation.
5. The hematite ore dressing process according to claim 3, wherein the coarse weak magnetic and strong magnetic operation comprises a coarse weak magnetic operation and a coarse strong magnetic operation, the undersize product is subjected to the coarse weak magnetic operation to obtain coarse weak magnetic tailings and coarse weak magnetic concentrate, the coarse weak magnetic tailings are subjected to the coarse strong magnetic operation to obtain coarse strong magnetic tailings and coarse strong magnetic concentrate, the coarse strong magnetic concentrate and the coarse weak magnetic concentrate form the coarse bulk concentrate, and the coarse strong magnetic tailings are discarded.
6. The hematite ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein the gravity separation operation includes roughing spiral chute operation and concentration spiral chute operation, the coarse and fine classification sand settling product is subjected to the roughing spiral chute operation to obtain coarse snail concentrate, coarse snail middlings, coarse snail tailings and coarse snail tailings, the coarse snail tailings are the gravity separation tailings, the coarse snail concentrate is subjected to the concentration spiral chute operation to obtain fine snail concentrate, fine snail middlings and fine snail tailings, the fine snail middlings are self-circulating, the fine snail concentrate is the gravity separation concentrate, the fine snail tailings and the coarse snail middlings are combined to form gravity separation middlings, and the gravity middlings are returned to the coarse and fine classification operation after being ground again.
7. The hematite dressing process according to claim 6, wherein the coarse spiral tailings are subjected to weak magnetic medium magnetic sweeping operation, the weak magnetic medium magnetic sweeping operation comprises weak magnetic sweeping operation and medium magnetic sweeping operation, the coarse spiral tailings are subjected to weak magnetic sweeping operation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings, the weak magnetic tailings are subjected to medium magnetic sweeping operation to obtain medium magnetic concentrate and medium magnetic tailings, the weak magnetic concentrate and the medium magnetic concentrate are swept and combined into mixed middlings, the mixed middlings are ground again and then returned to the coarse and fine classification operation, and the medium magnetic tailings are swept to discard tailings.
8. The hematite ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic-centrifuge operation includes a fine weak magnetic strong magnetic operation and a centrifuge operation, the heavy separation edge tailings and the coarse and fine classification overflow products are combined to perform the fine weak magnetic strong magnetic operation to obtain a fine mixed concentrate, the fine mixed concentrate is subjected to the centrifuge operation to obtain a centrifuge concentrate and a centrifuge tailings, and the centrifuge tailings are discarded.
9. The hematite ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic-centrifuge operation includes a fine-grain weak-magnetic strong-magnetic operation, a fine-screening operation and a centrifuge operation, the heavy-concentration edge tailings and the coarse-and-fine-classification overflow products are combined to perform the fine-grain weak-magnetic strong-magnetic operation to obtain a fine-grain bulk concentrate, the fine-grain bulk concentrate is subjected to the fine-screening operation to obtain a fine-screen oversize product and a fine-screen undersize product, the fine-screen oversize product is subjected to the coarse-and-fine classification operation after being ground again, the fine-screen undersize product is subjected to the centrifuge operation to obtain a centrifuge concentrate and a centrifuge tailings, and the centrifuge tailings are discarded.
10. The hematite dressing process according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the fine weak magnetic strong magnetic operation includes a fine weak magnetic operation and a fine strong magnetic operation, the coarse spiral tailings and the coarse and fine classification overflow product are combined and then subjected to the fine weak magnetic operation to obtain fine weak magnetic tailings and fine weak magnetic concentrate, the fine weak magnetic tailings are subjected to the fine strong magnetic operation to obtain fine strong magnetic tailings and fine strong magnetic concentrate, the fine strong magnetic concentrate and the fine coarse weak magnetic concentrate form the fine bulk concentrate, and the fine strong magnetic tailings are thrown.
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