CN113040141A - Anti-lodging medicament composition for rice - Google Patents

Anti-lodging medicament composition for rice Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113040141A
CN113040141A CN202110280806.0A CN202110280806A CN113040141A CN 113040141 A CN113040141 A CN 113040141A CN 202110280806 A CN202110280806 A CN 202110280806A CN 113040141 A CN113040141 A CN 113040141A
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rice
lodging
percent
ethephon
uniconazole
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CN113040141B (en
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萧长亮
赵姝
李鹏
王忠森
康明
王立楠
解保胜
那永光
王安东
李静
宋微
李春光
刘文志
杜明
韩炳华
张晓斌
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Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences
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Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/27—Dispersions, e.g. suspensions or emulsions

Abstract

The invention provides a medicament composition for preventing rice from lodging, which consists of ethephon, uniconazole, monopotassium phosphate, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a thickening agent and water. The invention reduces the rice bending moment by properly reducing the rice plant height; the strength of the rice stalks is improved, the bending resistance of the near-earth node stalks and the support force of the stalks on the ears are enhanced in a key mode, and the lodging of rice can be effectively relieved.

Description

Anti-lodging medicament composition for rice
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice lodging resistance, and particularly relates to a medicament composition for rice lodging resistance.
Background
The lodging resistance of rice is determined by the genetic characteristics of the rice variety, the selection of the rice variety with strong lodging resistance is a fundamental way for solving the lodging problem of crops, the lodging resistance of the rice is also relative, and the lodging resistance difference of different rice varieties is large. When the nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the process of pursuing high yield, all rice varieties inevitably face the problem of lodging. In addition, some rice varieties with good taste have poor lodging resistance, and for similar varieties, rice breeders do not culture alternative varieties with good taste comparable to the original varieties and good lodging resistance. At present, the commonly used rice lodging-resistant methods comprise selection of improved varieties, reasonable fertilization, use of lodging-resistant medicaments and the like, but the breeding of the improved varieties requires longer breeding time, and even the bred rice varieties with strong lodging resistance can face the lodging problem in the process of pursuing high yield by farmers. In the aspect of fertilization, the nitrogen fertilizer is too little, the lodging resistance of rice is improved, but the yield is greatly reduced, and the production benefit is reduced; the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, the increase of rice yield and the decrease of lodging resistance, which are difficult to resist the invasion of wind and rain, lead to the increase of lodging loss and harvest loss. Therefore, under the limitation of variety characteristics and the influence of planting level, breeding lodging-resistant rice varieties and reasonable fertilization can only be used as partial measures for rice lodging resistance, and lodging-resistant medicaments are required to provide more guarantee for rice production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a medicament composition for preventing rice from lodging, which can effectively relieve the occurrence of rice lodging by properly reducing the plant height of rice, reducing the bending moment of rice, improving the strength of rice stalks, and emphasizing the anti-bending force of near-soil node stalks and the support force of the stalks on ears. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a medicament composition for resisting rice lodging is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10 to 50 percent of ethephon, 2.5 to 10 percent of uniconazole, 5 to 25 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of wetting agent, 0.1 to 1 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water.
Preferably, the material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20 to 45 percent of ethephon, 3 to 8 percent of uniconazole, 15 to 25 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3 to 0.45 percent of dispersant, 0.15 to 0.18 percent of wetting agent, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water.
Preferably, the material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of ethephon, 5% of uniconazole, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.4% of dispersing agent, 0.16% of wetting agent, 0.5% of thickening agent and the balance of water.
Preferably, the dispersant is lauryl phosphate.
Preferably, the wetting agent is coco glucoside.
Preferably, the thickener is xanthan gum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the ethephon in the agent composition for resisting rice lodging can reduce the whole plant height, improve the dry weight of unit internode length, increase the diameter and the wall thickness of the stalks, and improve the soluble sugar content and the potassium content in the stalks of the plants. Uniconazole is a plant growth retardant with high activity, low toxicity and little residue, can block GA biosynthesis and delay plant growth, and has the effects of controlling growth, strengthening stalks, resisting lodging, resisting stress, increasing yield and the like; in the aspect of plant morphology, the uniconazole can inhibit the elongation growth of the plant height and the expansion of the leaf area, promote the increase of the stem thickness, delay the growth of the overground part and promote the growth of the root system; in the aspect of plant physiological characteristics, the uniconazole can improve the photosynthetic rate of leaves, delay the senescence rate of the leaves, promote the transportation of an assimilate from a source to a sink, and simultaneously has certain effects of preventing and relieving the stress of plants. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate can supplement phosphorus and potassium in plants, and is beneficial to improving yield and thousand seed weight. The potassium can promote the robust growth and development of the stalks, enhance the stalk strength, increase the stalk thickness, the stalk wall thickness and the number of vascular ducts, promote the development of plant roots and play an important role in enhancing the lodging resistance of crops.
2. The medicament composition for resisting rice lodging is used for resisting rice lodging, the two aspects of plant height and stalk are comprehensively considered, the strength of rice stalk is improved, and the bending resistance of a near-ground node and the support force of the stalk to ears are enhanced; the height of the rice is reduced, and particularly the bending moment of the rice is reduced by reducing the length of the section near the ground. The pesticide composition for preventing rice lodging disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the plant height is reduced and the plant type is converged through ethephon stalk strengthening, potassium element required by rice growth is supplemented by monopotassium phosphate, the effect of improving the rice lodging resistance by the potassium element is exerted, ethephon can promote the absorption of potassium in rice stalks, ethephon is matched with monopotassium phosphate for use, the potassium absorption efficiency can be improved, the lodging resistance advantage of each raw material is fully exerted, the rice lodging rate is reduced, the acid resistance and the salt resistance of the formula composition are improved through the matching of a dispersing agent, a wetting agent and a thickening agent, the stability of the pesticide is well maintained, ethephon, uniconazole and monopotassium phosphate are fully suspended in a solution, and the contact area and the adhesive force with rice stems and leaves can be enhanced during application, so that the ethephon is better attached to the rice stems and leaves.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The pesticide composition for resisting rice lodging is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of ethephon, 5% of uniconazole, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.4% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.16% of wetting agent coco glucoside, 0.5% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the medicament composition for resisting rice lodging, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a proper amount of water into a dispersing agent and a wetting agent for dissolving, adding uniconazole and ethephon, dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotation speed of 1000 rpm, adding monopotassium phosphate and a thickening agent, adding water, dispersing for 30 minutes at the rotation speed of 3000 rpm, then transferring the mixture into a sand mill for sanding, sanding for 10 minutes at the rotation speed of 1500rpm, and then continuing sanding for 90 minutes at the rotation speed of 1200rpm to obtain the rice lodging-resistant medicament composition.
Example 2
The pesticide composition for resisting rice lodging is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of ethephon, 8% of uniconazole, 15% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.18% of wetting agent coco glucoside, 0.3% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition for rice lodging resistance of the present example is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
The pesticide composition for resisting rice lodging is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 45% of ethephon, 3% of uniconazole, 25% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.45% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.15% of wetting agent, 0.8% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition for rice lodging resistance of the present example is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4
The pesticide composition for resisting rice lodging is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10% of ethephon, 10% of uniconazole, 5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.2% of wetting agent coco glucoside, 1% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition for rice lodging resistance of the present example is the same as that of example 1.
Example 5
The pesticide composition for resisting rice lodging is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50% of ethephon, 2.5% of uniconazole, 25% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.1% of wetting agent, 0.1% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition for rice lodging resistance of the present example is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1
The medicament composition for resisting lodging of rice of the comparative example is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of uniconazole, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.4% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.16% of wetting agent coco glucoside, 0.5% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition of this comparative example was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The medicament composition for resisting lodging of rice of the comparative example is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of ethephon, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.4% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.16% of wetting agent coco glucoside, 0.5% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition of this comparative example was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The medicament composition for resisting lodging of rice of the comparative example is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of ethephon, 5% of uniconazole, 0.4% of dispersant lauryl phosphate, 0.16% of wetting agent coco glucoside, 0.5% of thickening agent xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition of this comparative example was the same as in example 1.
Each of the agents of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was used in a field test for lodging resistance of rice in the scientific park of the Rice institute of agricultural cultivation academy of sciences in Heilongjiang province in 2019. The test variety is cultivated rice 12 (main stem 12 leaves, easy lodging variety). The pH value of the plough layer is 6.2, and the plough layer contains 3.824% of organic matter, 190.38mg/kg of available nitrogen, 23.71mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus and 195.62mg/kg of quick-acting potassium.
The dosage of the medicament is 600g/hm2The same amount of clear water was sprayed as a control. Spraying the stem and leaf in the elongation period of 8 leaves of rice, namely 9 leaves, wherein the water consumption per cell is 225L/hm2And (4) calculating the dosage. The length of the cell is 6m, the width is 3m, and the planting density is 30cm multiplied by 12 cm. Randomized block design, 2 replicates. Soaking seeds in 15 days in 4 months, sowing seeds in 20 days in 4 months, transplanting the seedlings 3 leaves and 1 heart in 20 days in 5 months, and transplanting 4 seedlings in each hole. Except for the treatment, other cultivation measures are carried out according to the conventional operation. Fertilizer operation: the dosage of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) in the whole growth period is 250kg/hm2The fertilizer is applied for 4 times, and the fertilizer application proportion is base fertilizer: and (3) fertilizing the tillers: fertilizer adjustment: the spike fertilizer is applied in soil preparation, 4 leaf stage, 8 leaf stage and 10 leaf stage of rice respectively at 4:3:2: 1; the dosage of phosphate fertilizer (diamine) is 100kg/hm2All the fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer; potassium fertilizer (potassium sulfate)) The dosage is 100kg/hm2Wherein 60 percent of the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer and the rest 40 percent of the fertilizer is applied as a spike fertilizer.
Determination of lodging parameters: in the later stage of rice grouting, stem tiller number per unit area of each cell is investigated, the average value of each hole is calculated, 3 holes of plants with consistent growth vigor are taken for plant analysis according to the average number of each cell, and main stems are separated for measuring the indexes such as breaking resistance, bending moment, lodging index, internode length, internode thickness and the like.
And (3) determining the stalk breaking strength: the method comprises the steps of reserving part of root systems of rice plants to be detected in the field, putting the roots into whole holes, taking out, temporarily storing, carrying out stem cutting, removing leaf sheaths, leaves and rice ears of main stems, decomposing each section, and measuring by using a YYD-1A type stem strength measuring instrument (produced by Topu instruments Co., Ltd., Zhejiang). During measurement, a internode to be measured is placed on a measuring device, the internode corresponds to the middle point of the sensing part of the measuring device, the stalk strength measuring instrument is used for pressing the stalks downwards, the reading of the instrument is recorded after the stalks are broken, the distance between the fulcrums is 5cm, the internode length is not 5cm, the fulcrums are not used, the stalks are flatly placed below the instrument, and the time when the stalks are just crushed is used as the measurement ending time.
Determination of lodging index and bending moment: bending moment (cm.g) × the length from the base of the internode to the top of the ear (cm) to be measured and the fresh weight from the base of the internode to the top of the ear (g), lodging index (cm.g/N) × bending moment (cm.g)/bending resistance (N), and stem mass per unit length (mg/cm) × stem mass per internode (mg)/internode length (cm).
And (4) examination: at harvest time, survey 1m per cell2Harvesting the number of ears, selecting plants with consistent growth vigor according to the average value, taking 3 holes at each point, and investigating the indexes such as plant height, ear grain number, seed setting rate, thousand grain weight and other agronomic characters.
Measurement of thousand seed weight: and (3) screening full and uniform-size rice grains in each hole as solid grains and the rest as blighted grains by taking each hole as a unit through a manual separation method, and then respectively measuring the grain number and the grain weight. Thousand grain weight (g) is the weight of the grains per hole (g)/number of the grains per hole (g) × 1000
And (3) determination of yield: measuring yield by area sampling point method, avoiding the edge row of the plot, selecting 2 rows of rice in the middle, each row taking 1m2Area determinationAnd (4) converting the yield into the unit area yield.
TABLE 1 test results of plant height and internode length of rice lodging resistance field test
Figure BDA0002978275600000061
As can be seen by analyzing the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the clear water control, the plant height of the rice of the comparative example containing the uniconazole ingredient showed a decreasing trend and the internode length showed a decreasing trend compared with the clear water control. As can be seen by analyzing the examples, the plant height of the rice with high uniconazole content is reduced more, and the length between the internodes is reduced obviously. The rice stem fall generally occurs at the near-field node, for example, in the rice varieties with eleven leaves and twelve leaves mainly planted in Heilongjiang province, the fall 3 node and the fall 4 node are generally near-field nodes, the reduction of the internode length is beneficial to the improvement of the lodging resistance of the rice, but the relationship between the length of the fall 1 node and the fall 2 node and the yield is larger, and the side effect of yield reduction is easily caused if the length of the node is excessively shortened after the application of the pesticide. Therefore, the lodging-resistant medicament should reduce the influence on the length of the internode of the ear of rice as much as possible while reducing the length of the internode of the ground, and according to the previous test results, the lodging-resistant medicament can meet the requirement that the shortening range of the internode of the ground is large enough after treatment, but the uniformity of improving the lodging resistance of the rice and ensuring the yield of the rice can be achieved only under the condition that the whole plant height is reduced by about 10%. From examples 1-5, it can be seen that under the comprehensive action conditions of the pharmaceutical composition for rice lodging resistance and the dosage thereof of the present invention, the shortening of the inverted 3-knot and the inverted 4-knot is large, which can meet the requirement of improving rice lodging resistance, but from the aspect of yield, the whole plant height reduction of examples 2 and 4 is too large, which is easy to generate large negative effect on rice yield; the whole plant height reduction amplitude of the example 3 is appropriate, but the effect of controlling the rice lodging 3-knot length is not as large as that of the example 1, the length of two internodes of the rice near the ground is obviously shortened in the example 1, the effect of controlling the rice near the ground knot length by the medicament composition and the dosage is reflected, the length of the rice near the ear knot is appropriate, and the rice plant height reduction degree meets the requirements of lodging resistance and no influence on yield.
TABLE 2 test results of dry weight per unit length internode of rice lodging resistance field test
Figure BDA0002978275600000071
Analysis of comparative examples 1-3 shows that the effect of uniconazole complexed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate is greater than the effect of uniconazole complexed with ethephon and greater than the effect of ethephon complexed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate in terms of unit internode dry weight compared to the clear water control. Comparative examples 1-3 the agent treatment had an effect of increasing the dry weight per internode for the near-earth sections 3 and 4, but had a tendency to cause a decrease in the dry weight per internode between sections 1 and 2. As can be seen from the analysis of the dry weight per internode of examples 1 to 5, the dry weight per internode of each rice section of examples showed an increasing trend after the treatment with the agent. The combination of uniconazole, ethephon and monopotassium phosphate in examples 1 and 2 works better to increase the dry weight per internode length of rice than the other treatments, with example 1 performing best in each treatment.
TABLE 3 test results of internode thickness of rice lodging resistance field test
Figure BDA0002978275600000081
As can be seen by analyzing the unit internode thickness, after the treatment with the agent, one or more internode positions of the rice in the comparative examples 1 to 3 have the negative effect of reducing the internode thickness, which is not beneficial to improving the lodging resistance of the rice. In terms of internode thickness, it is shown that the effect of the combination of uniconazole and monopotassium phosphate is greater than the effect of the combination of ethephon and uniconazole and greater than the effect of the combination of ethephon and monopotassium phosphate. As can be seen from the analysis of the internode roughness of rice in examples 1 to 5, the internode roughness of each rice locus showed an increasing tendency after the treatment with the agent. The increase of the internode thickness is beneficial to improving the lodging resistance of the rice to a certain extent, and the effect of improving the lodging resistance of the rice by adopting the proportioning dosage of the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 is stronger under the coordination of three effective components of ethephon, uniconazole and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
TABLE 4 bending moment test results of rice lodging resistance field test
Figure BDA0002978275600000082
Figure BDA0002978275600000091
Reducing the bending moment is advantageous for improving the collapse resistance. It can be seen by analysis that the reverse 4-node bending moment shows a decreasing trend after the treatment with the agent. As can be seen from the analysis of comparative examples 1-3, after the treatment with the agent, the rice in sections 2-4 shows that the effect of the combination of uniconazole and monopotassium phosphate is greater than the effect of the combination of uniconazole and ethephon and is greater than the effect of the combination of ethephon and monopotassium phosphate. As can be seen from the analysis of the bending moments of rice in examples 1 to 5, the compounding effect of the three active ingredients and the contents is stronger after the treatment of the agent than that of comparative examples 1 to 3. Since lodging generally occurs at the near-ground level, the reduction of the bending moment at the near-ground level is more important for improving the lodging resistance of rice, and the examples 1 to 5 have a better effect on reducing the bending moment of rice in view of the bending moment alone.
TABLE 5 test results of breaking resistance of rice lodging resistance field test
Figure BDA0002978275600000092
The folding strength is an important index of the reaction lodging resistance, and analysis of comparative examples 1 to 3 and it can be seen that, in comparison with the control, the effect of the combination of uniconazole and monopotassium phosphate is greater than the effect of the combination of uniconazole and ethephon and greater than the effect of the combination of ethephon and monopotassium phosphate in terms of folding strength. The improvement of the near-earth section folding resistance is the key for preventing lodging, and the analysis on the rice folding resistance of the examples 1-5 shows that the rice folding resistance improvement effect is obvious after the treatment of the medicament, wherein the effect of the examples 1 and 2 on the improvement of the rice folding resistance of each section is better than that of other examples and comparative examples. After the three components and contents of uniconazole, ethephon and monopotassium phosphate are matched, the composition of the agent components and contents which are the best for improving the lodging resistance of the rice is the combination of the example 1 which has the best performance for improving the lodging resistance of the lodging 1 section, the lodging 2 section and the lodging 4 section in each treatment, and is only inferior to the example 2 in the aspect of improving the lodging resistance of the lodging 3 section.
TABLE 6 lodging resistance index test results of rice lodging resistance field test
Figure BDA0002978275600000101
The lodging resistance with large lodging index is poor, and conversely, the lodging resistance is strong. The lodging resistance is evaluated according to the lodging index, so that whether lodging occurs or not can be pre-judged to a certain extent, and various measures are taken to prevent lodging. As can be seen from the analysis of comparative examples 1 to 3, the effect of the combination of uniconazole and monopotassium phosphate is greater than the effect of the combination of uniconazole and ethephon and greater than the effect of the combination of ethephon and monopotassium phosphate in the lodging index, wherein the comparative examples 1 and 3 have a reduction effect on the lodging resistance index of each section of rice, but the reduction range of the lodging index is small. The lodging indexes of the examples 1 to 5 are analyzed, and the lodging indexes of the rice in each node position are reduced by the examples 1 to 5 after the treatment of the medicament, wherein the reduction range of the lodging index of each node position of the rice is better than that of other examples and comparative examples under the coordination effect of the three components and contents of the examples 1 and 2.
TABLE 7 yield test results of rice lodging resistance field test
Figure BDA0002978275600000102
Figure BDA0002978275600000111
Achieving improved lodging resistance and yield increase is the best result of lodging-resistant cultivation, and although the rice after lodging has a greater harvest loss at the time of harvest, shows a greater yield advantage even when the yield is the same as the control yield, if the direct yield increase effect is shown during the application of the lodging-resistant agent, the agricultural production capacity is undoubtedly improved and guaranteed more importantly. The rice yield is affected by different dosages of different medicines. As can be seen from the analysis of the yields and yield composition data of comparative examples 1 to 3, the rice yield increase was insignificant. Although there was some increase in lodging resistance of the comparative rice after the treatment with the agent, the increase did not maximize the rice lodging risk alleviation effect. As can be seen by analyzing the yield and yield composition data of examples 1-5, the rice yield of each example was higher than that of the comparative example to a different extent. Examples 3-5 have a certain effect of increasing yield after treatment with the agent; example 2 has good lodging resistance; example 1 shows a better yield-increasing effect than other examples and comparative examples by the combined action on yield under the conditions of the combination and the dosage of three effective components of ethephon, uniconazole and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and shows a prominent advantage next to example 2 in the aspect of improving the lodging resistance of rice.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The medicament composition for resisting rice lodging is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10 to 50 percent of ethephon, 2.5 to 10 percent of uniconazole, 5 to 25 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of wetting agent, 0.1 to 1 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water.
2. The composition of claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20 to 45 percent of ethephon, 3 to 8 percent of uniconazole, 15 to 25 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3 to 0.45 percent of dispersant, 0.15 to 0.18 percent of wetting agent, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water.
3. The composition of claim 2, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of ethephon, 5% of uniconazole, 20% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.4% of dispersing agent, 0.16% of wetting agent, 0.5% of thickening agent and the balance of water.
4. The pharmaceutical composition for rice lodging resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dispersant is lauryl phosphate.
5. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wetting agent is coco glucoside.
6. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickening agent is xanthan gum.
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CN101555175A (en) * 2009-05-08 2009-10-14 王伟中 Production-increasing and lodging-resistant preparation for gramineous crops as well as preparation and application method thereof
CN107549192A (en) * 2016-07-01 2018-01-09 杨宜生 Wheat medicament resistant to lodging and preparation, application process

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CN1117343A (en) * 1994-08-23 1996-02-28 安徽农学院 Multi-function agent for coating rice seeds
CN101555175A (en) * 2009-05-08 2009-10-14 王伟中 Production-increasing and lodging-resistant preparation for gramineous crops as well as preparation and application method thereof
CN107549192A (en) * 2016-07-01 2018-01-09 杨宜生 Wheat medicament resistant to lodging and preparation, application process

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