CN113039902A - Rice seed sowing device capable of automatically adjusting sowing quantity and intelligent control system for sowing quantity - Google Patents
Rice seed sowing device capable of automatically adjusting sowing quantity and intelligent control system for sowing quantity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113039902A CN113039902A CN202110485107.XA CN202110485107A CN113039902A CN 113039902 A CN113039902 A CN 113039902A CN 202110485107 A CN202110485107 A CN 202110485107A CN 113039902 A CN113039902 A CN 113039902A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 61
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
- A01C19/02—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a motor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rice seed sowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing quantity, which comprises a shell, a stepping motor, a convex gear, a sowing quantity adjusting mechanism and a seed sowing shaft, wherein the sowing quantity adjusting mechanism comprises a seed sowing wheel, a spring and a volume adjusting cylinder, the seed sowing wheel is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell and is connected with the seed sowing shaft, the seed sowing wheel penetrates through the spring and is connected with the volume adjusting cylinder, one surface of the volume adjusting cylinder, which is far away from the seed sowing wheel, is connected with the convex gear, and the convex gear is connected with the stepping motor through a motor gear. The invention realizes automatic adjustment of seeding rate and has high seeding rate control precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent agricultural seeding machinery, in particular to a rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting seeding rate and an intelligent seeding rate control system thereof.
Background
The rice is one of three staple grains in China, and has great strategic value. The rice planting mode is divided into two types of transplanting and direct seeding, the precision hole direct seeding technology is the most main rice simple cultivation technology, and the key core component is a seed sowing device.
China has various rice varieties and forms, and the difference of the seeding amount is large due to the difference of varieties, regions, weather, seeding time and the like, so that the precision seeding is most difficult to realize in various large grain crops. In addition, physical characteristic parameters of the seed sowing device, such as the working rotating speed, the triaxial size of the rice seeds, the thousand seed weight and the like, and seed treatment states, such as the moisture content, the germination accelerating length and the like, are important factors influencing the sowing precision and the sowing quantity of the seed sowing device. The intelligent level of the seed metering device in the current market is low, and when the factors change, the precise control of the seeding amount can not be realized. The problem that the seeding precision is not high due to the fact that a traditional mechanical seed sowing device in the prior art is influenced by factors such as rotating speed, physical parameters of rice seeds and seed treatment state is solved, and meanwhile the problems that the seeding quantity of the traditional mechanical seed sowing device cannot be automatically adjusted and the seeding quantity control precision is not high are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the seeding quantity can not be automatically adjusted and the seeding quantity control precision is not high in the prior art, and provides a rice seeding device capable of automatically adjusting the seeding quantity and an intelligent seeding quantity control system thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an automatic adjust rice seed metering ware of volume of broadcasting, includes shell, step motor, convex gear, volume of broadcasting adjustment mechanism and seed metering axle, volume of broadcasting adjustment mechanism includes seed metering wheel, spring and volume regulation drum, the seed metering wheel is installed in the inner chamber of shell, the seed metering wheel is connected with the seed metering hub, the seed metering wheel passes the spring and is connected with the volume regulation drum, the one side and the convex gear that the seed metering wheel was kept away from to the volume regulation drum are connected, the convex gear passes through motor gear and is connected with step motor.
More preferred selection, the seed metering wheel is including filling kind of a wheel and guide post, the guide post is installed in the shell, it installs in the guide post to fill kind of a wheel, it is equipped with a plurality of grooves of filling kind to fill kind of a wheel, fill kind of a groove and volume regulation drum and form and fill kind of a room, the power end and the seed metering hub connection of guide post, the direction end of guide post passes spring, volume regulation drum in proper order and is connected with the convex gear.
Preferably, the seed filling device further comprises a first manual adjusting gear, the first manual adjusting gear is mounted on the guide column and connected with the seed filling wheel, and the first manual adjusting gear is matched with the convex gear.
Preferably, the convex gear comprises a second manual adjusting gear and a transmission gear, the second manual adjusting gear and the transmission gear are both arranged on the seed sowing wheel and are connected with the transmission gear, one surface, far away from the transmission gear, of the second manual adjusting gear is connected with the volume adjusting cylinder, the second manual adjusting gear is matched with the seed sowing wheel, and the transmission gear is connected with the motor gear.
More preferably, the volume adjustment cylinder includes many volume adjustment posts and atress board, the atress board is equipped with the collar, the collar is installed in the seed metering wheel, many the volume adjustment post is connected with the atress board, many the volume adjustment post forms a plurality of seed filling rooms with the seed filling groove of seed metering wheel.
Preferably, the seed sowing device further comprises a seed cleaning brush, wherein the seed cleaning brush is mounted on the shell through a bolt and is connected with the seed sowing wheel.
Preferably, the portable electronic device further comprises N positioning buckles, wherein the N positioning buckles are symmetrically arranged on the shell, and N is a positive even number.
Preferably, the seed sowing device further comprises a Hall sensor, and the Hall sensor is mounted on the seed sowing shaft.
Preferably, the camera further comprises an industrial camera, and the industrial camera is mounted on the size calibration board of the shell.
The utility model provides a volume of broadcasting intelligence control system of rice seed metering, includes seed metering ware, seed case, thin roof beam weighing sensor, microwave reflection moisture sensor, hall sensor, industry camera and controller, seed case installs in the seed metering ware, hall sensor and industry camera are all installed in the seed metering ware, microwave reflection moisture sensor and thin roof beam weighing sensor are all installed in seed case, seed metering ware, thin roof beam weighing sensor, microwave reflection moisture sensor, hall sensor and industry camera all are connected with the controller, the seed metering ware is the rice seed metering ware of an automatically regulated volume of broadcasting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention realizes automatic adjustment of the seeding amount through the shell, the stepping motor, the convex gear, the seeding amount adjusting mechanism and the seed discharging shaft, and the seeding amount control precision is high.
2. According to the invention, the seeding condition is monitored by each sensor in real time through the seed sowing device, the seed box, the thin beam weighing sensor, the microwave reflection moisture sensor, the Hall sensor, the industrial camera and the controller, and the seeding quantity of the rice seed sowing device is adjusted by controlling the stepping motor in real time, so that the accurate adjustment of the seeding quantity of the rice seed sowing device is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rice seed metering device capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a seeding rate adjusting mechanism of a rice seeding apparatus for automatically adjusting the seeding rate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a seeding rate adjusting mechanism of a rice seeding apparatus for automatically adjusting the seeding rate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a seeding rate adjustment mechanism of a rice seed meter for automatically adjusting the seeding rate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an intelligent control system for rice seeding according to the present invention;
reference numbers for parts in the drawings: 1. a Hall sensor; 2. a seed shaft; 3. a housing; 4. a seed sowing wheel; 41. a guide post; 42. a seed charging wheel; 43. a seed charging groove; 44. a first manual adjustment gear; 5. a stepping motor; 6. a convex gear; 61. a second manual adjustment gear; 62. a transmission gear; 7. cleaning the seeds with a brush; 8. an industrial camera; 9. a volume adjusting cylinder; 91. a stress plate; 92. a volume adjusting column; 10. a spring; 11. a motor gear; 12. and a positioning buckle.
Detailed Description
The following describes the object of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
A rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting seeding rate comprises a shell 3, a stepping motor 5, a convex gear 6, a seeding rate adjusting mechanism, a seeding shaft 2, a positioning buckle 12 and a seed cleaning brush 7, wherein the seeding rate adjusting mechanism comprises a seeding wheel 4, a spring 10 and a volume adjusting cylinder 9, the seeding wheel 4 is installed in an inner cavity of the shell 3, a power end of the seeding wheel 4 is connected with the seeding shaft 2, a guide end of the seeding wheel 4 penetrates through the spring 10 to be connected with the volume adjusting cylinder 9, the volume adjusting cylinder 9 is connected with a motor gear 11 through the convex gear 6, the motor gear 11 is installed on the stepping motor 5, the stepping motor 5 is installed on the outer side of the shell 3, 2 positioning buckles 12 are symmetrically installed at the top of the shell 3, and the other 2 positioning buckles 12 are symmetrically installed on the side of the shell 3. The seed cleaning brush 7 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell through a bolt, and the brush head of the seed cleaning brush 7 is contacted with the seed sowing wheel 4.
The shell 3 plays a supporting role and is used for installing various parts; the stepping motor 5 provides power for adjusting the length of the seed charging chamber of the seed sowing wheel 4; the spur gear 6 advances or retreats in the guide post 41 by the rotation of the stepping motor 5 for pushing the volume adjusting cylinder 9; the seed sowing wheel 4 is used for sowing rice seeds into a field; the volume adjusting cylinder 9 is used for adjusting the size of the filling chamber. The seeding shaft 2 is used for connecting the seeding wheel 4 and driving the seeding wheel 4 to rotate. The spring 10 controls the relative distance between the seed wheel 4 and the volume adjusting cylinder 9 by compressing itself. The seed cleaning brush 7 cleans rice seeds which exceed the seed filling chamber when the rice seed sowing device works. The number of the positioning buckles 12 is 4, and 2 positioning buckles are positioned at the top of the seed sowing device and used for fixing the seed box; the other 2 positioning buckles 12 are positioned at one side of the seed sowing device and used for fixing the rice seed sowing device.
The seed discharging wheel 4 comprises a first manual adjusting gear 44, a seed charging wheel 42 and a guide column 41, the guide column 41 is installed in the inner cavity of the shell 3, the seed charging wheel 42 and the first manual adjusting gear 44 are both installed on the guide column 41, the seed charging wheel 42 is connected with the first manual adjusting gear 44, the power end of the guide column 41 is connected with the seed discharging shaft 2, the guide end of the guide column 41 sequentially penetrates through a spring 10, a volume adjusting cylinder 9 and a convex gear 6, the spring 10 is located between the seed charging wheel 42 and the volume adjusting cylinder 9, and a plurality of seed charging grooves 43 are formed in the seed charging wheel 42.
The first manual adjusting gear 44 is used for manually adjusting the volume of the seed filling chamber, so that the seeding amount is adjusted; the seed charging wheel 42 is provided with a plurality of seed charging grooves 43, the seed charging grooves 43 are used for storing rice seeds, and the purpose of sowing is achieved through self rotation; the guide post 41 is provided with a thread, the convex gear 6 can move forward or backward under the action of the thread, and in addition, the guide post 41 axially guides the volume adjusting cylinder 9, so that the volume adjusting cylinder 9 can be accurately embedded into the seed charging groove 43 of the seed charging wheel 42.
The convex gear 6 comprises a second manual adjusting gear 61 and a transmission gear 62, the transmission gear 62 is installed on a guide column 41 of the seed sowing wheel, the transmission gear 62 is connected with a gear 11 of the stepping motor 5, one surface of the second manual adjusting gear 61 is connected with the transmission gear 62 through a connecting block, and a space is formed between the second manual adjusting gear 61 and the transmission gear 62, so that the back-and-forth movement distance of the convex gear 6 is increased; the other surface of the second manual adjusting gear 61 is connected with the volume adjusting cylinder, and the thickness of the transmission gear 62 is larger than that of the gear 11 of the stepping motor 5, so that the effect that the convex gear 6 does not lose teeth in the front and back moving process and the power transmission is met is achieved. The second manual adjusting gear 61 is matched with the first manual adjusting gear 44 of the seed sowing wheel for use and is used for manually adjusting the volume of the seed filling chamber; the transmission gear 62 drives the transmission gear 62 to rotate through the motor gear 11, so that the convex gear 6 moves back and forth on the guide post 41.
The volume adjusting cylinder 9 comprises a stress plate 91 and a plurality of volume adjusting columns 92, the volume adjusting columns 92 are perpendicularly connected with the stress plate 91 in a distributed mode, the other surface of the stress plate 91 is connected with the convex gear 6, the stress plate 91 is provided with a mounting ring, the stress plate 91 is mounted on the guide column 41 through the mounting ring, and the volume adjusting columns 92 and the seed filling groove 43 form a plurality of seed filling chambers 44. The force bearing plate 91 is moved back and forth in the guide post 41 under the force of a convex gear or a spring; the volume adjusting post 92 controls the volume of the seed charging chamber by the depth of insertion in the seed charging groove 43.
The utility model provides a volume of broadcasting intelligence control system of rice seed metering, including the rice seed metering ware, the seed case, thin roof beam weighing sensor, microwave reflection moisture sensor, hall sensor 1, industry camera 8 and controller, the top at the rice seed metering ware is installed to the seed case, hall sensor 1 installs the seed metering axle 2 at the rice seed metering ware, industry camera 8 is installed on the size calibration board of the shell 3 of rice seed metering ware, microwave reflection moisture sensor installs the top at the seed case, thin roof beam weighing sensor installs the lower part at the seed case, the step motor 5 of rice seed metering ware, thin roof beam weighing sensor, microwave reflection moisture sensor, hall sensor 1 and industry camera 8 all are connected with the controller, be equipped with touch display on the controller.
The rice seed sowing device can automatically adjust the size of the seed filling chamber according to the input sowing quantity value, and can sow rice seeds into the field; the seed box is used for storing rice seeds; the thin beam weighing sensor is used for measuring the thousand grain mass of the experimental rice seeds; the microwave reflection water sensor is used for measuring the water content of the rice seeds to be tested because the microwave is very sensitive to water; the Hall sensor 1 is used for monitoring the rotating speed of a seed sowing wheel 4 of the rice seed sowing device, transmitting the real-time rotating speed value of the seed sowing wheel 4 to the controller in time and displaying the real-time rotating speed value on the touch screen display; the industrial camera 8 is used for detecting the three-axis size and the pregermination length of the rice seeds to be tested, and simultaneously shooting and collecting the number of the rice seeds of a single seed filling chamber of the seed sowing wheel 4 so as to determine whether the number of the rice seeds of the single seed filling chamber meets the requirement. The controller is a PLC controller, a touch screen display is arranged on the controller, the touch display plays a role in displaying and inputting, the broadcasting quantity numerical value is input into the display, and the controller gives an instruction to control the stepping motor 5 to rotate, so that the effect of adjusting the size of the seed filling chamber is achieved.
The method comprises the steps of establishing a seed filling mathematical model and rice seed physical characteristic parameters acquired by a rice seed physical characteristic parameter real-time measuring system, establishing a mechanical rice seed sowing device which takes the sowing quantity as a dependent variable, monitoring relevant conditions of the three-axis size, the germination accelerating length, the thousand seed quality and the water content of rice seeds in real time, properly adjusting the rice seed sowing device by a controller according to data returned by various sensors (including a thin beam weighing sensor, a microwave reflection water sensor, a Hall sensor 1 and an industrial camera 8), and automatically adjusting the size of a seed filling chamber and the rotating speed of a seed sowing wheel 4 in real time, so that a closed-loop system consisting of a display, a controller, various sensors, an auxiliary device and the rice seed sowing device with accurate self-adjustment is formed, and the automatic adjustment of the sowing quantity is realized.
The working principle is as follows: when the rice seeding device works, rice seeds are put into the seed box, relevant parameters (including row spacing: 20cm, hole spacing: 14cm and seeding amount: 075kg/ha) requiring seeding amount are input at the touch screen display, the controller calculates and processes set data and sends an instruction to the stepping motor 5 of the seeding device, and after receiving the instruction of the controller, the stepping motor 5 starts to rotate and drives the convex gear 6 to rotate, so that the convex gear 6 moves forwards or backwards along the guide post 41. When the convex gear 6 advances, the volume adjusting cylinder 9 is pushed to advance, and then the volume adjusting cylinder 9 advances towards the seed sowing wheel 4, so that the volume of the seed filling chamber is reduced; when the convex gear 6 retreats, the spring 10 rebounds due to self compression to push the volume adjusting cylinder 9 to retreat, and the volume adjusting cylinder 9 retreats from the seed sowing wheel 4, namely, the relative distance between the seed sowing wheel 4 and the volume adjusting cylinder 9 is increased, and the volume of the seed filling chamber is increased. Meanwhile, each sensor detects relevant data, feeds the relevant data back to the controller and displays the data on the touch display screen. When the related data and the set data are in an error range, the stepping motor 5 does not work, and the size of the seed filling chamber 44 is kept unchanged; when the related data and the set data have certain deviation, the controller gives an instruction to the stepping motor 5 of the rice seed sowing device according to the related data, and the stepping motor 5 rotates, so that the size of the seed filling chamber is adjusted, and the effect of automatically adjusting the sowing amount in real time is realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic adjust rice seed metering ware of volume of broadcasting which characterized in that, includes shell, step motor, spur gear, volume of broadcasting adjustment mechanism and seed metering axle, volume of broadcasting adjustment mechanism includes seed metering wheel, spring and volume adjustment drum, the seed metering wheel is installed in the inner chamber of shell, the seed metering wheel is connected with the seed metering axle, the seed metering wheel passes the spring and is connected with the volume adjustment drum, the one side that the seed metering wheel was kept away from to the volume adjustment drum is connected with the spur gear, the spur gear passes through motor gear and is connected with step motor.
2. The rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeding wheel comprises a seed charging wheel and a guide post, the guide post is mounted on the housing, the seed charging wheel is mounted on the guide post, the seed charging wheel is provided with a plurality of seed charging grooves, the seed charging grooves and the volume adjusting cylinder form a seed charging chamber, the power end of the guide post is connected with the seeding shaft, and the guide end of the guide post sequentially passes through the spring and the volume adjusting cylinder to be connected with the convex gear.
3. The rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a first manual adjusting gear, wherein the first manual adjusting gear is mounted on the guide column and connected with the seed filling wheel, and the first manual adjusting gear is matched with the convex gear.
4. The rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the convex gear comprises a second manual adjusting gear and a transmission gear, the second manual adjusting gear and the transmission gear are both arranged on the seeding wheel, the second manual adjusting gear is connected with the transmission gear, one surface of the second manual adjusting gear, which is far away from the transmission gear, is connected with the volume adjusting cylinder, the second manual adjusting gear is matched with the seeding wheel, and the transmission gear is connected with the motor gear.
5. The rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume adjusting cylinder comprises a plurality of volume adjusting columns and a stress plate, the stress plate is provided with a mounting ring, the mounting ring is mounted on the seeding wheel, the volume adjusting columns are connected with the stress plate, and the volume adjusting columns and the seed charging grooves of the seeding wheel form a plurality of seed charging chambers.
6. The rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a seed cleaning brush, wherein the seed cleaning brush is mounted on the housing through a bolt, and the seed cleaning brush is connected with the seeding wheel.
7. The rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate as claimed in claim 1, further comprising N positioning buckles, wherein the N positioning buckles are symmetrically arranged on the outer shell, and N is a positive even number.
8. The rice seeding apparatus capable of automatically adjusting the seeding rate as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a Hall sensor, wherein the Hall sensor is mounted on the seeding shaft.
9. The rice seed metering device capable of automatically adjusting seeding rate as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an industrial camera, wherein the industrial camera is mounted on a size calibration plate of the housing.
10. The utility model provides a volume of broadcasting intelligent control system of rice seed metering, its characterized in that, including seed metering ware, seed case, thin roof beam weighing sensor, microwave reflection moisture sensor, hall sensor, industry camera and controller, seed case is installed in the seed metering ware, hall sensor and industry camera are all installed in the seed metering ware, microwave reflection moisture sensor and thin roof beam weighing sensor are all installed in seed case, seed metering ware, thin roof beam weighing sensor, microwave reflection moisture sensor, hall sensor and industry camera all are connected with the controller, the seed metering ware be according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7 a rice seed metering ware of automatically regulated volume of broadcasting.
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CN102478099A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-30 | 蔡旭阳 | Mechanical transmission of electric vehicle |
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