CN113035385B - 一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块 - Google Patents
一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113035385B CN113035385B CN202110240491.7A CN202110240491A CN113035385B CN 113035385 B CN113035385 B CN 113035385B CN 202110240491 A CN202110240491 A CN 202110240491A CN 113035385 B CN113035385 B CN 113035385B
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- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
- G21C3/58—Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
- G21C3/58—Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
- G21C3/62—Ceramic fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及核燃料技术领域，具体地说是一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块，至少采用如下原料混合而成的复合材料芯块：UB2、U3Si2；且复合材料芯块中的U3Si2相呈颗粒状分散于UB2相中被UB2相分隔包覆。本发明与现有技术相比，可较方便的通过调节芯块中UB2相的比例和B‑10同位素的富集度来进行可燃毒物芯块中子吸收价值的调节；抗高温水腐蚀的性能更好，在燃料包壳破损时可减少裂变产物释放至一回路冷却水；由于B‑11的中子吸收截面较低，因此当使用贫化B‑10的硼为原料制备的U3Si2‑UB2复合整体型可燃毒物芯块可作为燃料芯块使用，相比纯U3Si2燃料芯块具有更好的抗水腐蚀性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及核燃料技术领域，具体地说是一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块。
背景技术
在国内外的商业轻水堆中，目前都使用了UO2燃料。同时，为了控制堆芯的初始反应性，展平堆芯的功率分布，延长燃料换料周期，很多堆芯设计都需要使用可燃毒物。其中，整体型可燃毒物芯块主要有带ZrB2涂层的UO2芯块以及UO2-Gd2O3芯块。
然而，UO2燃料有热导率低、铀密度低的缺点。为了进一步提高商业轻水堆的安全性、运行灵活性以及经济性，近年来U3Si2燃料被认为有潜力替代UO2燃料。U3Si2的铀金属密度达11.3gU/cm3，高于UO2的9.7gU/cm3,在运行温度下的热导率也远高于UO2。因此，使用U3Si2燃料可进一步提高反应堆的经济性和运行灵活性。但是，U3Si2燃料相比UO2燃料也有化学活性高、不耐高温水腐蚀的缺点。同时，使用U3Si2燃料替代了UO2燃料芯块，原有的整体型可燃毒物方案也需要针对U3Si2燃料的性质进行相应的变更。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，通过与可燃毒物的复合提高U3Si2燃料芯块的抗水腐蚀性能，提高U3Si2燃料芯块的应用安全性，为未来在轻水反应堆中应用的U3Si2燃料芯块提供一种用于调节堆芯功率分布的整体型可燃毒物方案。
为实现上述目的，设计一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块，其特征在于，至少采用如下原料混合而成的复合材料芯块：UB2、U3Si2；
且复合材料芯块中的U3Si2相呈颗粒状分散于UB2相中被UB2相分隔包覆。
进一步的，所述复合材料芯块中的UB2相所占芯块的体积为5～40％，余下为U3Si2相。
进一步的，所述UB2中B-10的富集度为0～90wt％。
本发明与现有技术相比，通过UB2相分隔易与高温水和水蒸气发生反应的U3Si2相，提高芯块暴露于高温冷却水或水蒸气时维持完整性的能力，抗高温水腐蚀的性能更好；可较方便的通过调节芯块中UB2相的比例和B-10同位素的富集度来进行可燃毒物芯块中子吸收价值的调节。
附图说明
图1为本发明的横切面示意图。
具体实施方式
现结合附图对本发明作进一步地说明。
实施例1
参见图1，外径为8.192mm，高9.83mm的U3Si2-UB2复合整体型可燃毒物芯块，U3Si2含量为95vol％，其余5vol％为UB2。其中，U-235的富集度为4.95wt％，B-10的富集度为20wt％。
实施例2
外径为8.192mm，高9.83mm的U3Si2-UB2复合整体型可燃毒物芯块，U3Si2含量为60vol％，其余40vol％为UB2。其中，U-235的富集度为4.95wt％，B-10的富集度为3wt％。
与一般直接由粉末烧结的单相U3Si2燃料芯块相比，本发明抗高温水腐蚀的性能更好，在燃料包壳破损时可减少裂变产物释放至一回路冷却水；由于B-11的中子吸收截面较低，因此当使用贫化B-10的硼为原料制备的U3Si2-UB2复合整体型可燃毒物芯块可作为无毒物燃料芯块使用，且相比纯U3Si2燃料芯块具有更好的抗水腐蚀性能；芯块尺寸与现有燃料芯块一致，易于使用；通过调节B-10的富集度和UB2相体积比可实现很大范围的中子吸收价值调整，便于堆芯物理设计。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块，其特征在于，
至少采用如下原料混合而成的复合材料芯块：UB2、U3Si2；
且复合材料芯块中的U3Si2相(1)呈颗粒状分散于UB2相(2)中被UB2相分隔包覆。
2.如权利要求1中所述的一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块，其特征在于，所述复合材料芯块中的UB2相(2)所占芯块的体积为5～40％，余下为U3Si2相(1)。
3.如权利要求1中所述的一种含硼硅化铀整体型可燃毒物芯块，其特征在于，所述UB2中B-10的富集度为0～90wt％。
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